Các đề thi theo hình thức tự luận môn lịch sử phần 2

Sir thay doi do bidu hien r5 nhat trong viec giai quyet moi quan he giOa hai nhiem vu ehien lupc ciia each mang la ch6'ng d6' quoc va ch6'ng phong kien nham xac dinh muc tidu cu th^ eua

DE SO

19

TRl/CJN

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AO DA

NG SU

P HA

M T RU

NG I/O

NG N

diem) g Duon n Don n da a nha , cii h mang a eac c cu chi6'n luo m vu - Nhie

phan don

g thuo

c dia , chdn

g pha

t xit , chdn

g ngu

y co chidn tranh

c ting

Idp, dan

g phai , ca nhan, k

e ca nhOng ngud

i Pha

p cd

- Kha

u hiau : Ta

chia cho dan cay ngheo, giam to, giam tiJc; kh^u hieu lap chinh quy^n X6

vi6t c6ng - n6ng - binh dugc thay th6' bang khiu hi6u la^ chinh quy6n dan chu c6ng hoa (0,25 diem)

- Tap hop luc luqmg: Dang chu trirong thanh lap Mat tran thd'ng nha't

Dan toe phan 66 D6ng Duomg (11 - 1939) thay th6' cho Mat tran dan chu

Dong Duomg H6i nghi Trung uong Ian 8 (5 - 1941) chu tnrong thanh lap mat tran dan toe th6'ng nhat rieng cho m6i nu6c Vi6t Nam, Lao, Campuehia

de giai quyfi't va'n de dan t6c trong tiJmg nudfc, thanh lap Viet Nam doe lap

d6ng minh; eac doan the eiia Mat tran deu mang ten Cihi qu6c (0,25 diem)

- Phuong phap dau tranh: Chuyen tir dau tranh doi dan sinh, dan chii sang da'u tranh danh do chinh quySn eua de qu6'e va tay sai; tir hoat dong hap phap, nira hop phap sang hoat dong bi mat, bat hop phap; den Hoi nghi Trung uong Ian 8, Dang eoi ehuan bi khoi nghTa gianh ehinh quyen la nhi6m

vu trung tam hang dSu etia toan Dang, toan dan (0,25 diem)

- K6't luan: Do tmh hinh the gidi va trong nude thay doi, noi dung

chuyen huong da'u tranh ciia Dang trong thbi ki 1939 - 1945 cung thay d6i

so v6i thcd ki 1936 - 1939 Sir thay doi do bidu hien r5 nhat trong viec giai quyet moi quan he giOa hai nhiem vu ehien lupc ciia each mang la ch6'ng d6' quoc va ch6'ng phong kien nham xac dinh muc tidu cu th^ eua each mang, de

ra hinh thiic tap hop luc luong sat hop va viec xac dinh phuong phap eua

each mang (0,25 diem)

Cau n Trong hoan canh nao Chu tich Ho Chi Minh phat dong cuoc khang

- Dang, Chinh phii va nhan dan ta muon hoa binh, xay dung dat nude

nen da nhan nhugng ki ket Hiep dinh So bo (6 3 1946) va Tam ude (14 9

-1946) Song thire dan Phap boi \x6c, tiJmg bu6c lah t6i xam lupc, ta'n c6ng ta o

Hai Phong, Lang San, chiem m6t so co quan eiia ta or Ha N6i, gay ra vu tham

sat or pho Hang Bun, giri toi hau thu cho Chinh phu ta y6u cSu phai giai giap

lilc lupng tu ve, doi quydn kiem soat a Thu d6 Ha N6i (0,75 diem)

- Trude tinh tinh nay, nhan dan ta c6 hai con duofng phai lua chpn:

hoae la dau hang, chiu trd lai lam no le, hoac la toan dan cam vu khf, danh

duoi thuc dan Phap gifl vung doe lap Thuc dan Phap da bupc nhan dan ta phai diing iSn chien da'u d^ bao v6 chinh quydn each mang, bao ve d6e lap tu

do cua T6 qudc Dang, Chin

Cau I II Si

i than

h lap , mu

c dich , nguye

n ta

c hoa

t dong , c

o cu

a Lie

n ho

p qudc (3,

0 diem)

* Su thanh lap:

n Phranxixe

d (Mi

) 6i

thdng qua Hien ehuong

Lien

hop qude va tuyen bd thanh lap to chiic Li6n hop qudc Nga

y 2

4 10

- 1945

,

Hien ehuong

dupe Qudc hdi cu

a 5 nude Idn thdng qua va ed hieu luc, nga

y

dd trd thanh ngay thanh lap Lien hop qudc Tr

n na

m 1997, Lie

-5 diem)

* Muc dich cua

Lien hap qudc: du

e da

y

cac mdi qua

diem)

* Nguyen tac hoat

p v

a Trun

g Qudc)

(0,5

diem)

* Cacd'u

to chiic cua Lien

i ddn

g Kin

h t

e Xa hdi, Hd

a 3 co quan sau:

+ Dai hoi dong:

Gdm tat c

t ddn

g thudn

g xuy6n Mp

true la

Lien

X6

(nay la Lien bang Nga), M I , Anh, Phap va Trung Qudc mod duoc th6ng qua va

cogiatri (0,75 diem)

+ Ban Thu ki: Ca quan hanh chinh - t6 chiic cua Lien hop qu6'c dutig

ddu la Tdng thu k i vdi nhidm k i 5 nam

* Vai trd cua Lien hop qudc:

- La didn dan quoc t€, vvca hop tac, vura dau tranh nhlim duy tri hoa

binh va an ninh the gidri

- Gop phan giai quyet cac vu tranh chSfp va xung d6t qudc te, khu vuc

- Co dong gop dang ke vao viec thiic day mdi quan he hCru nghi va hop

tac, giup d5 cac dan tdc ve kinh t6, van hoa, y te, nhan dao (0,75 diem)

PHAN T l / C H O N

Cau IV.a Nhiem vu each mang cua hai mien Nam - Bac Viet Nam va

moi quan he cua each mang hai mien (2,5 diem)

* Nhiem vu each mang cua hai mien (1,5 diem)

- Do da't nude tarn thdi bi chia cat lam hai mi^n, Dang va Chmh phu

da de ra cho each mang mdi mi^n nhiitig nhiem vu chien luoc phii hop vdi

dac diem tinh hinh va yeu cSu cua each mang timg mi6n (0,25 diem)

- Mi6n Bac: Nhiem vu chie'n luge cua each mang mi6n Bac la cai

each ruong da't, han gan vet thuong chie'n tranh, khdi phuc kinh t6, chuyen

sang lam each mang XHCN Mien BSc vijra phai bao ve minh, xSy dung thanh can cii dia va hSu phuong cua ca nude, vijra phai phdi hop vdi cudc

chien da'u giai phdng mien Nam (0,75 diem)

- Mi6n Nam: Tie'p tuc hoan thanh each mang dan tdc dan chu nhan

dan, danh dd ach thong tri ciia M I va tay sai de giai phdng mien Nam, thue

hitn thdng nha't da't nude (0,5 diem)

* Moi quan he cua each mang hai mien: (1 diem)

- Nhiem vu each mang mdi mien cung la nhiem vu chung cua each mang ca nude Tuy nhien, each mang mdi mien ed vai trd va vi tri khae nhau

(025 diem)

+ Cach mang mi^n BSc cd quyet dinh nha't dd'i vdi su phat trien ciia

each mang ca nude (0,25 diem)

+ Cac

h man

g miln Nam giiJ va

g nha't, d

g ruon

g b

i ta

n pha, b

c hau, l

khdc phuc hau qua

u con

g trinh, nh

c hiJ

u ho

a nga

n hang, do

c c

o s

o con

g nghiep, ca

Di so 20

PHAN CHUNG CHO TAT CA CAC THI SINK

Cau I Phan tich nhumg tac dong cua tinh hinh the gidi den each mang Viet Nam sau Chien tranh the gidi thur nhat (2 diem)

— Thang led cua Cach mang thang Mucri Nga 1917 lam mng chuyfo ca

the gidi, thiic tinh cac dan toe phuong Dong trong do c6 Viet Nam (0^ diem)

— Phong trao giai phong dan toe, phong trao dau tranh vi dan sinh dan

chii a eae nudfe tu ban kh6ng ngijmg dupe d^y manh Giai cap cong nhan bude len vu dai lich su (0^ diem)

— Quoc te Cong san thanh lap (3/1919) tao ra nhihig thuan Ipi Idn cho

each mang thudc dja, trong do ed Viet Nam (0^ diem)

— Dang Cong san Phap, Dang C6ng san Trung Qud'e ra ddfi tao thuan

lai cho vice truydn ba tu tucmg Mac - Lenin vao Viet Nam (0^ diem)

Cau II Nhfirng bai hoc liinh nghiem cua Cach mang th^ng Tam 1945 Dang ta van dung nhumg bai hoc do trong khang chien chong Ml nhu thenao? (2,0 diem)

* Bai hoc kinh nghiem:

— Nam viJng ngpn cb doe lap dan tde va chii nghia xa hdi, giai quye't

tot moi quan he dan toe dan chu, dua nhiem vu chd'ng de' quoc va tay sai len

hang dau (0^ diem)

— Bie't to chlie, tap hpp lue lupng, xay dung khoi edng - nong lien minh,

thanh lap Mat tran dan tpc thong nh^t, biet phan hoa va c6 lap ke thii (0^ diem)

— Nam viing va van dung sang tao quan diem bao lue each mang eiia chii nghia Mae - Lenin (bao lue chinh tri, bao lue vu trang, chie'n tranh du

kich, khoi nghia timg phan, ehdrp thdri ca ) (0,5 diem)

* Dang ta van dung trong khang chien chong Phdp, chong Mi:

(thanh lap Mat tran Lien Viet, Mat tran DTGPMNVN, giai quyet tot nhiem

vu dan tpc dan chii, tCmg bude eai each rupng da't, ket hpp da'u tranh vu trang

vdi da'u tranh chinh tri, ngoai giao ) (0,5 diem)

Cau II

i dung , y nghia Ijc

p du

a r

a ke' hoac

o khan

g chi6

h thSn

g lai Dan

PHAN TI/CHO

N

Cau IV.a Ca

* Cac giai doan

- Tir 1960 - 1975: Nam 1960 dxxgc coi la nam chau Phi \6i 17 niidrc

gianh dirge d6e lap, mor dSu eho m6t giai doan phat tri^n mod ciia phong trao

giai phong dan t6c b ehau Phi Vdd vide ra dcd eua eae nudrc C6ng hoa

Angdla, M6dambich, chu nghia thue dan ki^u cu co ban da sup d6 of chau

Phi (0^ diem)

- Tir nam 1975 - 1991: Day la giai doan hoan thanh cu6c dau tranh

danh d6 chii nghia thue dan cu d^ gianh lai n6n d6c lap dan t6c Day cung la

giai doan cac nude chau Phi dang gap kho khan trong viSc phat tri^n dat

nirdfe: ngheo doi, htnh tat, ng nude ngoai, bung n6 dan s6', xung d6t sdc t6c

( 0 ^ diem)

* Dac diem: (1,0 diem)

- Cac nu6c a chau Phi da thanh lap dugc T6 chiie th^ng nha't chau Phi

(OAU) va to ehiic nay gift vai tro quan trgng trong vi6c thue ddy each mang

cua cac nude chau Phi (0,25 diem)

- Lanh dao phong trao giai phong dan t6e d^u do eae ehinh dang hoac

t6 chiie ciia giai ca'p tu san dan t6c lanh dao (0,25 diem)

- Hinh thurc da'u tranh gianh d6e lap chii yg'u th6ng qua da'u tranh

chinh tri hop phap, thuong lugng (0,25 diem)

- Miic d6 doe lap va su phat tri^n gifla cac nude kh6ng d6ng deu nhau

(0,25 diem)

Cau IV.b Phan tich nguyen nhan d^n den su sup do cua che do xa hoi chu

nghia a Lien X6 va cac nu6c Dong Au Nhan xet su sup do do? (3,0 diem)

* Nguyen nhan: (2,0 diem)

- Kh6ng t6n trgng dSy du cac quy luat khach quan \i nin kinh t^ - xa

h6i; chii quan, duy y chi, thue hi6n eo eh6' tap trung quan li6u bao cap thay

cho CO che' thi trucmg, lam cho n6n kinh te' dat nudte thie'u tinh nang d6ng,

san xua't tri trd, dod s6'ng nhan dan kh6ng dugc cai thidn, thidu dan chu, vi

pham phap ch6' xa h6i chii nghia (1^ diem)

- Kh6ng bat kip su phat tri^n ciia khoa hgc - k i thuat hi6n dai dua tod

su khiing hoang trSm trgng hon (0,25 diem)

- Do boat d6ng chd'ng pha ciia cac thfi' luc thu dieh trong va ngoai nudrc Cu6c ta'n c6ng hoa binh ma chung thucmg ggi la cu6c "Cach mang

nhung" (025 diim)

- H

e

thong xa hoi ch

a nha

n van, l

21

TR ir 6N G

C AO

AN

G SI / P HA

M QU AN

G NG AI

- N AM

2006

Cau I Trin

% ma

y md

c c6n

g nghiep, 25

h cii

a th

e gidf

i (MI, Ta

y Au, Nha

t Ban), d

a vuof

t MI Han

g ho

a Nha

t t

i Jr do c6 su

Nhu vay, tit mot nude chie'n bai, nhilng sau vai ba thSp nien, Nhat Ban

da viron len thanh mOt sieu cucmg kinh te, nhieu ngirdi goi do la "than ki

Nhat Ban" (0,25 diern)

* Nguyen nhdn cua sitphdt trien (1,5 diem)

- Nhat Ban loi dung von na6c ngoai dd phat tri^n nhung nganh cong nghi6p then chot nhir: co khi, luyen kim, hoa cha't, dien tu Ngoai ra, Nhat

ft phai chi tieu v6 quan su (do Mi ganh vac) va bien che nha nude gon nhe

nen eo dieu kien tap trung von dau tu vao kinh te' (0,5 diem)

- Nhat biet Iqi dung nhung thanh tuu khoa hoe, ki thuat de tang nang

suat, eai tien ki thuat nham ha gia thanh hang hoa (0,25 diem)

- Biet "len laeh", xam nhap vao thi trucmg cac nude khac, qua do

khong ngimg md rong thi truomg tren khSp the' gidi (0,25 diem)

- Nhung eai each dan ehii sau chie'n tranh (cai each ruong dat, xoa bo

tan tich phong kie'n ) da thiic day kinh te' Nhat Ban phat trien (0,25 diem)

- Truyen thong "tu luc, tu cudng" vuon len xay dung dat nude giau

manh trong nhung hoan canh het siic khd khan ciia nhan dan Nhat Ban ke tir

Minh Tri duy tan (0,25 diem)

Cau II Trlnh bay dien bien, liet qua, y nghla lich su cua cliien dich Bien

gidi thu - dong 1950 (3,0 diem)

* Dien bien: (1,5 diem)

- De tranh thu nhung dieu kien thuan loi, khSe phuc tinh trang bi bao

vay tit ben trong, d^y manh cuOc khang chien phat trien sang mdt giai doan

mdi, thang 5 - 1950, Dang, Chinh phii, Bo Tong tu lenh quye't dinh md chie'n dich Bien gidi Chie'n dich duge md theo hudng Cao Bang - Lang Son nhSm muc dich: tieu diet sinh lue dich, khai thong bien gidi Viet - Trung, eung ed

va md rong can cu dia Viet - Bae (0,25 diem)

- Tliudng vu Trung uong Dang va Chii tieh Ho Chi Minh true tie'p nghien cuu, phe ehuan, chi dao toan bo chie'n dich, huy dong toan bo siic ngudi siic ciia phue vu tien tuyen va thue hien su phO'i hop chie'n trudng toan

qudc de dam bao chien dich toan thang (0,25 diem)

- Sang sdm 16 - 9 - 1950, quan ta no sung danh cum cii diem Dong

Khe, md man chien dich Sau 54 gid chie'n dau, sang 18 - 9 - 1950, bo dpi ta

da tieu diet hoan toan cum cii diem Dong Khe, day quan dich vao the' nguy

a dich, qua

n t

a ma

i phuc, kie

n dich, dan

o hoa

n toa

n ke' hoac

h ni

t qua

n cu

a chung Ti

n Chau T

a tm

y kich, tie

-n kh

u

V, Na

m B6), qua

m 8

tie'u doa

n

Au Phi v

g vd

i 3

5 va

n dan The' ba

u f^iuon

g cu

a ta kh6ng ngCm

- Vd

i chie'

n dic

h Bie

n gidi, quy^

6 d6

i ta lien tu

Cau III So sanh chien luoc "Chien tranh dSc biet" va chien luac

"Chien tranh cue bo" cua Mi (4,0 di^m)

*Giongnhau (0^ diem)

- Ca hai chie'n lirgc d^u la chie'n tranh x^m luac thuc dan mdi cua

Ml, nham bie'n mi^n Nam Viet Nam thanh thu6c dia ki^u mdri cua chung

*Khdcnhau (3^ diem)

- V6 quy mo chien tranh: "Chi6'n tranh dac biet" chii y6u duoc tiS'n

hanh b miSn Nam, con "Chi6'n tranh cue bo" duac mo r6ng ca mi6n Bac

- Tinh chat ac liet: Chie'n luge "Chie'n tranh cue b6" ac liet hon chie'n

luge "Chie'n tranh dac biet", th^ hien b muc tieu, luc lugng tham gia, vQ khi,

hoa luc

+ Tie'n hanh hang loat cac cu6e hanh quan "tim diet" va "binh dinh" vao "Da't thanh Viet c6ng", tie'n hanh chie'n tranh pha hoai mi6n Bac xa h6i chii nghia

+ Linh Ml CO mat cf mi^n Nam vao cu6'i nam 1967 len tdi 537.000 ten

+ Mi sir dung ph6 bien vu khf hien dai nha't, hoa luc manh ca tren b6, tren kh6ng va tren biln

- Chie'n luge "Chien tranh dac biet" duge tien hanh bang quan d6i tay sai duori su chi huy e6' va'n quan su Mi va dua vao vu khi, trang bi ki thuat, phuong tien chien tranh ciia Mi, nham thue hien am muu eo ban la "dung nguod Viet Nam danh ngucri Viet Nam" Chung mor mang va "binh dinh"

mien Nam MI coi "a'p chie'n luge" la "qu6'c sach" nham d£y luc lugng each mang ra khoi xa ap Chie'n luge "Chie'n tranh cue b6" duge tie'n hanh bang

luc lugng quan vien chinh Mi, quan d6i m6t s6' nude phu thu6e Mi va quan nguy tay sai cf mi^n Nam Trong do, quan Mi giu vai tro quan trgng va khdng ngijmg tang len ve s6' lugng, trang bi, nham chdng lai cac; luc lugng each mang va nhan dan ta tren ca hai mien Nam - Bac

so

22

TRUdNG CAO DANG

AN THU"

L UU T RC T

W I -N AM

2006

Cau I Tron

? (3,0

diem)

* Giuffng cao ngpn

c&dpc lap dan tgc

ddn toe

(Chu y:

khong neu Hoi nghi

Trung vtang

7 thi chdm chuac)

dd't cho ddn cay"

n truy6n

* Xdy dung vd

phdt trien luc luang

vu trang, can cic

phong qudn

ra dori

- Than

g 3

- 1945, Dan

- Than

g 5

- 1945, ho

p nha

t Viet

Nam Tuyen truyen gidi

qudn

- Than

g 6

- 1945, Kh

* Nhd chudn hi

chu ddo nen khi

thcfi ca den, Dang

da Idnh dqo nhdn

ddn

tdng khdi lighia (0,25

diem)

Cau I

chien chong Phap va can thiep

khdng chien

ciia Ho Chii tjc

h (1

9 12

- 1946), Ba

n ch

i th

i

Toan dan khdng chien cua Ban Cha'p hanh Trung uong Dang ngay 22 12

-1946 va trong tac phdm Khdng chien nhd't dink thany led cua dong chi Trirong Chinh (0,25 diem)

- Todn dan: W Icfi ich cua nhSn dan, do nhSn dan tien hanh Phat huy

siic manh doan ket dan t6c trong mat tran thong nha't (0,5 diem)

-Todn dien: Ta phai danh dich tr6n tat ca cac mat tran quan su, chinh

tri, ngoai giao nham phat huy siic manh toan dan (0,5 diem)

- Ldu ddi: Buoi dau ta y6'u, dich manh khSc phuc nhuoc di^m do,

ta phai danh lau dai de lam that bai am muu "danh nhanh, thdng nhanh" cua

dich Danh lau dai se khac phuc duac nhirotc diem tam ihb'i cua ta ve vat chat, ki thuat, de phat huy im the cua ta ve chinh tri, tinh thdn (0,5 diem)

- Dua vdo si(c minh Id chinh: Do danh lau dai nen tru6c het phai tu

litc canh sinh Tu luc canh sinh nham phat huy toi da siic manh toan dan toe

Tuy vay ta c5n tan dung kha nang giiip da tCr htn ngoai (0,25 diem)

Cau III Neu nhumg noi dung chu yeu va nhumg dac diem chinh cua lich sur the giol tir niifa sau nhumg nSm 70 cua the ki X X den nam 1991 (3 diem)

* Noi dung chu yeu: (1,5 diem)

- "Trat tu hai cue lanta" dan dan sup d6

- Chii nghia xa hoi khung hoang rdi sup d6 b Lien X6 va Dong Au

- Mot so nude thuoe th6' gidri thii ba cung lam vao khiing hoang

- Cu6c each mang khoa hoe - k l thuat phat triin sang m6t giai doan mod

* Dac diem chinh: (1,5 diem)

- Su sup do ciia C N X H a Li6n X6 va Dong A u tac dpng nghiem trong

den cue dien the' gidi

- Cac nude tu ban dat diroc b\x6c phat tri^n mod

- Quan he quoe te chuy^n ddn tir doi ddu sang ddi thoai nhimg van con nhiing cu6c chie'n tranh cue b6

- M6t trat tu the gidri mdi dang dan dan hinh thanh

Cau I V

1925 Thanh la

1961 Lien X

6 piion

g tau

vu tm dua Gagari

m gi

a nha

p ASEAN

t chin

h ve cuoc han

h trin

h tim ducmg ciif

u nud

e va

cung c til e ba a ea e cii u nud g ciJ i trucm g chi ' tron n ch6 g ha y nhun n tha' sdm nha

n e mdi u nud g cu con ducm y tim g Ta g phuon h san quya't din n da b6'i ne

- Nga

y 5

6 - 1911 , Ngud

i tir cang nh

a Rdn

g (Sa

i Gon ) ra

p di Cud' , Cdnggd h dao e xic , Ghin , Angieri , Tuynidi Dao Nha , Bd n Nha Tay Ba

i g Phap Ngudi san u do Anh, sa d v^ Mi tr i tit , Ngud nam 1913

Ngudi nha

n ro ban, th

u sa

u nhun

g bd

n ba qua nhie

i do

e Sa thdo luqn cumg

c g nhiin t tron la md n va u tie m dS t Na n Vie g sa i con h ngud d than , tr i ba te' thi

g n Phap g sa g Cdn p Dan g la a san m gi ngudi tha

Nhir vay, sau bao nhieu nam b6n ba hai ngoai, Ngiroi da tim thSiy con ditcmg ciiu nude dung dan Ket hop d6c lap dan t6c vdd CNXH, ke't hop tinh thdn yeu nude vdri tinh thSn qude tS' v6 san

* Vai trd cua Nguyin Ai Quoc trong viec chudn bi ve chinh tri, tu tuang

vd to chvcc de thdnh lap chinh dang v6 san a Viet Nam: (2^ diem)

- Nam 1921, Nguyen Ai Qu6c ciing m6t s6' ngudi yeu nude eua cac

thudc dia Phap sang lap H6i Li6n hiep thuoc dia a Pari de tuydn truy^n, tap

hop lufc luomg ehdng chii nghia da' qu6c

- Nam 1922, ra bao NgUcd ciing khd di vach trSn chinh sach dan ap,

hoc lot da man ciia chu nghla de' qud'c, gop phSn thiie tinh cae dan t6c bi ap biic diJng len da'u tranh tu giai phdng

- Nam 1923 - 1924 d Lien X6, Ngudi du H6i nghi quo'e te' ndng dan

va doc tham luan tai Dai hdi Qud'c te' Cdng san Ian thii V Sau do, Ngudi tit

Lien X6 ve Quang Chau (Trung Qud'c) de true tie'p ehu^n bi chinh tri, tu tudng va t6 chiirc cho viec thanh lap chinh dang v6 san d Viet Nam

- Cac boat ddng cua Ngudi chu ye'u tren mat tran tu tudng, chinh tri bang cac cdng tac tuyen truy^n qua sach, bao Ngudi do'c siic truy^n ba chu nghia Mae - Lenin vao nude ta Trong thdi gian nay, tuy chua thanh lap chinh dang ciia giai ea'p v6 san d Viet Nam, song quan didm each mang ciia

Ngudi se la n6n tang tu tudng ciia Dang sau nay

- Nhung tu tudng do la:

+ CNTB, chii nghia de' qud'c la ke thii ehung cua giai ea'p vd san va nhan dan cac nude thudc dia Chi cd lam each mang thi mdi giai phdng giai cap vd san va nhan dan cac nude thudc dia Do la mdi quan he mat thie't gifia each mang chinh qude va thudc dia

+ Xac dinh giai ea'p cdng nhan la luc lugng ndng cdt cua each mang

+ Giai c^p cdng nhan dii kha nang lanh dao each mang thdng qua ddi lien

{^ong cua no la Dang Cdng san, duoc vu trang bang hoc thuyet Mae - Lenin

- ve mat td ehiie, khi den Quang Chau, Ngudi da tiep xiic vdi cac nha

each mang Viet Nam dang boat ddng d day Ngudi md Idp hua'n luyen chinh tri d^ dao tao can bo each mang rdi v^ nude boat ddng

Nam 1925, Ngudi da sang lap Hdi Viet Nam Cach mang Thanh nien

-td chiic ti6n than eiia Dang sau nay

Cau II Hoa

diem) d6'i n6i n ve o kha - Kh

% da

n s6 ' m

u chfl Da

y la mot ba

, gi

a ca sinh boa

t da

t do

+ 6 mien Bac

, 20 van qua

n Tuon

g ke

o vao , ga

e gio

i tbi

i bai , pbon

b Ho Cbi Min

b Tarn g thang b man a Cac b qu e tban bao v t tam , quye n dSiu g chie n san nen sS

Cau III Nguye

u do

e b u tran p da' t bg , ke g tao , san g dan g diin h man p eac g pba , pbuon u cbu lap t

quan su , ehin

b tri

- ngoa

i giao g yd giau lon n ta n da - Nba

u nu6e , doa

n ke

t nba

t tri , la

g Duong

- Su dong tinh, ung ho va giiip da to 1dm cua cac luc lucmg each mang, hoa binh dan chu tren the' gi6i, nhat la cua Lien X6, Trune Qu6c va cac nude XHCN khac

* Su Idnh dqo tai tinh cua Dang: (I diem)

- Phan tich dung tinh hinh, d6 ra ke hoach chinh xac, du kid'n va kip

thoi chofp thcri co: Nam 1973, Hoi nghi Trung uong 21 xac dinh: Cach mang mien Nam tiep tuc con ducmg each mang bao luc

- Bo Chinh tri de ra ke hoach giai phong mi^n Nam trong hai nam

(1975 - 1976)

- Chi dao tac chie'n gioi: danh Buon Ma Thuot, bi mat bat ngor, linh

hoat each danh trong tijmg chien dich

- Phoi hop tai tinh tien cong vdri noi day, noi day v6i ti6n c6ng, chien

trucmg chinh vdri chien trucmg phu

Cau IV Cuoc each mang khoa hoc - ki thuat hien nay (2,0 diem)

* Doc diem cua cuoc each mang khoa hoc - kxthugt hien nay: (1,0 diem)

- Khoa hoc trd thanh luc lugfng san xua't true tidp

- Hieu qua nghi6n ciiu ngay cang cao ctia c6ng tac nghidn eiJu khoa hoc

- Thcri gian tir phat minh khoa hoe de'n ling dung vao san xua't ngay

cang riit ngan

- "Su biing no thong tin" trong cuoc each mang khoa hoe - ki thuat ngay nay

* Vi tri va y nghia each mang khoa hoc - Id thuat: (1,0 diem)

- Da lam thay doi co ban nhffng nhan t6' san xua't nhu cong cu va cong

ngh6, nguydn li6u, nang luong Nh6 do, eon ngudi da tao ra nhung luc luong san xua't nhieu hon, phong phu hon

- Dua loai ngucd sang mot nen van minh m6i - "van minh tri tue"

- N^n kinh t6' th6' gidri ngay cang duge qu6'c t6' cao

- Nhung hau qua tieu cue ma con nguoi hien nay chua khac phuc duoe

* Hodn earth lich

t xi

t Dii

c chu

& bi

tail h ha h than i hin ' gio Th6 y d6i h tha n tran t chi6 h cha o tin m ch , la n X6 c6ng Life

i h u tran c dSf Cuo t xit kh6i pha a la n ki , b6 n chu g da luc luon t la : M6 tran tuyd'n

h tu y 10 r nga Tu h mang o eac g tra o phon h da p lan e tid nu6c tru c v6 i Qu6 Nguy6n A

den 1

9 - 5

- 1941 , Ho

n i duo g do , kh6n i phong e gia dan t6 i d6 c vSi t duo i quye g gia u khdn t6c: "Nd'

c n a da c gi e qu6 n th g toa g nhuti i chan , th n t6c ^ da n th o toa do ch , tu d6c lap

a quy^

n led cua b

6 phan , gia

c hie

n gia

m t6 , gia

m tiic

, chi

Nhu vay , va'

, c - ' qu6' o de h va u tran n da' i nho g mu p trun , ta a chu p di i ca' a gia n ho nham pha

g la Phap - Nhat, d6n

g thcr

i lie

q he mat thie'

t vdr

i Lie

- Quye't dinh thanh lap or Viet Nam m6t mat tran \&y ten la Viet Nam d6c

lap ddng minh goi tat la Viet Minh, bao g6m cac t6 chiic qi'^&i chiing mang ten

Ciiu qu6c nham tap hop, doan ke't moi luc luong quSn chung nhan dan chO'ng lai

ke thii chinh la de' qu6c - phat xit Phap - Nhat va tay sai (0,25 diem)

- Sau khcd nghia thSng loi se lap ra nu6c Viet Nam Dan chu C6ng hoa

(0,25 diem)

Cau II Ke hoach quan su cua Nava va th^ng loi quan su cua quan va

dan Viet Nam trong chien cuoc dong - xuan 1953 -1954? (4 diem)

* Kehoqch quan sucua Nava: (1,5 diem)

- Hoan canh lich sir (0,75 diem)

+ Qua 8 nam khang chie'n, luc luong ta da 1dm len m6t each toan dien; lien tiep gianh nhflng thang loi tren mat tran quan su Viing giai phong va cac can cii du kich cang mor rOng

+ Dich cang suy ye'u va tha't bai, viing chie'm dong bi thu hep, kinh te' tai chinh gap kho khan, chie'n phi cho chie'n tranh D6ng Duong cang tang, Phap cang phu thu6c vao M i , nhan dan Phap da'u tranh manh, Chinh phu

-Hiap nhieu l£n sup d6

+ Thang 5 - 1953, Chinh phu Phap c\l tudmg Nava sang lam chi huy

quan doi or D6ng Duong da vach ra ke' hoach quan su hong gianh thang loi trfin chie'n trucmg lam dieu kien cho m6t giai phap chinh tri d^ ke't thiic chie'n tranh trong danh du Do la ke' hoach quan su Nava

- N d i d u n g : (0,75 diem)

Ke' hoach chia lam 2 bu6c trong vong 18 thang:

+ Budrc 1: Thu - d6ng 1953 va xuan 1954, gift vftng the' phong thu b

midn Nam, mo r6ng nguy quan, tap trung binh luc, xay dung luc luong co d6ng manh

+ Budc 2: Thu - ddng 1954, tie'n cOng chie'n luoc midn Bac, gianh thkg loi quan su, buOc ta phai dieu dinh trong tinh the' c6 loi cho Phdp

+ Nhu vay di^m ma'u c\\6i ch& ke' hoach Nava la tap trung quan

* Thdng lai quan

sucua ta (2,5 diem)

ve

chien luge ma dich tucfng d6'i y6'u, nha

chien luge

h hoat, qua

i phon

g La

i Chau, dic

i phon

g Th

a Khet, u

a cii

a dich

i phon

g Ko

n Tum, que

t sac

h

dich or Bac Ta

y Nguyen, u

y hie

p Playcu, bug

Hu, gia

i phon

g

Phong Xali, u

y hie'

p Luongphabang, bie

h ph

a

ducmg giao thong, sa

n bay, kh

o tan

g cu

a dich, bu6

- Ke

t qua, y nghTa:

Qigc tien c6ng quan sir cii

r d6n

g lor

n cii

a dich

— Dem 13 - 3 - 1954, ta tan cong tap doan cii diem Dien Bidn Phu Sau

56 ngay dfim chien da'u, chi^u 7 - 5 - 1954, quan ta chi^m llnh chi huy so

cua dich, ba' s6'ng tudng Dor Cat va toan bo ban tham muu ctia chiing, tap

doan Di6n Bi6n Phu hoan toan bi ti6u diet

— Chid'n thang quan su ciia ta trong chid'n cuoc dong xuan 1953

-1954 ma dinh cao la chien dich Di6n BiSn Phii da: ^ + Tieu diet va bat s6'ng hon 11 van ten dich, pha huy va thu dugc m6t

khoi lugng Ion vu khi, phuong tien chieii tranh ciia dich

+ Giai phong them nhieu viing da't dai r6ng Icm cua To quoc

+ Dap tan ke hoach Nava, de bep y chi xam luge ciia chiing, bugc

chung phai di vao dam phan d Hgi nghi Gionevo, k6't thiic chie'n tranh, lap

lai hoa binh a D6ng Ducfng

Cau I I I Trinh bay nhurng d^c diem chu yeu cua chu nghla tu ban sau

Chien tranh the gidi thur hai (3 diem)

Sau Chie'n tranh the gidi thii hai, CNTB (con dugc ggi la CNTB hien

dai) mang m6t so dac di^m chii y6u sau:

— Su chuy^n sang CNTB lung doan nha nude, tiic la su dung hop

giua cac tap doan tu ban lung doan vdi nha nude thanh mdt bd may thd'ng

nha't ed quySn luc vd han, phuc vu cho Igi ich "tdi da" cua cac tap doan tu

ban lung doan

Nhirng thap nien g^n day khdng chi dijmg lai d CNTB lung doan nha

nude ma con phat tridn CNTB doe quyen si6u qude gia (tiic la ddc quyen

tren pham vi nhieu nha nude) (0,5 diem)

— Su lien hop qude te cua CNTB lung doan nha nude (hay eon ggi la

"nhat the hoa qude te") ma tieu bieu la su ra ddi cua lifin minh chau Au (EU)

nham "nhat the hoa chau Au" v6 kinh te vk ehmh tri ( 0 ^ diem)

— Cude each mang khoa hge - k l thuat a cac nude tu ban phat trien dan

den bude nhay vgt ve nang suat lao dong va trinh do san xuat xa hgi, lam cho

ddi sd'ng vat chat, tinh than eiia con ngudi khdng ngiJmg dugc nang cao

(0^ diem)

— Cac nude tu ban phat triin va cac nude tu ban chau Au ndi chung deu ed

su phat trien dang ke v6 mat van hoa, giao due va van hge, nghe thuat- (0,5 diem)

— Nhung ben canh dd, d cac nude tu ban vSn ludn ton tai nhung mau

thuSn xa hgi va nhung tt nan xa hgi ma CNTB khdng thi nao khSc phuc dugc:

(0^ diem)

+ Mau thuSn giua CNTB va edng nhan

6 CNT

B hie

n dai, bd

n can

h s

u ph6

n vinh, pha

-i thua

t cu

a no, v

G S l/

PH AM T

P

HO C

HI MIN

H N

-AM

2006

PHAN CHUNG

CHO TAT

CA

CAC T

nen kin

h t6' Vie

n kin

h t6' Vi6

trong xd hoi Viet

Nam deu

do tinh chat tren

* Cdch mang Viet

Nam thuc hien 2

h d

d de' quo

Cau I I: V

dinh sabo6-3vd Tom u&c

14 9-1946, cha

-p han

h

chu tnrong cua chinh phu, nhan dan ta kien tri d^u tranh d^ gia vQng hoa binh,

xay dung dSt nuoc d6ng thcd tich cue chu&i hi luc luomg v6 moi mat Ta quyd't

tarn da'u tranh gianh cho duoc m6t nuoc Viet Nam d6c lap th6ng nhat (0,5 diem)

* Thuc dan Phdp tang cudng cdc hogt dong khiSu khich, tumg bu6c lah

toi, quygt tarn day manh vific chudn bi xam lucte tror lai nuoc ta (0,25 diem)

- Gay ha'n a Hai Phong - Lang Som (11 - 1946)

- Tai Ha N6i, gay vu tan sat a ph6 Hang Bun, chiSm tru scf B6 Tai chinh (12- 1946) (0,25 diem)

- Ngay 18 - 12, chiing gui t6'i hau thu bu6c Chinh phu ta giai tan luc

lugmg tu ve chie'n da'u, giao quy^n ki^m soat Thu d6 cho chung (0,25 diem)

* Tru&c hdnh dong xam luac cua thuc dan Phdp, nhan dan ta chi c6

m6t con duomg: chn vu khi khang chi6'n de bao v6 d6c lap tu do (0,25 diem)

- Ngay 18,19 - 12 - 1946, H6i nghi Ban Thucfng vu Trung uong Dang

quyet dinh phat d6ng toan qu6'c khang chie'n (0^5 diem)

- Dem 19 - 12 - 1946, Chu tich H6 Chi Minh ra Loi keu goi toan qu6'c khang chie'n 20 gior ngay 19 - 12 - 1946, c6ng nhan nha may dien Yen Phu pha may, do la hieu lenh chien da'u trong toan thanh pho Ha Noi Sang 20 -

12, Lori keu goi duoc truyen di khSp ca nu6c (0,25 diem) Cau in Trinh bay hodn cdnh lich svc vd npi dung dudng loi doi moi (Sdieni)

* Hodn cdnh lich svc: (1 diem)

- Sau 10 nam xay dung CNXH (1976 - 1985), each mang XHCN b mxdc

ta dat nhi^u thanh tuu va uu di^m dang ke' Song cung gap kh6ng it kho khan, dat nu6c lam vao tinh trang khung hoang trSm trong vd kinh te' - xa hoi

- khSc phuc sai Mm, dua dat nu6c vucrt qua khung hoang Dang va

Nha nude phai tie'n hanh doi mdi

- Nhung thay d6i cua tinh hinh the' gidi: Su khiing hoang cua cac nudre XHCN va Lien X6, tac d6ng cua each mang khoa hoc - ki thuat doi hoi

Dang va Nha nude phai d6i mdi

D6i mdi la van de ca'p bach c6 y nghia stfng con, d6ng thcri phii hop vol xu the' chung

* Noi dung dudng loi doi mdi: (2 diem)

- Ducmg I6'i d6i mdi duoc de ra tai Dai h6i VI (12 - 1986) va tiep tuc

duoc h6 sung hoan chinh qua cac Dai h6i VU, VIII, IX

- Ddi mdi thuc hien mue tieu XHCN vdi nhung hinh thiic, budc di va

bien pha

p thic

h hop i toa i mdr - Do

n diSn , don

g bo

til kin

h te , chin

h tr

i de

n tu tucmg, x

n kin

h te quoc da

n v6

i co cau nhie

a b

o co che qua

n If

kinh t6 ' ta

c , hiJ a binh i ho i ngoa h do h sac ; chin n toe t da n ke i doa h da h sac hien chin

u cac nuofc" t ca a ta ban ci n la m muo t Na N c "Vie p ta PHAN TI/CHO nghi, ho

Cau IV.a

(3

diem) lien minh * Tit

chong phdt xit, sau

Chien tranh the giai

thU hai, tinh trang ddu vd the doi chuyen sang nhanh chong vd Mi Lien X6

"Chien tranh Iqnh"do: h huon - An

g cii

a Lie

n X

6 va phong tra

u manh , vuo

t xa cac nud

e tu quyen lan h co cho min n tu t ne n ti i nguye u kh n v c quye m do , na ban khac

h t don c pha h thii n chin g Truma g thon , Tdn - 1947 g 3 Than ' giofi dao the

*Nhiing bieu hien: h nhie n han Ml tie

p vu trang nhie

- Cuoc "Chien tranh lanh" do M I phat dong da dSn den tinh trang doi dau giiJa 2 khoi quan su NATO va Vacsava, lam cho quan he qudc te tror nen

cang thing Day la su ddi dau giua 2 he thong xa hoi (0,25 diem)

* Vice ket thuc Chien tranh lanh:

- Dau nhung nam 70, xu huong hoa hoan Dong - Tay xuat hi6n \6i cac cuoc thuomg lugng X6 - M I (0,25 diem)

- Nira sau nhung nam 80 ciia the ki X X , xua't hi6n xu the chuyen tit

doi Mu sang ddi thoai Nam 1987 Xd - M i thoa thuan cat giam chay dua

vu trang (0,25 diem)

- Nam 1989, tai cuoc gap khdng chinh thiic or dao Manta, 2 dai dien

X6 - M I da chinh thiic tuyen bd cham durt "Chien tranh lanh" (0,25 diem)

* Tac dong cua su kien nay den quan he qudc te: Quan he Xd - M I

thay doi da lam thay doi quan h6 giua 5 cudng qudc trong Hoi ddng Bao an

Lien hop qudc: chuyen tir ddi dau sang ddi thoai va hop tac (0,75 diem)

- Cac khdi quan su lan luot giai the (nam 1991, Hiep udc Vacsava cham diit hoat dong )

- Lien Xd thuc hien chinh sach "khdng can thiep" vao Ddng Au va cham dut thuc hien cam ket cu vdi cac ddng minh

Xu hudng hda binh, ddi thoai va hop tac lan rdng, cac vu tranh cha'p, xung dot qudc tS', khu vuc duoc giai quyet Trat tu hai cue cha'm dut

Cau IV.b (3,0 diem)

* Nhung net chinh ve xu thetodn cau hoa: (1,5 diem)

Toan cau hda la qua trinh tang len manh me nhung mdi \itn he, nhung

anh hudng, tac ddng lan nhau, phu thuoc lan nhau ciia tat ca cac khu vuc, cac qudc gia, dan toe tren thd gidi, vdi cac bidu hi6n:

- Su phat trien nhanh chdug ciia quan he thuong mai qudc te

- Su phat trien va tac ddng to Idn ciia cac cdng ti xuyen qudc gia

- Su sap nhap va hop nhat cac cdng ti thanh nhQng tap doan Idn

- Su ra ddi cua cac td chiic li6n kdt kinh \€, thuong mai, tai chinh qudc te' va khu vuc (EU, IMF, WTO, ASEM )

- Toan cSu hda la xu th6' khach quan, khdng the dao nguoc

* Anh huffng: (0,5 diem)

- Tich cue: Thuc day nhanh chdng su phat trien va xa hoi hda ciia luc lucfng san xuat, dua lai su tang trudng cao, gdp phdn lam chuyen bien ca ca'u kinh td

- Ha

n ch6': La

* Todn cdu hoa

vim la thai ca vua Id thdch thifc

dot vdi Viet Nam:

(1 diem)

- ITicr

i ca: Ta

i c6' gan

Sl/PHAM HA NAM

- NA

M 2

0 06

PHAN BAT BUOC

Cdu I : Anh (chi) hay

trinh bay bdi hoc

kinh nghiem

ve chudn

bi luc

luffng va chop thdi

ca cua Cdch mang

thdng Tdm

1945 (2,0 diem)

* MoT bdi: Cuo

i ca

(0^

diem)

* Noi dung:

a kho

i nghi

a v

u trang

u kie

n ca

c dil

u ki6n, thcr

+ Hoi nghi Hn thii 8 cua Ban Cha'p hanh Trung uong thang 5 - 1941

va chi thi "Nhat - Phap ban nhau va hanh d6ng cua chung ta" ctia Ban Thudng vu Trung uomg Dang thang 3 - 1945, da bat mach diing tinhhinh,

chdfp thoi CO phat dong khofi nghia gianh chinh quy^n

* Ket luan: Khang dinh van de (0^ diem)

Cau I I Neu nhiem vu each mang mien Bdc va mien Nam sau Hiep dinh

Gionevff 1954 Giau each mang hai mien c6 mm quan he nhuthenao (3,0 diem)

* Ma bdi: Neu so luge dae di^m tinh hinh Viet Nam sau Hiep dinh Gioneva

(0,5 diem)

* Noi dung:

* Neu nhiem vu each mang cua mien Bdc vd mien Nam sau 1954

Trong tinh hinh dat nude tarn th6i chia cat hai mi^n (theo didu khoan cua Hiep dinh Gionevo), Dang va Chinh phii n6u ro nhidm vu each mang cho titng mien

- Mien Bac: Sau khang chien chong Phap k6t thuc, cugc each mang dan toe dan ehu nhan dan can ban hoan thanh Dang ehir truong ehuy^n sang lam nhiem vu each mang xa hgi chii nghia, d6ng thod xay dung mien Bac thanh can cu" dia each mang cua ca nude va hau phuong ciia cugc khang

chid'n chong M i ciiu nude ciia dan t6c (0,5 diem)

- Mien Nam: VSn con dudd ach thong tri cua 66 qudc M I va tay sai ntn

Dang va Chinh phii chii truong ti6'p tuc hoan thanh each mang dan t6c dan chii nhan dan, danh d6 ach thdng tri ciia de qudc M i va tay sai, giai phong mien

Nam, bao ve m i l n Bac xa hdi chii nghia, thdng nha't 6&i nude (0,5 diem)

* Moi quan hi gim edeh mang hai mien:

- Trong vice thuc hien nhiem vu, mue iitn chung, each mang mdi

mien eo v i tri va vai tro khac nhau nham giai quy6t y6u eSu ridng cua

tiTng mien (0,5 diem)

+ Mien Bac la hau phuong va la can cii dia each mang ciia ca nude nen

Nam, ddi vdi su nghiep thdng nha't da't nude

+ Mien Nam la tien tuye'n nen c6 vai tro quye't dinh true tie'p trong viee danh do de' qudc M i va tay sai, giai phong m i l n Nam, thdng nha't nude nha, hoan thanh each mang dan tdc dan chii nhan dan trong ca nude

- Cach mang hai mi^n cd mdi quan he qua lai gan bd mat thie't vdi nhau, phdi hop, thiic d^y tao di^u kien cho nhau phat tri^n Thang Igi gianh

i ho

p

vdri x

u th6' pha

dd diin

ra suMen gi? (2,0

diem)

Hay tiinh bay:

- Hodn cdnh dan

den sukien

- Dien bien torn

tat

- Y ngfna lich

si/ cua si/ kien

do

Ngay 27

- 1

- 1973: k

* Hoan cdnh ddn

toi sir kien: (0.5

diem)

- Na

m 1965,

iu tich H

n da

n th6' giof

* Diin bien torn

i qu

a 2 giai doan:

+ Noi dung chinh: Ban va'n de M I phai cham dut hoan toan va khong dieu kien vi6c nem bom pha hoai mien Bac Viet Nam Sau do ta mod ban ve cham diit chien tranh, lap lai hoa bmh o mien Nam Viet Nam vdfi M i + Sau hon nita nam da'u tranh quyet lift vdi dich, ta da bu6c M I phai dcm phirong tuyen bo ngCmg nem bom mien BSc khong dieu kidn (31 - 12 - 1968)

- Giai doan thii hai tiir 25 - 1 - 1969 den 27 - 1 - 1973

+ Thanh phan gom 4 ben: Doan dai bi^u cua Chinh phii Hoa K i va doan dai bieu ciia nguy quyen Sai Gon, doan dai bieu cua nude Viet Nam Dan chu Cong hoa va doan dai bieu Mat tran Dan toe giai phong mien Nam

Viet Nam, sau doi la doan dai bieu Chinh phu each mang Lam thbi cong hoa

mien Nam Viet Nam (6 - 6 - 1969)

+ Noi dung ehinh: Phia ta doi quan M I phai rut quan, phai de cho nhan dan Viet Nam tir quyet dinh van menh ciia minh

+ De lam hau thuSn cho Hoi nghi, quan dan 2 mien Nam - Bac da day manh danh dieh tren tat ca eac chie'n trudng

+ Sau hon 4 nam dau tranh quyet liet vcfi dich, ta buoc djch phai ki Hiep dinh Pari (27 - 1 - 1973) Vdi Hiep dinh Pari, M I buoc phai t6n trong

quyen dan toe ca ban, quyen tu quyet eua nhan dan Viet Nam; phai riit he't

quan viln chinh M I va chu hau khoi mien Nam

* Y nghia lich sii cua su kien: (0,5 diem)

- Day la m6t thang Igi lorn cua ta, la that bai nang ne ctia M I

- M d ra budc ngoat mdi trong euoe khang chien cua nhan dan ta Vdfi

Hiep dinh Pari " M I cut", quan nguy 6 mien Nam mat het ch6 dua, so sanh

luc lugng thay doi eo Igri cho ta Mien Bac hoa binh c6 dieu kien chi vien cho mien Nam Hiep dinh Pari tao dieu kien thuan loi cho nhan dan ta tie'n len danh cho "nguy nhao" giai phong hoan toan mien Nam

PHAN TtJCHON

Cau IV.a Neu nhOng thdnh tuu noi bat cua Lien Xd trong cong cuoc xdy dmg CNXH tit 1945 den giUa nhOng nam 70 Y nghia lich sii (3,0 diem)

* Ma dau: Neu khai quat nhung kho khan co ban ciia dat nude va hoan

canh qudc te' sau chien tranh anh hudng den Lien X6 va nhiem vu dat ra

cho Lien X6: (0,5 diem)

*Ngi dung (1,5 diem)

vircrt m\xc

ke' hoac

h n han c hie ducrc thu 6 da n X Lie a di 0 tr r 195 Tii ' 5 nam h te c kin khdi phu

g moi mat 16n w6 u to h tu g than c nhihi dat dug m va h 5 na ' hoac loat ke

m 20

% di da i va u M r 2 sa g thu n dum 0 iS g 12 n tan h qua p bin u nha , th ' gidi ciia the

u n tit , nguye p dien g nghie , con u tru : V p mod g nghie h c6n ' ngan t s6 trong m6

+ Nhun

g than

h tu

u do c6 y nghia Id

n la

o v^

quan su , chm

h tri

: lam c M ' quo a de g cii h man n eac u pha n c5 e toa n lug 6 chie' n b n toa dao 16

i va each man thuc diy h va a bin ' ho g c6 g ciin g cudn , tan a chiing h cii dong min

+ Tu

y vay , tron

chinh trong chinh sdch

dot ngoqi

* M& ddu: Sa

u Chie'

n tran

h the ' gid

i thi

i hai , chin

f dh Mi Toruma ' qu6c a de i cii the' gid g tri n thd'n n le g vuo h trudn i ban thdi k

n da

cong khai ntu len sii mang cua Mi la lanh dao the' gioi tu do, ch6ng lai sir banh

tnrdrng cua chu nghia c6ng san Tuf do MI da xiic tie'n chay dua vu trang, thanh lap cac lien minh quan su chudn bi m6t cuoc chi6n tranh t6ng luc ch6ng Lien X6 va cac nude XHCN, vien trp kinh t6' va quan su cho cac nude dong minh d^

khong che' cac nu6c do voi t6n "Chie'n lucre toan cSu" (0^ diem)

- Cac dcri T6ng th6'ng MI k6' tiep nhau (Aixenhao, Kennodi, Gidnxon,

Nichxon, Rigan, Buso diu Un lupt dua ra cac hoe thuyet hoac ducmg l6'i rieng de thuc hien Chid'n luge toan chi (0^ diem)

- Mac du mang tdn ggi khac nhau, n6i dung, biSn phap co su khae nhau giua cac t6ng thong, nhung "Chie'n luge toan eSu" eiia MI deu thong

nha't 3 mue tidu: "Ngan chan, d^y Itii tien tori titu diet cac nu6c XHCN, dan

ip phong trao dau tranh giai phong dan t6c, phong trao c6ng nhan va phong

trao hoa binh dan chu, khong che' no dich cac nude d6ng minh" (0^ diem)

- Qua trtnh thuc hien Chi6n luge toan cSu cua MI da kh6ng dem lai ke't qua nhu mong mu6n MI da vSfp phai nhieu thSft bai or Trung Qu6c 1949, Cu Ba

1959, nha't la d Viet Nam (1954 - 1975) Tuy nhien MI cung da thuc hien muu

*Ketluqn: (0^ diem)

f)t S6 27

TRirbNG CAO DANG SI/ PHAM DifiN BIEN - NAM 2005

Cau I Trinh bay sii phan hoa xa hoi va kha ndng each mang (4,5 Mem)

- Dudri tac d6ng ciia dot khai thac thuge dia Un thii hai cua thuc dan

Phap, eae giai cap trong xa hoi Viet Nam bi phan hoa sau sSc horn Cling vdi su phan hoa ciia cac luc lugng xa h6i cu, m6t s6' giai ca'p mdi ra ddi va ngay cang phat tri^n M6i giai ca'p c6 dia vi va quy^n Igi khae nhau nen

cung CO thai d6 chinh tri va kha nang khae nhau trudc su nghiep giai phong

dan t6c (0^ diem)

-Giai ca'p dia chu phong kie'n.- V^n la giai ca'p th6'ng tri cu da dSu hang, duge de' quoc nu6i duong d^ lam tay sai, ehiing 6m chan de' qudc, phan b6i dan t6e, la ch6 dua ciia chii nghia de' qu6c, cau ke't vdi de' qu6'c de cudrp doat

ru6ng dat va dan ap n6ng dan, nen sau Chie'n tranh the' gidri Idn thii nMt dia

chii phong kien duge tang cucmg ca ve the' va luc Day la ke thii, la doi tugng

cua eac

h mang, ch

t ho

c thiic, son

g thi

i cong, vie

n chiic, tr

i thiic, sin

h vien, da

n nghe

o

thanh thj D

o b

i khin

h mift, ba

c dai, dof

i son

g ba

p b6nh, h

o lugn

g it, b

m ha

m ne

n th6' lu

a tie

san dan tgc Tusdn

n tu

san dan toe c

6 lon

g ye

u nu6c, mu6'

i 3 tSng a

truyen thong yeu nu6c cua dan t6c Viet Nam; sorm dugc tiep xuc vdi tu tucmg cua chu nghia Mac - LSnin va phong trao each mang the gidri (Cach

mang thang Muori Nga) Chmh vi vay, chi c6 ho m6i c6 du kha nang lanh

dao each mang Viet Nam va nhanh chong tro thanh luc lugng chinh tri doc lap, lam co so vung chSc eho phong trao dan toe theo khuynh hudmg xa hoi

chu nghia (] diem)

- Six phan hoa giai ca'p, dac biet la su ra dcfi va phat tri^n cua cac lire luong xa h6i mdi, da tao tien d^ eho viec tiep thu cac trao luu tu tuong mori, lam CO so de hinh thanh va phat ri^n cac khuynh huong each mang moi a Viet Nam sau Chien tranh the gi6i thu: nha't (0^ diem)

Cau I I Thol ca cua cuoc Cach mang thang Tarn (2,5 diem)

* Thai cffcua cupc Cach mang thang Tarn chin mudi khi: (1,5 diem)

- Dieu kien khach quan v6 eiing thuan Igi: Lien X6 va D6ng minh danh bai phat xit Diic va quan phiet Nhat da tao dieu kien khach quan thuan Igi eho cac dan tgc duiig len tu giai phong Quan Nhat of Dong Duong va bgn tay sai than Nhat hoang mang reu ra den cue diem Ke thii cua each mang

nu6c ta suy yeu den cue do

- Dieu kien chii quan eho eugc each mang no ra va gianh duge thang Igi ra't day du:

Dang Cong san Dong Duong da c6 qua trinh chu^n bi chu dao eho

thang Igi ciia eugc Cach mang thang Tam trong sudt 15 nam vd'i 3 cao trao

each mang: 1930 - 1931, 1936 - 1939 va 1939 - 1945 Trong cao trao each mang giai phong dan toe 1939 - 1945, Dang Cong san Dong Duong da lanh dao nhan dan ta chuan bi dSy dii va chu dao ve mat ducmg loi, lue lugng chinh tri, luc lugng vu trang, can cir dja each mang va bude dau tap hgp duge cho quan chiing khoi nghia vu trang gianh chinh quyen

Khi phat xit Nhat dau hang kh6ng dieu kien quan Dong minh Dang ta

kip thori chdrp thofi eo, chu^n bi chu dao hon ntta va nhanh chong phat dgng loan dan noi day T6ng khofi nghia gianh chinh quySn Hgi nghi toan qude ciia Dang hgp 6 Tan Trao tir 13 den 15/8/1945 da quyet dinh phat dgng Tong khoi nghia Dai hgi qude dan Tan Trao ngay 16 - 17/8/1945 huong ling menh lenh Tdng khoi nghia ciia Dang quyet dinh thanh lap Uy ban Giai

phong dan toe Viet Nam, tiie Chinh phu L a m thdi do Hd Chi Minh lam Chu

tich, chudn bi nhung cdng vice cudi cimg cho Tong khoi nghia

* Day

Id ca hoi ngdn nam co

mot vi:

(1 diem) g na6 h man o eac m na i di^ O tho Chua C

c ta h6i tu diroc nhiJn

g di6

u ki6

n g tru6 hanh d6n u ta Ne' u the' i nh n lo a thua du v n diy chu qua n va khach qua

c o gay kh t se n Nha , qua qua sotn c la h tii g min n Don g qua u han t dS khi' Nha

khan ch

o ta , co

n ta hanh don

g cha

m tr6 thi qua

n D6n

g min

h se dan a

p eac

h t ngS n ra i gia t thcr g m6 i tron mat d n va t hie chi xua i co , thcr u vay mang Nh

n i qua n kh h de' g min n D6n hang qua t diu i Nha ivi kh n \t), a tua (khoang b

n 6 Ch hd't, H n ai 1945) Ho g 9 - u than he't (dS g la g Duon o Don h va Dong min

i viing c ta n t6 o da m6t ch m co nghin na i co a thcr "Day l c ro n thii Minh nha

day LS

n na

y di

i co phai thie

i su

lanh n Cac n da Dang Nha 1 la r 195 g (tC g Ditcm n D6n g sa g C6n a Dan dao cii

h g chid' c khan h cu6 n han a tie' a d n Campuchi n da , nha mang Campuchia)

n m g na o nhiin t va c bia 1dm, da d to g le u than c nhi^ gianh dug p va chC'ng Pha

a co t nu6c a da' e cu o du a - gia n ho , va h te' g kin y dun h xa n han n tie' di^u kie

i u mdi n kie c da c thu m luo h xa n tran h chie tie'n han

h dug

c gia

i phong , ke'

d su lanh da

(thanh lap ngay 3 - 12 - 1978), dugc su giiip dd cua quSn tinh nguydn Viet

Nam, nhan dan Campuchia da lat d6 ch€ d6 diet chung (7 - 1 - 1979)

dong do doi vdi each mang Viet Nam (4 diem)

* NhOng hoat dong cua Nguyen Ai Qudc tit 1920 den 1930:

(3,0 diem)

-Thang 7 - 1920: Doc "Luan cuong \i cac va'n de dan tde va thudc

dia" ctia Lenin, tim tha'y con dudng ciiu nude dung dan cho dan tde

-Thang 12 - 1920: Du Dai hdi Tua; trd thanh mdt trong nhung ngudi

sang lap Dang Cdng san Phap va la ngudi cdng san Viet Nam dSu tien

- Nam 1921: Lap Hdi Lien hiep cac dan tde thude dia Phap

- Nam 1922: Ra bao Le Paria (NgUdi cUng kho) va sach Ban an che

do thuc dan Phap

- Nam 1923: Sang Lien X6 du Hdi nghi Qudc te' Ndng dan Sau dd lam viec d Qudc te' Cdng san

- Nam 1924: Du va trinh bay tham luan tai Dai hdi Qudc te' Cdng san l&i thirV

- Nam 1925: Lap Viet Nam Thanh nien Cach mang ddng ehi hdi; md

Idp huStn luyen dao tao can bd va ra bao Thanh nien

- Nam 1927: Phat hanh sach Ducng kdch menh

-Nam 1928 - 1929: Hoat dong d mdt sd nude Ddng Nam A

- Than

g 2/1930: TriS

* Ddnh

gid sU

dong gop cua nhifng

ciru nir6c dung dan cho dan toe

vao phong

trao

cong nhan va phong trao y6u nuoc Vi6

t Nam, da

t ne

n

mong tu tucmg

L Nguye

n nha

n thdn

g loi , y nghIa

led: (2,0 diem)

- Ch

u quan:

h tri, qua

n s

u d6

e lap, t

u chii, diin

g dan, san

g tao D

Nam

va

each mang xa hoi ch

u nghl

a o mien Bac

g eug

c khan

g

chien chong M

c xa

y dung

,

cung c6' v

c phong, ba

o da

m

thuc hien nghia vu hau phuong

e cii

a ch

o tiln tuye'n

lorn mie

n Nam

g Don

g Duong

g Quo

c

va eac nud

phong trao giai phong dan toe, cac luc lucmg each mang, dan chij hoa binh

va cua ca loai ngucri tien b6, trong do c6 nhan dan Mi

* Y nghm lich svt: (1,0 diem)

- D6'i vdri dan toe

+ Ket thiic thang loi 30 nam chien tranh giai phong dan t6c va bao v6

To qu6'e, cha'm diit hoan toan ach thong tri cua ehii nghia de' quoc va che d6

phong ki6'n a nude ta

+ Mo ra ki nguydn m6i cua each mang Viet Nam: doc lap, thong nha't

va di len chu nghTa xa hoi

- Doi v&i the gicri:

+ Tac dong manh de'n noi tmh nu6e Mi va cue dien the' gidi

+ Co anh hucmg va la nguon c6 vu to 1cm voi each mang the' gidi Cau III Noi dung, thanh tuu, vi tri va y nghia cua cuoc each mang khoa

hoc - ki thuat sau Chien tranh the gidi thijf hai (3 diem)

* Thanh tuu (2 diem)

- V6 khoa hoe co ban c6 nhung thanh tun Idfn:

+ Toan hoc: Nhieu phat minh Idn va tham nhap vao cac nganh khoa hoc khac

+ Hoa hoe: Nhi^u thanh tuu tac dong vao ki thuat, san xua't

+ vat If hoc: Li thuyet hat nhan, song dien tir, trucfng dien tu, tao cac

c6ng eu mdfi, vat lieu mdfi

+ Sinh hoc: Lam bien doi Ion lao trong nong nghiep, dua tdfi su ra doi c6ng ngh6 sinh hoe

- Phat minh ra nhung eong cu san xua't mdri: may tinh, may tu dong,

ngucri may (robot), he di^u khien tu dong

- Phat hien nguon nang luong mdi, phong phu, v6 tan: nang lirong nguyfin tii, nang luong mat trori, nang lucmg nhiet hach, nang lugng gio

- Che tao ra vat lieu mdfi: vat lieu tdng hop (polime composit)

- Cuoc "each mang xanh" trong nong nghiep, eong nghe sinh hoc

- Nhilu phat minh trong ITnh vuc giao thdng van tai va thong tin lidn lac (may bay situ am kh6ng 16, tau hoa toe do cao, he thong phat song truy6n hinh hien dai qua ve tinh )

- Thanh tuu chinh phue vu tru (tau vu tru, tau con thoi, con ngucfi dat chan len Mat Trang )

*Vi tri

vd y nghia (1 diem) y d6 m tha a la - D

i co

ban ca

c y6

u t6 ' cu

a sa

n xua't , ta

o ra nhOtig lu

c ' ht cac the t ca a ta t cu n xua' g sa c luon n lu s6 ho , d6 u hem t nhi^ n xua' luong sa

u kin

h tS' , va

n hoa , kho

n can

h Ijc

h suf , no

to chii

c c6n

g sa

n ra dcd l

g u di g 6 nhi^ so dan g ca y dun g xa nhanh chon o da chiie d c t6 Ca Viet Nam

a n6ng dan n va g nha a c6n h cii u tran e da' u euo o nhi^ h da p lan e tid' phuofng, tru nang h tri c ehin , y thii i ca'p c gia , -y thii n manh t tri^ n pha g nha o c6n Phong tra

lan r

o r6t Phon

g tra

o eon

g nha

n da ket ho

g g da h man g eac n son h la hoi than g xa Idp tron u tAng a nhi^ e cu u nud trao y6

n nudre p ca e kha h m u man n ch toe da

- Tu

y nhien , tron

g trot nga n su y ne , ga a nhau g cu h hucfti h an h gian , tran n nhau h iS g kic re, eon

i y co co ngu i se o da e ke neu d h do h hin Un h mang o eac g tra o phon Idfn ch

dSn dd'

n su chia r

e 1dm Y6

c su chi da

hop 6 Huong Gang tir 3 - 2 den 7 - 2 - 1930 d^ hop nha't thanh m6t dang duy

nh&t

*mi dung hoi nghi: (1,0 diem)

- Tru6c tien, Nguyen Ai Qu6'c phan tich tinh hinh trong nude va the'

gidi, phe phan nhung hanh dong thie'u thong nha't giOa eae t6 chiie e6ng san

va d^ nghi eae t6 chiie doan ket, thong nha't lai thanh mot Dang Cong san duy nha't

- Sau 5 ngay lam viee Vhin truong, h6i nghi da hoan toan nha't tri tan thanh th6'ng nha't eae x6 chiie e6ng san di thanh lap m6t Dang duy nha't la'y

ten la Dang Cong san Viet Nam

- Th6ng qua Chinh cumg van tat, Sdch iucfc van tat, Dieu le van tat

cua Dang do Nguyen A i Quoe du thao

- Vaeh ke' hoaeh vi nude tien hanh hop nh^t cac t6 ehiie c6ng san va

cir Ban Cha'p hanh Trung uong lam thod

* Y nghia lich sue: (1,0 diem)

- H6i nghi thang 2 - 1930 ctia dai bi^u cac t6 ehiie c6ng san or Dong

Duong di hop nha't Dang eo y nghia nhu m6t Dai h6i thanh lap Dang

- Chinh cuang van tat, Sdch lucfc van tat, Dieu le van tat do Nguydn

Ai Qu6'e du thao duoc h6i nghi th6ng qua da tra thanh Cuomg llnh chinh tri diu tien ciia Dang

Tuy eon vdn tat nhung no da vaeh ra cho each mang Viet Nam nhung

di ca ban, diing dan v6 ducmg loi each mang, cha'm dut tinh trang khiing

hoang v6 du5ng I6'i, giai ca'p lanh dao, khang dinh quyen lanh dao tuyet d6'i cua giai cap e6ng nhan ma dpi tien phong la Dang Cong san Vi6t Nam

Cau I I Trinh bay di^n bien va y nghia Ijch suf cua Tong khori nghia

thang Tam nam 1945 (4,0 diem)

*Dien bien : (2,75 diem)

- Ngay tijt nhung ngay d^u thang 8 - 1945, m6t kh6ng khi ga'p nit

chudn bi khoi nghia da sue soi trong ca nude K h i nghe tin Nhat diu hang

Dong minh, d6ng thcri thue hien Quye't dinh T6ng khod nghia gianh chinh quy^n ciia Hpi nghi toan qu6'c cua Dang va Qu6'c dan dai h6i hop cf Tan Trao

thi cu6c khcri nghia vu trang ciia quSn chiing da ehuye'n til khoi nghia timg

phSn sang Tong khdi nghia