PART 2: SENTENCE COMPLETION – Questions 41-‐50 Direction: In this part of the test, you will notice that there is a word or phrase missing in each sentence Study the four answer choices and select the one answer: A, B, C or D that best completes the sentence 41 Don’t … to any conclusion before you know the full facts A rush B dive C leap D fly 42 A few animals sometimes fool their enemies _ to be dead A have been appearing B to be appearing C to appear D by appearing 43 On no account in the office be used for personal materials A the photocopy machines B the photocopy machines should C should the photocopy machines D does the photocopy machines 44 The of the bank where he worked was not in the center of the city A branch B seat C house D piece 45 from Bill, all the students said they would go A Exept B Only C Apart D Separate 46 The detective’s resourcefulness helped him solve the mystery A assistance B skill C family D money 47 When I bought the shoes, they _ me well but later they were too tight at home A matched B fitted C suited D went with 48 The purpose of phonetics is an inventory and a description of the sounds found in speech A provide B provided C to provide D being provided 49: They received a ten-‐year sentence for _armed robbery A making B doing C committing D practicing 50 the hijacker plane landed, it was surrounded by police A As soon as B While C Just D Until PART 3: TEXT COMPLETION – Questions 51-‐60 Direction: In this part of the test, you will read the text and decide which answer: A, B, C or D fits each space There is an example at the beginning (0) A instruction B information C opinion D advice If you want your daughter to succeed, buy her a toy construction set That is the (0) advice from Britain’s (51) … female engineers and scientists Marie-‐Noelle Barton, who heads an Engineering Council campaign to encourage girls into science and engineering, maintains that some of Britain’s most successful women have had their careers (52) … by the toys they played with as children Even girls who end (53) … nowhere near a microchip or microscope could benefit from a better (54) … of science and technology ‘It’s a matter of giving them experience and confidence with technology so that when they are (55) … with a situation requiring some technical know-‐how, they feel they can handle it and don’t just (56) … defeat immediately’, say Mrs Barton ‘I believe that lots of girls feel unsure of themselves when it comes (57) … technology and therefore they might be losing out on jobs because they are reluctant even to apply for them.’ Research recently carried out suggests that scientific and constructional toys should be (58) … to girls from an early age, otherwise the results is ‘socialisation’ into stereotypically female (59) … , which may explain why relative few girls study science and engineering at university in Britain Only 14% of those who have gone for engineering (60) … at university this year are women, although this figure does represent an improvement on the 7% recorded some years ago 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 A foremost A styled A in A hold A approached A admit A for A accessible A characters A options B uppermost B shaped B by B grasp B encountered B allow B to B feasible B parts B alternatives C predominant C built C on C insight C presented C receive C receive C reachable C states C selections D surpassing D modelled D up D realisation D offered D permit D permit D obtainable D roles D preferences PART 4: READING COMPREHENSION Direction: In this part of the test, you will read THREE different passages For questions 21-‐40, you are to choose the best answer A, B, C or D to each question Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage PASSAGE 1-‐ Questions 61-‐67 Southwell in Nottinghamshire is full of surprises The first is Britain’s least-‐known ancient cathedral, Southwell Minster, celebrated by writers of an environmental disposition for the pagan figures of ‘green’ men which medieval craftsmen carved into the decorations in its thirteenth-‐century chapter house The second, appropriately enough, is Britain’s greenest dwelling, the ‘autonomous house’, designed and built by Robert and Brenda Vale The Vales use rainwater for washing and drinking, recycle their sewage into garden compost and heat their house with waste heat from elctrical appliances and their own body heat, together with that of their three teenage children and their two cats, Edison and Faraday You could easily miss the traditional-‐looking house, roofed with clay pantiles, on a verdant corner plot 300 yards rom the Minister It was designed to echo the burnt – orange brick of the town’s nineteenth-‐century buildings and won approval from planners even though it is in a conservation area Ring the solar-‐powered doorbell and there is total silence The house is super-‐insultated, with krypton-‐ filled triple – glazed windows, which means that you not hear a sound inside Once inside and with your shoes off (at Robert’s insistence), there is a monastic stillness It is a sunny summer’s day, the windows are closed and the conservatory is doing its normal job of warming the air before it ventilates the house Vale apologises and moves through the house, opening ingenious ventilation shafts and windows You need to create draughts because draught-‐proofing is everywhere: even Edison and Faraday have their own air-‐locked miniature door The Vales, who teach architecture at Nottingham University, were serious about the environment long before it hit the political agenda They wrote a book on green architecture back in the 1970s, The Autonomous House They began by designing a building which emitted no carbon dioxide Then they got carried away and decided to without mains water as well They designed composting earth closets, lowered rainwater tanks into the cellar, and specified copper gutters to protect the drinking water, which they pass through two filters before use Water from washing runs into the garden (the Vales don’t have a dishwasher because they believe it is morally unacceptable to use strong detergents) Most details have similar statement in mind ‘We wanted people to see that it was possible to design a house which would be far less detrimental to the environment, without having to live in the dark,’ says Robert ‘It would not be medieval.’ The house’s only medieval aspect is aesthetic: the hall, which includes the hearth and the staircase, rises the full height of the building The Vales pay no water bills And last winter the house used only nine units of electricity a day costing about 70p – which is roughly what other four bedroomed houses use on top of heating Soon it wil use even less, when £20,000 worth of solar water heating panels and generating equipment arrive and are erected in the garden The house will draw electricity from the mains supply for cooking and running the appliances, but will generate a surplus of electricity There will even be enough, one day, to charge an electric car The only heaing is a small wood-‐burning stove in the hall, which the Vales claim not to use except in the very coldest weather So is it warm in winter? One night in February when I happened to call on him, Robert was sitting reading It was too warm to light the fire, he said The room temperature on the first floor was 18°C, less than the generally expected temperature of living areas, but entirely comfortable, he claimed, because there are no draughts, no radiant heat loss, since everything you touch is at the same temperature Perceived temperature depends on these factors An Edwardian lady in the early years of the twentieth century was entirely comfortable at 12.5°C, he says, because of the insulation provided by her clothing Those people who live in pre-‐1900 housing, he suggests, should simply go back to living as people did then Somehow, it is difficult to think of this idea catching on The house’s secret is that it is low-‐tech and there is little to go wrong Almost everything was obtained from a builder’s merchant and installed by local craftsmen This made the house cheap to build – it cost the same price per square metre as low-‐cost housing for rent Not surprisingly, the commercial building companies are determinedly resisting this idea 61 According to the writer, the exterior of the Vales’ house is A unique B unattractive C controversial D unremarkable 62 Why did Robert Vale apologise to the writer on his arrival? A The ventilation system had failed B The temperature was uncomfortable C The conservatory was not functioning properly D The draughts were unwelcome 63 What does the writer suggest about environmental issues in the fourth paragraph? A They have always been a difficult topic B They have become a subject of political debate C The Vales have changed their views in recent years D The Vales have begun to take a political interest in the subject 64 What does the writer imply about the decision not to use mains water in the Vales’ house? A It was impractical B It was later regretted C It was an extreme choice D It caused unexpected problems 65 In Robert Vale’s opinion, his home challenges the idea that houses designed with the environment in mind must be A draughty B primitive C small D ugly 66 The planned changes to the house’s electrical system will mean that A the house will produce more electricity than it uses B the Vales will not use electricity from the mains supply C the house will use more electricity than it does now D the Vales’ electricity bills will remain at their current level 67 According to Robert Vale, the house was comfortable in February because A no variations in temperature could be noticed B 18°C was acceptable for ordinary houses C it was not a particular cold winter D he had got used to the temperature PASSAGE 2-‐ Questions 68-‐73 Less than 40 years ago, tourism was encouraged as an unquestionable good With the arrival of package holidays and charter flights, tourism could at last be enjoyed by the masses Yet one day, it seems feasible that there will be no more tourists There will be ‘adventurers’, ‘fieldwork assisstants’, ‘volunteers’ and, of course, ‘travellers’ But the term ‘tourist’ will be extinct There might be those who quietly slip away to foreign lands for nothing other than pure pleasure, but it will be a secretive and frowned upon activity No one will want to own up to being one of those In fact, there are already a few countries prohibiting tourists from entering certain areas where the adverse effects of tourism have already struck Tourists have been charged with bringing nothing with them but their money and wreaking havoc with the local environment It won’t be easy to wipe out this massive, ever growing tribe Today there are more than 700 million ‘tourist arrivals’ each year The World Tourism Organization forecasts that by 2020, there will be 1.56 billion tourists travelling at any one time The challenge to forcibly curtail more than a billion tourists from going where they want is immense It is so immense as tobe futile You cannot make so many economically empowered people stop doing something they want to do unless you argue that it is of extreme damage to the welfare of the world that only the truly malicious, utterly selfish and totally irresponsible would ever even consider doing it This is clearly absurd Whatever benefits or otherwise accrue from tourism, it is not, despite what a tiny minority say, evil I can cause harm It can be morally neutral And it can occasionally, be a force for great good So tourism is being attacked by more subtle methods, by being re-‐branded in the hope we won’t recognise it as the unattractive entity it once was The word ‘tourist’ is being removed from anything that was once called a holiday in the pamphlet that was once called a holiday brochure Adventurers, fieldwork assisstants and volunteers don’t go on holidays ‘Un-‐tourists’ (as I will call them) go on things called ‘cultural experiences’, ‘expeditions’, ‘projects’ and most tellingly, ‘missions’ The word ‘mission’ is perhaps unintentionally, fitting While this re-‐branding is supposed to present a progressive approach to travel, it is firmly rooted in the viewpoint of the Victorian era Like nineteenth-‐century Victorian travellers, the modern day un-‐tourists insists that the main motive behind their adventure is to help others Whereass the mass tourist and the area they visit are condemned as anti-‐ethical and at loggerheads, the ethos of the un-‐tourist and the needs of the area they wander into are presumed to be in tune with each other The re-‐packaging of tourism as meaningful, self-‐sacrificing travel is liberating It allows you to go to all sorts of places that would be ethically out of bounds to a regular tourist under the guise of mission Indeed, the theory behind un-‐tourism relies upon exclusivity; it is all about preventing other people travelling in order that you might legitimise your own travels Mass tourists are, by definition, excluded from parttaking of this new kind of un-‐tourism Pretending you are not doing something that you actually are – i.e going on holiday – is at the heart of the un-‐tourist endeavour Every aspect of the experience has to be disguised So, gone are the glossy brochures Instead the expeditions, projects and adventures are advertised in publications more likely to resemble magazines with a concern in ecological or cultural issues The price is usually well hidde as if there is a reluctance to admit that this is, in essence, a commercial transaction There is something disturbing in having to pay to do good Meaningful contact with and respect for local culture also concerns the un-‐tourist In the third world, respect for the local culture is based on a presumed innate inability within that culture to understand that there are other ways of living to their own They are portrayed, in effect, as being perplexed by our newness, and their culture is presented as so vulnerable that a handful of western tourists poses a huge threat This is despite the fact that many of these cultures are more rooted, ancient and have survived far longer than any culture in the first world None of this ought to matter as un-‐tourism makes up less than 4% of the total tourism industry But un-‐tourists have been so successfully re-‐ branded that they have come to define what it means to be a good tourist All tourism should be responsible towards and respectful of environmental and human resources Some tourist developments, as well as, inevitably, individual tourists, have not been so and should be challenged But instead, a divide is being driven between those few privileged, high-‐paying tourists and the masses There is no difference between them – they are just being packaged as something different Our concern should not be with this small number but with the majority of travellers But why should we bother? We who concern ourselves with this debate are potentially or probably un-‐tourists We aren’t interested in saving leisure time abroad for the majority of people: we’re interested in making ourselves feel good That’s why we’ve succumbed to the re-‐branding of our enjoyment, and refuse to take up a term we believe to be tainted How many times have you owned up to being a tourist? 68 The writer suggests that in the future, A there will be a limited choice of destinations available to tourists B tourists will be required to pay more for any holidays they take C holidays will not exist in the same form as we know them now D people going on holiday to relax will feel obliged to feel ashamed 69 What does the writer say about stopping tourism? A The expansion of the tourism industry will continue B Countries economically dependent on tourism would suffer from any restrictions C The industry will not be able to cope once tourist numbers reach a certain limit D Tourists must be persuaded that having a holiday is ethically wrong 70 According to the writer, the aim of re-‐branding tourism is to A ensure the skills of travellers match the needs of the area they go to B deceive travellers about the purpose of their trip to foreign countries C make travellers aware of the harmful effects of trational tourism D offers types of holidays that bring benefits to poor communities 71 In paragraph four, the writer suggests that ‘un-‐tourists’ are A more concerned with the environmental issues than other tourists B unwilling to pay for the experience of helping people C able to take holiday without a sense of guilt D pressing for the introduction of laws to ban mass tourism 72 The writer states that third world cultures A are unlikely to be disturbed by the presence of foreigners B cannot always comprehend other cultural traditions C risk losing their identity by exposure to tourism D can only be encountered through careful integration 73 According to the writer, the belief that mass tourism is bad has resulted in A more tourists deciding to take holidays in their own country instead B the increasing construction of environmentally friendly tourist resorts C certain people being hypocritical about their reasons for travelling D the possibilty of charging different prices for identical holidays PASSAGE 3-‐ Questions 74-‐80 One minute into the annual inspection and things are already going wrong for the Globe Hotel Not that they know it yet The receptionist reciting room rates over the pone to a potential guest is still blissfully unaware of the identity of the real guest she is doggedly ignoring ‘Hasn’t even acknowledged us,’ Sue Brown says out of the corner of her mouth ‘Very poor.’ It is a classic arrival-‐ phrase error, and one that Sue has encountered scores of times in her 11 years as an inspector ‘But this isn’t an ordinary three-‐star place,’ she protests ‘It has three red stars, and I would expect better.’ To be the possessor of red stars means that the Globe is rated among the top 130 of the 4,000 listed in the hotel guide published by the organisation she works for However, even before our frosty welcome, a chill has entered the air Access from the car park has been via an unmanned door, operated by an impersonal buzzer, followed by a long, twisting, deserted corridor leading to the hotel entrance ‘Again, not what I had expected,’ says Sue Could things get worse? They could ‘We seem to have no record of your booking,’ announces the receptionist, in her best sing-‐song how-‐may-‐I-‐help-‐you voice It turns out that a dozen of the hotel’s 15 rooms are unoccupied that night One is on the top floor It is not to the inspector’s taste: suffiness is one criticism, the other is a gaping panel at the back of the wardrobe, behind which is a large hole in the wall When she began her inspecting career, she earned an early reputation for toughness ‘The Woman in Black, I was known as,’ she recalls, ‘which was funny, because I never used to wear black And I’ve never been too tough.’ Not that you would know it the next morning when, after paying her bill, she suddenly reveaals her identity to the Globe’s general manager, Robin Greaves From the look on his face, her arrival has caused terror Even before she says anything else, he expresses abject apologies for the unpleasant smell in the main lounge ‘We think there’s a blocked drain there,’ he sighs ‘The whole floor will probably have to come up.’ Sue gently suggests that as well as sorting out the plumbing, he might also prevail upon his staff not to usher guests into the room so readily ‘Best, perhaps, to steer them to the other lounge,’ she says Greaves nods with glum enthusiasm and gamely takes notes He has been at the Globe for onlu five months, and you can see him struggling to believe Sue when she says that this dissection of the hotel can only be for the good of the place in the long run Not that it’s all on the negative side Singled out for commendation are Emma, the assistant manager, and Trudy, the young waitress, who dished out a sheaf of notes about the building’s 400-‐year history Dinner, too, has done enough to maintain the hotel’s two-‐rosette food rating, thereby encouraging Greaves to push his luck a bit ‘So what we have to to get three rosettes?’ he enquires Sue’s suggestions include: ‘Not serve a pudding that collapses.’ The brief flicker of light in Greaves’ eyes goes out It is Sue Brown’s uneviable job to voice the complaints the rest of us more cowardly consumers do not have the courage to articulate ‘Sometimes one can be treading on very delicate ground I remember, in one case, a woman rang to complain I’d got her son the sack All I could say was the truth, which was that he’d served me apple pie with his fingers.’ Comeback letters involve spurious allegations of everything, from a superior attitude to demanding bribes ‘You come to expect it after a while, but it hurts everytime,’ she says Sue is required not just to relate her findings to the hotelier verbally, but also to send them a full written report They are, after all, paying for the privilege of her putting them straight (There is an annual fee for inclusion in the guide.) Nevertheless, being singled out for red-‐star treatment makes it more than worthwhile So it is reassuring for Greaves to hear that Sue is not going to recommend that the Globe be stripped of its red stars That is the good news The bad is that another inspector will be back in the course of the next two months to make sure that everything has been put right ‘Good,’ smiles Greaves unconvincingly ‘We’ll look forward to that.’ 74 When Sue Brown arrived at the hotel reception desk, A the receptionist pretended not to notice she was there B she was not surprised by what happened there C she decided not to form any judgements immediately D the receptionist was being impolite on the phone 75 On her arrival at the hotel, Sue was dissatisfied with A the temperature in the hotel B the sound of the receptionist’s voice C the position of the room she was given D the distance from the car park to the hotel 76 What does the writer say about Sue’s reputation? A It has changed B It frightens people C It is thoroughly undeserved D It causes Sue considerable concern 77 When talking about the problem in the main lounge, Robin Greaves A assumes that Sue is unaware of it B blames the problem on other people C doubts that Sue’s comments will be of benefit to the hotel D agrees that his lack of experience has contributed to the problem 78 When Sue makes positive comments about the hotel, Robin Greaves A agrees with her views on certain members of his staff B becomes hopeful that she will increase its food rating C finds it impossible to believe that she means them D reminds her that they outweigh her criticisms of it 79 Angry reactions to Sue’s comments on hotels A are something she always finds upsetting B sometimes make her regret what she has said C are often caused by the fact that the hotels have to pay for them D sometimes indicate that people have not really understood them 80 When Sue leaves the hotel, Robin Greaves A is confident that next inspection will be better B feels he has succeeded in giving her a good impression C decides to ignore what she has told him about the hotel D tries to look pleased that there will be another inspection PART 5: WRITING Sentence combining -‐ Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best joins each o f the following pairs o f sentences in each o f the following questions 81 Many insects have no vocal apparatus in their throats However, they make sounds A Many insects make sounds so that they have no vocal apparatus in their throats B The reason why many insects make sounds is that they have no vocal apparatus in their throats C Since many insects can make sounds, they have no vocal apparatus in their throats D Many insects make sounds despite having no vocal apparatus in their throats 82 This spot seems quiet now Nevertheless, you ought to see it when the tourists are here in May! A Quiet though this spot seems now, you ought to see it when the tourists are here in May! B Quiet this spot seems now though, you ought to see it when the tourists are here in May! C You ought to see this spot when the tourists are here in May even though seeming quiet now! D Though this spot seems quiet now, but you ought to see it when the tourists are here in May! 83 Flora was alone in her tiny room again She couldn't help crying a little A Flora couldn't help crying a little as to be alone again in her tiny room B Flora couldn't help crying a little during being alone in her tiny room again C Alone again in her tiny room, Flora couldn't help crying a little D Being alone again in her tiny room, and then Flora couldn't help crying a little 84 Kathy knew that she might have embarrassed me Therefore, she blushed A Kathy blushed, for knowing that she might have embarrassed me B Kathy blushed, aware that she might have embarrassed me C Kathy, to have blushed, was aware that she might have embarrassed me D Kathy knew while blushing that she might have embarrassed me 85 I do my homework and school work in separate books I don’t get muddled up A I do not get muddled up due to the separation between homework and school work B I would get muddled up if I did not separate homework from school work C I do my homework and schoolwork in separate books so that I don't get muddled up D Having two separate books at home and at work helps me avoid getting muddled up 86 Overeating is a cause of several deadly diseases Physical inactivity is another cause of several deadly diseases A Not only overeating but also physical inactivity may lead to several deadly diseases B Apart from physical activities, eating too much also contributes to several deadly diseases C Both overeating and physical inactivity result from several deadly diseases D Overeating and physical inactivity are caused by several deadly diseases 87 Most scientists know him well However, very few ordinary people have heard of him A Many ordinary people know him better than most scientists do B Although he is well known to scientists, he is little known to the general public C He is the only scientist that is not known to the general public D Not only scientists but also the general public know him as a big name 88 Nam defeated the former champion in three sets He finally won the inter-‐school table tennis championship A Being defeated by the former champion, Nam lost the chance to play the final game of inter-‐ school table tennis championship B Having defeated the former champion in the inter-‐school table tennis, Nam did not hold the title of champion C Having defeated the former champion in three sets, Nam won the inter-‐school table tennis championship, D Although Nam defeated the former champion in three sets, he did not win the title of inter-‐ school table tennis champion Sentence builiding -‐ Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the best way to make meaning sentences with the words provided 89 They/ partially/ damage/ cause/ lack/ technical knowledge/ A They partially have repaired the damage causing the lack of technical knowledge B They partially repaired the damage caused by the lack of technical knowledge C They have partially repaired the damage caused the lack of technical knowledge D They have partially repaired the damage caused by the lack of technical knowledge 90 beach/ go/ first day/ holiday/ cover/ seaweed/ smell/ a lot A The beach which we went to on the first day of our holiday covered by seaweed smelled a lot B The beach we went on the first day of our holiday was covered by seaweed which smelled a lot C The beach we went to on the first day of our holiday was covered by seaweed which smelled a lot D The beach we went to on the first day of our holiday was covered by seaweed smelled a lot 91 committee/ member/ resent/ treat/ that/ A The committee members resented to treat as that B The committee members resented to be treat as that C The committee members resented to be treat like that D The committee members resented being treated like that 92 It/ time/ people/ build/ permission A It's high time we prevented people from building houses without permission B It's time for people stop building their houses without permission C It's time we prevented people to build their houses without permission D It's about time we should stop people building houses without permission 93 have/ succeed/ interview/ hope/ work/ soon A She's succeeded in the interview so as to hope working soon B She's succeeded in the interview so that she hopes working soon C Had succeeded in the interview, she hopes that she works soon D Having succeeded in the interview, she hopes to start work soon 94 What/hate/most/answer/call/midnight A What do you hate when you answering call at midnight? B What I hate the most is answering a phone call at midnight C What make me hate most to answer a phone call at midnight D What is hated by most of people is answering a phone call at midnight Sentence transformation -‐ Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is CLOSEST in meaning to the sentence in bold 95 Everyone in our class is doing something at the end-‐of-‐term concert, but Mary alone is staying away A Mary is the only one in our class who isn't taking part in the end-‐of-‐term concert B No one in our class but Mary is taking part in the end-‐of-‐term concert C Everyone in Mary's class hopes to do something at the end-‐of-‐term concert D The class wants Mary to play in the concert at the end-‐of-‐term, but she won't 96 I have read nearly all of Dickens's novels and A Tale of Two Cities is my favourite A In my opinion, A Tale of Two Cities is quite the best of all the novels by Dickens B Of all the novels by Dickens that I have read, and that's most of them, A Tale of Two Cities remains my favourite C I've read a lot more novels by Dickens and still think A Tale of Two Cities is the best D I've read a great many novels but haven't enjoyed any as much as Dickens's A Tale of Two Cities 97 I wasn't early enough to find anyone at home awake A I didn't expect to find anyone awake when I got home B When I got home, I found everyone awake, waiting for me C When I got home late, I used to find my family sleeping D By the time I arrived home, everyone had gone to sleep 98 I'd have worn the right shoes if I'd known we were going to do all this climbing A I'd have gone on the climb if I'd been wearing the right shoes B If only I'd been wearing suitable shoes, I would have enjoyed the climb C As I didn't realize there was going to be so much climbing, I didn't come in suitable shoes D I didn't realize that these shoes weren't right for climbing in 99 By modern standards, the first supermarkets were really quite small A Compared with what we have now, the early supermarkets weren't actually very large at all B The early supermarkets and the present-‐day ones are quite different from each other, even in size C Present-‐day supermarkets are on the whole larger than the early ones D Supermarkets have grown in size since they were first introduced, but their standards remain the same 100 I just can't understand why so few people are interested in this camping holiday A I find it surprising that there aren't fewer people interested in such a camping holiday B Hardly anyone wants to go on this camping holiday, which I find strange C It's hardly surprising that so few people are interested in this camping holiday D To my surprise almost no one was interested in such a camping holiday 10