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LIFESTYLES Grammar Vocabulary Function 1a What are you doing here? p4 Present simple and present continuous Question tags Clothes, styles, accessories and patterns Shop for clothes 1b I’ve loved every minute p8 Present perfect simple with for and since Present perfect and past simple Jobs 1c It’s much more rewarding p10 Intensifiers much, far, a lot, a bit with comparative adjectives and adverbs (not) as … as Adjectives to describe work RESPONSIBILITY LIFE STORIES 1d Teenage fashion in Britain ACROSS CULTURES p12 SKILLS FOCUS: WRITING 2a I didn’t recognise you p14 Past simple Prepositions: during, for Show concern and reassure 2b I wasn’t really listening … p16 Past continuous and past simple with when, while, as Phrasal verbs with up 2c After getting up at a.m., p18 Past simple and past perfect simple after/before + gerund (-ing form) Transport and travel 2d Milestones in travel CURRICULUM LINK p20 SKILLS FOCUS: READING Language Revision 1: Units & p22 3a You’ll sleep in tents p24 Future tenses: will, going to, present continuous to be about to + infinitive Food and kitchen equipment 3b I don’t have to ask my parents p26 must, mustn’t, should, ought to, have (got) to, don’t have to, needn’t, had better (not) Gerund (-ing form) as subject and object Part-time jobs 3c Please let me go p28 make, let, allowed to Invite, accept and refuse with excuses NATURAL WORLD ENTERTAINMENT 3d A refugee’s story REAL LIFE ISSUE p30 SKILLS FOCUS: LISTENING AND SPEAKING 4a Phones which you can fold up … p32 Defining and non-defining relative clauses 4b The most fun I’ve had for ages! p34 Present perfect simple with just, already, before, never, ever, yet Superlatives with the present perfect simple 4c Ever since I was a child … p36 Present perfect simple and continuous with for and since Present perfect simple for numbers and amounts Phrasal verbs with on React to good and bad news Words connected with music 4d English literature ACROSS CULTURES p38 SKILLS FOCUS: WRITING Language Revision 2: Units & p40 5a Unless they something, … p42 First conditional with if, unless, provided that, as long as Landscape and natural environment 5b We won’t know until we leave p44 Future time clauses with when, until, as soon as, by the time, before Extreme weather and natural disasters 5c In case it gets cold … p46 in case + present simple Camping equipment 5d Glaciers CURRICULUM LINK p48 SKILLS FOCUS: READING Make and respond to requests IMAGINATION Grammar Vocabulary 6a If you were invisible for a day, … p50 Second conditional with would, might, could Transitive phrasal verbs 6b If only I had my camera! p52 wish/if only + past simple 6c We didn’t mind queuing p54 Verb with infinitive or gerund IN THE NEWS RIGHT OR NOT? COMMUNICATE 6d The end-of-year party REAL LIFE ISSUE p56 SKILLS FOCUS: LISTENING AND SPEAKING 7a He asked me if I had a website p60 Reported statements and questions 7b You suggested getting a taxi p62 Reported speech with verbs of reporting 7c In spite of your faults, … p64 Clauses and linkers of contrast 7d 21st century communication ACROSS CULTURES p66 Function Ask for and give advice Noun suffixes -ion, -ment, -ity, and -y Language Revision 3: Units & p58 Phone messages Relationship words and phrases SKILLS FOCUS: WRITING 8a He shouldn’t have left it there p68 should have/ought to have Apologise for past mistakes 8b It can’t be easy p70 must/can’t/might/could for deductions in the present Phrasal verbs with away 8c He can’t have drowned p72 must have/can’t have/might have/ could have for deductions in the past Crime 8d Charity work CURRICULUM LINK p74 SKILLS FOCUS: READING Language Revision 4: Units & p76 9a The telephone was invented p78 The passive: present simple, past simple, present perfect, past perfect The media 9b They’re being followed p80 The passive: present continuous, past continuous and future simple 9c It ought to be stopped p82 The passive: modals, gerund (-ing form) and infinitive Give opinions, agree and disagree Adjective and noun formation 10 MONEY 9d Work experience REAL LIFE ISSUE p84 SKILLS FOCUS: LISTENING AND SPEAKING 10a If he had sold the ring, … p86 Third conditional with would have Verbs connected with money 10b If only we’d had the money! p88 wish/if only + past perfect Phrasal verbs with out 10c I might not have done so well p90 Third conditional with might have 10d Social customs ACROSS CULTURES p92 SKILLS FOCUS: WRITING Give and accept congratulations Language Revision 5: Units & 10 p94 Extra practice p96 Word bank p108 Pronunciation p110 Writing bank p112 Word list p117 Irregular verbs p120 1a Grammar Present simple and present continuous Question tags Vocabulary Clothes, styles, accessories and patterns Function Shop for clothes Get started LIFESTYLES 1 Dialogue 01 Lisa: Ryan: Josh: Ryan: Lisa: Ryan: Sophie: Lisa: Sophie: Josh: Sophie: Lisa: Sophie: Ryan: Sophie: Ryan: Josh: Listen and read Where does Sophie make her T-shirts? Come on, Ryan The market closes in half an hour What are you after? I’m looking for a shirt I’m going to a wedding on July 2nd That’s next Saturday That’s right So I want something plain and smart Hey, that T-shirt’s nice I like baggy T-shirts and I love the design on it But I need a shirt, not a T-shirt Anyway, the design looks a bit weird Hey, Lisa! How’s it going? Oh, hi Sophie What are you doing here? I’m working I make these clothes at home and then I sell them here every other Saturday Is it your stall? No, it’s my aunt’s You don’t know Ryan or Josh, you? No, I don’t Hi, guys Nice to meet you I like your clothes They’re really original Thanks That’s a cool T-shirt, isn’t it? This one? Oh, er yes It’s great! I’ll take it But Ryan, you’re looking for a shirt not a T-shirt! What are you after? r something (plain) r Anyway r How’s it going? r every other (Saturday) r Comprehension Answer the questions Sophie Where you buy your clothes? Do you like shopping for clothes? What does Ryan want to buy? a shirt What does Lisa like about the T-shirt? What does Ryan think of the T-shirt at first? What day of the week does Sophie work on the stall? What does Ryan decide to buy? 1a Ryan Josh Lisa Vocabulary: Clothes, styles, accessories and patterns 4a Recall How many words can you remember for each of these sections: Clothes, Styles, Accessories and Patterns? Write lists, then check in the Word bank on page 108 Clothes: jacket, … Styles: baggy, … b 02 Extension Use the words below to name the items in the photo Which items are not in the photo? c Describe what the people in the photo are wearing Ryan’s wearing patterned green combat trousers bandana rCBOEBOBrCBOHMF rDPNCBUUSPVTFST rGMFFDFrGMJQGMPQT rIBJSCBOErIJHIIFFMT rKVNQFSrMFHHJOHT rTVJUrUJFrUJHIUT rUSBDLTVJUUPQ rUSBDLTVJUCPUUPNT S ? LVE IT! Read the dialogue again What date will Sophie next work at the market? 1a Grammar Grammar Present simple and present continuous Present simple I want something plain and smart I make these clothes at home I sell them here every other Saturday The market closes in half an hour Present continuous I’m looking for a shirt I’m going to a wedding on 2nd July Match the sentences (1–6) to the uses of the tenses (a–f) We use the present simple for: a) permanent situations, b) routines, c) timetabled events in the future, d) stative verbs (e.g be, believe, need, etc.) We use the present continuous for: e) events happening now or around now, f) future arrangements Question tags A: That’s a cool T-shirt, isn’t it? B: Yes, it is A: You’re in Lisa’s class at school, aren’t you? B: Yes, I am A: You don’t know Ryan or Josh, you? B: No, I don’t A: Your aunt’s got a market stall, hasn’t she? B: Yes, she has Choose the correct options If the main verb is positive, the question tag is positive / negative If the main verb is negative, the question tag is positive / negative Practice Your name’s Maria, isn't it? You live near me, _? You’ve got a brother, _? Your favourite band is the Chilli Peppers, _? You don’t like Beyoncé, _? You’re learning to play the piano, _? :PVBSFOUFOKPZJOHUIJTFYFSDJTF
@@@ You’ve got a new MP3 player, _? My questions aren’t annoying, _? Practice Complete the statements with the correct question tag Complete the newsletter with the present simple or continuous form of the verbs from the box rTUVEZrDPODFOUSBUFrNBLFrHP rTFMMrLOPXrFYUFOE Pronunciation: Intonation in question tags 03 Go to page 110 Speak knows Now ask your partner the questions in Exercise 7, changing the information where necessary Make sure you choose the correct intonation A: Your name’s Maria, isn’t it? B: Yes, it is./No, it isn’t A: You live near me, don’t you? B: Yes, I do./No, I don’t I live … 1a Use your English: Shop for clothes Offer help Can I help you? Do you need any help? Dialogue 10 04 Listen and read Does Ryan buy the shirt? Man: Can I help you? Ryan: Yes, I’m looking for a shirt Have you got this one in a larger size? This is a Small Man: One moment I’ll see … Yes, here’s a Medium Ryan: Can I try it on? Man: Sure There’s a changing room over there Ryan: Thanks … What you think, Josh? Josh: Well, it’s not exactly my style, but that dark colour suits you Ryan: It’s fine for a wedding How much is it? Josh: Let’s have a look … It’s £39 Ryan: £39! Forget it! Man: Is it any good? Ryan: Er … No, sorry It’s not quite right I’ll leave it, thank you Comprehension 11 Say what you want :FT
QMFBTF*NMPPLJOHGPSBTIJSUTPNFKFBOT Yes, can I try this shirt/it/them on? Yes, have you got this shirt in a different colour/a larger size/a smaller size/size 14? /P
UIBOLT*NKVTUMPPLJOH Comment It’s/They’re a bit big/small/tight/baggy/ long/short I think I need a smaller/larger size It suits me./It doesn’t suit me It looks good How much is it? Make a decision It’s perfect/great I’ll take it This one’s fine I’ll have it, please No, sorry It’s not quite right I’ll leave it 12 04 Listen again to the dialogue in Exercise 10 Then make similar conversations You want to buy the following: BKVNQFSmTNBMMFSTJ[F mb TPNFDPNCBUUSPVTFSTmEJGGFSFOUDPMPVS mb TPNFTBOEBMTmMBSHFSTJ[F mb BUSBDLTVJUmEJGGFSFOUTUZMF mb BTIJSUmEJGGFSFOUQBUUFSO mb Choose the correct option The shirt Ryan tries on is: a) a small size b) white c) good for a wedding d) quite cheap Extra practice For more practice, go to page 96 1b Grammar Present perfect simple with for and since Present perfect and past simple Read Vocabulary Jobs 05 Listen and read the article Who has got two jobs? Comprehension Vocabulary: Jobs Recall Work in pairs List as many jobs as you can think of, then tell the class Whose list is the longest? Check the Word bank on page 108 When we think of showbiz, most of us imagine a life of bright lights, flashy cars, designer clothes and huge mansions Well, it isn’t always like that! We went in search of three people whose showbiz jobs are a little less glamorous Angela Smith is a dancer on a Caribbean cruise ship How long have you had this job, Angela? It sounds amazing! I’ve worked on this ship for about a month now Last year I was on one which went round the Med! What’s your job like? Well, the Caribbean is fantastic, but it’s hard work and the conditions aren’t great My cabin’s tiny! But I get lots of free time and I love travelling the world What about the money? It isn’t bad and it’s easy to save because nearly everything JTGSFFmGPPE
accommodation, even some clothes I’ve saved quite a lot since I KPJOFE this ship Answer true (T), false (F) or doesn’t say (DS) Angela has worked on more than one ship T "OHFMBMPWFTFWFSZUIJOHBCPVUIFSKPC Christine has got nice hands Christine has met some celebrities Steve first worked as an extra when he was a child Christine James has a very weird job – she’s a hand double! Can you explain what you do, Christine? Sometimes a film or an advert needs a close-up of hands, but the actress or model doesn’t have nice enough hands Then they use mine It’s trick photography! I bet it’s fun! It is I’ve done it for a couple of years now and I’ve loved every minute Since I started, I’ve worked with lots of famous people I’m not saying who, it’s top secret! Steve Morris works as a TV and film extra How did you get into this, Steve? A few years ago, a TV company filmed some scenes in our village I worked as an extra in some crowd scenes and after that I signed up with an agency Have you got another job, too? 0IZFT
UIJTJTKVTUBIPCCZ*NBDUVBMMZB teacher! 1b Grammar 5a Steve Norton plays bass guitar in the rock band Tastic Use the prompts to complete the questions and answers Then practise the dialogue in pairs Present perfect simple with for and since; past simple Which verbs are in the present perfect simple tense? Which are in the past simple? Write PPS or PS )PXMPOHCFQBSUPG5BTUJD Interviewer: How long have you been part of Tastic? Steve: I’ve been part of Tastic since 2010 Where/be/born? (Canada) How long/live/in the UK? (I was six) Who/teach/you to play the guitar? (my uncle) Where/go/to university? (in London) What/study? (Music) How long/know/the other band members? (my first day at school) When/start/your school of rock? (last year) I’ve worked on this ship for a month PPS I’ve saved quite a lot since I joined this ship Last year I was on one which went round the Med! A few years ago, a TV company filmed some scenes in our village I worked as an extra in some crowd scenes After that I signed up with an agency Choose the correct options We use the present perfect simple to talk about events that are finished / events that are linked to the present We use the past simple to talk about events that are finished / events that are linked to the present Since is used for a point in time / a period in time For is used for a point in time / a period in time b Steve Norton has been part of Tastic since 2010 He Listen Jack Clark is a TV camera operator Complete the dialogue with the past simple or present perfect simple form of the verb in brackets, or short answers Reporter: How long 1have you been (you/be) a camera operator, Jack? Jack: I IBWF NZQSFTFOUKPCGPSUXP years Before that I (work) for a small film company (you/ever/do) a special training Reporter: course? Jack: No, I (have) I (study) photography at university and then I HFU UIFKPCXJUIUIFGJMNDPNQBOZ I8 (not earn) much, but they (teach) me a lot And since I (start) (learn) lots more! UIJTKPC
*11 Reporter: 8IBUTUIFCFTUUIJOHBCPVUUIFKPC Jack: I 12 FOKPZ FWFSZUIJOHBCPVUJUTJODF day one I love it 06 Listen to the interview and answer the questions in pairs Who does Anna Nichols work for? a television company What does she do? What is she working on at the moment? How long has she IBEUIJTKPC What did she before that? How did she get UIFKPC Practice Now write eight sentences about Steve Norton Speak Discuss the question 8IJDIQFSTPOJOUIJTMFTTPOIBTHPUUIFCFTUKPC 8IPIBTHPUUIFXPSTUKPC (JWFSFBTPOT Extra practice For more practice, go to page 96 1c Grammar Intensifiers much, far, a lot, a bit with DPNQBSBUJWFBEKFDUJWFTBOEBEWFSCT (not) as … as Vocabulary "EKFDUJWFTUP describe work A B C Read 10 07 Listen and read the magazine article Then match the photos to the teenagers’ comments Unit Unit Lesson 1a Lesson 3a Clothes, styles, accessories and patterns Clothes rCBTFCBMMDBQrCPPUTrDBSEJHBO rDPBUrESFTTrIBUrIPPEJFrKBDLFU rKFBOTrTBOEBMTrTIJSUrTIPFTrTIPSUT rTLJSUrTPDLTrTXFBUFSrTXFBUTIJSU r5TIJSUrUJHIUTrUPQrUSBJOFSTrUSPVTFST Styles rCBHHZrDBTVBMrTMFFWFMFTT rTNBSUrUJHIU Accessories rCFMUrHMPWFTrQPDLFU rTDBSGr[JQ Patterns rDIFDLFErGMPXFSZrQBUUFSOFE rQMBJOrTQPUUFErTUSJQFE Lesson 1b Jobs rBDUPSrBSUJTUrCFBVUJDJBOrCVJMEFS rDBSQFOUFSrDBTIJFSrDIFGrEFOUJTU rEFUFDUJWFrEJSFDUPSrEPDUPSrFMFDUSJDJBO rFOHJOFFSrGBSNFSrGJSFGJHIUFSrIBJSESFTTFS rIPVTFXJGFrKPVSOBMJTUrNBOBHFS rNFDIBOJDrNPEFMrNVTJDJBOrOVSTF rQJMPUrQMVNCFSrQPMJDFPGGJDFSrQPMJUJDJBO rSFDFQUJPOJTUrSFQPSUFSrTFDSFUBSZ rTIPQBTTJTUBOUrTLJJOTUSVDUPSrUBYJESJWFS rUFBDIFSr57QSFTFOUFSrWFU rXBJUFSXBJUSFTT Unit Lesson 2c Transport rCJLFrCPBUrCVTrDBSrDBSBWBO rDPBDIrGFSSZrIFMJDPQUFSrMPSSZ rNJOJCVTrNPQFErNPUPSCJLFrQMBOF rTDPPUFSrTIJQrUBYJrUSBJOrUSBN rVOEFSHSPVOE UVCF rWBO 108 Food and drink FruitrBQQMFrCBOBOBrHSBQFrMFNPO rNFMPOrPSBOHFrQFBDIrQFBS rTUSBXCFSSZ VegetablesrCFBOrDBSSPUrDVDVNCFS rMFUUVDFrNVTISPPNrPOJPOrQFB rQFQQFSrQPUBUPrUPNBUP MeatrCFFGrDIJDLFOrMBNCrTUFBL FishrQSBXOrTBMNPOrTBSEJOF DairyrCVUUFSrDIFFTFrDSFBNrFHH rNJMLrZPHIVSU Drinks rBQQMFKVJDFrDPGGFFrDPMB rEFDBGGFJOBUFEDPGGFFrGSVJUKVJDF rIPUDIPDPMBUFrMFNPOBEFrNJOFSBMXBUFS rPSBOHFKVJDFrUFB Snacks rCBLFEQPUBUPrCJTDVJUrCVSHFS rDBLFrDIJQTrDSJTQTrIPUEPHrQJ[[B rTBOEXJDIrTPVQ Restaurant foodrBQQMFQJFrDIFFTFDBLF rEFTTFSUrGSVJUTBMBErHBSMJDCSFBE rHSFFOTBMBErJDFDSFBNrMBTBHOF rNBTIFEQPUBUPrSBWJPMJrTBMBE rTQBHIFUUJ#PMPHOFTF OtherrCSFBErIPOFZrOVUrPMJWF rPMJWFPJMrQBTUBrSJDFrTBMUrTVHBS rWJOFHBS Unit Lesson 4c Musical instruments rDFMMPrDMBSJOFUrESVNTrGMVUF rHVJUBS BDPVTUJD
MFBE
CBTT rLFZCPBSE rQJBOPrTBYPQIPOFrUSVNQFUrWJPMJO Unit Lesson 5a Landscape and environment rCVTIrDMJGGrDPBTUrDPBTUMJOF rEFTFSUrGPSFTUrIBSCPVSrIJMM rJTMBOErMBLFrNPVOUBJOrPDFBO rQBUIrSJWFSrSPDLrTFBrTUSFBN rUSFFrWBMMFZrXBUFSGBMMrXPPE T Unit Lesson 7c Relationship phrases rIBWFBOBSHVNFOUXJUITPNFPOF rHFUFOHBHFENBSSJFEUPTPNFPOF rHFUEJWPSDFEGSPNTPNFPOF rBTLTPNFPOFPVU rCSFBLVQXJUITPNFPOF rGBMMJOMPWFXJUITPNFPOF rHFUPOXFMMXJUITPNFPOF rHPPVUXJUITPNFPOF rNBLFVQXJUITPNFPOF Lesson 8c Exercise Answer to puzzle: He took off his clothes, put them in the plastic bag and tied it very tightly with the string Then he tied the bag to his head He swam across the river On the other side, he opened the bag and got dressed again 109 Unit 4 04 Unit 1 03 Falling intonation in exclamations Lesson 1a Exercise a Listen and repeat Intonation in question tags Wow! That’s amazing! That’s a real shame Oh, no! That’s too bad You poor thing! How brilliant! a Listen and repeat A: You’re English, aren’t you? B: Yes, I am (The falling intonation means that you are sure of the answer.) A: You aren’t English, are you? B: No, I’m not (The rising intonation means that you are not sure of the answer.) b Use the cues and react to the news Then listen and check I’ve got a new TV in my bedroom (lucky) My grandmother has won a million pounds on the lottery (Wow!/fantastic) The weather was really bad (Oh, no./terrible) I’m sorry, I can’t come to the party (real shame) b Listen and say if the speaker is sure or not sure of the answer You’re over sixteen, aren’t you? Your mother isn’t Italian, is she? He goes to the same school as you, doesn’t he? 4IFTHPUBOJDFKBDLFU
IBTOUTIF They don’t like skateboarding, they? c Now listen and repeat the sentences Unit 5 07 a Listen and repeat a pound, please … lend me a pound, please … Could you lend me a pound, please? phone me … ask him to phone me … Can you ask him to phone me? your bike … could borrow your bike … Do you think I could borrow your bike? ZPVSKBDLFUwNPWJOHZPVSKBDLFUw8PVMEZPV NJOENPWJOHZPVSKBDLFU Lesson 2a Exercise Intonation of Wh- questions a Listen and repeat Where were you born? When did you start? What happened? How long did you stay? Why did you stop? b Read aloud, then listen and check if your b Use the cues to ask questions in the past tense Then listen and check Where/you/go to school? What time/it/start? When/you/do your homework? Who/he/have lunch with? Why/they/leave so early? Unit 3 02 Lesson 3a Exercise intonation is the same as the speaker’s Do you think I could use your phone? %PZPVUIJOLZPVDPVMEIFMQNFXJUIUIJTKPC Could I borrow your dictionary, please? Would you mind turning the music down a bit? Unit 6 07 Lesson 6c Exercise Word stress in three- and four-syllable words a Listen and repeat Underline the stressed Intonation in lists syllable in each word a Listen and repeat Try to copy the intonation solution decision explanation development disappointment arrangement difficulty We’ve got apples, oranges and pears There’s a kettle, a saucepan and a frying pan Sorry, no fast food, electricity or running water I’m going to buy a CD, a book and a DVD b Answer the questions with the correct intonation What did you eat for breakfast today? What are your three favourite sports? Who are your three favourite film stars? 110 Lesson 5c Exercise Rising intonation in polite requests Unit 2 02 Lesson 4b Exercise b Read aloud with the correct word stress in the underlined words Then listen and check Please write your corrections on your homework The discovery of America was an important event This exam tests your mathematical ability Computer games are great entertainment Playing tennis involves very good coordination Unit 9 03 Word stress in compound nouns Listen to the compound nouns and repeat Stress the underlined syllables Unit 7 02 Lesson 9a Exercise Lesson 7a Exercise Sentence stress in reported speech breakthrough news reports postman newspaper science fiction gossip magazine television programme radio station a Listen and repeat Underline the stressed syllables He asked me what I was doing She told him where she’d been I said that we’d leave soon b Read these sentences and underline the stressed syllables Then listen and check She said that she’d seen it before I told him that we were going to play football David said that he couldn’t help me Unit 8 05 Lesson 8b Exercise Unit 10 10 07 Lesson 10c Exercise Weak form: /əv/ might have a Listen and repeat might have would have should have may have must have can’t have b Underline the weak forms in these sentences Then listen and repeat I wouldn’t have recognised him He might have been ill She must have liked the film You might have hurt yourself Eliding consonants a Listen and repeat That can’t be a monster She wants a hot dog and a cold drink It’s a great photo I don’t know why She told Pete b Underline the sounds that will disappear in these sentences Then listen, check and repeat I can’t believe it Jade bought a meat pizza! She could be the girl we saw last week 111 Lesson 4d Book reviews WRITING TIPS Divide your review into three paragraphs IFSFQPTTJCMF
KPJOZPVSTFOUFODFTVTJOHSFMBUJWFQSPOPVOT Use other linkers, too See the list below Write a review of a book you have read recently Use relative pronouns, linkers and the questions below to help you Paragraph 1: Introduce the book r8IBUUZQFPGCPPLJTJU r8IPXSPUFJU 8IFO r8IFSFJTJUTFU r8IBUJTUIFCPPLBCPVU Linkers of contrast and time Contrast r although r however Paragraph 2: Describe the main characters and events Time r at first r a few days/weeks/months/years later r one day/morning/afternoon/evening r8IPBSFUIFNBJODIBSBDUFST r8IBUIBQQFOFE Example review Paragraph 3: Give your opinion r8IBUEJEZPVUIJOLPGUIFCPPL Read the example book review and rewrite it using relative pronouns to join the parts in italics ‘The Turn of the Screw’ is a ghost story by 1Henry James, who was a famous American author THE The Turn of the Screw is a ghost story by 1Henry James Henry James was a famous American author He wrote 2the book in 1898 The book is OF THE set in England It is about 3a young governess * The governess arrives at a big house to teach two orphaned children and starts to see ghosts in the house The main character is 4the governess Her job is to look after the children, Miles and Flora At first she feels comfortable with the children and 5the house The house is very old and beautiful However, one night she hears the sound of 6a footstep outside her door This scares her A short while later, she thinks she sees an intruder ** When she comes around 7the corner – the intruder was standing at this corner – he has vanished One evening, the ghosts of the old valet *** and 8the old governess – this governess once had her job – come to haunt her She almost goes mad as she tries to protect the children from 9the evil spirits These spirits are everywhere in the house I enjoyed the book very much, but it’s quite frightening 10 It’s that sort of book It keeps you awake at night I thought about it for days afterwards TURN SCREW * governess: a female teacher in the past, who lived with a rich family and taught their children at home ** intruder: someone who illegally enters a building ***valet: a male servant who looks after men’s clothes 112 Lesson 4d Book reviews WRITING TIPS Divide your review into three paragraphs IFSFQPTTJCMF
KPJOZPVSTFOUFODFTVTJOHSFMBUJWFQSPOPVOT Use other linkers, too See the list below Write a review of a book you have read recently Use relative pronouns, linkers and the questions below to help you Paragraph 1: Introduce the book r 8IBUUZQFPGCPPLJTJU r 8IPXSPUFJU 8IFO r 8IFSFJTJUTFU r 8IBUJTUIFCPPLBCPVU Linkers of contrast and time Contrast r although r however Paragraph 2: Describe the main characters and events Time r at first r a few days/weeks/months/years later r one day/morning/afternoon/evening r 8IPBSFUIFNBJODIBSBDUFST r 8IBUIBQQFOFE Example review Paragraph 3: Give your opinion r 8IBUEJEZPVUIJOLPGUIFCPPL Read the example book review and rewrite it using relative pronouns to join the parts in italics ‘The Turn of the Screw’ is a ghost story by 1Henry James, who was a famous American author THE The Turn of the Screw is a ghost story by 1Henry James Henry James was a famous American author He wrote 2the book in 1898 The book is OF THE set in England It is about 3a young governess * The governess arrives at a big house to teach two orphaned children and starts to see ghosts in the house The main character is 4the governess Her job is to look after the children, Miles and Flora At first she feels comfortable with the children and 5the house The house is very old and beautiful However, one night she hears the sound of 6a footstep outside her door This scares her A short while later, she thinks she sees an intruder ** When she comes around 7the corner – the intruder was standing at this corner – he has vanished One evening, the ghosts of the old valet *** and 8the old governess – this governess once had her job – come to haunt her She almost goes mad as she tries to protect the children from 9the evil spirits These spirits are everywhere in the house I enjoyed the book very much, but it’s quite frightening 10 It’s that sort of book It keeps you awake at night I thought about it for days afterwards TURN SCREW * governess: a female teacher in the past, who lived with a rich family and taught their children at home ** intruder: someone who illegally enters a building ***valet: a male servant who looks after men’s clothes 112 Lesson 6b b Informal letters WRITING TIPS (see the letter below) Write your address [but not your name] in the top right-hand corner Write the date beneath it Start your letter: Dear (Emma) using the first name of the person you are writing to Divide your letter into three paragraphs Finish your letter: With best wishes, With love from … Now use the rest of the words from the box to complete the expressions below c It was great to _ from you Well, that’s _ for now Sorry I haven’t _ sooner I hope to _ you soon I must _ now I’ve got to some homework Write the expressions from parts a) and b) under the correct heading Starting a letter Finishing a letter (Five expressions) (Six expressions) Example letter Thank you very much for your letter 1a Complete the expressions in the letter with the words from the box r TPPOrCFTUXJTIFTrTUPQrmuchrBSSJWFErBMM r BHFTrIFBSrSFQMJFErTFFrMPWF Write an informal letter to an English-speaking friend who you haven’t seen for some time Your friend is coming to visit you Use the letter guide below Greeting Dear … Opening g paragraph O r5IBOLZPVSGSJFOEGPSIJTIFSMFUUFS LZPVSGSJFOEGPSIJTIF r 4BZXIFOJUBSSJWFE XIFOJUBSSJWFE Middle pa paragraph much r "EWJTFZP EWJTFZPVSGSJFOEPOUIFCFTUXBZUP get to your yo house r 3FDPNNFOEUIBUIFTIFCSJOHTTPNF outdoor clothes and something smart ou Explain why r .FOUJPOZPVSGBNJMZBOEBOZGSJFOET you both know Closing paragraph r 4BZZPVNVTUFOEUIFMFUUFS Explain why r "TLIJNIFSUPHJWFZPVSCFTUXJTIFT to his/her parents r 4BZXIFOZPVIPQFUPTFFIJNIFS Ending With … 113 Lesson 8c Stories (narratives) WRITING TIPS Divide your story into paragraphs Use the past simple and past continuous tenses Use time linkers to show the sequence of events For dramatic effect, use interesting linking adverbs and phrases of manner and mood See the lists below Invent a story about an unusual crime which you witnessed Give the story a title Use linking adverbs and phrases like the ones in Exercise Use the questions below to help you Paragraph 1: Set the scene Time linkers, adverbs and adverb phrases Time r at first r then r later (on) r afterwards r after that r not long after r soon r the next day r in the end r finally r a few years/months/weeks/days/minutes/seconds later Manner r suddenly r immediately r quickly r quietly r as quickly/quietly as possible r shaking with fear r slowly r carefully r with (masks on their faces) r without (stopping to think) Mood r to her horror r to her amazement Comment r luckily r unluckily r not surprisingly r strangely r 8IBUIBQQFOFE r )PXEJEZPVSFBDU r 8IBUEJEZPVEP Paragraph 3: Give the ending Complete the example story with a word or phrase from the box above It was Saturday afternoon and eighteen-yearold Jennifer was in a good mood She had just passed her driving test that morning and some friends were coming round in the evening to watch some DVDs Her parents were out shopping and her only job was to the washing before they came back She was putting some clothes in the washing machine in the basement when 1suddenly she heard voices in the living room upstairs _ she thought her parents must have left the TV on Then, a few seconds _ , she heard some footsteps Shaking _ Jennifer tiptoed back upstairs and _ opened the living room door _ horror, two men with masks on their faces were trying to unscrew the TV from the wall _ for her, they didn’t see her and she left the house _ possible On her way out she saw the burglars’ get-away car outside the house _ amazement, the car door was open and 114 Paragraph 2: Describe the event r 8IBUXBTUIFSFTVMU r )PXEJEZPVGFFM Example story r 8IFOEJEUIFJODJEFOUIBQQFO r 8IFSFXFSFZPV r 8IBUXFSFZPVEPJOHBUUIFUJNF r )PXXFSFZPVGFFMJOH 8IZ the engine was running 10 _ stopping to think, she jumped in the car and drove off to a friend’s house round the corner Not 11 _, when the burglars saw that their car had disappeared, they panicked and ran off 12 _ for them, the TV was too heavy to carry, so 13 _ end they left it on the doorstep Jennifer was very relieved when her parents 14 _ arrived home! The police caught the burglars a few weeks 15 _ when they were trying to steal another car! Lesson 8d b Formal letters of application I look forward to meeting you I am very _ in this kind of work Please let me _ if you would like some more information I am quite used to _ with young people I would be very _ if you could contact me on this number WRITING TIPS (see the letter below) Write your address [but not your name] in the top right hand corner and the date beneath it Write the name or position (e.g Club Secretary) and address of the person you are writing to above the greeting Dear … If you know the name of the person you are writing to, start with: Dear Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms (Hudson) and end with Yours sincerely If you don’t know the name, start with: Dear Sir/Madam and end with Yours faithfully Start a new paragraph for each topic Sign the letter with your full name Now use the rest of the words from the box to complete the expressions below Write a letter of application for a job Use the advertisement and the guide below Example letter 1a Complete the expressions in the letter with the words from the box r BQQMJDBUJPOrJOUFSFTUFErapply forrmeetingrBEWFSUJTFE r HSBUFGVMrXPSLFYQFSJFODFrLOPXrHPPEBUrXPSLJOH r GPSXBSErJOUFSWJFX Sundale Youth Centre are looking for a voluntary Sports Assistant aged 16+ to help run our busy Youth Centre during the summer holidays Write to Mr David Wilkins at PO Box 251, Wiltshire SP4 2UQ Greeting g Dear … Opening pa paragraph r4BZXIZZP r4BZXIZZPVBSFXSJUJOH r 4BZXIFSF 4BZXIFSFZPVIFBSEBCPVU UIFKPC UIF apply for Middle paragraph r (JWFZPVSBHFBOETBZXIFSFZPV come from r 4BZIPXHPPEZPVS&OHMJTIJT r FOUJPOBOZIPCCJFTPSTLJMMT r FOUJPOBOZQSFWJPVTFYQFSJFODF r 4BZXIZZPVXPVMEMJLFUIFKPC Closing paragraph r 4BZXIFOZPVDPVMEDPNF for interview Ending Yours … 115 Lesson 10a Discursive essays WRITING TIPS Divide your essay into paragraphs To make your arguments clear, use linkers to make your points See the lists below Mixed linkers Lists r firstly r secondly Addition r in addition r what’s more r furthermore r not only (but also) Contrast r although r however r on the one/other hand Example r for example r such as Opinion r in my opinion r as far as I’m concerned r I think/feel Conclusion r on balance r on the whole r to sum up r in conclusion Example essay Read the example essay and choose the correct linking word or phrase ‘Should older teenagers be paid to go to school?’ In the USA and the UK, people are discussing the idea that older teenagers should be paid to go to school Although / However this shocks many people, others think that it is a good idea There are several reasons why people are in favour of paying teenagers to go to school 2In conclusion / Firstly / What’s more, it encourages teenagers to stay in education and get better qualifications 3Furthermore / On the whole / However, the extra money that teenagers earn can be very useful to pay for necessities in addition / in my opinion / such as travel, books and food 5On the other hand / On balance / To sum up many people feel that paying older teenagers to learn is a bad idea They say it is expensive and the government can’t afford the money I think / On the whole / In addition they argue that it may encourage some students to stay at school for the wrong reason, 7however / for example / what’s more because they want to earn the money and not because they want to study 8To sum up / Furthermore / Firstly, there are strong arguments for and against paying older teenagers to study 9On the other hand / Such as / In my opinion it is a bad idea because it encourages the wrong kind of attitude to learning 116 You are going to write an essay arguing for and against the topic ‘Honesty is always the best policy’ First, match the paragraphs (1–4) to the opening sentences (A–D) Introduction ‘For’ paragraph ‘Against’ paragraph Conclusion A If you always behave well, you will always feel good about yourself B On balance I feel that honesty is (not) always the best policy because C On the other hand, sometimes it’s kind to tell a few little lies D It seems obvious at first that honesty is always the best policy Look at the notes below and list your main points for each paragraph Then write your essay Try to include linkers in your essay Paragraph 1: Introduction r4 UBSUXJUIBTUBUFNFOUBCPVUUIF essay title r 4BZUIBUUIFSFBSFUXPTJEFTUP the argument Paragraph 2: ‘For’ paragraph r 8SJUFBUPQJDTFOUFODFUPJOUSPEVDF the points for the statement r (JWFUXPPSUISFFNBJOQPJOUT r .BLFTVSFUIBUZPVJODMVEF examples or explanations Paragraph 3: ‘Against’ paragraph r 8SJUFBUPQJDTFOUFODFUPJOUSPEVDF the points against the statement r (JWFUXPPSUISFFNBJOQPJOUT r .BLFTVSFUIBUZPVJODMVEF examples or explanations Paragraph 4: Conclusion r 8SJUFBTIPSUTVNNBSZ r (JWFZPVSPQJOJPOBOEBSFBTPO Unit Lesson 1a Clothes, styles, accessories and patterns bandana bangle combat trousers fleece flip-flops hairband high heels KVNQFS leggings suit tie tights tracksuit bottoms tracksuit top changing room concentrate design enterprising extend market original smart stall suit (v) try on wedding weird What are you after? something (plain) Anyway How’s it going? every other (Saturday) Lesson 1b accommodation agency bright camera operator the Caribbean close-up conditions extra (n) film (v) flashy mansion the Med present (adj) showbiz trick photography Lesson 1c Adjectives to describe work badly-paid boring creative dangerous dull educational exciting glamorous interesting rewarding safe stressful tiring well-paid worthwhile ambition backpacking better-qualified choice conduct degree freedom frequently full-time graduate recording studio school-leaver sound technician straightaway trouble voluntary work web-designing Lesson 1d adaptable bargain beanie beyond sb’s budget bothered car boot child labour designer developing ensure ethical factor Fairtrade fashion item fashionable image influence look (n) manufacture media mix and match plant (v) product proper realistic recycled reflect renewable shopper source stuff suitability tend to unusual wage Unit Lesson 2a avoid balance bleeding concern enter fancy kneepad pale swerved No problem I bet you’re glad … get the hang of it I’d better get going I could with (a coffee) Lesson 2b Phrasal verbs with up cheer up give up make up pick up stand up take up turn up casually checkout head teacher ring (v) row rub sauce stage stain tablecloth tissue Lesson 2c Transport and travel change (buses/ trains/planes) cycle drive fly get a lift get in/out of (a car) get on/off (a bus/ train/plane) go by (car/bus/ train/plane/ boat/bike) go on foot ride (a bike/ motorbike) sail walk apartment board celebrity determined donkey Dutch exhibition high school housing authority lucky break minor the Netherlands sacrifice set off support Thai USBGGJDKBN Lesson 2d achievement advertisement air show altitude ambitious apply circle (v) expedition glider hero/es launch non-stop solo space space station tragically vocation wealth wreckage Unit Lesson 3a Food and kitchen equipment bowl can (tin) opener cheese grater chopping board crockery cup cutlery fork frying pan kettle knife peeler plate saucepan saucer scales sieve spoon utensils accepted basic book (v) consist experience five-a-side flour hit show open fire participant permanently screening tinned tough uninhabited Lesson 3b Part-time jobs babysitting cutting grass delivering newspapers dog-walking painting and decorating serving in a shop stacking shelves teaching computer skills waiting at tables washing cars broke (adj) chill out CV deal with earn hand-out neglect pressure qualifications rely sixth former value Lesson 3c allowed to come over compartment departure lounge fasten let make (sb sth) seatbelt sound Lesson 3d apply armed border civil war eldest eventually pay back peaceful pride refugee refugee camp respect (v) situation trust (v) visa Unit Lesson 4a Phrasal verbs with on carry on catch on count on get on hold on log on switch on try on award fold up futurologist inventor Jupiter plenty predict remarkable tiny workplace Lesson 4b amazing cards crash darts fair fantastic for ages (PPEGPSZPV graphics install instrument lyrics miserable pity shame (a real …) Well done! that great have a go (be) up for it dead easy Hard luck It’s my turn Lesson 4c Words connected with music album backing singer band beat charts lead singer lyrics producer rapper single song songwriter track voice 117 dozen driving test fast lane multi-millionaire passion podium QSJWBUFKFU professional racing driver solid Lesson 4d author book review child-like creature difficulty/ies disease energetic evil extract fight (v) forecast (v) genetically modified gentle insect living conditions low intelligence machine main character mysteriously notice nuclear war physically predict social underground violent weak weed Unit Lesson 5a appalled argument as long as benefit community disturb expected fuss over nothing keen on legal action local council prevent provided that reassure resident suffer Lesson 5b Extreme weather and natural disasters avalanche blizzard drought 118 earthquake famine flood gale hail (storm) heatwave hurricane/ cyclone landslide lightning snow (storm) storm thunder (storm) tornado tsunami volcanic eruption alarm cow damage early warning system elephant emergency get going panic power reach rescue worker sound (v) Lesson 5c Camping equipment camping stove compass insect repellent matches painkillers penknife plasters rucksack sleeping bag suntan lotion tent tin opener torch walking boots anorak refuse rental shop sales assistant swimming trunks towel waterproof (I’ll) open it up What are you after? I’ve only got (a fiver) on me How sad is that! Lesson 5d chunk compact (adj) connection constant continuous cover (v) downhill float (v) form (v) fresh water frozen glacier global warming iceberg land NBKPS melt ocean liner polar bear radio operator region release (v) rise sea level seal snowfall soil worldwide worm Unit Lesson 6a Transitive phrasal verbs ask out check out find out give back pick up put down put on switch on switch off take off turn on turn off turn up turn down document for free government intelligence service invisible mend rat secret split up stay up Lesson 6b complicated cute drastic grab out of date over the top refund sensible voicemail That’s all very well See you in … Hands off! Lesson 6c Noun suffixes -ion, -ment, -ity and -y able/ability accurate/ accuracy brave/bravery coordinate/ coordination correct/correction decide/decision difficult/difficulty disappoint/ disappointment discover/ discovery entertain/ entertainment excite/excitement explain/ explanation imagine/ imagination improve/ improvement move/movement organise/ organisation possible/ possibility real/reality similar/similarity Verb with infinitive agree decide encourage expect forget help hope manage offer plan promise refuse seem want would like Verb with gerund admit avoid can’t stand carry on deny FOKPZ fancy finish give up keep look forward to miss not mind practise stop suggest collection display exhibit instant loaf oven pen friend Lesson 6d afford atmosphere available blame budget charge decorate decorated (adj) disappointed elect election hire hold (a party) keep (= continue) rubbish! school hall stand for strike (v) Student President venue vote for wicked (= great) Unit Lesson 7a design (v) get back incoming IT course outgoing right now stock take a call through to Thanks for calling back Well, … quid Actually, … let me guess … Lesson 7b accept aggressive assertive come round communicate complain diplomatic feed HMBTTKVH go clubbing hope for the best offend stand up for switch channels takeaway Lesson 7c Relationship words and phrases make friends (with) be close friends (with) be close to be there for trust keep in touch (with) lose touch (with although despite however in spite of on the other hand reader recently stressful Lesson 7d all in favour of contact (n) digital exchange visit keep an eye on landline lifeline phone bill photographic record (n) regularly screen-free survey via waste webcam Unit Lesson 8a ages caretaker character cover run out of safely spill state suntan oil torn Hang on That old (wreck)? What a drag! Lesson 8b Phrasal verbs with away get away get away with give sth away go away look away put sth away run away throw sth away awful downside privacy publicity researcher Lesson 8c Crime accuse sb of arrest a criminal arrest sb for (bank) robber break into a building burglar burgle a house catch a criminal charge sb with commit a crime convict sb of draw graffiti go to prison mug a person mugger pay a fine pickpocket rob a bank/ person sentence sb to (a period of time) for (a crime) shoplifter steal some money suspect sb of thief vandal vandalise property write graffiti accomplice case conclude death fraud go missing hop off life insurance oxygen cylinder proof raft release reliable rescuer string QSPKFDU protect staff vaccination volunteer well (n) Unit Lesson 9a The media breaking news headline live report news bulletin news update online newspaper the press social media breakthrough collapse constantly dedicate dramatically expose frequent legend messenger physically pigeon relay replace source telegraph machine transform transmit urgent wire Lesson 9b apart from bit (n) compulsory edit film crew fine (v) litter particularly replace roof tops What’s going on? that much What more you want? Dream on! Lesson 8d Lesson 9c branch dig donation emergency in need leading medical nutrition persuade poverty Adjective and noun formation angry/anger beautiful/beauty brave/bravery confident/ confidence courageous/ courage cruel/cruelty different/ difference greedy/greed high/height hopeful/hope lucky/luck poor/poverty proud/pride stressful/stress strong/strength successful/ success true/truth wise/wisdom young/youth campaign destroy experiment fur coat online-bullying priority satisfying selfish victim Lesson 9d asbestos breathe demolish dump dust face mask get rid of hesitate impress impression in a good mood look forward to lung cancer nasty stuff skip (n) toxic work experience Unit 10 Lesson 10a Verbs connected with money borrow (from) (can) afford donate (to) earn get into debt give (away) (go) bankrupt inherit invest (in) lend lose make owe (to) pay pay (sb) back raise repay reward save (up for) spend (on) astonishing details diamond homeless beggar honesty KFXFMMFS loose online fundraising page pavement policy reunite spread swap host(ess) How you do? hug (v/n) kiss (v/n) lively on time punctuality shake hands social unlike wrap (v) Lesson 10b Phrasal verbs with out eat out find out leave out point out sell out throw out turn out work out catastrophe drive (sb) crazy employ essay have a clue homemade order profitable recipe regret (n) toothpaste Lesson 10c application form cheesecake deserve fail grade grant hand-printed retake What are you up to? That’s such a pain Tell me about it! How about it? It’s on me Lead the way! Lesson 10d bouquet cheek clear up close (adj) consequently custom gift greet 119 120 Infinitive Past Past participle Infinitive Past Past participle be beat become begin bend break bring build burn buy can catch choose come cost cut draw dream drink drive eat fall feel fight find fly forget get give go grow hang have hear hide hit hold hurt keep know learn leave lend was/were beat became began bent broke brought built burnt bought could caught chose came cost cut did drew dreamt drank drove ate fell felt fought found flew forgot got gave went grew hung/hanged had heard hid hit held hurt kept knew learnt left lent been beaten become begun bent broken brought built burnt bought (been able) caught chosen come cost cut done drawn dreamt drunk driven eaten fallen felt fought found flown forgotten got given gone/been grown hung/hanged had heard hidden hit held hurt kept known learnt left lent light lose make mean meet must oversleep pay put read ride ring run say see sell send set off shake shine show shut sing sink sit sleep smell speak spend spread stand steal sting swim take teach tear tell think throw understand wake wear win write lit lost made meant met had to overslept paid put read /red/ rode rang ran said saw sold sent set off shook shone showed shut sang sank sat slept smelt spoke spent spread stood stole stung swam took taught tore told thought threw understood woke wore won wrote lit lost made meant met (had to) overslept paid put read /red/ ridden rung run said seen sold sent set off shaken shone shown shut sung sunk sat slept smelt spoken spent spread stood stolen stung swum taken taught torn told thought thrown understood woken worn won written