TYPE THE DOCUMENT TITLE 2 “Someone should/ had better/ ought to” Advise on V-ing Encourage sb to V Tom said: “You should/ought to take a taxi, Mary” -> Tom advised Mary to take a taxi..
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Câu yêu cầu, đề nghị, lời khuyên, lời hứa, lời mời… trong lời nói gián tiếp thường được tường thuật lại bằng:
V + to V
V + V_ing
Áp dụng 3 quy tắc căn bản khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp
Trực tiếp Gián tiếp
“Can/ could/ will/ would you
please?”
“Would/ do you mind + V-ing?
Câu mệnh lệnh (chỉ có động từ)
Ask/ tell+ sb+ (not) + to V
“Please don’t tell anybody what happened”, he said to me
-> He asked/ told me not to tell anybody what had happened
“Stay in bed for a few days”, the doctor said to me
-> The doctor asked/ told me to stay in bed for a few days
Ngoài “ask/ tell”, chúng ta có thể sử dụng các động từ trần thuật khác: “order, command, request, beg, plead”
“Please don’t take any risks”, said his wife
His wife begged/ pleaded with him not to take any risks
Câu đề nghị
Trực tiếp Gián tiếp
“Shall I/we ?”
“Can I ?”
“ I will…”
offer to V
They said: “We will pay for the meal”
They offered to pay for the meal
Câu lời khuyên
Trực tiếp Gián tiếp
REPORTED SPEECH PART 3
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“Someone should/ had better/ ought
to”
Advise on V-ing Encourage sb to V
Tom said: “You should/ought to take a taxi, Mary”
-> Tom advised Mary to take a taxi
“Go on, apply for the job”, said Jack to me
-> Jack urged/encouraged me to apply for the job
Câu lời hứa
Trực tiếp Gián tiếp
John said: “I will write to you”
-> John promised to write to me
Câu mời
Trực tiếp Gián tiếp
“Would you like ?”
“… , please”
Invite sb to V
“Would you like to go out for lunch?”, she said to me
-> She invited me to go out for lunch
Câu nhắc nhở
Trực tiếp Gián tiếp
Don’t forget…
Remember to…
Never forget to…
Remind sb to V
“Don’t forget to order the win”, said Mrs Pitt to her husband
-> Mrs Pitt reminded her husband to order the wine
Một số động từ trần thuật được theo sau trực tiếp bởi “to+V-inf”: offer, agree, demand, guarantee, promise, propose, swear, threaten, volunteer
Ex: “I will help you”, she said to me
-> She agreed to help me
Ex: “I will kill you if you do not give me all of your money”, she said to me
-> She threatened to kill me if I did not give her all of my money
Một số động từ trần thuật được theo sau bởi “object + to + V-inf”: advise, ask, command, encourage, expect, forbid, instruct, invite, order, persuade, remind, request, urge, want
“You should go now”, she shouted at me
=> She asked me to go then
Danh động từ (V-ing) được dùng sau “admit, advise, apologize for, insist on, recommend, suggest”
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“You should read a number of books before the exam”, Jack said
-> Jack recommended reading a number of books before the exam
“Shall we go to a cafeteria?”, Claire said
-> Claire suggested going to a cafeteria
Mệnh đề “that” (that-clause) có thể được dùng sau: admit, advise, agree insist, promise, remind, suggest, warn
“It’s true that I forgot the shopping”, Trevor said
-> Trevor admitted (that) he had forgotten the shopping
NOTE: Nếu theo sau “advise” có tân ngữ, ta sử dụng cấu trúc
“Advise somebody + to V-inf ’
nhưng nếu không có tân ngữ thì theo sau, thì ta dùng cấu trúc:
“Advise (on/about) + V-ing”
“It’s great idea to buy this book”, Jon said to me
=> Jon advised me to buy that book
“It’s great idea to buy this book”, Jon said
=> Jon advised on buying that book
PRACTICE: Change these following sentences into reported speech
1 “Could you please give me the pocket next to you?”, said the guy in black (asked)
2 “Would you mind opening the doors for me?”, said the girl (ordered)
3 “Is there anything I can help, Henry?”, said the teacher (offered)
4 “Don’t worry if you miss the bus”, said Kent (told)
5 “If I were you, I wouldn’t lend John any money”, said my friend (advised)
6 “It’s better not to neglect the deadline”, the teacher said (warned)
7 “Never make such silly mistakes again”, my mother said (told)
8 “We will drive you home tomorrow”, Jane’s parents said to me (offered)
9 “You ‘d better apply for that scholarship as you are qualified enough”, Mr Jon said to his students
(encouraged)
10 “Let me do the laundry for you”, my sister said to me (insisted)
11 “We will finish all practice questions you gave us last week by tonight”, the students said to their
teacher (promised)
12 “I will never let you down again”, the daughter said to her mom (promised)
13 “Would you like to go out with me next Sunday?”, my boyfriend said (invited)
14 “Some cakes?”, the host said to his guests (invited)
15 “Never forget to buy some foods for dinner”, the woman said to her husband (reminded)
16 “Remember to do the laundry before you leave”, Kenny said to me (reminded)
17 “I will report you to the boss if you miss your deadline once more”, my leader said (threatened)
18 “I will go with you if you give me $5”, the boy said to his mom (agreed)
19 “You can’t go out after 10 p.m.”, my mother said (forbade)
20 “It’s me who broke the window”, the naughty boy said (admitted)
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22 “Sorry for disappointing you yesterday”, Ory said to his partner (apologized)
23 “I didn’t steal your money, dad”, the son said (denied)
24 “Let’s play Uno when we come home”, Tony said (suggested)
KEY:
1 The guy in black asked me to give him the pocket next to me
2 The girl ordered me to open the doors for her
3 The teacher offered to help Henry
4 Kent told Jinny not to worry if she missed the bus
6 The teacher warned me not to neglect the deadline
7 My mother told me not to make such silly mistakes again
8 Jane’s parents offered to drive me home the following day
9 Mr Jon encouraged his students to apply for that scholarship as they were qualified enough
10 My sister insisted on doing the laundry for me
11 The students promised to finish all practice questions their teacher had given them the previous week by that night
13 My boyfriend invited me to go out with him the following Sunday
14 The host invited his guests to eat some cakes
16 Kenny reminded me to do the laundry before I left
17 My leader threatened to report me to the boss if I missed my deadline once more
18 The boy agreed to go with his mom if she gave him $5
19 My mother forbade me to go out after 10 p.m
22 Ory apologized to his partner for having disappointed him/ her the previous day
23 The son denied having stolen his dad’s money
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