English grammar activities for 1 bachillerato

SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS PRESENT Complete these sentences with the present simple - John his dog for a walk around Elms Park every day - The Sullivans often on holidays to Majorca and themselves a lot - Mr Snath Mathematics at London university? - I the washing up every night although I it at all - Lisa at her father‟s shop anymore - Hurry up! The film in half an hour and I to miss the beginning - Sanders the ball and dangerously the goal line PRESENT CONTINUOUS Complete the sentences using the verb in brackets in the Present Continuous form He‟s studying (study) Mum……………… (Prepare) the picnic basket right now „……………… (get dressed-Mary) in her bedroom?‟ The dog ……………… (Bark) in the hall Dad………………… (Check) the car Granny…………………… (not-sit) on a chair She ……………… (Stand) with the dog in the hall, waiting Our friends……………… (Drive) to out house „…………… (we-leave) home at 10 o‟clock?‟ „No, we…………… (Leave) at 10.30.‟ „……………… (we-have) lunch at midday?‟ „Yes, around that time.‟ „……………… (We-swim) in the river in the afternoon?‟ „Yes, but only if it is sunny.‟ 10 We……………… (Stay) in the country until 5.00 pm 11 „…………… (we –come back) home in time to see Deathmatch on MTV?‟ „Yes, we are Don‟t worry!‟ Write questions referring to the words in bold The plane is flying over the hills Where is the plane flying? We are meeting at 7.30 tonight……………………………… Tom is waiting for Ann……………………………………… They are going home by bus………………………………… They are opening a new supermarket in June……………… Sam is buying the blue sweater……………………………… Pamela Anderson is having a bath………………………… Jerry is driving on the highway……………………………… Ann‟s writing the answer to the question in her notebook …………… SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS PAST Write the past simple of the verbs in brackets Some are regular and some irregulars “There‟s something strange about that caretaker, Ruth (say) when she (come) in that afternoon I (look)up as she (put) the shopping bags on the table Yes, there is, she (say) He walks quietly about the place like-like- She (drop) into a chair by the table Then she (start) to unload the week‟s food Listen she (say) in a low voice I (recognize) the signs I (wait) for the deep secret Listen, she (repeat).” 3/35 Complete the blanks with the past simple of a suitable verb Some are affirmative, some are negative “But the newspapers to stand firm against him The editors were all trying to produce the best newspapers and they (not) to share reports of events with other newspapers „Your reporters can‟t get news of everything that happens in Europe,‟ Reuter argued The editors (not) Reuter seven years trying to persuade them to use his news agency but it all in vain Reuter was determined to win the battle „I‟ll make you an offer‟ he to the editors I‟ll supply you with news telegrams from Europe every two weeks-free of charge.‟ The editors to give the idea a try After all, they ., they nothing to lose: they (not) to print Reuter‟s telegrams.” MODALS Translate the text - Could I use your mobile phone for a minute, please? I must make an urgent call Well, I can skate but Sheryl can´t, so we´d better go to the cinema, OK? Matt could read at the age of but he couldn´t write Rachel is perfectly able to look after herself Hello, dad Can I borrow you car tonight? Complete these sentences with can (can´t), could (couldn`t) or be able to - Sue _ dance very well when she was a child, but now she´s a terrible dancer! My grandfather died in 1990 He fell in a lake and drowned because he swim I hope my children _ speak at least two languages when they grow up you play tennis, badminton, squash ? Well, _ you play any sport at all? When the fire started I run to the exit door and here I am, safe and sound Rick _ drive but he never does because he is afraid of traffic Unfortunately, not all the passengers on the Titanic get into The lifeboats Write sentences asking for permission in the following situations Use the verbs in your sentences - You need your sister´s motorbike tonight (borrow) You are at a meeting with a lot of people you don´t know You are feeling very cold The window is open (close) You meet a nice boy/girl at a party He/she gives you his/her telephone number You want to go out with him/her (telephone) You are on the bus The window is closed and it is very hot inside (open) You are at a formal dinner You want some more vegetables (pass) You are in the living room with your parents; you are reading It is quite dark and the lights are off (turn on) Match these sentences with the right deduction SENTENCES Wendy´s got all Shakespeare´s plays at Home I´ve got a lot of vanilla ice cream in the freezer I locked the office before leaving but Tom was in when I came back My cousins have all Bruce Springsteen´s records Keith works ten hours a day and sometimes he works at the weekend, too DEDUCTION He must have his own set of keys They must be his number one fans She must admire him a lot He must spend very little time with his family You must like it very much ING FORM / INFINITIVE 10 Finish these sentences by adding an infinitive form and the rest of the sentence -We were in London last month We liked it so much that we hope _ -Wendy is learning _ -The party was very boring so we decided _ -You are a liar You promised _ -They were in big trouble because they had no money, so all of us agreed _ 11 Match the beginnings in group A with the right endings in group B A B Daddy promised… The robber admitted… The Town Council decided… The employee denied… The elderly like… Our guests enjoyed… a (have) used the company car without permission b (install) a new fairground in the suburbs of the town c (let) me go to Italy if I passed the exams d (have) dinner in the garden e (have) taken the money f (tell) stories about the old times -Now write the complete sentence Use the –ing form or the infinitive of the verbs in the brackets - - - - - - 12 Change these sentences into sentences with the –ing form as subject - It is exciting to travel abroad It is nice to meet old friends It is possible to become rich It is an advantage to study languages 13 Now change these sentences with –ing subjects into sentences with it - Working a lot is tiring Eating too much is bad for the stomach Telling lies is sinful Eating vegetables is healthy NOT BUT; NOT ANY; BOTH AND, BUT, NEITHER… NOR; NONE, ALL , 14 Use the information in this chart and make sentences with all of or none of Carrie Michael Pauline went to Majorca last summer OK OK OK studied at Oxford X X X Can drive a car X X X Own a house OK OK OK Live in London OK OK OK Is married X X X 15 Look at the example and make sentences with both of , all of , none of or neither of -Alex went to the opera.Karen went to the opera, too Both of them went to the opera -Dick is a teacher Isaac is a teacher ,too -I am not French My brother is not French, either -Paul lives in San Diego His mother, his father and his sister live in San Diego, too -You were at the beach Your boyfriend was at the beach , too -I don't like oranges Cathy and Steven don't like oranges, either FUTUR E 16 Complete these sentences by putting will + the verbs in the box take – – start – open – hand in - - David says he will the washing up in the morning because he is very tired now Evelyn _ the company report at the end of the week I think Jonathan _ his university studies next autumn Patrick and Martha _ a flight to New York and then hire a car for two weeks Someone is ringing the doorbell! Don‟t worry, I _ the door! 17 Complete these sentences either with will or going to + a verb from the box tell – – phone – apply – start – visit - - Sue _ a new job next week She‟s really excited! A: Oh, no! I forgot to post these letters! B: Don‟t worry! I _ it for you on the way to work A: What are you doing? B: I am filling an application form A: Why? B: Because I _ for a grant to university A: I _ Tom in hospital this evening B: Does Ruth know about it? She wants to see him, too A: Then, I _ her right now and I her YET, AL R E ADY, JUST, S T I L L 18 Fill in the blanks with the present perfect of the verbs in brackets and one of these particles: ALRE AD Y, YET, S T I L L , JUST 1.- You _ the ironing It´s incredible You are so fast! (do) 2.- everybody is waiting for Mr Johnson but he _ (not arrive) 3.- A.- Would you like something to eat? B.- No, thanks I _ breakfast (have) 4.- But I _ What I am looking for (not find) 5.- _ the postcards _ ? (send) 6.- I´m very worried Jack went to Canada a week ago and he _ (not telephone) 7.- I _ my homework Let´s go out! (finish) 8.- Wait a minute! Lucy _ her hair _ (not dry) 9.- A.- We _ all our Christmas presents (buy) B.- But we are only in October VOCABUL ARY 19 Put these names under the right heading art gallery - bus service - cinema discotheque - football ground - golf course train service - library - tennis courts underground - airport Cultural and entertainment facilities art gallery Sport facilities Transport facilities 20 Complete the text about Lindford with the words in the box bus – parks - theatre – hospital primary – discotheque – Japanese fifties – sports centre – restaurants – couples new – transport – supermarkets – children “Lindford is a _ town very near the coast It grew up in the _ with the arrival of many young _ with children There are many facilities and services, especially for _ and young people There are three schools and two secondary ones There are also many _ and playgrounds The _ is well-equipped; it has got a gym, a sauna, running tracks, a swimming pool and a tennis court Young people can go dancing at the lo cal , they can go to the cinema, to Adjectives Adverbs the pub or even to the , because Lindford opened a theatre last year There are also a lot of shops and two big Lindford has a good _ system; there is no underground but the _ and train services are very good There are also some good and some exotic ones, like a Mexican and a _ The is on the outskirts and it is very good.” PREPOSITIONS 21 Fill in the blanks with the right preposition -The boss will meet his staff _ the morning -I can‟t go shopping with you because I have to meet Hans _ the airport -Tomorrow we‟ll finish classes _ noon -Do you enjoy going out _ night? lively kindly -I have an appointment _ the dentist‟s _ four o‟clock -What time does the lecture start _ Monday? -Look! The cat‟s sleeping _ the sofa -Beth is going to Majorca _ Eater -Is Kevin _ the living room or _ his bedroom? -I telephoned Patty _ 11 a m and she was still _ bed -Why don‟t you hang that picture _ the wall? -We‟ll visit my family _ Christmas Day -Working conditions have changed a lot _ the last few years th -My uncle was born _ July 20 1969, the same day that man landed on the moon -Penny has not arrived home yet; she is still _ work -We bought a beautiful bungalow _ the coast -I love London _ spring COMPARISON 22 Choose the right word (adjective/adverb) and complete these sentences -Beatrice can speak German fluently (fluent/fluently) -We did our homework _ and then went to the beach (quick/quickly) -The headmaster looked at me _ when I was interrupted him (angry/angrily) -There was a _ increase in temperatures last week; it was horrible! (sudden/suddenly) -They are a _ couple (happy/happily) -I felt _ when he told me the truth (happy/happily) 23 Consult the dictionary and say which of these words is an adjective and which one is an adverb quickly friendly -Now put these words in the right column kindly - lively – ugly - quietly – badly 24 Complete these sentences with an adverb/expression of place + an adverb/ expression of time -The party was -They travelled -I lived -The parcel was -Terry stayed -We went 25 Complete this list with the comparative and the superlative form of the adjectives given PASSIVE VOICE 26 Complete these sentences in passive voice with the correct form of the verb to be a) Newspapers sold in that shop every day b) Pictures _ painted on cave walls a long time ago c) Tomorrow the pop concert _ held in Madrid d) Many paintings sold at the moment in the art exhibition e) While I was watching TV, all the dishes _ washed by my sister 27 Write these sentences again without changing their original meaning a) You can clean this wall with soap and water This wall can be cleaned with soap and water b) They use computers to make pictures nowadays Nowadays, computers _ c) They were building that bridge when we left the city three years ago That bridge d) You must wash that fruit before you eat it That fruit e) The policeman arrested the child for writing on the subway wall The child 28 Change these sentence from passive to active voice a) English is spoken in most countries People speak English in most countries b) This pasta should be cooked for 12 minutes in boiling water You _ c) The artist is being interviewed right now by the director of the museum _ d) This painting was given to me by the artist _ 29 Change these sentences into passive -The accountants check the accounts of the company every week The accounts of the company are checked by the accountants every week -A tree that fell down during the storm damaged our car -People use credit cards a lot nowadays -The teacher divided the class into three teams -An Italian astronomer discovered a network of lines on the surface of Mars -Statistics reflect consumers‟ likes and dislikes REASON CL AUSES 30 Complete this story with the right conjunction: because, as, although, even though or so “Last night I could not sleep because the neighbours next door were having a party, _ I got up and looked through the window It was a.m I saw a man limping across the road He was wearing a big hat _ I could not see his face _ it was a cold night, he was wearing a light, shabby suit and no coat _ I had nothing to do, I decided to go down and ask him if he was alright I went out of my house and approached the man When he turned round I was really surprised _ it was Mr Durren Mr Darren is quite eccentric he is the richest man in town he lives in avery simple way and he doesn´t like to spend any money at all He looked quite bad _ I asked him what had happened He told me that he was going back home when a dog bit him _ His leg was in a bad way he decided to walk to the hospital I asked him why he had not taken a taxi: “ _ they are very expensive”, he answered _ I am a good person, I told him I would take him to the hospital in my car “How much will it cost me?” he asked “Nothing I´m not interested in money”, I said “That is not possible _ everybody likes money”, he shouted He seemed really angry with me _ I went back into my house and he went on limping to the hospital.” PURPOSE SENTENCES Sarah Judd´s is a student She is saving up to pay for a trip to India She is going to sell her motorbike and her CD player to make some money In order to sell them she put an advert in the local newspaper last week She works in a bar two evenings a week in order to earn some extra money Her parents have given her $500 to help her pay for the trip 31 Answer the questions with the infinitive of purpose or with in order to: 1.- Why does Sarah need money? 2.- Why has she put an advert in the local paper 3.- Why did she phone the local paper last week? Sarah doesn´t have time to have breakfast at home She takes something to eat on the bus and a book to read., usually a travel book about India In the evenings, if there is nothing to watch on T V and she has not got any work to do, she plans her trip She´ll need a guide book to help her plan her route, and enough money to pay for her food and lodging She is also going to take a notebook to writer her experiences in She is looking for someone to go with because she doesn´t want to go alone 1.- Why does she take a book with her in the mornings? 2.- Why will she need a guidebook? 3.- Why will she need money on the trip? 32 Make sentences using SO TH AT / SO AS NOT TO 1.- She sets her alarm clock at p.m She doesn´t want to be late 2.- She puts her alarm clock near her bed She want to hear it 3.- She makes her sandwiches the night before She wants to have more time in the morning 4.- She listens to the weather forecast She wants to know what to wear 5.- She doesn´t make too much noise She doesn´t want to wake the family R E L AT I V E S 33 Complete these relative clauses with who or which - This is the little girl WHO came to John´s party - This is the friend _ convinced me to visit Canada last summer - Let me show you the computer _ I have just bought It´s simply amazing - This is the machine _ you have to repair - The film is about woman _ stayed in Africa for many years studying how the gorillas lived - The lady _ lives upstairs is a famous opera singer and we usually hear her rehearsing 2.- Complete these sentences by choosing the right answer Do it without looking at the text - Henry VII eliminated the influence of _ a) the clergymen and bishops b) the feudal classes and noblement - The Church of England was so unpopular _ a) because of Luther´s doctrine b) because of its wealth - Henry VIII married _ a) six times b) five times - Thomas More was executed because a) he did not recognised Henry VIII as Head of the Church b) he did not want Henry VIII to divorce Catherine - Mary Stuart married _ a) Phillip II of Spain b) Francis II of France HISTORY OF IREL AND F I R ST INVADERS In the year 7000 B.C unknown tribes, probably from the Iberian Peninsula, settled in the valley of the river Boyne In the 5th century B.C the Celts arrived in Ireland These people were divided into small kingdoms always at war with one another In 432 A.D Saint Patrick arrived in Ireland and christianised the island The Scandinavians arrived in 800 A.D., first the Danes and then the Vikings They settled on the outskirts of Dublin They destroyed all the monasteries and all signs of Christianity The Irish built fortresses and castles to defend themselves from the invaders Finally, in 1014 the Irish king Brian Boru defeated the Vikings in the battle of Clontarf ENGLISH INFLUENCE In the 12th century Ireland was divided into four kingdoms The kings of these kingdoms were always fighting to be high-king of Ireland In 1166 Rory O´Connor, king of Connacht, defeated Dermot MacMurrough, king of Leinster and became high-king But MacMurrough wanted to be king so he asked Henry II, the Norman king of England, for help Henry sent Richard Strongbow and his men there in 1170 and helped MacMurrough to be king When MacMurrough died in 1171 Henry II became king of Ireland The Norman barons began to conquer lands in Ireland and by the year 1200 most of the Irish lands were in the hands of the Normans In the 16th century, under the rule oh Henry VIII, England became Protestant In 1541 Henry VIII became king of Ireland, but Ireland did not want to be Protestant so he declared war on the Irish Fifteen years later the English king expropiated the lands of the Irish Catholics, and Protestant English an Scottish settlers occupied them The Irish noblemen were forced to leave the country F I R ST STEPS TO INDEPENDENCE Between the 17th and 18th century the Irish Catholics lost the few rights they still had In 1800 the Irish Parliament was persuaded to vote urs dissolution and London assumed the political control of Ireland In 1823 Daniel O´Connell formed the Catholic Association, the first effective step to emancipation In 1828 he was elected Member of the Parliament but he could not take his seat because he was a Catholic This fact forced the introduction of the Emancipation Act in 1829, which gave Catholics the same rights as Protestants THE G R E AT FAMINE During the 1840´s a terrible catastrophe struck the country: the Great Famine In 1846 and 1847 a parasite destroyed the potato crops, the main sustenance of the Irish More than 700.000 Irish people died and 800.000 emigrated to America The population was drastically reduced from to million people MORE STEPS TO INDEPENDENCE The Irish Party, headed by Isaac Butt and Charles Stewart Parnell tried to achieve a system of selfgovernment for Ireland, but it was not possible In 1916 an armed revolt was put down but its supporters (the Sinn Fein) achieved support in the elections of 1918 and established the first Dail (parliament) in 1919 FREEDOM AT L A ST In 1921 Ireland and England signed the Treaty of London and Ireland gained its independence, 26 Irish countries formed the Irish Free State, and the countries in Northen Ireland remained part of the United Kingdom One part of the island rejected this division and in 1922-23 a Civil War started In 1923 the truce arrived W.T.Cosgrave was chief of government from 1922 to 1932 In 1932 Eamon de Valera became Prime Minister until 1959 From then until his retirement in 1973 he was President In 1937 a new Constitution was voted; in 1949 the last links with Great Britain were cut and Ireland became a Republic In 1973 Ireland became a member of the European Union 1.- Answer these questions in your own words - Which tribes arrived in Ireland before the Normans? - Why was the battle of Clontarf so important for the Irish? - What were the consequences of MacMurrough´s cried for help to the Normans? - Why did Henry VIII declare war on Ireland? - What led to the achievement of the Emantipation Act in 1829? - What was the Great Famine? What consequences did it have for Ireland? - Why did the Civil War break out in Ireland? 2.- Write the event that took place in these years - 432 A.D.: Saint Patrick arrived in Ireland and christianised it - 1171: - 1556: - 1919: - 1921: - 1922-23: - 1932-59: - 1937: - 1949: - 1973: 3.- Choose the right meaning for these words: - High king: a) the king of all the kingdoms b) the most intelligent king - Emancipation: a) Catholic cult b) Freedom from political restrictions - Crops: a) produce for exporting to other countries b) cultivated plants for food - Rejected: a) refused to accept b) agreed with 4.- March these words with the right definition: Outskirts Stop something by using force Defeated Agreement to stop war Assume Serious lack of food in a country Famine Part of a city not in the centre Put down Accept responsibility Truce Won a victory over the enemy 31.- Match these words with their meaning: Slave Finally Eventually Sound that snakes make Put out Clear an area of something Get rid of Person who is the property of another person Hissing Stopped burning 32.- Imagine you are Saint Patrick and answer these questions - How and when did you arrive in Ireland? Why did you always want to go back to Ireland when you were in France and Rome? How did you convince the High King of Ireland to become Christian? APOLLO 11 Neil Armstrong was to be the captain of Apollo 11 E Aldrin and M Collins were his team The flight to the moon was the second journey into space for all three Apollo needed three astronauts, although only two could land on the moon The third man, Collins, had to stay in orbit round the moon in one piece of the spaceship, the command module His two friends went down in another piece, the lunar module, to land on the surface of the moon Then the lunar module had to dock again with the command module for the journey home On 16th July 1969, the men were ready The Apollo spaceship was also ready on top of Wernher von Braun‟s powerful Saturn rocket It was now or never for the USA Several miles away people heard the noise as the Saturn left the ground Many people watched it on T V and heard the American voice from Cape Kennedy:”We have liftoff” Apollo flew high into the sky One by one the rocket stages fired and fell away Then in only a few minutes the spaceship left the earth‟s atmosphere Again the Saturn rocket fired and sent Apollo on its way when it was time for it to leave earth orbit and go to the moon Then suddenly there was a problem; a Soviet spaceship was too near Apollo in space However the Soviets told them that the Soviet spaceship was an unmanned probe; it was not a danger to Apollo Armstrong and his men had a quiet three-day journey before Apollo reach the moon Then only a few minutes late, Apollo went into orbit round the moon There was time for a meal and some sleep before their most difficult job began Four three two one zero! The lunar module, called the Eagle separates from the command module Armstrong and Aldrin have said goodbye to Collins who will wait in orbit for them They begin to go down to the surface of the moon They look out of their window and see- not a flat landing-place but a crater! Immediately Armstrong must find a safe landing-place and move the Eagle to it He is successful a short time later the world hears Armstrong‟s voice:” The Eagle has landed!” After six hour rest, on 20th July 1969 Armstrong opens the door of the Eagle A few moments later he is the first man to put his foot on the surface of the moon Next Aldrin comes out and together the two men put the US flag into the ground They are alone on the moon but millions of people on earth can watch the American success because the astronauts have T V cameras with them Match these words with the right definition Words Dock Lift-off Fell away Stages Unmanned Probe Definition Sections of a rocket where the engines are Join together in outer space Space vehicle for exploring outer space Separated from the spaceship Leave the earth Without people inside THE TI TANIC The Titanic left Suthampton for New York on Wednesday 10 April High up in the ship, Frederick Fleet looked into the night There was no moon but the stars were bright The sea was still It was very cold The Titanic had six men who were lookouts These men were the eyes of the ship Fleet remembered the words of one of his officers:” look out for icebergs We‟ve heard that there are some about.” It was 10 o‟clock at night Fleet could see nothing dangerous in front of the ship He spoke to the other lookout, Reginald Lee, “I‟m so cold,” he said “I can see nothing Can you?” “No I‟ve never seen the sea still and quiet like this” Now it was 11.40 on Sunday 14 April Suddenly Fleet saw something in front of him It was small but every minute it grew bigger and bigger He took up the telephone and spoke to the officer on the bridge of the ship “What did you see?” “Iceberg in front of the ship,” said Fleet For the next half minute Lee and Fleet looked at the iceberg It came nearer and nearer Still the ship did not turn “We‟re going to hit it if we don‟t turn soon, “thought turn The iceberg was higher than the Titanic The two lookouts felt the touch of the iceberg But it was not a big bang Just then Captain Smith came on to the bridge “Mr Murdoch, what was that?” he asked “An iceberg, sir I turned the ship and I‟ve now stopped her I tried to go round the iceberg but she was too close I couldn‟t any more.” On the bridge Captain Smith heard the news It was bad “The water‟s coming in fast,” said one officer.”It‟s filling the lower part of the ship.” At 12.05 a.m the Captain said, “Get the boats ready Tell the passengers The ship is sinking.” It was twenty-five minutes after the bang Then the people on the Titanic soon heard the news Passengers left their rooms The sailors started to get the lifeboats ready There were sixteen boats There were also four boats made of cloth All the boats together could carry 1178 people There were 2207 people on the Titanic “Women and children first.”Now nobody wanted to stay behind on the Titanic The front of the ship was deeper in the water now One after another the lifeboats dropped into the sea One young Irishman, David Buckley, jumped into a boat with some other men He put a cloth over his head He looked like a young woman So an officer let him stay But the other men had to leave Another young man tried to hide in a boat An officer found him “You must wait Women and children first” One by one the lifeboats dropped into the sea At last here was only one wooden lifeboat There were 1600 people still on the Titanic Men began to jump into the cold sea Some swam to the lifeboats But most of the officers and sailors stayed on the ship They waited quietly or walked up and down 1502 people went down with the Titanic Today all ships must carry enough lifeboats for all the people on the ship Ship radios must work 24 hours a day All ships must listen to the radio for news about icebergs 1.- Answer the questions about the text -What did Frederick Fleet when he saw the iceberg? -What did Mr Murdoch in order not to crash into the iceberg? Was he successful? -What were the orders that Captain Smith gave at 12.05 a.m.? -Why did so many men stay on the Titanic if she was sinking? -What “positive” consequences did the sinking of the Titanic have? Say if these statements are true or false Support your answers with evidence from the text -At 10 p.m Fleet and Lee did not see anything strange on the sea -The Titanic hit the iceberg because she didn‟t turn round -There were sixteen life boats in total aboard the Titanic -An officer told David Buckley to leave the boat immediately -More than 1000 people died when the Titanic sank Match these words with the meaning they have in the text Still Lookouts Close Sinking Life-jackets Dropped Near the ship Not moving, quiet Fell People who watch the sea to warn of possible danger Going below the water Waistcoats people put on in order to stay afloat in water G R E AT BRITAIN Compulsor y: school is compulsory from the age of to 16 Primary school: from the age of to 11 Secondary school: up to the age of 16 or 18 UNITED KINGDOM EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM Schools: most of the British schools are state schools The students pay no fees and the books are fee Abut 7% of schools are private Curriculum: in G Britain there is a fixed number of subjects that include: science, English, history, maths, geography, art, physical education, music and a foreign language Terms: British schools have three terms: autumn term from September to December, spring term from January to March and summer term from April to July U.S.A EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM Compulsory: school is compulsory from the age of to 16 The different of study are called grades Elementary school: from the age of to 13 Secondary or high school: up to the age of 16 Schools: 85% of students attend public schools 15% attend private schools Four out of five private schools are run by religious groups Curriculum: there is no national curriculum in the USA But there are certain common subjects in all schools: maths, language, penmanship, science, social studies, music, art and physical education In some schools there are courses on computers and in a second language Apart from these subjects there are also non academic subjects called electives that students may choose from, such as cooking, photography, theatre And afterwards : many American students want to enter university when they finish high school To so, they must pass the Scholastic Attitudinal Test and get a good score Answer these questions with your own words then? -What is the main difference between state and private schools? -How many levels of schooling are there in Great Britain and the USA? -Is the British curriculum the same for all schools? What does it consist of? -Is there a national curriculum in the USA? Are there the same subjects in all US schools, Match these words with the meaning they have in the text Compulsory Fees Terms Score Are run Curriculum Penmanship Are managed T otal number of points that somebody gets in a rest Periods of time which the school year is divided into Sum of money paid for a service Something obligatory Skill or style in writing Everything that is taught at school Write for and against these questions: -In your opinion, which schools are better, public or private schools? Why? -Are you for or against taking an exam before entering university? Why? Complete this information about the educational system in your country - Compulsory schooling age: Primary school: Secondary school: Curriculum: Terms: Now compare the system in your country with the system in Great Britain Say which of these words are related to school and which ones aren‟t Jam-rucksack-ruler-track-cartoon-rubber-chalk-world-map-shop-pencil encyclopedia-umbrella-homework-puppy-notebook-pupil-uniform case-sunflower-paper-clips- ANGEL A WILKINSON 20, is a student at the university of Ulster in Northern Ireland and studies for a degree in electronic systems ANGEL A WILKINSON “I‟ve lived all my life in Coleraine on the north coast of Northern Ireland When I started at the university last year I was a bit lonely: It was my first time away from home and it took a while to settle in But after a few weeks I made good friends and now we all have a brilliant time The electronics course is hard work, harder than I expected although it‟s not surprising because there‟s a great deal to cram in It covers computer hardware and software and involves programming, electronics design and a great deal besides There‟s a lot of practical work involved Electronics is still regarded as a male preserve; I‟m the only woman on the course at the moment I got interested in electronics when I did a week‟s work experience with a large company while I was working for my Maths, Physics and Chemistry “A” levels I wanted to something practical and didn‟t want to become a teacher so this course seemed just right Next year I‟ll be on a placement working in industry- I‟m not sure where that will be yet- before returning for the fourth year and finals.” JASON ANDREWS 20, lives in Treharris, near Merthyr Tydfil in South Wales, and travels to Ystrad Mynach College of further education to study computing and office technology “I‟m in my third year at college on the computer course and have learnt how to programme computers using BASIC Most of the work is practical with a lot of time spent at the keyboard I‟m hoping that I‟ll be able to get a job in civilian support work with the armed forces from their early history to the modern day- it‟s my main hobby In my room here I‟ve got a large collection of military memorabilia including badges, books and imitation weapons I started collecting vintage toy cars when I was very young and began collecting all things military when I was eight I‟m looking forward to getting my own car some time soon At present a taxi transports me between home and college I‟ve got a girlfriend in Merthyr Tydfil and a car would mean I could see her more often I‟m a member of a PHAB club in Merthyr and we meet every week on Thursday evenings It‟s good fun We go on outings and various sporting activities; it helps able-bodied people to get to know and understand disabled people and vice versa At the next PHAB sports day in November I‟ll be doing archery and weight-lifting I various other things; sometimes I play my electric guitar and can pick up music quite easily, and I used to play the organ although the only keyboard I play at the moment is attached to the computer Say if the following statements are true or false Give evidence from the text -Jason is highly interested in music and sports -Jason would like to get a job with the armed forces -Jason has got his own car Match these words with the meaning they have in the text Keyboard Piece of metal or cloth with a message Memorabilia Short pleasure trips Badges Set of keys that you press to operate a computer Vintage People with a physical or mental disability Handicapped Sport involving shooting with a bow and arrows Outings Thing people collect related to something or somebody in the past Able-bodied Healthy and strong Archery Classic, characteristic from a period in the past Choose the right meaning for these words Settle in Live Become established Cram in Learn Fit into a small space or short time Male preserve An area of activity regarded as belonging only to men Temporary job to acquire experience CONQUER O F A M E R I C A Around the year 1000, a party of Vikings under Leif Ericson sailed to the eastern coast to North America They landed at a place called Vinland Five hundred years later, the need for trade and an error in navigation led to another European encounter with America Christopher Columbus mistakenly believed that he could reach the Far East by sailing 6.400 kilometres west from Europe Columbus sailed west, but he did not reach Asia Instead he landed on one of the Bahamas Islands in the Caribbean Sea ENGLISH SE T T LE M E N TS The first successful English colony in the Americas was founded at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607 Of the first 105 colonist, 73 died of hunger and disease within seven months of their arrival Buy the colony survived and eventually grew and became wealthy In New England several settlements were established by English Puritans These settlers came to America to escape persecution in England and to found a colony based on their own religious ideals One group of Puritans, called the “Pilgrims” settled at Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620 Over time, the British colonies in North America were also occupied by many non-British groups German farmers settled in Pennsylvania, Swedes founded the colony of Delaware, and African slaves first arrived in Virginia in 1619 In 1626, Dutch settlers purchased Manhattan Island from local Indians chiefs, and built the town of New Amsterdam; in 1664, the settlement was captured by the English and renamed New York COLONIAL E R A By 1770 Philadelphia, with 18000 inhabitants was the largest city, followed by New York, Boston and Charleston, South Carolina All the colonies shared a tradition of representative government The English king appointed many of the colonial governors, but they all had to rule in cooperation with an elected assembly Britain could not exercise direct control over her American colonies London was too far away By 1733, English settlers had occupied 13 colonies along the Atlantic coast, from New Hampshire to Georgia The British government charged new taxes on sugar, coffee, textiles and other imported goods But the Americans feared that the new taxes would make trading difficult Tensions eased when Lord North removed all the new taxes excepts that on the tea In 1773 a group of patriots responded to the tea tax by staging the “Boston Tea Party” Disguised as Indians, they boarded British merchant ships and tossed 342 crates of tea into Boston harbour REVOLUTION On April 19, 1775, 1770 British soldiers marched from Boston to forestall a rebellion of the colonists At the village of Lexington, they confronted 70 militiamen Someone – no one knows who- fired a shot and the American War of Independence began At first the war went badly for the Americans The tide turned in October 1777, when a British army under General John Burgoyne surrendered at Saratoga, in northern New York The Treaty of Paris, signed in September 1783, recognized the independence of the United States and granted the new nation all the territory north of Florida, south of Canada and east of the Mississippi River 1.- Answer these questions in your own words - Which two factors were decisive in Columbus´ arrival to America? Who were the Pilgrims? Which groups arrived in America during the 17th century, apart from the English? Do you think America was a land of opportunities? Why/Why not? What was the aim of the “Boston Tea Party”? Which fact led the Americans to win the War of Independence? 2.- Choose the sentences that express one idea from the text A.- Columbus´ expedition was the first one to reach North America - Columbus arrived 500 years later than the Vikings - The Vikings decided to go to the New World B.- The first English settlement was an immediate success - Despite the initial problems, the colony at Jamestown survived and became wealthy - Jamestown was founded by London merchants C.- The Pilgrims wanted religious freedom - The Pilgrims went to America to make fortune - The Pilgrims did not believe in God D.- By the end of the 18th century Philadelphia was the biggest city in North America - The biggest city by 1770 was Charlestown - Los Angeles was one of the most important cities by the 1770s E.- Britain had direct control over its colonies - Britain controlled its colonies trough a governor - The British king governed the colonies 3.- Rewrite these sentences by substituting the words in italics for the ones below: (govern, brought, gave, intercept, additions to the law, organising, the course of event changed) - Dutch settlers purchased Manhattan Island from local chiefs They all had to rule in cooperation with an elected assembly A group of patriots responded to the tea tax by staging the “Boston Tea Party 700 British soldiers marched from Boston to forestall a rebellion of the colonists The tide turned in October 1777 And granted the new nation all the territory In 1791 10 amendments – the Bill of Rights- were added to the constitution 4.- Find the right synonym to these words Wealthy Threw Appointed Were afraid Feared Rich Tossed Boxes Crates Chose 5.- Match these words with their right definition Trade Goods Amount of money that people have to pay to the government Made the situation less unpleasant Eased Put on clothes to change your appearance Taxes Activity of buying, selling or exchanging goods Disguised Stopped fighting and admitted defeat Surrendered Things made to be sold Translate the following sentences which cover most grammatical points you worked on Lisa ya no trabaja en la tienda de su padre Matt Kremp es saxofonista No quiero que vayas al parque porque está lloviendo mucho Unos 1500 millones de personas hablan inglés en todo el mundo El inglés se usa en muchas ocasiones Muchos idiomas incluyen palabras inglesas en su conversación diaria Encantado de conocerte ¿De dónde eres? La música reggae nació hace unos 20 años A diferencia de muchos músicos pop, él tenía algo que decir _ 10 ¿De quién es este libro? Es mío _ 11 Antes de irte de vacaciones, hay algunas cosas importantes que debes hacer _ 12 Estuvimos en Londres el mes pasado Nos gustó tanto que esperamos volver _ 13 Por favor, déjame quedarme un poco más _ 14 World Charity es una organización que ayuda a los pobres _ 15 Ella trabaja allí tres días a la semana 16 En mi tiempo libre me gusta hacer muchas cosas 17 Siempre he querido hacerlo desde que era un niño 18 ¿Lo sabe el Sr Johnson? 19 Se casan el mes que viene 20 Soy un estudiante de 16 años 21 Dime lo que tengo que hacer para ser miembro del club 22 No tenía nada que ver el mundo del espionaje 23 Estaba a punto de irse cuando recibió una oferta que no podía rechazar 24 Ellos no estaban de acuerdo 25 Vimos una película sobre el trabajo de los bomberos 26 Se mudó a Londres porque su madre encontró un trabajo mejor 27 Esa película se basa en una historia verdadera 28 Yo no soy así 29 Nadie puede decir seguridad de donde viene esta superstición 30 Por eso es por lo que mucha gente evita tener 13 invitados 31 A las 8,00 estaba desayunando Raquel 32 Estábamos sentados en el suelo porque no había suficientes sillas 33 Los dos fueron a la ópera ayer 34 ¿Te gustan los coches? Sí 35 Perdone, ¿es este el museo? Sí 36.- La fiesta es en la casa de Larry, ¿no? 37.-Parecen deliciosos, ¿no? 38.- Cuando le pidieron a una mujer 5000 libras, ella se rió de ellos 39.- ¿Está todo preparado para el viaje? Creo que sí 40.- Esta fiesta también se llama el de julio 41.- Hace que les digan su futuro 42.- ¿Por qué no vamos a patinar mañana? 43.- Sabe conducir pero nunca lo hace 44.- ¿Hay leche en el frigo? 45.- Hay un manzano en el jardín 46.- ¿Te gustaría un bombón? 47.- Quiero que lo ordenes inmediatamente 48.- Voló de América a Italia para visitar a sus primos 49.- La Coca-Cola se vende en 185 países 50.- Tiene que terminar este informe hoy 51.- Juan debería tomarse unas vacaciones 52.- Debe tener su propio juego de llaves 53.- No debes aparcar aquí (está prohibido) 54.- Sería mejor que nos diésemos prisa 55.- Algunos otros pubs cogen el nombre de algún personaje famoso 56.- El no se llevaba muy bien su amiga Ruth 57.- El verano pasado hicimos un viaje a Egipto 58.- No pongas excusas 59.- El es un conductor precavido 60.- ¿Me puedes ayudar a arreglar la bici? Lo siento pero tengo que irme 61.- Juan estaba tumbado en la cama 62.-Era tan pequeño que no alcanzaba 63.- Estás equivocado en una cosa 64.- ¿Cómo sabía una niña de años esas cosas? 65.- El hará la colada por la mañana 66.- Creo que lloverá mañana 67.- Llegó a Dublín ayer por la noche 68.- ¿Te ayudo? 69.- ¿Vamos a un pub esta noche? 70.- Es una ciudad cercana a la costa que creció en los 70 71.- Durante años cuidó de los animales 72.- Se las arregló para deshacerse de todas las serpientes venenosas 73.- Tío Juan viene mañana, martes 74.- La película está a punto de empezar 75.- Hay unas rosas para ti en el comedor 76.- Hace mucho frío en enero 77.- Antes había muchos niños en este colegio 78.- Trabajar mucho es muy agotador 79.- Comer demasiado es malo para el estómago 80.- Pedro es más alto que Juan 81.- Juan es más inteligente que Pedro 82.- Aunque Helena es la mejor 83.- Nunca habían sido más felices 84.- Es la montaña más alta del mundo 85.- Y este es el océano más grande del mundo 86.- No es sólo el de octubre, sino toda la semana 87.- Mis padres han trabajado en la misma fábrica toda su vida 88.- No has hecho nada bien desde que llegaste 89.- La semana pasado compré un coche nuevo 90.- No visto a sus compañeros de colegio desde que dejó su ciudad natal 91.- ¡No lo vas a creer! Ya limpiado el coche 92.- ¿Has comprado el libro ya? 93.- Acabo de despertarme y no he desayunado todavía 94.- ¡Todavía no me han devuelto el dinero! 95.- ¿Has tomado alguna vez comida exótica? 94.- ¿Cuándo fue la última vez? 95.- Estos son algunos de los proyectos más importantes 96.- Lanzaron una serie de satélites artificiales al espacio 97.- Estaba demasiado cerca 98.- Las cadenas del fantasma golpeteaban en el castillo mientras las campanas repicaban 99.- Cuando llegamos al aeropuerto el avión había despegado ya 100.-Ese es el policía que me ayudó