THÌ ĐỘNG TỪ THÌ KHẲNG ĐỊNH PHỦ ĐỊNH NGHI VẤN NHẬN BIẾT HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN S + V(s/es) S + is/am/are I/You/We/They + V She/He/It + Vs/es Ta thêm “es” sau O, X, S, SH, CH, Z S + do/does + not + V S + is/am/are + not I/You/We/They + + not She/He/It + does is/am/are + S? Do/Does + S + V? Always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, rarely, every day/week/month, generally, frequently… HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN S + is/am/are + V_ing S + is/am/are + not + V_ing is/am/are + S + V_ing? HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH S+have/has + V3/ed I/You/We/They + have She/He/It + has S + have/has + not + V3/ed (Since – QKĐ – “,” – HTHT) have/has + S + V3/ed? S + have/has + not + been +V_ing have/has + S + been + V_ing? S + were/was + not S + didn’t + v Were/was + S? Did+S + V? Last week/month/year, in the past, ago, yesterday In+ thời gian khứ… were/was + S + V_ing? While, at that very moment, at + TG + TĐiểm, and this morning… (HTHT – Since –QKĐ) HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH S+ have/has + been + V_ing S+V2/ed S + were/was You/We/They + were I/She/He/It + was S + were/was + V_ing S + were/was + not + V_ing (QKTD – When –QKĐ) (QKĐ - While – QKTD) (when - QKĐ - “,” - QKTD) (while – QKTD – “,” - QKĐ) S + had + V3/ed (Hành động trước dùng HAD + V3/ed, Hành động sau dùng V2/ed) S + had + not + V3/ed Had + S + V3/ed (QKHT –Before – QKĐ) (Before – QKĐ- “,”- QKHT) (QKĐ – after -QKHT) (after – QKHT – “,” – QKĐ) Now, right now, at the moment,at present, at this time, listen!, hurry!, look! Since + điểm thời gian For + khoảng thời gian Already, ever, never, yet, just, recently/lately, so far/until now/up to now/up to the present… How long, since, for, all day, all week, for a long time, almost every day this week, recently, laely, in recent year, up until now, and so far After, before, when, as soon as, once, by the time, no sooner….than (vừa mới…thì) it was not until…that…(mãi cho tới…mới) QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN S + had + been + V_ing S + had + not + been + V_ing Had + S + been + V_ing Until then, by the time, prior to that time, before, after… TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN S + will/shall + V S + will/shall + not + V will/shall + S + V? Tomorrow, tonight, next week/month/year, some day, in the future… TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN S + will/shall + be + V_ing S + will/shall + not + be + V_ing will/shall + S + be + V_ing? In the future, next year, next week, next time, and soon TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH S + will/shall + have + V3/ed S + will/shall + not + have + V3/ed will/shall + S + have + V3/ed? By + time: by then, by the time, by the end of this week/month/year TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN S + will/shall + have + been + V_ing S + will/shall + not + have + been + V_ing will/shall + S + have + been + V_ing? For + khoảng thời gian + by/ before + mốc thời gian tương lai