Xử lý rodamine b trong nước trên xúc tác hydrotalcite chứa ti

I HC QUC GIA H NI TRNG I HC KHOA HC T NHIấN KHOA HểA HC Hunh Th Thỳy Hoa X Lí RHODAMINE B TRONG NC TRấN XC TC HYDROTALCITE CHA Ti Lun Thc s Húa hc Ngnh Húa hc Mụi trng H Ni - 2016 I HC QUC GIA H NI TRNG I HC KHOA HC T NHIấN KHOA HểA HC Hunh Th Thỳy Hoa X Lí RHODAMINE B TRONG NC TRấN XC TC HYDROTALCITE CHA Ti Lun Thc s Húa hc Ngnh Húa hc Mụi trng Mó s: 60440120 Cỏn b hng dn: PGS TS Nguyn Tin Tho H Ni - 2016 LI CM N Vi lũng bit n sõu sc nht, tụi xin chõn thnh cm n PGS.TS Nguyn Tin Tho ó hng dn tụi tn tỡnh sut quỏ trỡnh hon thnh lun Tụi xin chõn thnh cm n cỏc thy, cụ v cỏc cỏn b phũng thớ nghim Khoa Húa hc - B mụn Húa hc Du m v Phũng thớ nghim Húa Mụi trng, Trng HKHTN- HQG H Ni ó dy d, ng viờn, giỳp tụi sut quỏ trỡnh hc ti trng v to iu kin thun li cho tụi hon thin lun Cui cựng, tụi xin by t lũng bit n ti gia ỡnh v bn bố, nhng ngi luụn ng viờn v to iu kin thun li tụi hon thin lun Trõn trng cm n! H Ni, ngy thỏng nm 2016 Tỏc gi Hunh Th Thỳy Hoa MC LC LI CM N M U 10 Chng I - TNG QUAN 12 1.1 Gii thiu v hydrotalcite 12 1.2 c im hydrotalcite 13 1.2.1 Cụng thc 13 1.2.2 c im cu trỳc 13 1.2.3 c im 14 1.3 Tớnh cht 16 1.3.1 Tớnh cht trao i anion 16 1.3.2 Tớnh cht hp ph 18 1.4 Phng phỏp iu ch hydrotalcite 19 1.4.1 Phng phỏp ng kt ta 19 1.4.2 nh hng ca pH 19 1.4.3 nh hng ca nhit 21 1.4.4 Gi húa kt ta 21 1.4.5 Ra kt ta 21 1.4.6 Lm khụ cht kt ta v gel 22 1.5 ng dng ca hydrotalcite 22 1.5.1 Xỳc tỏc 22 1.5.2 ng dng lm cht hp ph v trao i ion 23 1.6 Phn ng oxi húa rhodamine B 23 1.6.1 Kh nng x lý hp cht hu c nc bng xỳc tỏc hydrotalcite Zn-Ti 23 1.6.2 Rhodamine B 24 1.6.3 C ch ca phn ng oxi húa RhoB s dng xỳc tỏc quang Zn/TiLDHs 25 Chng II THC NGHIM 26 2.1.Tng hp Zn/Ti-LDHs 26 2.2 Nghiờn cu c trng xỳc tỏc bng cỏc phng phỏp vt lý 26 2.2.1 Phng phỏp nhiu x tia X (XRD) 26 2.2.2 Phng phỏp tỏn x nng lng tia X (EDS) 28 2.2.3 Phng phỏp ph hng ngoi (IR) 29 2.2.4 Phng phỏp hin vi in t quột (SEM) 29 2.2.5 Phng phỏp hin vi in t tru n qua E 30 2.2.6 Phng phỏp hp ph - gii hp ph (BET) 30 2.3 Phn ng oxi húa rhodamine B 36 2.4 Xõy dng ng chun, o hp th quang ca dung dch Rhodamine B theo phng phỏp trc quang (UV Vis) 36 2.4.1 Nguyờn tc 36 2.4.2 Xõy dng ng chun 37 Chng III KT QU V THO LUN 39 3.1 c trng ca mu xỳc tỏc Zn/Ti-LDHs 39 3.1.1 Ph XRD 39 3.1.2 Kt qu EDS 40 3.1.3 Kt qu UV-Vis cht rn 42 3.1.4 nh SEM ca cỏc mu xỳc tỏc 43 3.1.5 nh TEM ca vt liu 44 3.1.6 Kt qu hp ph - gii hp ph nit 45 3.1.7.Kt qu ph IR 47 3.2 Nghiờn cu hot tớnh quang xỳc tỏc ca Zn/Ti-LDHs cho phn ng phõn hy RhoB 48 3.2.1 nh hng ca oxi, xỳc tỏc v ỏnh sỏng n phn ng quang húa oxy húa RhoB 48 3.2.2 Kho sỏt nh hng ca t l s mol Zn2+/Ti4+ 49 3.2.3 Kho sỏt nh hng ca hm lng xỳc tỏc 50 3.2.4 nh hng ca pH 52 3.2.5 Thu hi v tỏi sinh xỳc tỏc 53 KT LUN 55 TI LIU THAM KHO 56 DANH MC HèNH Hỡnh 1.1 Khoỏng s t hydrotalcite 12 Hỡnh 1.2 Cu trỳc ca hydrotalcite km-titan 14 Hỡnh 1.3 Hỡnh dng lp brucite (a) v cu trỳc lp ca hydrotalcite (b) 15 Hỡnh 1.4 Giỏ tr L ph thuc vo bỏn kớnh anion 15 Hỡnh 1.5 Giỏ tr L ph thuc vo dng hỡnh hc ca anion 16 Hỡnh 1.6 Quỏ trỡnh trao i anion 18 Hỡnh 1.7 Phõn t rhodamine B 25 Hỡnh 2.1 Hỡnh cỏc mt phn x nhiu x tia X 27 Hỡnh 2.2 Cỏc kiu ng hp ph-gii hp ng nhit theo IUPAC 34 Hỡnh 2.3 ng chun rhodamine B 38 Hỡnh 3.1: Kt qu ph XRD ca cỏc mu LDHs Zn-Ti- CO32 (trc phn ng) vi t l Zn/Ti thay i 40 Hỡnh 3.2: Ph EDS ca cỏc mu vt liu LDHs Zn-Ti- CO32- 41 Hỡnh 3.3: Kt qu ph UV-Vis cht rn cỏc mu LDLs Zn-Ti- CO32- 42 Hinh 3.4 nh SEM mu xỳc tỏc MT5-0(a) v MT 5-1(b) 43 Hinh3.5 nh SEM ca mu xỳc tỏc MT5-2(c) v MT5-3(d) 43 Hỡnh 3.6: Kt qu TEM ca vt liu MT 5-1 44 Hỡnh 3.7 ng hp ph - gii hp nit ca mu xỳc tỏc MT5-1 v MT5-3 45 Hỡnh 3.8a S phõn b mao qun BJH ca mu MT5-1 46 Hỡnh 3.8b S phõn b mao qun BJH ca mu MT5-3 46 Hỡnh 3.9: Ph IR ca cỏc mu xỳc tỏc Zn/Ti-LDHs 47 Hỡnh 3.10: nh hng ca cỏc tỏc nhõn n phn ng quang húa 48 Hỡnh 3.11: Kho sỏt s nh hng ca t l Zn2+/Ti4+ 49 Hỡnh 3.12: nh hng ca hm lng xỳc tỏc 50 Hỡnh 3.13: nh hng ca hm lng xỳc tỏc (MT 5-0.5) lờn suy thoỏi quang 51 Hỡnh 3.14: Kho sỏt nh hng ca pH 52 Hỡnh 3.15: Kho sỏt suy thoỏi quang Rhodamine B vi cỏc pH thay i gi 53 Hỡnh 3.15: Kt qu x lý rhodamine B sau ln tỏi sinh xỳc tỏc 53 Hỡnh 3.16 Ph IR ca mu xỳc tỏc MT5-1 trc v sau phn ng 54 DANH MC BNG Bng 2.1: Cỏc mu hydrotalcite km- titan iu ch c 26 Bng 2.2 S ph thuc ca hp th quang theo nng Rhodamine B 37 Bng 3.1 Cụng thc d kin ca cỏc mu xỳc tỏc hydrotalcite km-titan 39 Bng 3.2: Thnh phn % nguyờn t cỏc vt liu Zn/Ti-LDHs thu c v cụng thc d kin 41 Bng 3.3: S thay i ca bc súng hp th cc i 42 Bng 3.4 Cỏc tỏc nhõn nh hng ti phn ng quang xỳc tỏc Error! Bookmark not defined DANH MC CC T VIT TT Kớ hiu vit tt Tờn ca kớ hiu vit tt RhoB Rhodamine B HT Zn-Ti Hydrotalcite km-titan Zn/Ti-LDHs Zn/Ti- Layer Double Hydrotalcites H vt liu lp km-titan suy thoỏi quang (%) 100 80 60 40 20 10 11 pH suy thoỏi quang Hỡnh 3.15: Kho sỏt suy thoỏi quang Rhodamine B vi cỏc pH tha i gi suy thoỏi quang (%) 3.2.5 Thu hi v tỏi sinh xỳc tỏc iu kin thc hin: 100ml RhoB 20mg/L, 0.3g xỳc tỏc MT5-1 v MT50.5, ốn compact 20W, oxy khụng kh MT5-1 MT5-0,5 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 S ln tỏi sinh Hỡnh 3.15: Kt qu x lý rhodamine B sau ln tỏi sinh xỳc tỏc Sau ln tỏi sinh xỳc tỏc, mu xỳc tỏc MT5-1 cho hiu sut x lý RhoB tt (100%), mu xỳc tỏc MT5-0,5 cho hiu sut 90%, iu ny cú th gii thớch hiu ng Memory Effect (hiu ng nh), cỏc mu xỳc tỏc cú th tỏi cu trỳc hydrotalcite ban u mụi trng nc sau sch v tỏi sinh xỳc tỏc 53 MT5-1 400 800 1200 151 136 831 465 MT5-1 SP 1600 2000 2400 S súng (cm-1) 2800 3200 3600 4000 Hỡnh 3.16 Ph IR ca mu xỳc tỏc MT5-1 trc v sau phn ng SP Hỡnh 3.16 ch rng ph IR trc v sau phn ng ca mu MT5-1 cỏc dao ng c trng cho liờn kt gn nh khụng thay i tr cỏc dao ng 3200-3600 cm-1 (c trng cho liờn kt O-H) v 1200 1600 cm-1 b gim khỏ mnh v cng 54 KT LUN Qua thi gian tin hnh thc nghim tng hp xỳc tỏc Zn/Ti-LDHs v nghiờn cu ng dng quang xỳc tỏc x lý phm mu Rho , chỳng tụi ó nhn c cỏc kt qu nh sau: ó tng hp c xỳc tỏc hydrotalcite Zn-Ti theo cỏc t l mol Zn/Ti khỏc v nghiờn cu c trng cu trỳc xỳc tỏc bng cỏc phng phỏp vt lý: nhiu x Rnghen (XRD), EDS, ph hng ngoi IR, kớnh hin vi in t quột (SEM), kớnh hin vi in t truyn qua (TEM) v phng phỏp ng nhit hp ph- gii hp ph (BET) Cỏc mu xỳc tỏc iu ch cú cu trỳc hydrotalcite, din tớch b mt ln Tin hnh nghiờn cu quỏ trỡnh x lý Rhodamine B trờn cỏc mu xỳc tỏc hydrotalcite Zn-Ti tng hp iu kin phn ng khỏc Kt qu cho thy quỏ trỡnh oxi húa Rhodamine B ph thuc vo t l Zn:Ti, hm lng xỳc tỏc, thi gian phn ng, cỏc tỏc nhõn oxi húa Mu xỳc tỏc MT5-1 vi t l Zn:Ti=5:1 cho hiu sut x lý v thu hi tỏi sinh tt nht: Hiu sut x lý 100 mL 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MT5-1( t l Zn:Ti=5:1) Ph lc 3: Ph XRD ca mu xỳc tỏc MT5-2( t l Zn:Ti=5:2) Ph lc 4: Ph XRD ca mu xỳc tỏc MT5-3( t l Zn:Ti=5:3) 64 Ph lc 5: Ph EDS ca mu xỳc tỏc MT5-1 Ph lc 6: Ph EDS ca mu xỳc tỏc MT5-2 65 Ph lc 7: Ph EDS ca mu xỳc tỏc MT5-3 66 Ph lc 8: Ph hp th UV-Vis ca mu trng (100ml dung dch RhoB 20mg/L,khụng xỳc tỏc, búng ốn compact 20W)-A v ph hp th UV-Vis ca dung dch RhoB x lý bng mu xỳc tỏc MT5-1(100ml dung dch RhoB 20mg/L, 0,3g xỳc tỏc, nhit ph ng, ốn compact 20W, pH=6)-B 67 ... c n xúc tác xốp b mặt riêng gồm b mặt b mặt xúc tác Nói chung b mặt riêng xúc tác xốp cao b mặt riêng xúc tác không xốp B mặt xúc tác xốp vấn đề thú vị đóng vai tr quan trọng xúc tác dị... phụ (BET) Nguyên tắc phƣơng pháp: diện tích b mặt riêng xúc tác hay vật liệu rắn b mặt gam chất rắn Chất xúc tác rắn dạng khối hay xốp Đối với xúc tác dạng khối, b mặt riêng b mặt nó, c n xúc. .. viết tắt RhoB Rhodamine B HT Zn -Ti Hydrotalcite kẽm-titan Zn /Ti- LDHs Zn /Ti- Layer Double Hydrotalcites Họ vật liệu lớp kẽm-titan MỞ ĐẦU Trong năm gần đây, phát triển kinh tế gắn với b o vệ môi