Bí quyết giải đề thi học sinh giỏi tiếng anh

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PHẦN MỞ ĐẦU

BÍ QUYÊT GIẢI ĐỀ THI HỌC SINH GIỎI MÔN TIẾNG ANH

1 GIẢI BÀI TẬP VỀ KĨ NĂNG NGHE - LISTENING:

1.1 Đánh giá chung: Phần này kiểm tra kĩ năng nghe hiểu của học sinh về các chủ đề, chủ điểm như

nhà trường – gia đình – xã hội – kĩ năng giao tiếp Bối cảnh nghe thường diễn ra tại khách sạn, nhà hang, sân bay, văn phòng, các đại lí nhà đất, du lịch Hình thức bài nghe thường là các cuộc hội thoại, điện đàm, bài phát biểu, bài nói chuyện về các vấn đề được đề cập Yêu cầu bài nghe gồm các hình thức như: listen for specific details, listen to fill in the missing information, listening comprehension (listen then answer the questions, listen to retell the story,…) Để làm chủ phần nghe học sinh cần chú

ý vào các yêu cầu sau:

- Nghe các con số, các thông tin chi tiết như vị trí, giá cả, số điện thoại, ngày giờ

- Nghe các số liệu, tên, địa chỉ, phương tiện, hình thức công việc, các sắc thái tình cảm

- Nghe phán đoán nội dung, tìm chủ đề và các thông tin đặc biệt

- Nghe hiểu cốt chuyện, thuật lại cốt chuyện và nội dung chính

1.2 Một số gợi ý khi nghe:

- Chuẩn bị tốt tâm lí trước khi nghe bằng cách:

+ Đọc trước thật kĩ nội dung yêu cầu, câu hỏi phần cần nghe (trên đề)

+ Đoán chủ đề bài nghe, liên tưởng các kiến thức về chủ đề nghe

+ Chuẩn bị các từ vựng, cấu trúc có liên quan (theo phán đoán)

+ Đoán trước theo nội dung câu hỏi (có thể chính xác)

- Chuẩn bị cho bài làm bằng cách:

+ Liệt kê (trên nháp) thứ tự các câu hỏi theo đề bài

+ Để khoảng cách giữa các câu hỏi sao cho có thể thay đổi được đáp án

+ Điền nội dung đoán trước nếu có

- Kĩ năng nghe:

+ Tập trung tối đa tinh thần, nhưng không quá lo lắng hay sốt sắng

+ Chú ý nghe trọng âm, từ nhấn mạnh, điều lặp lại

+ Suy luận phần không nghe được theo kiến thức về văn hóa, ngữ pháp, ngữ nghĩa

- Hoàn thiện bài làm:

+ Kiểm tra các thông tin càn thiết, tính logic, hợp lí của các thông tin nghe được

+ Kiểm tra lại tính tương thíc về ngữ nghĩa, ngữ pháp và văn phong của các đáp án

+ Hoàn thành bài làm bằng việc suy đoán các đáp án không nghe được

1.3 Một số địa chỉ hoặc phương pháp luyện nghe:

- Nghe trực tuyến trên các websites như: www.luyennghetienganh.com,

- Luyện nghe trực tuyến, ngoại tuyến các phần nghe của TOEFL, TOEFL iBT, IELTS,…

- Sử dụng các tài liệu nghe có ở các hiệu sách

- Xem phim không phụ đề, không dịch,…

- Nghe bài hát (tốt nhất)

2 GIẢI BÀI TẬP VỀ PHÁT ÂM - PRONUNCIATION:

2.1 Đánh giá chung: Phần này kiểm tra khả năng nhận biết cách phát âm các chữ cái được gạch dưới

theo cách phát âm các nguyên âm, nguyên âm đôi, ba, các phụ âm, chùm phụ âm của các từ có trong chương trình hoặc liên quan đến chương trình Tiếng Anh THPT hiện hành Để làm tốt phần bài tập này, thí sinh cần nắm vững:

- Bảng phiên âm quốc tế

- Các tổ hợp chữ cái sản sinh ra các âm dễ gây nhầm lẫn

- Các tổ hợp chữ cái sản sinh ra các âm đặc biệt

- Quy tắc phát âm theo cách phát âm được giới thiệu ở sách giáo khoa Tiếng Anh 10, 11, 12

2.2 Bảng phiên âm quốc tế:

TT Nguyên âm

đơn Nguyên âm đôi vô thanh Phụ âm Phụ âm hữu thanh

- Phát âm là /id/ nếu liền trước các tổ hợp chữ cái này là các phụ âm /t/ và /d/

Ví dụ: started /’sta:tid/; acted /’æktid/; lasted/’la:stid/; listed/’listid/; painted /’peintid/;decided/di’saidid/; provided/prә’vaidid/; landed /’lændid/; added /’ædid/

Ngoài ra còn có các từ bất qui tắc cụ thể gồm: sacred /’seikrid/; hatred/’heitrid/;

crooked/’krukid/; beloved/bi’lvid/; wicked/’wikid/; naked/’neikid/

- Phát âm là /t/ nếu liền trước các tổ hợp chữ cái này là các phụ âm /k, f, s, ʃ, tʃ, p/

Ví dụ: cooked/’kukt/; laughed/’la:ft/; glanced/’glænst/; washed/’woʃt/; watched /’wotʃt/; stopped/’stopt/

- Các trường hợp còn lại phát âm là /d/

Ví dụ: earned/’з:nd/; played/’pleid/; employed/im’ploid/; died/’daid/; moved/’muvd/

b Tổ hợp các chữ cái tận cùng “s”:

- Phát âm là /s/ nếu liền trước của chúng là các âm /p,k,t,f,/

Ví dụ: caps/’kæps/; peaks/’pi:ks/; laughs/’la:fs/; tenths/’tens/

- Phát âm là /z/ đối với các trường hợp còn lại

Ví dụ: hands/’hændz/; ears/’i:rz/; boys/’boiz/; apples/’æplz/

c Các cặp nguyên âm đơn:

Ví dụ: /i/ vs /i:/; /e/ vs /æ/; /ɔ/ vs /ɔ:/; // vs /a:/; /ʊ/ vs /u:/; /ә/ vs /з:/

d Các nguyên âm và phụ âm khác

2.4 Một số bài tập luyện phát âm: phần thứ hai cuốn sách này

3 GIẢI BÀI TẬP VỀ TRỌNG ÂM - STRESS:

3.1 Đánh giá chung: Phần này kiểm tra cách xác định trọng âm chính của các từ đa âm tiết các từ

vựng được kiểm tra thường có trong chương trình Tiếng Anh THPT hiện hành Để làm tốt phần bài tập này, học sinh cần nắm vững:

- Thế nào là trọng âm, trọng âm chính

- Các quy tắc xác định trọng âm chính của từ

- Phần phiên âm các từ vựng được giới thiệu ở sách giáo khoa Tiếng Anh 10, 11, 12

3.2 Một số qui tắc đánh trọng âm:

a Đối với các từ có 2 âm tiết

- Trọng âm chính của các từ có hai âm tiết thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2 đối với các động từ (trừ trường hợp các âm tiết thứ 2 đó có chứa nguyên âm /ә/, /i/, hoặc /әʊ/), và rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất đối với các từ loại còn lại (trừ trường hợp âm tiết thứ nhất đó có chứa nguyên âm đơn /ә/)

1 appeal (v) /ә’pi:l/ brother (n) /’brә/ ancient /’einsәnt/

2 appear (v) /ә’pir/ color (n) /’k lә/ annual /’ænjʊәl/

3 approach (v) /ә’prɔ:tʃ / dhoti (n) /’hәʊti/ concave /’kɔnkeiv/

4 arrange (v) /ә’reidʒ / father (n) /’f a:ә/ hardly / ’ha:dli /

5 decide (v) /di’said/ mother (n) /’mә/ never / ’nevә /

- Đối với những từ có mang tiền tố, hậu tố, trọng âm chính của từ đó thường rơi vào âm tiết gốc

1 become / bi’km / quickly / ’kwikli / threaten / ’θretәn /

2 react / ri’ækt / builder / ’bildә / failure / ’feiljʊә /

3 foretell / fɔ’tel / lately / ’leitli / daily / ’deili /

4 begin / bi’gin / actual / ’æktʊәl / treatment / ’tri:tmәnt /

5 unknown / n’knәʊn / sandy / ’sændi / ruler / ’ru:lә /

b Đối với các từ có hơn 2 âm tiết

- Đối với các từ có hơn hai âm tiết, trọng âm chính thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ ba kể từ âm tiết cuối

1 family /’fæmili/ philosopher /fi’lɔ:sɔfә/ biology /bai’ɔ:lɔdʒi /

2 cinema /’sinәmә / character /’kæriktә/ democracy /di’mɔ:krәsi/

3 regular /’regjʊlә / interest /’intәrist/ satisfy /’sætisfai /

4 singular /’siŋgjʊlә / internet /’intәnet/ dedicate /’delikeit /

5 international /intә’næʃәnәl/ different /’difәrәnt/ philosophy /fi’lɔ:sɔfi /

- Đối với các từ có tận cùng như “ian”, “ic”, “ience”, “ient”, “al”, “ial”, “ual”, “eous”, “ious”, “iar”, “ion”,

trọng âm chính thường rơi vào âm tiết liền trước của các tận cùng này – thứ 2 kể từ âm tiết cuối

ian physician / fi’ziksәn / musician / mjʊ’ziksәn /

ic athletic / eθ’letik / energetic / enә’dʒetik /

ience experience / iks’priәns / convenience / kәn’veniәn /

ient expedient / iks’pediәnt / ingredient / in’gri:diәn /

al parental / pә’rentәl / refusal / re’fjʊzәl /

ial essential / i’senʃәl/ confidential / kәnfi’denʃәl /

ual habitual / hæ’bi:tʃʊәl / individual / indi’vi:dʊәl /

eous courageous / kɔ’rægәʊs / spontaneous / spɔn’tænәʊs /

ious delicious / de’li:ʃIәʊs / industrious / in’dstriәʊs /

ion decision / di’si:zn / communication / kәmjʊni’keiʃn /

iar familiar / fә’mi:liә / unfamiliar / nfә’mi:liә /

- Đối với các từ có tận cùng “ese”, “ee’, “eer”, “ier”, “ette”, “oo”, “esque”, trọng âm chính thường rơi vào

chính các âm tiết chứa các tận cùng này

ee refugee / refjʊ’dʒi: / employee / implɔi’i: /

eer volunteer / vɔln’tiә / engineer / endʒi’nIә /

ese Portuguese / pɔtjʊ’gi:s / Vietnamese / vietn’mi:s /

ette ushrette / ʃ’ret / cigarette / sigә’ret /

esque bamboo / bæm’bu: / picturesque / piktʃә’res /

- Đối với các từ có tận cùng là “ate”, “fy”, “ity”, “ize”, trọng âm chính thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ ba kể

từ âm tiết cuối

ate dedicate / ’dedikeit/ communicate / kә’mjʊnikeit/

fy classify / ’kla:sifai / satisfy / ’sætisfai /

ity ability / ә’bi:liti / responsibility / respɔsi’bi:liti /

ize recognize / ’rekɔgnaiz / urbanize / ’ɜ:bәnaiz /

ety society / sәʊ’saiәti/ anxiety / æŋ’zaiәti /

3.3 Một số bài tập luyện xác định trọng âm của từ: phần thứ hai cuốn sách này

4 GIẢI BÀI TẬP VỀ THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ - VERBS TENSES:

4.1 Đánh giá chung: Phần này kiểm tra việc xác định thì của động từ (theo các nhòm thì ngữ pháp

như The Present Tenses, The Past Tenses, The Future Tenses) dựa vào các ngữ cụ thể cho từng câu hỏi cụ thể Học sinh đặc biệt chú trọng đến ngữ cảnh của lời nói, các dấu hiệu về thời gian (trạng từ, trạng ngữ, mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian) để xác định cho đúng cách chia của động từ cho trước Cần nắm vững các yếu tố sau:

- Cấu tạo, cách sử dụng, dấu hiệu nhận biết của thì hiện tại đơn (The simple present tense)

- Cấu tạo, cách sử dụng, dấu hiệu nhận biết của thì hiện tại tiếp diễn (The present progressive tense)

- Cấu tạo, cách sử dụng, dấu hiệu nhận biết của thì hiện tại hoàn thành (The present perfect tense)

- Cấu tạo, cách sử dụng, dấu hiệu nhận biết của thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn (The present perfect progressive tense)

- Cấu tạo, cách sử dụng, dấu hiệu nhận biết của thì quá khứ đơn (The simple past tense)

- Cấu tạo, cách sử dụng, dấu hiệu nhận biết của thì quá khứ đơn (The simple past tense)

- Cấu tạo, cách sử dụng, dấu hiệu nhận biết của thì quá khứ tiếp diễn (The past progressive tense)

- Cấu tạo, cách sử dụng, dấu hiệu nhận biết của thì quá khứ hoàn thành (The past perfect tense)

- Cấu tạo, cách sử dụng, dấu hiệu nhận biết của thì tương lai đơn (The simple future tense)

- Cấu tạo, cách sử dụng, dấu hiệu nhận biết của thì tương lai tiếp diễn (The future progressive tense)

- Cấu tạo, cách sử dụng, dấu hiệu nhận biết của thì tương lai hoàn thành (The future perfect tense)

4.2 Cấu trúc ngữ pháp khác:

- Sử dụng thì hiện tại (đơn, tiếp diễn) để nói về tương lai

- Sử dụng thức bị động cho các động từ

- Sử dụng câu trực tiếp, gián tiếp

- Sử dụng câu điều kiện (loại 1,2,3, loại trộn 1,2, loại đặc biệt)

- Sử dụng các hình thức đảo ngữ

- Sử dụng câu giả định:

+ Giả định với Wish, Would rather

+ Giả định với As if, As though

+ Giả định với “It be ADJ that S (should) V”

+ Giả định với “S1 V1 that S2 (should) V2”

4.3 Một số bài tập chia động từ: phần thứ hai cuốn sách này

5 GIẢI BÀI TẬP VỀ TỪ BIẾN THỂ - DERIVED WORDS:

5.1 Đánh giá chung: Phần này kiểm tra kiến thức của học sinh về các từ biến thể của từ vựng từ một

từ gốc như Động từ - Danh từ - Tính từ - Trạng từ - Tiền tố - Hậu tố: Các kiến thức về trật tự từ, cách

sử dụng, cách cấu tạo các từ phái sinh Học sinh cần nắm:

- Kiến thức về từ loại

- Một số tiền tố, hậu tố thông dụng

- Một số thành ngữ, cụm ngữ cố định trong tiếng Anh

- Yếu tố văn hóa của các nước nói tiếng Anh

- Từ vựng xuất hiện trong các bài học sách giáo khoa Tiếng Anh 10, 11, 12

5.2 Một số bài tập xác định từ loại: phần thứ hai cuốn sách này

6 GIẢI BÀI TẬP VỀ NHẬN DIỆN LỖI - ERROR IDENTIFICATION:

6.1 Đánh giá chung: Yêu cầu của phần bài tập này nhằm kiểm tra kiến thức của học sinh về rất nhiều

mảng kiến thức như; ngữ pháp, từ vựng, sự hòa hợp của các yếu tố cấu thành câu, mạo từ, giới từ, các kiến thức về cụm từ, mệnh đề, Để giải quyết yêu cầu của phần bài tập này học sinh phải nắm được:

- Từ loại, cấu tạo, số từ, cách sử dụng, chức năng ngữ pháp

- Từ phái sinh, từ ghép, trật tự từ

- Các hình thức ngữ pháp phù hợp với từ loại, ngữ nghĩa, tình thái của từ loại

- Thì của động từ, thành ngữ, các ngữ cố định

- Sự hòa hợp các thành tố của câu, các yếu tố ngữ pháp

- Mệnh đề, các liên từ dùng cho mệnh đề, đại từ

6.2 Hình thức bài tập xác định từ loại:

a Xác định một trong bốn phần gạch dưới bị sai:

- Xác định từ loại, số từ, thì của động từ, các hình thái mệnh đề,…

- Loại trừ các phần logic về ngữ pháp, ngữ nghĩa, chức năng từ vựng,…

b Xác định lỗi ở mỗi dòng:

- Xác định từ loại, số từ, thì của động từ, các hình thái mệnh đề,…

- Loại trừ các phần logic về ngữ pháp, ngữ nghĩa, chức năng từ vựng,…

- Chú ý các từ loại như:

+ Mạo từ, danh từ đếm được, không đếm được, số ít, nhiều

+ Lỗi về chính tả,…

6.2 Một số bài tập xác định từ sai: phần thứ hai cuốn sách này

7 GIẢI BÀI TẬP VỀ TỪ CHỨC NĂNG – PARTIAL FILLING:

7.1 Đánh giá chung: Yêu cầu của bài tập này nhằm kiểm tra các kiến thức của học sinh về các từ

vựng chức năng như mạo từ, giới từ, cụm ngữ cố định, thành ngữ, Bài tập này yêu cầu điền từ khuyết vào câu còn chưa hoàn tất Để làm tốt bài tập này, học sinh cần:

- Kiến thức về từ loại, đặc biệt chú ý tới các partials (từ chức năng)

- Động từ giới từ, động từ cụm, các ngữ cố định, các thành ngữ

- Cách sử dụng các mạo từ

- Từ loại, số từ, lỗi chính tả khi viết

- Từ vựng xuất hiện trong các bài học sách giáo khoa Tiếng Anh 10, 11, 12

7.2 Một số bài tập về từ chức năng: phần thứ hai cuốn sách này

8 GIẢI BÀI TẬP VỀ TỪ VỰNG VÀ NGỮ PHÁP - LEXICO GRAMMAR:

8.1 Đánh giá chung: Bài tập này nhằm kiểm tra kiến thức của học sinh về các mảng kiến thức như;

mạo từ, giới từ, ngữ pháp, sự hòa hợp của các yếu tố cấu thành câu, cụm từ, mệnh đề, thành ngữ, Để giải quyết yêu cầu của phần bài tập này học sinh phải nắm được:

- Từ loại, cấu tạo, số từ, cách sử dụng, chức năng ngữ pháp

- Từ phái sinh, từ ghép, trật tự từ

- Các hình thức ngữ pháp phù hợp với từ loại, ngữ nghĩa, tình thái của từ loại

- Thì của động từ, thành ngữ, các ngữ cố định, nguyên thể, danh động từ,

- Sự hòa hợp các thành tố của câu, các yếu tố ngữ pháp

- Mệnh đề, các liên từ dùng cho mệnh đề, đại từ

- Câu giao tiếp, các tình huống ngôn ngữ

- Các yếu tố văn học, nhân vật nổi tiếng, văn hóa, các mẫu câu

8.2 Một số bài tập về ngữ pháp và từ vựng MCQs: phần thứ hai cuốn sách này

9 GIẢI BÀI TẬP VỀ ĐỌC ĐIỀN KHUYẾT - GAPS FILLING:

9.1 Đánh giá chung: Bài Để giải quyết yêu cầu của phần bài tập này học sinh phải có kiến thức ngữ

pháp tốt, vốn từ vựng khá, hiểu được các thành ngữ, đặc biệt phải nắm được càng nhiều cụm từ, ngữ

cố định càng tốt Phần bài tập này thường kiểm tra các kiến thức:

- Kĩ năng sử dụng từ vựng (cụm từ; collocations; )

- Kĩ năng sử dụng trật tự từ, mối quan hệ từ vựng,các ngữ cố định, thành ngữ

- Hiểu biết về thì, mệnh đề và các yếu tố văn hóa

- Sự hòa hợp các thành tố của câu, các yếu tố ngữ pháp

- Mệnh đề, các liên từ dùng cho mệnh đề, đại từ

9.2 Một số bài tập về đọc điền khuyết: phần thứ hai cuốn sách này

10 GIẢI BÀI TẬP VỀ ĐỌC HIỂU - READING COMPREHENSION:

10.1 Đánh giá chung: Để làm tốt loại bài tập đọc hiểu chúng ta cần phân tích và chia nhóm các loại

câu hỏi, vân dụng các kĩ năng giải các nhóm câu hỏi cụ thể để hoàn thành bài tập Thông thường, bài tập đọc hiểu gồm hai bài đọc với chừng 10 câu hỏi kèm theo thuộc các nhóm câu hỏi cụ thể sau:

Type 1: Vocabulary questions:

Khái quát: Identify vocabulary meaning (3 – 5 questions/ 1 passage)

Câu hỏi: - The word/ phrase “X” is closest in meaning to

- The word/ phrase “X” could/ can be best replaced by

- The word/ phrase “X” probably means

Type 2: Reference questions:

Khái quát: Identify the referent a reference word “refers to” (0 – 2 questions/ 1 passage)

Câu hỏi: - The word/ phrase “X” refers to_

Type 3&4: Factual & negative factual questions:

Khái quát: Choose an answer that is true or untrue according to the passage

Factual (3-6 questions/ 1 passage); Negative factual (0-2 questions/ 1 passage)

Câu hỏi: Factual: - Which of the following statements is TRUE of ?

- It is indicated in the passage that

- According to the passage, _

Negative factual: - Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE of ?

- All of the following statements are true EXCEPT

Type 5: Sentence simplification questions:

Khái quát: Find the best replacement of key information from long and complex sentences (1 question/ 1 passage)

Câu hỏi: Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the

highlighted sentence in the passage?

Type 6: Prose Summary: Complete a summary of a passage (1 question/ 1 passage)

Type 7: Classify, categorize, organize information questions:

Khái quát: Categorize specific facts in the passage (1 question/ 1 passage)

Type 8: Inference questions:

Khái quát: Make inferences, form generalizations and draw conclusions based on what is implied in a passage (0-2 questions/ 1 passage)

Câu hỏi: - It is implied in the passage that

- It can/ could be inferred from the passage that

- It is suggested in the passage that

Type 9: Rhetorical purpose questions:

Khái quát: Recognize why an author explains concept in a certain way (0-2 questions/ 1 passage)

Câu hỏi: - Why does the author state X?

- Why does the author mention X?

- The author mentions X in order to

10.2 Một số bài tập về đọc hiểu: phần thứ hai cuốn sách này

11 GIẢI BÀI TẬP VỀ CHUYỂN ĐỔI CÂU - SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION:

11.1 Đánh giá chung: Phần bài tập này nhằm kiểm tra tổng hợp kiến thức ngữ pháp, từ vựng, năng

lực sử dụng ngôn ngữ, và các kiến thức về văn hóa của người học Bài tập này gồm 5-10 câu hỏi được phân chia theo thang nhận thức, căn cứ vào yêu cầu về chuẩn kiến thức kĩ năng theo qui định của chương trình Nhìn chung các câu hỏi phần này chủ yếu dựa vào các hình thức chuyển đổi câu như:

- Chuyển đổi câu dựa vào thì của động từ

- Chuyển đổi câu dựa vào các hình thức câu so sánh

- Chuyển đổi câu dựa vào kĩ năng sử dụng từ vựng: từ, cụm từ, thành ngữ hay cấu trúc cố định

- Chuyển đổi câu dựa vào hình thái lời nói: trực tiếp – gián tiếp; chủ động – bị động; lối nói trần thuật – đảo ngữ, nhấn mạnh;

- Chuyển đổi câu dựa trên nền tảng kiến thức về cụm từ và mệnh đề (nguyên nhân; nhượng bộ; mục đích; tác động và hiệu ứng; mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian; mệnh đề lược; câu chẻ; mệnh

đề điều kiện; quan hệ; )

11.2 Cấu trúc cụ thể:

11.2.1 Time lines: Dòng thời gian

1 Simple Past vs Present Perfect

Eg 1 They last met 5 years ago

He last

4 We haven’t gathered for 5 months

The last time _

2 Before vs The first/ second/… time:

Eg 1 This is the first time they have ever eaten snails

11.2.2 Comparisons: Dựa theo cấu trúc so sánh

1 Comparative vs (negative) Positive:

Eg 1 Apples are cheaper than oranges

Apples are _

2 He drove more carefully than his brother

His brother didn’t _

E.g 1 He bought his new shoes when he was on holiday

His new shoes

2 Don’t tough that wire

That wire

3 You must clean the machine every time you use it

The machine

11.2.6 Indirect speech: Câu gián tiếp

E.g 1 “Why don’t we go out for dinner?” said Lary

E.g 1 He was too young to join the army

He was not old

2 She was such a nice girl that we loved her very much

2 Despite the bad weather, we enjoyed the match thoroughly

Although the weather

3 Disabled as she was, she lived happily and thought poositively

No matter how

11.2 Một số bài tập về viết chuyển đổi câu: phần thứ hai cuốn sách này

12 GIẢI BÀI TẬP VỀ VIẾT LUẬN – ESSAY WRITING:

12.1 Đánh giá chung: Phần này yêu cầu học sinh viết essay (bài luận) để bàn về một vấn đề cụ thể

như: đời sống, môi trường, vấn đề xã hội, nhiên liệu, ô nhiễm, lối sống, các vấn đề của thời đại, đời sống học đường, giáo dục, y tế, bảo vệ thiên nhiên, đô thị hóa, toàn cầu hóa, Học sinh cần nắm được các yêu cầu:

- Cấu trúc một essay ( trên 200 từ - từ 4 đoạn văn trở lên)

- Cấu trúc hành văn, mối liên kết, lập luận

- Cách sử dụng ngôn ngữ, lối phân tích: đưa vấn đề - giải thích – chứng minh – ví dụ

- Liên từ, mệnh đề, các yêu cầu lập luận: Topic – Main idea – Main dea - – Conclusion

- Các kĩ năng cụ thể sau:

12.2 Kĩ năng viết luận cụ thể:

12.2.1 Writing Essay: Kĩ năng viết bài văn

a Writing process: Tiến hành viết

Đây là bước chuyển hóa từ các ý tưởng (đã làm ở phần chuẩn bị trên đây) thành một bài viết hoàn chỉnh (sản phẩm cuối cùng) Tuân thủ 5 bước sau:

Five Writing Steps:

1 Open your notebook and word processor

2 Write the topic sentence, supporting sentences, and closing sentence

3 Write clear and simple sentences to express your meaning

4 Focus on the main idea of your essay

5 Use the dictionary to help you find additional words to express your ideas

b Editing Essay: Sửa lỗi bài viết gồm 2 bước sau:

* Grammar and Spelling: Chữa các lỗi ngữ pháp và chính tả

1 Check your spelling

2 Check your grammar

3 Read your essay again

4 Make sure each sentence has a subject

5 See if your subjects and verbs agree with each other

6 Check the verb tenses of each sentence

7 Make sure that each sentence makes sense

* Style and Organization: Chữa các lỗi về hành văn

1 Make sure your essay has a topic sentence

2 Make sure your supporting sentences focus on the main idea

3 Make sure you have a closing sentence

4 Check that all your sentences focus on the main idea

5 See if your essay is interesting

12.2.2 Useful expressions: Những liên từ, hay các cụm từ hữu ích khi viết bài văn:

Useful expressions

Sequencing/ Listing First of all, First(ly), Initially, To begin with; Second(ly); Third(ly);

Next; Then; After that (this); Following this (that); Finally; The first reason is…/ The second is…; Last but not least…

Adding to what you have

said Also, Furthermore, In addition, Additionally, Moreover, Besides, As well as, Similarly, not only…but also…, even beside this/ that Contrasting In contrast to this, On the contrary, In contrast, Conversely, On the

other hand, While, Whereas, However, Despite/ In spite of, Although, Even though, Otherwise, Nonetheless

Expressing similarity Similarly; Likewise, In the same way

Showing results As a result, As a consequence, Consequently, Hence, Thus,

Therefore, So Giving examples For example, For instance, In particular, Particularly, That is to

say, Namely, Such as Restating In other words, That is to say, To put it simply

Inferring In other words, In that case, or else, Otherwise

Summarizing In summary, To sum up, To conclude, To recapitulate, In

conclusion, In short, In brief, In a nutshell, Lastly, Finally

12.2.3 Kinds of Essays: Các loại bài văn cơ bản

1 Definition Essays: Bài văn để định nghĩa về một sự vật, hiện tượng

e.g Write an essay giving the definition of a pest

2 Classification Essays: Bài văn để nhóm, hay phân loại các sự vật, hiện tượng

e.g Write an essay discussing two types of energy resources

3 Description Essays: Bài văn miêu tả về một sự vật, hiện tượng

e.g Write an essay to talk about your most favorite subject

4 Compare and Contrast Essays: Bài văn đề diễn tả sự so sánh hay tương phản về các sự vật, hiện tượng

e.g Write an essay comparing the weather in Vancouver and Halifax

5 Sequence Essays: Bài văn mô tả một chuỗi, hay một tiến trình của sự vật, sự việc

e.g Write an essay outlining how a person becomes the prime minister

6 Choice Essays: Bài văn mô tả sự chọn lựa

e.g Write an essay stating whether you would prefer to play hockey or lacrosse

7 Explanation Essays: Bài văn để giải thích

e.g Write an essay explaining why so many Europeans moved to Canada during the

nineteenth century

8 Evaluation Essays: Bài văn để đánh gia về sự vật, hiện tượng

e.g Write an essay evaluating whether pesticides should be used on farms

9 For and Against Essays: Bài văn để nói về sự tán đồng và phản đối

e.g Write an essay to show your opinion on the saying “ ”

10 Graph, Chart, Diagram Essays: Bài văn để phân tích bảng biểu, số liệu

e.g Write an essay evaluating whether pesticides should be used on farms

12.2.4 Marking scheme: Tiêu chí chấm bài

Bố cục hợp lý, rõ ràng, phù hợp yêu cầu của đề bài

Có dẫn chứng, ví dụ, đủ để bảo vệ ý kiến của mình

Sử dụng từ nối các ý cho bài viết uyển chuyển

Độ dài: Số từ không nhiều hơn hoặc ít hơn so với quy định 5%

Ngữ pháp, dấu câu và chính tả; Sử dụng đúng dấu câu

Lỗi chính tả gây hiểu nhầm/ sai lệch ý sẽ bị tính một lỗi trừ 1% điểm bài viết

Cùng một lỗi chính tả lặp lại chỉ tính là một lỗi

Sử dụng đúng thời, thể, cấu trúc câu đúng ngữ pháp

PHẦN THỨ HAI BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH BÀI TẬP VỀ NGHE – LISTENING SKILLS

LISTENING 1

You will hear a conversation at the customs in Gatwick Airport TWICE As you listen, fill in the form below (write your answers in capital letters)

Last name: (1)……… First name: (2)……… Sex: (3)………

Occupation: (4)……… Date of birth: (5)………

Nationality: (6)……… Reason for travel in the UK: (7)………

Person to stay with in England: (8)

Address in the UK: (9)……… Halefield road, Tottenham, (10)

LISTENING 2 Section I: Question 1-10 You will hear a conversation on opening a bank account Listen and write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer Section II: Question 11-20 You will hear a man giving a talk about grass roofs on roof tops of building Listen and choose the correct answer marked A, B, or C 11 Green products are aimed at _ A people who can afford to pay higher prices B the young who are very environmentally aware C those who care more about environment 12 Grass roofs have been used _ A on buildings in Europe B on homes and other buildings C mostly on residential buildings 13 On the grass roof, soil or crushed stones are laid directly on top of _ A the insulation and drainage layer B the waterproof underlay C the wooden roof deck Question 14-20: Complete the notes below Write ONLY ONE WORD for each answer Type of roof Advantages Disadvantages Verdict Grass roof (14) in summer; Warmer in winter; Little (15) _ Encourages (16) Absorb water run-off (17) appearance in winter Highly recommended Tiles (18) appearance (19) absorption Not recommended Thatched roof Good insulators Very (20) Not ideal for cities OPENING A BANK ACCOUNT Type of student account: Full name of applicant:

Date of birth:

Current address Telephone:

A student account offers: Interest:

Overdraft:

Documents:

Identity (security problem) : Statement:

Special request the (1) account Elme Lewis (2) _ (3) _ Drive 798643 an account book and (4) < £600:(5) _; ≥ £600: 5.5% (6) £ _ passport, (7) _ Name of (8) _: Emma Every (9) _ : Open (10) account as well

LISTENING 3

Section 1 Listen and complete the form below Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD OR A NUMBER for

each answer Question 1-5:

Question 6-8: Choose THREE letters from A to F What items did Kirsty’s bag contain?

Question 9-10: Choose a letter (A, B, C, or D) that correctly answer questions 9 and 10

9 What has Kirsty done regarding to the loss of her credit card?

A informed the police but not the credit card company

B informed the credit card company but not the police

C informed both the police and the credit card company

D informed neither the police nor the credit card company

10 What must Kirsty do after the call regarding to her lost handbag?

A Call back after one hour and a half

B Just wait for a call back

C Call back after one hour and a half if she has heard nothing

D Call back the next day if she has heard nothing

Section 2 Choose the correct answer

11 The Counseling Service may contact tutors if _

A they are too slow in making assignments B they give students a lot of work

C they don’t inform students about their progress D they take students out too much

12 Stress may be caused by _

C unfamiliar matter D new teaching methods

13 International students may find stress difficult to handle because

A they lack support from family and friends B they don’t have time to make friends

C they find it difficult to socialize D they are too shy

14 A personal crisis may be caused by

A studying for too long overseas B problems in the student’s country

C disruptions to personal relationships D homesickness

15 Students may lose self- esteem if

A they have to change courses B they don’t complete a course

C their family puts too much pressure on them D they have to work part-time

16 Students consult Glenda Roberts if

A their general health is poor B their diet is too strict

C they can’t eat the local food D they become obese

17 Students in financial difficulties can receive

A assistance to buy books B a loan to pay their course fees

C a no-interest loan to cover study expenses C financial help from their friends

18 Loans are also available to students who

A can’t pay their rent B need to buy furniture

C can’t cover their living expenses D need to buy reference books

19 The number counseled by the service last year was

PAN ASIAN AIRWAYS - LOST PROPERTY REPORT FORM

Full name: Kirsty Allen Address: (1) _ Windham Road, Richmond Postcode (2) _ Home Tel: 020 8927 7651 Mobile Tel: (3) _ Flight number (4) _ Seat number: (5) _ New York - London Heathrow

20 The speaker thinks the Counseling Service

A has been effective in spite of the staff shortages B is under-used by students

C has suffered badly because of staff cuts D is not very effective

LISTENING 4

Part 1: Questions 1 – 10

Questions 1 – 4: Complete the form below Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer

HOUSE SERVICE INFORMATION

Name: Barbara Hill Location: (1) _ London Postcode: SW105

Rooms: two (2) _ bedrooms The other room used as: an (3) _

Downstairs: kitchen-dinner, conservatory, and (4) _ Pets: 2 dogs and 3 cats

Questions 5 – 7: Choose the best answer

5 Which of these extra services does the agent agree to do?

A Change the bed linen B Do some gardening work C Clean the grass

6 What does the customer want cleaned every three months?

7 What does the customer want done with clothes?

A Wash and iron the clothes B Clean and dry the clothes C Iron the clothes

Questions 8 – 10: Complete the sentences below Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer

8 The agent’s address is 12 _ Road

9 Her house will get cleaned next _

10 The maximum time of cleaning service is _

Part 2: Questions 11 – 20 Complete the information about the museum Write NO MORE THAN

THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer

Jamestown Museum of Art Information for Visitors

Entrance fees: Adults $ (11) _ Children $ (12) _

Entrance is free for senior citizens on (13) _

Hours: Tuesday – Thursday: 11:00 a.m – 5:00 p.m Friday: 11:00 a.m – 7:00 p.m

Saturday – Sunday: 10:00 a.m – 6:00 p.m Mondays and holidays: closed

The map of the Museum

Notice to museum visitors

The following areas are restricted Hall of History: Closed for (19) _

Will reopen in April (20) : Museum staff offices Employees only All others must have an appointment

LISTENING 5

Part 1: Questions 1 – 10 Complete the table below Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR

A NUMBER for each answer

Beatle Road 3 bedrooms, a bathroom, Example: restaurant Internet & utilities $(1) _ Garden: too big to clean up

and a living room Oakington

Avenue

(on-campus)

3 bedrooms, a (2) _, and

a living room

Shared living room, bathroom, kitchen, and (3) _

Living room furniture $400/$340 Due to some shared facilities,

it seems (4) _ Mead Street 2 bedrooms, a living room,

and a study

(5) _ (6) _ $600 sometimes a

little bit (7) _ Devon Close

(on-campus)

a bedroom, a living room, a study, and a dining hall

(8) _ (9) _ $500 without

(10) _

Part 2: Questions 11 – 15 You will hear Anita Burroughs, an ice-skater, being interviewed about her

work For each question, choose the correct answer A, B, or C

11 What problem did Anita have when ice-skating as a child?

A There was nowhere to practise B She couldn’t find a good teacher

C The clothes were expensive

12 She says she often does shows

A seven days a week B more than once a day C all summer

13 What does Anita find most difficult about her job?

A The performances are tiring B Practising is very hard work

C She misses her family

14 How does Anita feel about doing radio interviews?

A She prefers them to TV interviews B She doesn’t know what to say

C She looks forward to them

15 To be a professional ice-skater like Anita, you should

A work well in a team B remain serious on the ice C be a good leader

Part 3: Questions 16 – 20 You will hear five different people talking about a famous person For

Questions 16 – 20, choose from the list (A-F) what each speaker’s opinion of the celebrity is Use the letters only once There is one extra letter which you do not need to use

E He has a bad influence on young people Speaker 5 20

F He annoys a lot of people

LISTENING 6

You are going to hear a talk about security in the UK Listen to the talk and complete the statements below by writing no more than THREE words in the spaces provide You will hear the talk TWICE

Don’t carry more (1) _ than you need for daily expenses

When you stay at a hotel, ask the (2) _ to keep your valuables in hotel (3) _ Don’t keep a note of the serial (4) _ together with your traveler’s cheques

You should carry wallets and purses in an (5) _ pocket or a handbag

Your passport, (6) _ and other important documents should be taken special care of You can leave your (7) _ luggage in a luggage office at most large stations and pick it

LISTENING 7

You are going to listen to this telephone conversation between JON and JANICE and answer the questions You should write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER for each answer You will hear the recording TWICE

- Areas dealt with: (1) , North suburbs

- Rent: from (2) £ _ to £ 500 a month Depends on: the area Availability (3) _ garage

- Properties available: West Park Road; rent (4) £ a month; including (5) bill Tithe Road: rent £ 380 a month; including (6) rental

- Viewing arrangements: meet at office on (7) afternoon at 5.00 pm

- Need: letter from bank; reference from your (8)

- Must: give (9) notice of moving in give; deposit of (10) Pay for contract

LISTENING 8 You will listen to each part TWICE

Part 1: Questions 1 – 10

Questions 1 – 4: Choose the correct letter A, B, or C

1 What is the name of the language school?

A The George School of English B The Edinburgh School

C The Gordon Language School

2 Where is the interview?

3 What is the student’s name?

4 What is the teacher’s name?

A Peter Burton B Piers Merson C Paul Barton

Questions 5 – 10: Complete the form below Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer

REGISTRATION NAME: (5) NATIONALITY: (6) AGE: (7) OCCUPATION: (8) ADDRESS: (9) _, London SW 127 TH TELEPHONE NO (10) _

Part 2: Questions 11 – 20

Questions 11 and 12:

11 Choose TWO letters A – E Which TWO things does the speaker mention about public clocks?

12 The fact that they are _

A old B accurate C useful D beautiful E free F noisy

Questions 13 – 20: Complete the table below Write NO MORE THAN THRE WORDS AND/OR A

NUMBER for each answer

service Special feature Favourite aspect for speaker London Big Ben refers to

the (13) _ 1859 Biggest bell in England it is very (14) _

Vancouver (15) _ (16) _ Whistle sounds on the

quarter hour It is charming Strasbourg Strasbourg

Cathedral clock 1842 The clock tells the story of the (17) _ It is a (18) _

Tehran (19) _ 2005 Run by a (20) _ It is an unusual design

LISTENING 9

Section 1: Question 1-10

Question 1- 4: Choose the best answer to each question

1 Where does the conversation take place?

A in an office B in a bookstore C at a bus stop D in front of a ticket booth

2 Which office helps overseas students with their particular problems?

A Sport Club B Union Societies C Accommodation Office D Welfare Office

3 What kind of sport doesn’t the student mention?

A basketball B badminton C wrestling D motor racing

4 Where can the Filipino student find his compatriots at the school?

A Training sessions B Filipino Society C Badminton court D Basketball team

Question 5-10: Fill in the gaps numbered 5-10

Name: CAESAR; Surname: (5) _; City: (6) _; Subject: (7) ; Length of the course: (8) ; Job in the future: (9) _;

Reason for choosing this university: (10) _;

Section 2: Question 11-20

Question 11-16: Answer the question by writing a word or a phrase

11 When does the student have to move out of his present accommodation?

_

12 For how long did the college offer him a temporary room?

_

13 Circle the problem that the student has now

A No friends B No money and no place to live in

14 Circle the help that the Welfare Office can give

A To provide long-term accommodation for him

B To contact the accommodation service

C To subsidize his rent payments

D To offer him a grant

15 Where could the student get money?

C From the British Council D From the Student Union

16 How much could the student get as an emergency loan?

Question 17-20: Write a word or a number in spaces provided

17 Would the Union be able to provide a long-term emergency accommodation?

18 How much money does the student have left? _

19 Will the student apply for an emergency loan? _

20 How does the student feel after taking with the welfare officer? _

LISTENING 10

PART 1: Questions 1 – 5 Listen and complete the form below Write no more than two words and/or

a number for each answer

Good Moves Accommodation Agency

Call taken by: BEN; Name: (1) _; Telephone: (2) _;

Heard about us from: (3) _; Number of people: (4) _; Type of accommodation preferred: (5) _

PART 2: Questions 1 – 5 Listen and choose the correct letter, A, B or C

1 How long will it take to get to Paris?

A about one hour B about three hours C about four hours

2 What should passengers do with their passports?

A leave them with their steward B lock them away

C carry them at all times

3 When should passengers be in the restaurant car for dinner?

4 What will the passengers do when the train gets to the Italian border?

A change trains B go on a tour C have lunch in a local cafe’

5 What should passengers not do?

A eat their own food on the train B open their cabin window

C leave the train before it gets to Italy

PART 3: Questions 1 – 5 Listen and choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D

1 A Her concerns were expressed B She wonders if the concert was good

C The music was fantastic D She wandered about during the night

2 A In a bus station B In a post office C In an airport D In a travel agency

3 A He spends half his time with his daughter B His daughter’s under a year old

C His daughter will start school in a year and a half D His daughter’s eighteen months old

4 A He’s on the basketball team B He doesn’t even like to play basketball

C He’s too short to make the team D He thinks he’s tall enough

5 A She’s thinking about her grade in the seminar B The seminar is quite realistic

C The seminar will take a great deal of time D She agrees with the man about the seminar

BÀI TẬP VỀ PHÁT ÂM - PRONUNCIATION

Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of the same group

1 A geology B psychology C classify D photography

11 A handed B booked C translated D visited

13 A within B without C clothing D strengthen

15 A kites B catches C oranges D buzzes

16 A student B stupid C study D studio

19 A surgeon B agent C engine D regard

20 A feather B leather C feature D measure

22 A earning B learning C searching D clearing

29 A bought B naught C plough D thought

41 A dictation B repetition C station D question

45 A decided B hatred C sacred D warned

49 A through B them C threaten D thunder

50 A fought B country C bought D ought

51 A loved B appeared C agreed D coughed

52 A thereupon B thrill C threesome D throne

54 A wasted B practiced C laughed D jumped

56 A energy B gain C gesture D village

57 A population B nation C question D station

60 A height B myth C type D climb

62 A brought B ought C thought D though

64 A measure B decision C pleasure D permission

65 A drought B fought C brought D bought

66 A builds B destroys C occurs D prevents

68 A supported B approached C noticed D finished

69 A unity B suite C studious D volume

70 A climber B subtle C debtor D probable

71 A bush B rush C pull D lunar

72 A bought B sought C drought D fought

73 A killed B cured C crashed D waived

74 A thunder B prefer C grocer D louder

75 A tells B talks C stays D steals

76 A stomach B watch C change D church

77 A attacks B repeats C roofs D trays

78 A drought B fought C brought D bought

79 A builds B destroys C occurs D prevents

BÀI TẬP VỀ TRỌNG ÂM – STRESS

Find the word whose stress pattern is different from the others of the same group

1 A uncle B machine C rubber D butter

2 A every B evening C potato D factory

3 A produce B money C improve D because

4 A vegetable B university C Wednesday D television

5 A coffee B farmer C paper D deliver

6 A eleven B elephant C energy D envelope

7 A preparation B decoration C television D exhibition

9 A mirror B invent C wallet D engine

10 A discovery B calculator C aero-plane D difficulty

11 A provide B adopt C happen D inspire

12 A result B region C river D robot

13 A constant B basic C irate D obvious

14 A become B carry C appoint D invent

15 A engine B battle C career D rabies

16 A interesting B surprising C amusing D successful

17 A understand B engineer C benefit D Vietnamese

18 A applicant B uniform C yesterday D employment

19 A dangerous B parachute C popular D magazine

20 A beautifully B intelligent C redundancy D discovery

21 A comfortable B employment C important D surprising

22 A variety B irrational C industrial D characterize

23 A colorful B equality C dictionary D vegetable

24 A elegant B regional C musical D important

25 A difference B suburban C internet D character

26 A beautiful B effective C favorite D popular

27 A attraction B government C borrowing D visit

28 A difficulty B individual C population D unemployment

29 A biology B redundancy C interviewer D comparative

30 A conversation B isolation C traditional D situation

31 A continue B disappear C imagine D inhabit

32 A altogether B capacity C eventually D particular

33 A professor B digestion C mechanic D engine

34 A mathematics B biology C experiment D philosophy

35 A evolution B development C discovery D philosopher

36 A another B energy C centigrade D gravity

37 A evaporate B temperature C impossible D experiment

38 A gravity B professor C pyramid D remedy

39 A abandon B discover C imagine D satisfy

40 A activity B epidemic C philosopher D significance

41 A picture B business C stranger D return

42 A museum B cinema C hospital D concert

43 A performance B unknown C visit D confirm

44 A yesterday B tonight C today D tomorrow

45 A memory B article C newspaper D edition

46 A sorry B tractor C police D fireman

47 A interest B remember C assemble D resemble

48 A policeman B semester C exercise D attendance

49 A vegetable B interesting C volleyball D detective

50 A homework B lesson C detect D tennis

51 A paper B police C people D purpose

52 A interesting B important C increasing D implying

53 A element B enormous C animal D elephant

54 A damage B destroy C demand D deny

55 A biology B intelligent C environment D infrastructure

56 A ancient B attack C alive D across

57 A person B purpose C possess D pirate

58 A eternal B enormous C enemy D Egyptian

60 A revolution B responsible C renovation D regulation

61 A sentence B suggest C species D system

62 A bacteria B dangerous C government D interesting

63 A attack B defeat C believe D happen

64 A pyramid B pharaoh C animal D possession

65 A accompany B responsibility C environment D prepare

66 A provide B improve C contain D borrow

67 A cinema B telephone C department D restaurant

68 A design B garage C market D village

69 A exercise B example C holiday D stadium

70 A excellent B exactly C dangerous D wonderful

71 A beautiful B elephant C already D usually

72 A theatre B unknown C absence D dinner

73 A amuse B imagine C interest D surprise

74 A especially B beautifully C quickly D lately

75 A policeman B performer C engineer D assistant

76 A advice B beauty C picture D postcard

77 A prepare B practice C prevent D provide

78 A famous B curious C anxious D delicious

79 A vacation B colleague C pupil D teacher

80 A theatre B career C cinema D gallery

BÀI TẬP VỀ THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ - VERBS TENSES

Exercise 1: Choose among A, B, C, or D the best answer to complete each of the following sentences

1 When I got to the station, I _ John

2 When I got to the station, John _ in a coffee shop

A sat B was sitting C had sat D is sitting

3 When I got to the station, John _ and I didn’t see him

A left B was leaving C had left D has left

4 When I got to the station, John _ for me for ten minute

A has been waiting B had been waiting C was waiting D is waiting

5 When John _ here tomorrow, I _ you

A A arrives/ call B will arrive/ will call

C arrives/ will call D is arriving/ will be calling

6 When you _ here at this time tomorrow, I _ the room up

A comes/ will tidy B come/will be tidying

C Will come/ will be tidying D come/ will have tidied

7 When you _ here by this time tomorrow, I _ the room up

A come/ will have tidied B come /will be tidying

C Will come/ will have tidied D are coming/ have tidied

8 When it rains heavily, John usually _ at home

9 When it rained heavily, John usually _ at home

10 I _ on the street when it rained

A was walking B have been walking C had walked D walked

11 John _ anything since yesterday

A didn’t say B hasn’t said C has said D said

12 In a few days, there _ an important meeting

13 How many questions _ you _ so far

A do/answer B will/ answer C did/answer D have/answered

14 I _ John He _ me about his trip to Singapore

A met/told B met/was telling C have met/told D met/ have told

15 Look! A boy _ run after a little dog

A runs B are running C is running D was running

16 This is the best book, I _

A have ever read it B have ever read C have read D read

17 That was the most interesting story I _

A have ever listened B had ever listened C had ever listened to D listened to it

18 China _ to the North of Vietnam

19 The police caught the thief who _ John’s motorcycle

A had stolen B has stolen C was stolen D stole

20 I think that John _ the money before we need it

A have returned B has returned C will have returned D had returned

21 When I looked out of the door, I found out that my motorcycle _

A was stolen B had been stolen C has been stolen D had stolen

22 When _ you first _ Hanoi?

A have/visited B will/visit C do/visit D did/visit

23 This is the first time I _ Hanoi

A visited B am visiting C have visited D will visit

24 Right now, I _ some help What are you doing? Can you give me a hand?

A am needing B need C will need D have needed

25 Last night, while I _ a letter the phone _

C was writing/was ringing D was writing/rang

26 At this time yesterday, Mr and Mrs Brown’s daughter _ the floor

A were cleaning B cleaned C was cleaning D had been cleaning

27 He hardly _ up before the sun _

A had gotten/rose B gets/rise C got/rose D gets/rises

28 In two weeks, we _ our vacation in Halong bay

A have spent B will have spent C will spend D had spent

29 In the last two weeks, we _ our vacation in Halong bay

A have spent B would have spent C spent D had spent

30 Mary _ the meal before her friends came

A was repairing B had been repairing C had repaired D repaired

Exercise 2: Supply the right form of each verb in each blanket

John has always traveled a lot In fact, he was only two years old when he first flew to the US His mother is Italian and his father is American John was born in France, but his parents (1 meet) _ in Cologne, Germany after they (2 live) _ there for five years They had met one day while John’s father was reading a book in the library and his mother (3 sit) _ beside him John (4 travel) _ a lot because his parents also travel a lot As a matter of fact, John is visiting

his parents in France at the moment He lives in New York now, but (5 visit) _ his parents for the last few weeks He really enjoys living in New York, but he also loves coming to visit his parents

at least once a year This year he (6 fly) _ over 5,000 miles for his job He has been working for Jackson & Co for almost two years now He (7 be) _ pretty sure that he (8 work) _ for them next year as well His job requires a lot of travel In fact, by the end of this year, he (9 travel) _ over 120,000 miles! His next journey will be to Australia He really doesn’t like going

to Australia because it is so far This time he (10 fly) _ from Paris after a meeting with the company’s French partner He will have been sitting for over 18 hours by the time he arrives!

Exercise 3: Supply the right form of each verb in each blanket

The world is getting warmer and the oceans are rising Why this (1 happen) _? One answer is that it could simply be part of a natural process After all, there

(2 be) ice ages and long periods of warmth, so we could just (3 experience) _ another warming trend This kind of answer (4 have) _ more supporters a few years ago What scientists now (5 believe) _ is that human activity is the cause

For more than two hundred years, human (6 gradually change) the atmosphere, mainly as a result of industrial pollution We (7 create) _ an atmosphere around the earth that, like a giant glass container, (8 let) heat from the sun through and then (9 hold) _ it in temperatures, and sea levels (10 keep) _ rising? The general answer is unfortunately yes

Exercise 4: Supply the right form of each verb in each blanket

Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim (1 see) _ monsters in the sea Though people (2 often laugh) _ at stories told by seamen, it is now known that many of these 'monsters' which (13 at times sight) _ are simply strange fish Occasionally, unusual creatures (4 wash) _ to the shore, but few of them (5 catch) _ out at sea Some time ago, however, a peculiar fish was caught near Madagascar A small fishing-boat (6 carry) _ miles out to sea by the powerful fish as

it pulled on the line Realizing that this was no ordinary fish, the fisherman made every effort (7 not damage) _ it in any way When it was eventually brought to shore, it was found to be over thirteen feet long It had a head like a horse, big blue eyes, shining silver skin, and a bright red tail The fish, which (8 send) _ to a museum where it (9 examine) _ by a scientist now, is called an oarfish Such creatures (10 rarely see) _ alive by man as they live at a depth of six hundred feet

Exercise 5: Supply the right form of each verb in each blanket

1 Isabel and I (live) _in a room in the hotel I (get) _up at five o’clock and I (have) _a shower Isabel (stay) _in bed I (start) _work at six in the morning

and Isabel (start) _at six in the evening

2 We (meet) _ at three o’clock in the afternoon when I (finish) _work I

(go) _back to our room and Isabel (make) _ a late lunch

3 Son (be) _from Viet Nam He (speak) _Vietnamese He can (speak) _English, too He (live) _with his family in HCM City He often (go) _to school on Sundays to practice his English Tomorrow (be) _Sunday He (walk) _to

school tomorrow Now he (read) _a book

Exercise 6: Supply the right form of each verb in each blanket

1 Where (be) your father now? - He (read) a newspaper

2 Listen! Mai (sing)

3 They (play) volleyball every afternoon, but they (play) badminton

4 It is 6:00 p.m Mary is at home She (have) dinner She always (have) dinner with

her family around 6 o’clock

5 Ha (like) badminton She often (play) badminton with her friend, Lan They

(play) it every Thursday afternoon They (play) badminton in the stadium now

6 Laura (be) from Canada She (speak) English and French She (come)

to Vietnam tomorrow She (stay) in a hotel in HCM City for 3 days She (visit) a lot

of places of interest in Vietnam

7 Which language Peter (speak) ?

8 He often (have) coffee for breakfast, but today he (eat) some eggs

9 We should (do) morning exercises

10 We (come) back next Monday

11 My brother can (swim)

12 He (learn) English and I (read) a book now

13 My friend (take) a trip to Da Lat next week

14 Let’s (help) her

15 She (not/ want) any coffee She (want) some tea

16 Lan and Nam (see) a new film tonight

17 They (not/ go) fishing in winter

18 I (like) my English classes very much I often (practice) speaking English with

my friend Lan I (take) the English Final Test now, and my father (wait) for me in

front of the school

19 Minh (be) at the library now He (sit) at a table and (read) a picture book He usually (go) to the library when he has free time

20 We (have) a party next Sunday Would you like to come?

BÀI TẬP VỀ TỪ BIẾN THỂ - DERIVED WORDS

Exercise 1: Give the right form of the word to finish each of the following sentences

1 They were impressed by the of the local people FRIEND

2 They enjoy the atmosphere in the meeting FRIEND

3 The they made at school will last through their life FRIEND

4 parks and lakes in Hanoi really attract tourists BEAUTY

7 They enjoyed very moment in the countryside PEACE

9 They are old enough to be of their parents DEPEND

12 Uniform make students of their school PRIDE

13 We celebrate our _ day on April 30th annually UNIFY

14 May Day is also called Labor Day NATION

15 They wear uniforms to school and clothes on the weekend COLOR

16 Both of them like this car because it is ECONOMY

17 Our situation is getting better and better ECONOMY

18 My parent usually me to study harder COURAGE

19 In some countries military service is COMPEL

23 are all looking forward to the village festival VILLAGE

24 Children of the ethnic can go afford to go to school MINOR

25 Poets take from many things in life INSPIRE

27 Ao Dai is not usually worn at work because it is CONVENIENCE

28 , Ao dai is worn by men and women a wedding TRADITION

29 There is a football match between Vietnam and Thailand on TV at 7

30 They go to the church every Sunday They are very RELIGION

31 You can believe him He is a person DEPEND

34 We are very in temples and museums in Hanoi INTEREST

35 Like Vietnam, Malaysia has climate TROPIC

36 English is language in Singapore OFFICE

37 More , my family and my friend’s father used to be classmates INTEREST

38 Finding the film They decided to turn off the TV to go to bed INTEREST

40 The story the tour guide told us is really INTEREST

41 The noise as the plane got farther away LESS

42 An is a person who is concerned about the natural

environment and wants to improve and protect it ENVIRONMENT

43 She had never been greatly concerned about her _ APPEAR

44 The _ of people interviewed prefer TV to radio MAJOR

45 We can look forward to a period of _ PROSPER

46 Due to _ the difference between urban life and rural life is more

47 The security of the earth can be threatened by _ groups TERROR

48 It is reported that humans are the main reason for most species' declines

50 The Americans are much more concerned than the Indians and the

Chinese with physical _ when choosing a wife or a husband ATTRACT

51 He stood at the door to make sure that no one _ the party GATE

52 Her health has _ considerably since we last saw her BAD

53 Jackson had another violent _ with the referee AGREE

54 This road is so bad that it needs _ SURFACE

55 Pele Ronaldo to take part in 2002 World cup COURAGE

56 Rescue team held out little hope of finding other _ SURVIVE

57 _ of the new system will take several days INSTALL

58 The practice of being on a diet has now been so POPULAR

59 We should all the school’s regulations STANDARD

61 He was very _ of the work he had done PRIDE

62 Are there any rivers left in the world? POLLUTE

63 Freedom of is one of the fundamental rights SPEAK

64 John drives very _ He’s never had any accidents CARE

65 We always have a bed ready in the spare room in case visitors

67 A doctor may prescribe if the patient has an infection BIOTIC

69 It is said the of a Swiss watch is perfect PRECISE

70 We have to decide to interview only the best six for the job APPLY

71 He left the room without any _ EXPLAIN

72 Such a kind man would never hurt his friend’s feelings INTEND

73 Her bedroom is decorated with her favorite souvenirs from her

trips

PLEASE

74 He lost in the election because he was a weak and leader DECIDE

75 I couldn’t help it The accident was _ AVOID

77 He fought the illness with courage and DETERMINE

78 Because of a car , she didn’t get to the airport in time for her

79 The need assistance from the whole society POVERTY

80 We are offering many special price _ on printers this month REDUCE

81 She seems happy in her new job REASON

82 Many people expressed _ with the whole idea AGREE

83 A lot of plants and animals could be used as medicines against cancer,

85 The song has been selected for the Sea Games 22, Vietnam OFFICE

86 The police should impose heavy fines on those who drive _ DANGER

87 _, Charles Darwin didn’t intend to publish his book On the Origin

88 The breakdown of the negotiations was not EXPECT

89 I’ll never forget the I felt in the situation HUMILIATE

90 The main goals of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations are to

91 The children all have very different PERSON

92 Our school set up a project to _ the library system COMPUTER

94 He is completely ! Not only is he lazy but he is dishonest too EMPLOY

95 He won the discus event at the Olympic Games but was later

when a medical check proved that he had been taking drugs QUALIFY

96 Women who are slimming can never enjoy a meal without being afraid

97 It is forbidden to hunt for that kind of bird It has been listed as one of

98 _ children will not be allowed to cross busy roads ACCOMPANY

99 In nursing, women tend to _ men by four to one NUMBER

100 Before enrolling on a course, you should first ensure that it has

been _ by an officially recognized body VALID

101 How much does _ of this club cost? MEMBER

102 I was annoyed at his _ to co-operate REFUSE

103 He was _ of the consequences in advance INFORMATION

105 Jackie suffered as a child from a very strict _ BRING

106 It’s a lovely old house, I agree, but can we afford to it MODERN

107 They frequently the traffic as they march through the streets MOBILE

108 Can we the meeting for next Monday at 7 o’clock? ARRANGE

109 Keith’s exam results turned out to be DISASTER

110 I think it’s sheer _ to get married in church if you don’t believe in

111 Politeness is one thing Real kindness is another You must learn to

112 Our tomatoes are nicely; they'll be ready to eat in about a week RIPE

113 Actually, there is no short cut to _ a foreign language MASTER

114 A right amount of calcium added to our food will help to _ our

weak bones

SOLID

115 He has _ in giving up smoking SUCCESS

116 The water is You can’t drink it POLLUTION

117 She was knowledgeable about the history of China EXTREME

118 Many people were buried after the earthquake LIVE

119 Fertilizers can help _ the soil RICH

120 He _ to hit me if I didn't hand over my money THREAT

121 He objected to being _ unfair CRITIC

122 He wished to become a university student and to _ in Medicine SPECIAL

123 _ your seatbelts during the plane’s take-off and landing FAST

124 Don’t forget to the boat when you are away TIGHT

125 She would have _ her dream if she had passed the entrance exam REAL

126 Farmers have to the soil before growing each crop FERTILE

127 Japan is among the most _ countries INDUSTRY

128 Teachers must keep a record of students’ _ ATTEND

129 There were 50 _ in the talent contest COMPETE

130 Terrorism the civilized human beings by bombing and murders DANGER

131 The book doesn’t say much about prices, but it is very about

132 _ to a new environment is a difficult thing for old people ADAPT

133 Police asked _ if they had seen the accident happen PASS

134 He was very when his cat was run over SET

135 I will resign if you continue _ what I say REGARD

136 She was late as she how much time she’d need ESTIMATE

137 These countries are _ in imports of raw cotton PREFER

138 Sam was accused of stealing some _ documents CONFIDE

139 You do not have to go Your decision must be entirely _ VOLUNTEER

140 Going swimming everyday would have very effects BENEFIT

141 It was a complete _ due to their poor planning FAIL

142 Everyone has a number of but none has many true friends ACQUAINT

143 After the explosion, only two people were left _ LIVE

144 Those group has never lost its appeal THEATRE

145 Dolphins, _ species, sometimes jump above the surface of the

146 He’s the most _, ill-mannered person I’ve ever met PLEASE

147 The situation is so _ in some countries now that it is difficult to see

148 Computers are now considered _ in the business world DISPENSE

149 The damage caused by the terrible storm two days ago was _ by

the government The real figures go up every minute ESTIMATE

150 Barack Obama is the first President of the United States with

151 He felt _ certain about his success TOLERATE

153 He works for UNESCO in a purely _ role ADVICE

154 Watching television can be very _ EDUCATE

155 Those countries are _ on other countries for most of their food DEPEND

156 She is extremely _ about the history of art KNOW

157 On my salary, we have to live as as possible ECONOMY

158 The trouble with Mr Brown is that he’s so _ One minute he goes

mad when you come late; the next he says nothing You never know where

you are!

CONSIST

159 I didn’t know who it was – with a mask on she was completely _ RECONGNISE

160 The surgeon tried their best to save his life, but unfortunately the

161 Oscar had eaten so much that he had to _ his belt LOOSE

162 The government decided that the country’s agricultural economy should

163 This type of behavior is no longer _ acceptable SOCIETY

164 His boss told him off because he had behaved RESPONSIBLE

165 Tom spoke because he was so excited BREATHE

167 There is a shortage of pure water in the city nowadays We have to use

168 The evening was spent playing and talking ENJOY

169 Traveling in big cities is becoming more and more every day TROUBLE

170 He didn’t feel happy because he worked SUCCESS

171 The students are already with the work of Shakespeare ACQUAINT

172 She’s so _ that she won’t let anything stand in the way of her ambition MIND

173 That was a very thing to say HURT

174 It’s of him to lose his temper like that – he’s usually very calm CHARACTER

175 Different conservation efforts have been made in order to save _

176 Her son is always mischievous and _, which annoys her very much OBEY

177 You can never be sure what my sister is going to do She is so PREDICT

178 We found it to your wonderful news THRILL

179 There was a _ dissatisfaction with the government’s policies WIDE

180 I was kept _ last night by the noise from a party in the flat

Exercise 2: Give the right form of the word in each blanket in the following passage

From what we had read in the (1 ADVERTISE) , it promise to be the holiday of a lifetime – not only a quality hotel in a top (2 SEA) resort, but also (3 SURPRISE) cheap with it!

We should have known it was too good to be true! We arrived at the airport to discover we only had (4 STAND) tickets and there was no guarantee we would be flying Luckily, two places became free at the last minute and we took off The flight lasted at least (5 TWO) as long as it should have and by the time we arrived, we were both feeling rather (6 POOR) , probably because of the dubious in-flight meal we had had We were met by our guide, who seemed (7 LANGUAGE) incompetent and understood very little of what we said to him Instead of the hotel we had seen in the photograph back home, he took us to a squalid little guesthouse much (8 FAR) away from the resort than we were expecting We wanted to explain that there had been a (9 DREAD) mistake but it was (10 USE) trying to complain – nobody could understand us

Exercise 3: Give the right form of the word in each blanket in the following passage

Centuries ago, when gold coins (1 EXCLUSIVE) _ were used as the money of nations and city-states, the (2 COMPARE) _ value of each nation’s money was (3 DETERMINE) _ by the ratio of gold content of each coin Today, gold coins are “used” only by (4 COLLECT) _ (5 NATION) _ money is printed on paper Each country has its own currency, with names such as pound, dollar, dong, yuan and so on (6 DECIDE) _ the rate for the international exchange of money is one of the most complex, and to many (7 OBSERVE) _, one of the most (8

FASCINATE) _ aspects of international banking Each major currency has a “par value” that is (9 USUAL) _ defined, (10 OFFICE) _, in terms of gold

Exercise 4: Give the right form of the word in each blanket in the following passage

One (1 CHARACTER) of the modern world is that people increasingly find themselves living side by side with people from other cultures While in the past people with different cultures were able to live quite (2 SEPARATE) , high mobility and freedom of movement mean that we are more likely today to be confronted with people whose way the life is (3 FAMILIAR) to us

In such circumstances, (4 RACE) is a real danger

People feel a tremendous (5 LOYAL) to their own culture, and are often unwilling to develop

an (6 APPRECIATE) of the positive aspects of other cultures They may feel that another culture presents a threat to their own (7 INHERIT) , one that could even lead to the (8 APPEAR)

of certain aspects of their way of life Often, however, this threat is more a matter of (9

PERCEIVE) than reality and different groups live in (10 RELATE) harmony in many parts of the world

Exercise 5: Give the right form of the word in each blanket in the following passage

Before going to an interview, it is advisable to go through a mock interview This will give you the opportunity to try out your technique and answers live It is also a chance to receive feedback that is (1 BENEFIT) in guiding you towards improving your interview style and general (2 PRESENT) _ Just one mock interview will result in a (3 NOTICE) _ improvement in your interview skill Why? For the same reason that a (4 SPEAK) _ doesn’t exist while it is still on paper or floating in your head It only exists when you give it (5 ORAL _ The first time you give

it in front of an audience, it will come out nothing like the one you prepared

It is the same with being interviewed It is not enough to look at a question and say, ‘Yeah, I know the answer to that one.’ You need to practise your answer live; this is not the time to talk to yourself in front of a mirror Seek out a (6 PROFESSION) _ and have the session videotaped Then you will have two opinions – the interview’s and your own You will find you get a completely different (7 IMPRESS) when listening to yourself than when you are watching yourself saying something Just as your voice always sounds different on tape, so do your (8 RESPOND) _ You will be glad the image is captured on tape and not in a potential employer’s mind For maximum effect, you should (9 VISIT) your answers and go through a second mock interview This should help with any (10 EASE) and give you more confidence for the real interview

Exercise 6: Give the right form of the word in each blanket in the following passage

(1 AUTHORIZE) in Paris have halted the filming of scenes from (2 ACT) movies on its streets in the wake of the recent terror attacks The city is still on high alert (3 FOLLOW) the attack on the magazine Charlie Hebdo and other attacks, which left

20 people (4 DIE) Security has been (5 HIGH) around synagogues, newspaper and broadcasting offices and (6 SHOP) malls (7 ARMY) police and soldiers are clearly (8 VISION) on the streets Security measures have now been extended to the movie (9 INDUSTRIAL) Paris' police commander Sylvie Barnaud said: "There's a problem with these action-type scenes, as the actors in uniform could be targets for terrorists… Also, the actors could pose (10 CONFUSED) for the general public."

Exercise 7: Give the right form of the word in each blanket in the following passage

Forests from an integral component of the (1 SPHERE) are essential to the (2 STABILITY) of global climate and the management of water and land They are home for (3 COUNT) plants and animals that are vital elements of our life-supporting systems, as well

as for millions of forest (4 DWELL) _ They provide goods for direct (5 CONSUME) (including recreational activities) and land for food production They also represent capital when converted to shelter and (6 FRASTRUCTURE) _

The two main types of forests are tropical, which are rich in (7 DIVERSITY) and

valuable tropical (8 WOOD) and temperate, which serve as the world’s primary source of

industrial wood The temperate forests (1.5 billion hectares) can be found mainly in developed

countries, whereas the tropical forests (both moist and dry, (9 TOTAL) about 1.5 billion

ha each) stretch across the developing world Two thirds of the tropical moist forests are in Latin

America, with the (10 REMAIN) split between Africa and Asia; three quarters of the

tropical dry forests are in Africa

BÀI TẬP VỀ NHẬN DIỆN LỖI - ERROR IDENTIFICATION

Exercise 1 Choose among A, B, C, or D the one that needs correcting

1 Families who are enough fortunate to own a historic home may be able to get restoration funds

from the government

A enough fortunate B may be C to get D how

2 The first things a new international student must do include renting an apartment, registering for

classes, and to get to know the city

A to get B first thing C international D for

3 When parents allow his children to spend many hours watching television, the children are not

likely to be physically fit

A many hours B his C physically D likely

4 Christianity has become a worldwide religion since it has begun almost two thousand years ago

A worldwide B almost C become D has begun

5 As the population of Africa continues to grow, animals will continue to lose theirs natural habitat

A theirs B continues C to grow D to lose

6 Actually, by the time Columbus arrived to America in 1492, other Europeans had already reached

the New World

A by the time B Actually C had already D arrived to

7 The most Americans were killed in World War II than in any other war since the birth of the nation

A The most B in C since D in any

8 Antarctica, which is largely covered by ice, receive hardly any rainfall

A largely B rainfall C receive D hardly any

9 Jessica is only an amateur, but she sings sweeter than most professionals

A than B sweeter C is only D an

10 Mrs Adams was surprising that her son and his friend had gone to the mountains to ski

A her B to ski C surprising D had gone

11 A cure for the common cold, causing by a virus, has not been found

A causing B for C a virus D has not been found

12 Amelia Earhart, that was one of the pioneers in aviation, attempted to fly the world in 1937, but

she and her plane mysteriously disappeared over the Pacific Ocean

A over B that C in aviation D attempted to fly

13 His last test results showed he was the quickest typist, yet he was the less accurate of all the

applicants

A the less B last C of D the quickest

14 That secretary of mine is so efficient that she always amazes myself with her speed

A she B mine C her D myself

15 A problem it has caused setbacks and we have been forced to change the final date of completion

if we want to avoid being penalized

A to change B it C being D setbacks

16 It is vitally important that she takes this medication night and morning

A vitally B that C takes D medication

17 Had it not been for you help me, I wouldn't have succeeded

A not B you help me C wouldn't D succeeded

18 Children enjoy telling and listening to ghosts stories, especially on Halloween night

A Halloween night B ghosts stories C especially D telling and listening

19 We had better to review this chapter carefully because we will have some questions on it on our

test tomorrow

A to review B carefully C will D some

20 She is a very generously old woman She has given most of her wealth to a charity organization

A generously old B her wealth C a charity D has given

21 Psychologist Abraham Maslow argued that humans have unique desires to discover and

understand, the giving of love to others, and to fulfill their inner potential

A argued that B have unique desires

C the giving of love to D their inner potential

22 The flag over the White House is risen at dawn every day by a color guard from the United States

armed forces

A over the White House B is risen C at dawn D by

23 When the Panic of 1857, some US citizens who had been rich or comfortable became poor while

a few others, capitalizing on economic shifts, became richer

A When the B had been C while D capitalizing

24 Fiorello La Guardia made a speech to the United Nations Relief Administration, which he was the

director, stating that Europe did not experience prosperity after World War Two

A made B which C stating that D prosperity

25 Every year, tornadoes cause a lot of damages to property and a tremendous loss of human and

animal life

A cause B damages C tremendous loss D animal life

26 It was suggested that Pedro studies the material more thoroughly before attempting to pass the

exam A studies B attempting C pass D more

27 There was a very interesting news on the radio this morning about the earthquake in Italy

A a B on C There was D about

28 She asked why did Mathew look so embarrassed when he saw Carole

A embarrassed B did Mathew look C saw D asked why

29 The professor together with his three students have been called to court

A to B The C have D together

30 Many deaths associated with fires are not actual caused by the flames, but are rather the result of

asphyxiation resulting from the decreased oxygen supply in burning buildings

A burning buildings B actual C Many D are

31 The rate of snow accumulation in the formation area are critical to the pace of glacial movement

32 More murders are reported in December in the United States than for any other month

33 Although Emily Dickinson publishes only three of her verses before she died, today there are more

than one thousand of her poems printed in many important collections

A publishes B there are C thousand of D in

34 Humans who lived thousands years ago, long before alphabets were devised, they used pictures

to record events and to communicate ideas

35 More companies returned to the task of development new kinds of antibiotics, and as this book is

being prepared, a number are undergoing clinical trials

36 They are planning on attending the convention next month, and so I am

A planning on B attending C next D so I am

37 Today was such beautiful day that I couldn’t bring myself to complete all my chores

A myself B such beautiful C my chores D to complete

38 Alzheimer made the first observers of the telltale signs of the disease that today bears his name

A his name B bears C observers D telltale

39 Surrounded by forested mountain slopes are the town of Telluride, a former gold mining town 7,500 feet above sea level

A sea level B former C slopes are D Surrounded

40 The English horn is an alto oboe with a pitch one-fifth lower than the soprano oboe

A the B than C an alto D pitch

41 Pollution makes streams, lakes and coastal water unpleasant to look at, to smell, and to swim in Fish and shellfish harvested from polluted waters may be unsafe to eat

A harvested from B coastal water C unpleasant D to eat

42 A finishing motion picture is the work of the collaboration of many individuals

A the work B individuals C finishing D motion picture

43 Educational films are made for schools, training films for industry; documentary films present fact events or circumstances of social, political, or historical nature

A fact events B present C historical nature D made for

44 The train to Ho Chi Minh city left at precisely 7 o’clock as usually, but the train to Ha Noi capital left at half past six o’clock, which was exactly 20 minutes late

A exactly B which C as usually D precisely

45 Whether life in the countryside is better than that in the city depend on each individual’s point of view A that B point of view C Whether D depend on

46 An increasing number of companies has changed dress codes, allowing employees to wear casual clothing in the workjng place

A in the working place B has changed C increasing D to wear

47 Among the earliest telescopes were Galilean telescopes, modeled after the simple instruments built by Galileo, the first person having used telescopes to study the stars and planets

A having used B telescopes C modeled D were

48 Mr Lam insisted that we show our best knowledge, our enthusiasm, our keen on work and our sense of responsibility when working in a team

A when working B show C sense of D keen on

49 Victims of carpal tunnel syndrome include electricians drilling holes for wiring, airline workers

to type at chest- high terminals, and check- out clerks lifting and twisting groceries to register prices

on the scanner

A include B for wiring C to type D to register prices

50 First designed in 1970, Earth Day has become an international event that dedicate to raising concerns about environmental issues such as pollution

A as pollution B raising concerns C First designed D that dedicates

51 It is vitally important that she takes this medication night and morning

A vitally B that C takes D medication

52 Had it not been for you help me, I wouldn't have succeeded

A not B wouldn't C succeeded D you help me

53 Children enjoy telling and listening to ghosts stories, especially on Halloween night

A telling and listening B ghosts stories C especially D Halloween night

54 The WWF workers have devoted all their lives to protect all animals

A have B all C protect D animals

55 We had better to review this chapter carefully because we will have some questions on it on our test tomorrow

A to review B carefully C will D some

56 Humans have done great advances in technology at the expense of the environment

A have done B at the expense C advances D humans

57 There was a gradual raise in the number of literate males and females in the Lowlands

A in the Lowlands B was C raise D the number of

58 For the first time in the history of the country, the person who recommended by the president to replace a retired justice on the Supreme Court is a woman

A is B a retired justice C to replace D who recommended

59 It is interested to compare the early stylized art forms of ancient civilizations with the modern

abstract forms of art

A ancient B interested C early stylized D with

60 The latest medical report indicated that the patient’s temperature was near normal and their lungs

were partially cleared

A partially B near normal C their D latest medical report

61 Men and women in the Peace Corps work with people in the developing countries to help them

improving their living conditions

A work B improving C developing D living

62 Although not widely sold, that book is considered to be best book on the subject

A best B the C sold D not

63 Because his sickness, he didn’t take part in the English competition held last Sunday

A held B take C he D Because

64 I found my new contact lenses strangely at first, but I got used to them in the end

A strangely B my new C in the end D got used

65 Dreaming, like all other mental processes, it is a product of the brain and its activity

A its activity B like all C of the brain D it is

66 Transplanting organs such hearts and kidneys had proved easier than transplanting muscles

A muscles B easier C proved D such

67 On the floor of the Pacific Ocean is hundreds of flat-tipped mountains more than a mile beneath

sea level

A is B more than C On D hundreds of

68 No longer satisfied with the emphasis of the Denishaw school, Martha has moved to the staff of

the Eastman school in 1925

A emphasis B satisfied C the staff of D Martha has

69 Not until much later did she realize her long-known partner had been lying her

A did she realize B lying C much D long-known

70 Justice is often personified as a blindfolded woman to hold a pair of scales

A blindfolded B to hold C personified D a pair of scales

71 The novelist Shirley Hazzard is noted for the insight, poetic style, and sensitive she demonstrates

in her works

A demonstrates B for C sensitive D The

72 My father asked me where had I gone the night before

A the night B had I C before D asked

73 The harder he tried, the worst he danced before the large audience

A tried B before C worst D The

74 Lake Superior, that lies on the US Canadian border, is the largest lake in North America

A that B the largest C in D lies on

75 The most mammals have hair at some time in their lives, though in certain whales it is present

only before birth

A have B The most C though D some time

76 Alaska’s vast areas of untamed wilderness attracts many people who enjoy the outdoors

A wilderness B untamed C enjoy D attracts

77 Manufacturers may use food additives for preserving, to color, or to flavor, or to fortify foods

A to flavor B fortify foods C for preserving D many use

78 Computer science which is considered by some scientists to have a much closer relationship with

mathematics than many scientific disciplines

A much closer B than many C which is considered D some scientists

79 If one type of manufacturing expands, it is like that another type will shrink considerably

80 The Pullman strike of 1894 occurred took place during the era of rapid industrialization

A place B occurred took C of rapid D industrialization

81 Transplanting organs such hearts and kidneys had proved easier than transplanting muscles

A muscles B easier C proved D such

82 On the floor of the Pacific Ocean is hundreds of flat-tipped mountains more than a mile beneath

sea level

A is B more than C On D hundreds of

83 No longer satisfied with the emphasis of the Denishaw school, Martha has moved to the staff of

the Eastman school in 1925

A emphasis B satisfied C the staff of D Martha has

84 Not until much later did she realize her long-known partner had been lying her

A did she realize B lying C much D long-known

85 Justice is often personified as a blindfolded woman to hold a pair of scales

A blindfolded B to hold C personified D a pair of scales

86 As well as being successful in his many careers, Benjamin Franklin was well-known as a science

A being successful B careers C well-known D science

87 Lewis and Clack had been gone for such long on their expedition that many thought they were

88 Eleanor Roosevelt was one of the most activist and influential first ladies

A was B most activist C influential D first ladies

89 In the 1860s Louis Pasteur discovered that bacteria in air caused the perishable food to go bad

A the 1860s B bacteria C the perishable D bad

90 Homes that have cable television get their programs from a local television station through a cable

connected with the set

A get their programs B from a local television station

91 My father used to giving me some good advice whenever I had a problem

A a problem B whenever C some good D giving

92 The woman of whom the red car is parked in front of the bank is a famous pop star

A is parked B of whom the C a famous pop star D front of

93 The better you are at English, more chance you have to get a job with international

organizations

A a job B better C are at D more chance

94 There are differences and similarities between Vietnamese and American culture

A Vietnamese B and similarities C There are D culture

95 Society will be having to change radically to keep pace with the technology available

A with B Society C available D will be having

96 All of the students in this course will be assessed according to their attendance, performance,

and they work hard

A according B they work hard C performance D All of the students

97 As seeing from the mountain top, area looks like a picturesque harbour town

A from B As seeing C harbour town D like

98 Women in many parts of the world have had lower status than men, which the extent of the gap

between genders varies across cultures and times

A which B varies C parts D the gap between genders

99 Since January this year, Joe has suffered two injuries, one to his ankle and the other in New York

A New York B this year C Since D injuries

100 Most of the students are queuing in lines waiting to enter the classroom

A Most of B are C in lines D to enter

101 In the future, we will certainly lead a more healthier life

102 In the end of the story, Cinderella and the prince get married and live happily together

A the prince B In the end C get married D happily

103 Rattan, a close relative of bamboo, is often used to make tables, chairs, and other furnitures

A furnitures B a close C is often D to make

104 Either Mr Anderson or Ms Wiggins are going to teach our class today

105 I prefer living in a nuclear family than a joint one

106 Wind is the motion that occurs when lightest air rises and cooler heavier air replaces it

A it B that occurs C lightest D cooler

107 These exercises look easy, but they are very relatively difficult for us

A These exercises B for C easy D very relatively

108 A dolphin can communicate with other by making distinctive sounds

A making B sounds C communicate D other

109 Salmon lay their eggs and die in fresh water, although they live in salt water when most of their adult lives A although B when C live in D lay

110 Rock music was original a mixture of country music and rhythm and blues

111 Before television became popular, people used to entertain each other in the evening by playing games, and saying stories

A became popular B to entertain C each other D saying

112 My father is very busy with his business; therefore , he is always willing to give a hand with the housework

A willing to give a hand B with C therefore D the

113 I found my new contact lenses strangely at first, but I got used to them in the end

A my new B strangely C got used D in the end

114 The first important requirements for you to become a mountain climber are your strong passion and you have good health

A The first important B to become C are D you have good health

115 Hardly did he enter the room when all the lights went out

A did he enter B when C the lights D went out

116 Items of luggage whose weight exceed 50 kilograms will not be allowed on the plane

A of luggage B whose C exceed D allowed

117 Heathrow is a very busy airport You always see aeroplanes landing and take off

A busy B a C landing D take off

118 In this hospital they have the best staff and equipments in the whole province It’s really high standard

A In B equipments C whole D high

119 My father used to giving me some good advice whenever I had a problem

A giving B a problem C whenever D some good advice

120 Daisy has such many things to do that she has no time to go out

121 Aristotle systematically set our various forms of syllogism that has remained an important

reference for logic

A systematically B various C that D has remained

122 There are a number of reason why population is concentrated in temperate regions, but the wide variety and availability of animal and vegetable life may be the most important

A of reason B is concentrated C availability D the most important

123 Each chapter contains a few appendix which give additional details as supplements to the text

A contains B appendix C which D as

124 In the hot climate of India, innumerable caves serving generations of religious men as shrines and retreats

A In the B innumerable C serving D as

125 Professor Benton has more experience in this type of procedure from Professor Edwards

A has B in C of D from

Exercise 2: Each of the numbered lines in the passage contains a mistake, find and correct it

Australia was settled by Europeans in 1788, mainly to home

criminals, but with a little independent farmers and businessmen The

settlements were not wealthy, and there was little help available to them

in need: the poor, the sick, the unemploy, and the aged To begin with,

what little help was availably came in the form of charity: donations of

money, acommodation or medical treatment to selected needy

A second approach that began to emerge in the last nineteenth

century was that of “universalism” It stresses that all people in society

should be entitle to certain benefits-up to a minimum level and across a

restricted range of services This approach was used to arguing for the

introduction of a pension for the aged poor

Exercise 3: Each of the numbered lines in the passage contains a mistake, find and correct it

Your mind's abile to bring back experiences you have had is your memory

There are two kinds of remembered, recall and recognition For instance, you

may not be able to recall the poem your read yesterday in class, but if you see

it again, you will know it instant because you recognize it

Some fewer people have 'total recall,' often spoken of as photographic

memory A people with total recall can recite a whole page of a book he has

read only once, or play a musical composition after heard it once This is very

unusual, however, and most people have difficully in remembering even

names they heard a day before This is not because most people lack the ability

to remember, but because of they had not paid much attention to what they

heard They felt not personal reasons to remember Having a personal reason

for remembering is one of the more important factors in a good memory

Exercise 4: Each of the numbered lines in the passage contains a mistake, find and correct it

Instructors in American colleges and universities use many different

teaching methods Some instructors give assignments every days They grade

homework Students in their class have to take many quizzes, a midterm exam,

and a final text Other' instructors pass only writing assignments Some

teachers always follow a course outline and usually use a text book Others

send students to the library of assignments

The atmosphere at some classrooms is very formal Students call their

instructors 'Professor Smith,' 'Mrs Jones,' and so of Some teachers wear

business clothes and make lectures Other classrooms have an informal

atmosphere Students and teachers discuss they ideas Instructors dress

informally, and students call them by their first name American teachers are

not like in their teaching styles

Exercise 5: Each of the numbered lines in the passage contains a mistake, find and correct it

In an early survey conducted in 1888, a billion and the half people inhabited

the earth Now, the population is about six billion and is doing fast Even though

the rate of growth has begun to die down, most people believe the population

size may be eight billion during the next several year

If we examine the amount of land availably for this ever increasing

population, we begin to see the problem No all land is useful to us because it

cannot produce food We can cut out about one fifth at it because it is covered

by snow and ice Then we can cut out other fifth because it is desert Another

fifth is mountains The another fifth does not have enough soil for crops to grow

because it is bare rock Obvious, with so little land to support us, we should take

great care not to reduce it any more or with the rapid growing population we

may soon or later lack food to eat and place to live in

10

11

12

Exercise 6: Each of the numbered lines in the passage contains a mistake, find and correct it

Scientist believe they now have scientific evidence to prove that ecosystems

work best when there is greater variety of species within them This

biodiversity is being losed destroying natural mechanisms that could repair the

damage caused by man

Findings show that losing plants and animals are not only reducing our

quality of life but actually endanger our very existence We cut down rich

rainforests and replace them with one species plantations, so as pine and

eucalyptus We plough up meadows rich on different grasses and herbs and

replace them with one grass, for instance rye or wheat

When a nature ecosystem is simplified the basic processes in the ecosystem

are altered and even damaged With their biodiversity they are not able to serve

as the natural cleaners of our planet Not longer are they able to absorb the

carbon dioxide that is being produce in excess The result is global warming,

caused by the increase by the 'greenhouse effect', and ultimately, or even

'sooner, there will be' a change in the world's climate

Exercise 7: Each of the numbered lines in the passage contains a mistake, find and correct it

The advent of the Internet may be one of the more important

technological developments in recent years Never before have such many

people had access to so many different source of information For all of the

Internet's advantages, however, people are currently becoming aware on some

of its drawbacks and are looking at creative solutions Among the current

problems, which include a general lack in reliability and numerous security

concerns, the most crucial is speed

First in all, the Internet has grown very quickly In 1990, only a few

academics had ever hear of the Internet In 1996, over 50 million people used

it Every year, the number of people with access of the Internet doubles The

rapid growth has been a problem The computer systems who run the Internet

have not been able to keep on with the demand Also, sometimes a request for

information most pass through many routing computers before an information

can be obtained A request for informations made in Paris might have to go

through computers in New York, Los Angeles and Tokyo on order to obtain the

Exercise 8: Each of the numbered lines in the passage contains a mistake, find and correct it

Plants and animals hold medicinal, agriculture, ecological value

Endangered species must be protected and saved of that future generations can

experience their presence and value

Plants and animals are responsible for a variety for useful medications In

fact, about forty percentage of all prescriptions written today are composed

from the natural compounds of difference species These species not only save

lives, but they contribute at a prospering pharmaceutical industry worth over

$40 billion annually Unfortunately, only 5% of know plant species have been

screened for their medicinal values, although we continue to lost up to 100

species daily The Pacific yew, a slow-growing tree find in the ancient forests of

the Pacific Northwest, was historical considered a "trash" tree However, a

substance in its bark was recent identified as one of the most promising

treatments for ovarian and breast cancer Additionally, most than 3 million

American heart disease sufferers would die with 72 hours of a heart attack

without digitalis, a drug deriving from the purple foxglove

13

14

Exercise 9: Each of the numbered lines in the passage contains a mistake, find and correct it

Verbal and nonverbal messages within a same interaction can sometimes send

opposing or conflicting messages: A person verbal expressing a statement of

truth while avoid eye contact may convey a mixed message to the receiver in the

interaction Conflicting messages may occur for a variety of reason often

stemming from feelings of uncertain, ambivalence, or frustration When mixed

messages occur, nonverbal communication become the primary tool people use

to attain additional information of clarify the situation; great attention is placed

on bodily movements and positioning when people perceives mixed messages

during interactions Accurate interpretation of messages are made easier when

nonverbal and verbal communication complement each others Nonverbal cues

can be used to elaborate on verbal messages to reinforce an information sent

when trying to achieve communicative goals; message have been shown to be

remembered better when nonverbal signal affirm the verbal exchange

Exercise 10: Each of the numbered lines in the passage contains a mistake, find and correct it

the vast majority of undergraduates are 18 years' or old when they come into

residence All applicant will need to demonstrate that they have the maturity and

personal skills to cope on university level study A student who will be over 21

on commencing a courses is classified as a mature student

In previous year, the University has had minimum entrance requirements

for all applicants, known about matriculation requirements These included the

need for a qualification in English, a language other then English, and a

mathematical or scientific subject This requirements will be abolished from

Exercise 11: Each of the numbered lines in the passage contains a mistake, find and correct it

The traditionally Vietnamese wedding is one of the most important of

traditional Vietnamese occasion Regardless of westernization, many of the

age-old customs practiced in a tradition Vietnamese wedding continue to be

celebrated by both Vietnamese in Vietnam and oversea, often combining both

western and east elements Besides the wedding ceremony, there is also an

engagement ceremony which takes part usually half a year or so before the

wedding Due of the spiritual nature of the occasion, the date and time of the

marriage ceremony are decided in advance by a fortuner teller The traditional

Vietnamese wedding consist of an extensive array of ceremonies: the first is the

ceremony to ask permission to receive the bride, the secondly is the procession

to receive the bride (along with the ancestor ceremony in her house), the third

is to bring the bride to the groom's house for other ancestor ceremony and to

welcome her into the family, then the last is a wedding banquet

Exercise 12: Each of the numbered lines in the passage contains a mistake, find and correct it

Humans express attitudes toward themself and vividly through body

movements and postures Body movements express truly messages about

feelings that cannot be mask Because such avenues of communication are visual,

they travel much further than spoken words and are unaffected by the presence

of noise that interrupt, or cancels out speak

People communicate by the way they walk, standing, and sit We tend to be

more relaxing with friends or when addressing those of lower status Body

orientation also indicate status or liking of the other individual More direct

orientation is related to a more positive attitude

Body movements and postures alone have not exact meaning, but they can

greatly support or reject the speaking word If these two means of communication

are dichotomized and contradict each others, some result will be a disordered

image and most often the nonverbally will dominate

Exercise 13: Each of the numbered lines in the passage contains a mistake, find and correct it

India have launched EDUSAT, an education satellite that can reach remote

parts of the country at a greatly reduced costly There is also ail initiative

supported by several majority corporations to develop a $100 laptop The laptops

have been availably since 2007 The laptops, sold at cost, will enable developing

countries to give their children a digitally education In Africa, an "e-school

program" has been launched to provide all 600,000 primarily and high schools

with computer equipment, learning materials and internet assess within 10

years Volunteer group are working to give more individuals opportunity to

receive education in developing countries through so programs as the Perpetual

Education Fund A International Development Agency project started with the

support of America President Bill Clinton uses the Internet to allow co-operation

by individuals on issues of socially development

Exercise 14: Each of the numbered lines in the passage contains a mistake, find and correct it

Preparation is a key to a successful interview Is the idea of going to a job

interview make you feeling a little nervous? Many people find that it is the hardest

part of the employing process But it is not real true The more you prepare and

practice, the most comfortable you will feel You should find out as much as

possibly about the company before you go to the interview Understand the

products that they produce and the services that they provides It is also good to

know who the customers are and who the major competitors is Practice makes

perfect It will also make you feel more confidently and relaxed So, practice your

answers to common questions Made a list of questions to ask, too Almost all

interviewers will ask if you have questions This is a great opportunities for you

to show your keenness, enthusiasm, and knowledge

Exercise 15: Each of the numbered lines in the passage contains a mistake, find and correct it

Today's computers operate using transistors, wires and electric Future

computers might use atoms, fibers and light The new NASA-developed

computing device allows machines to work much like the brain These technology

may allow fast-thinking machines to do decisions based on what they see A

planetary rover might use this technology to avoided obstacles A spacecraft

might uses the technology to avoid hazards and identify a pre-selected landing

site with very highly precision The device works much like the brain, whose

power comes from the complex networks of interconnections calling "synapses"

between brains cells Networks of these brain cells, called neurons, allow humans

to make instantly decisions based on an observed image or scene

BÀI TẬP VỀ TỪ CHỨC NĂNG – PARTIAL FILLING

Exercise 1: Supply ONE suitable preposition to each of the numbered blanks

 Dennis has given (1) _ his job so he can stay at home and look (2) _ the children

 Overeating and lack (3) exercise can lead (4) _ serious health problems in later time

 Now, don’t let us (5) _ We are counting (6) _ you to cook something really special for the party this Saturday

 Not paying a visit (7) _ her family last week turned (8) _ to be the biggest mistake

I have ever made

 Jane has always stood (9) _ her brother even when he was accused (10) _ murder and everyone refused to speak to him

Exercise 2: Provide the correct article a/an/the/x (zero article) in the following gaps

(1) first few days after getting home from (2) college were okay but then I began

to feel rather bored and lonely My parents were busy working and (3) most of my friends were either away on holiday or else had (4) holiday jobs I tried to get a job myself but without success I was beginning to wish I had not come home when I saw (5) _advertisement for holiday courses in (6) local newspaper For (7) _small fee you could try lots of different activities organized by (8) town’s youth club Each activity lasted half (9) day and they were all exciting I also met new people as many of (10) tourists staying in the town joined in

Exercise 3: Supply ONE suitable partial; preposition or an article to each of the numbered blanks

Make a great impression The interview is your chance to show that you are (1) best person for the job Your application or resume has already exhibited that you are qualified Now it is (2) to you to show how your skills (3) experience match this position and this company The employer will be looking and listening to determine if you are a good fit He/she will be looking (4) a number of different qualities, (5) addition to the skills that you possess To make the best impression, dress appropriately; express your strengths; arrive early, by about 10-15 minutes;

be enthusiastic; shake hands firmly; be an active listener; sit (6) straight and maintain eye contact; and ask questions

After the interview, follow up (7) a thank-you note This is a chance for you to restate your interest and how you can benefit the company Your best bet is to try to time it (8) that the note gets there before the hiring: decision is made You should also follow (9) with a phone call

if you do not hear back from the employer (10) the specified time

Exercise 4: Supply ONE suitable partial; preposition or an article to each of the numbered blanks

In developing countries, people are sometimes unaware (1) the importance of education, and there is economic pressure (2) those parents who prioritize their children's, making money

in the short term over any long-term benefits of education Recent studies (3) child labor and, poverty have suggested that when poor families reach (4) certain economic threshold where families are able to provide (5) their basic needs, parents return their children to school This has been found to be true, once the threshold has been breached, even (6) the potential economic value of the children's work has increased (7) their return to school

Other problems are that teachers are often paid less than other professions; (8) lack of good universities and (9) low acceptance rate for good universities are evident in countries (10) a relatively high population density

Exercise 5: Supply ONE suitable partial; preposition or an article to each of the numbered blanks

Last year I went (1) Nepal for three months to work in (2) hospital I think it's important to see as much of a country (3) you can, but it is difficult to travel around Nepal The hospital let me have (4) few days’ holiday, so I decided to go into the jungle and I asked a Nepalese guide, Kamal Rai, to go (5) me

We started preparing (6) the trip at six in the morning, and left camp with two elephants carrying our equipment It was hot but Kamal made me wear shoes and trousers to protect me from snakes In (7) jungle there was a lot (8) wildlife, but we were trying to find big cats, especially tigers We climbed (9) the elephants' backs to get better view, but it is unusual to find tigers in the afternoon because they sleep in (10) heat of the day

Exercise 6: Supply ONE suitable partial; preposition or an article to each of the numbered blanks

When you go to the party (1) Atlantica, don't bring (2) gift If you do (3) , our hosts will believe that you think they are poor

Never arrive (4) time in Atlantica Come one (5) two hours late because your hosts will not be on time themselves In Atlantica, all schedules (even airline schedules) run (6) 'elastic time'

(7) dinner time, eat only what the hosts serve you If you ask for something special, (8) host try to get what you want, even (9) they have to go out to the store that evening And never look at the other guests while you eat Instead, look down at your food Use a spoon for all food, even hard foods (10) fried meat

Exercise 7: Supply ONE suitable partial; preposition or an article to each of the numbered blanks

As we are proposing to sponsor (1) student from Africa (2) a three-month language course (3) this country, we also intend to hold (4) Charity Dance in the spring Such events are apt to be difficult to organize, (5) all members of the Club are invited to contribute or help

in any way they can

The moment I was asked (6) we could possibly help in some way (7) the new Club for the Disabled I said yes (8) Chairman, lam bound to say that this is the sort of social work many Club members would like to do, other (9) simply raising money We are therefore planning

to ask members if they can perhaps help out (10) one Saturday every month (on a rota basis)

Exercise 8: Supply ONE suitable partial; preposition or an article to each of the numbered blanks

In other areas (1) the world, adult education movements are (2) a more recent origin In 1960, Egypt established (3) 'schools (4) the people' system designed to educate (5) adult population In the 1970s, countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America began to increase opportunities (6) adult education Innovative programs involving (7) mass media are being used in many countries Tanzania, for example, has used mass education techniques and the radio to organize national education programs (8) health, nutrition, and citizenship (9) the 1980s, international educational exchange programs grew in popularity in (10) United States and many other countries

Exercise 9: Supply ONE suitable partial; preposition or an article to each of the numbered blanks

No one knows (1) limits of population that (2) earth can support Thomas Malthus, (3) English economist, developed (4) theory that became widely accepted in the nineteenth century He suggested (5) because world population tended to increase more rapidly (6) the food supply, (7) continual strain was exerted upon available resources Malthus cited wars, famines, epidemics, (8) other diseases as the usual limitations of population growth

With recent advances in science and technology, including improved agricultural methods and great strides (9) medicine, some of the limiting factors in population growth have been lessened, (10) obvious results

Exercise 10: Supply ONE suitable partial; preposition or an article to each of the numbered blanks

The search (1) alternative sources of energy has led in various directions Many communities are burning garbage (2) other biological waste products to produce electricity, converting waste products to gases (3) oil is also an efficient way to dispose of wastes Experimental work is being done to derive synthetic fuels (4) coal, oil shale, and coal tars But

to date, that process has proven expensive Other experiments are underway to harness power (5) giant windmills Geothermal power is (6) being tested Some experts expect utility companies to revive hydroelectric power derived from streams (7) rivers Fifty years ago hydroelectric power provided one third (8) the electricity used in the United States, but today

it supplies only 4 percent The oceans are another potential source of energy Scientists are studying ways to convert the energy (9) ocean currents, tides, and waves to electricity Experiments are also underway to make use (10) temperature differences in ocean water to produce energy