Chapter passive VOICE Chapter passive VOICE Chapter passive VOICE Chapter passive VOICE Chapter passive VOICE Chapter passive VOICE Chapter passive VOICE Chapter passive VOICE Chapter passive VOICE Chapter passive VOICE Chapter passive VOICE Chapter passive VOICE Chapter passive VOICE Chapter passive VOICE Chapter passive VOICE
Trang 1Chapter : Passive VOICE
A : Định nghĩa:
1 Câu chủ động là câu mà chủ ngữ gây ra hành động
I study English (tôi học tiếng anh)
2 Câu bị động là câu mà chủ ngữ bị tác động bởi hành động
English is studied by me
B : Quy tắc chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động
1 Tìm hiểu,phân tích câu làm 3 thành phần (S,V,O)
2 Đa tân ngữ của câu chủ động xuống làm chủ ngữ của câu bị đông
3 Đổi động từ của câu chủ đọng thành (be+Ved/3)-câu chủ động ở thì nào thì động từ tobe phảI ở thì đó
4 Đa S của câu chủ động xuống làm O của câu bị động đợc đặt sau giới từ By.(By có thể lợc bỏ nếu S không dõ hay không quan trọng nh:
people,someone,they,somebody…))
Active : S + V + O
Pasive : S + be + V(ed/3) + (by + O)
Mr Manh teaches English
English is taught by Mr Manh
*Note : - Nếu trong câu có nhiều trạng từ thị khi chuyển sang câu bị
động chúng đợc sắp xếp theo thứ tự sau :
Thể cách + nơi chốn + thời gian
Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn đợc đặt trớc By + O
Trạng từ chỉ thời gian đợc đặt sau By + O
- Nếu câu chủ động có 2 tân ngữ thì một trong 2 tân ngữ có thể làm S trong câu bị động
He gave me a pen
I was given a pen by him
A pen was given to me by him
C : Some special Passive form:
1/ Questions:
Ex: Who wrote that play? -> By whom was that play written?
Have they read the letter? -> Has the letter been read?
2/ Negative pronoun agent:
Ex: Nobody can unlock the case -> The case can’t be unlocked
3/ Material agent:
Trang 2Ex: Smoke filled the room -> The room was filled with smoke.
4/ Sentences with two objects:
Ex: Mary’s parents gave her a birthday present
Mary was given a birthday present by her parents
A birthday present was given to Mary by her parents
D : Câu bị động của các thì trong tiếng anh
Hiện tại đơn giản S + V_(s/es) is
S + Am + V_(ed/3) + by + O Are
Quá khứ đơn giản S + V_(ed/2) was
S + + V_(ed/3) + by + O
were
Hiện tại tiếp diễn is
S + Am + V-ing Are
is
S +Am+being +V(ed/3)+by+O Are
Quá khứ tiếp diễn was
S + +V-ing were
was
S + +being+V(ed/3) +by+O
Were Hiện tại hoàn thành Have
S+ +V(ed/3) Has
Have S+ + been + V(ed/3)+by+O Has
Tơng lai đơn và
động từ khuyết
thiếu
Will Can S+Shall + V Ought to Should…)
Will Can S+ Shall + be + Ved/3+by+O Ought to Should…)
* Một số tr ờng hợp bị động khác:
a Bị động với have / get something done“ have / get something done ”: Hình thức bị động này đợc sử dụng để nhấn mạnh rằng hành động của chủ thể đợc thực hiện của ngời khác
Eg: + Someone painted John’s flat yesterday
John had his flat pạinted yesterday
b Bị động với hình thức nguyên thể (infinitive) và danh động từ (gerund ).
Eg: + We dọn’t want to be refused entry
Trang 3+ She hates being photographed
c Bị động với các động từ chỉ quan điểm ( verbs of opinion ): believe, know, say, report, think,… Hình thức bị động này thờng đợc sử dụng khi ngời
nói muốn tránh đề cập tới chủ thể thực hiện hành động
It + to be + PII(ed/cột 3) + that + clause.
Hoặc:
S + to be + PII(ed/cột 3) + to-inf/to have + PII(ed/cột 3).
Eg: + People believe that David left New Zealand last week
It is believed that David left New Zealand last week
David is believed to have left New Zealand last week
* Chú ý : - Khi chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là các đại từ nhân xng nh
I/you/we/they/she/he/it/ hoặc các phiếm từ nh people/someone/somebody chuyển sang câu bị động chúng ta không cần dùng by + O
- Khi chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là các danh từ tên riêng hay các danh từ chỉ giống và danh từ cụ thể chuyển sang câu bị động chúng ta phải sử dụng by + O
I/ Rewrite these sentences, using the verbs in passive form with
"will/ can/ should/ must + be + past participle."
1 Some body will clean the room later
->
………
…
2 You mustn't open this parcel until Christmas Day
->
………
…
3 They can't make tea with cold water
->
………
…
4 The students will hold a meeting before the Teacher's Day
->
………
…
5 People can recycle tires to make pipes or floor coverings
Trang 4->
………
…
6 They should send applications before December
->
………
…
7 The manage must sign the contract today
->
………
…
8 They will build the new bridge by the end of the year
->
………
…
9 We should use cloth bags instead of plastic bags
->
………
…
10 We can use the garbage to make fertilizer
->
………
…
II/ Rewrite the sentences, use the verbs in present passive form:
1 People use milk for making butter and cheese
->
………
…
2 The milkman brings bottles of milk to houses
->
………
…
3 Careless driving causes many accidents
->
………
…
Trang 54 Weeds cover the river bank.
->
………
…
5 People speak English all over the world
->
………
…
6 They don't use this house very often
->
………
…
7 Do they teach French in this school?
->
………
…
8 They make a lot of beautiful toys from recycled plastic
->
………
…
9 The workers clean the streets every day
->
………
…
10 Do they usually hold the concerts at the university?
->
………
…
III/ Change these sentences into passive:
1 Some body clean the house every day
->
………
…
2 How do people learn language?
->
………
…
Trang 63 John will collect me at the airport.
->
………
…
4 Mr Robinson teaches us how to speak English properly
->
………
…
5 Your teacher must sign this form
->
………
…
6 People play football all over the world
->
………
…
7 Our form teacher will hold a class discussion next Monday
->
………
…
8 Will you invite her to your birthday party?
->
………
…
9 We can't wear jeans at work
->
………
…
10 Do they speak French and English in Canada?
->
………
…
11 They separated the rice from the husk
->
………
…
12 The boys made a fire by their camp
Trang 7->
………
…
13 They build this house more than one hundred years ago
->
………
…
14 Every year Viet Nam exports millions of tons of rice
->
………
…
15 Vietnamese people celebrate their Lunar New Year around January
or February
->
………
…
16 After Tet holiday Vietnamese people usually plant trees in their neighborhood
->
………
…
17 How many festivals do you celebrate in your community?
->
………
…
18 How many motorbikes does Viet Nam import a year?
->
………
…
19 The publisher published his book in 1996
->
………
…
20 They repaired our desk during the weekend
->
………
…
Trang 8IV/ Use the passive and an infinitive to rewrite the sentences below:
Ex: 0 They asked me to repair the table
-> I was told to repair the table
1 They told him to stay home for three days
->
………
…
2 They asked Mr Robinson to do the shopping
->
………
…
3 She told him not to talk in the class
->
………
…
4 Mr Thompson allowed us to use his computer
->
………
…
5 He taught me to do the magic when I was a boy
->
………
…
6 They advised us to take a bus downtown
->
………
…
7 The organization asked him to take an English test
->
………
…
8 They say that she is the best student in the class
->
………
…
9 They told us to go home and wait
Trang 9->
………
…
10 The teacher told us to work harder on English pronunciation
->
………
…
V/ Complete the second sentences so that it has the same meaning to the first:
1 We must pay the bill at once
-> The bill ………
2 I will repair your bicycle tomorrow afternoon
-> Your
bicycle………
3 Penicillin can cure many dangerous diseases
-> Many
………
4 Does your country export rice to Britain?
-> Is rice
………
5 Clement Clarke Moore wrote the poem in 1823
-> The poem
………
6 Christmas cards should be sent a week before Christmas day
-> You
………
7 Nobody has used this machine for year
-> This machine
………
8 They use recycled plastic to make toys and utensils
->
Recycled………
9 Tax free goods can be bought before you get on the plane
-> You
………
10 The repairman is going to repair my car next week
Trang 10-> We are going to
have………
11.They can make tea with boiled water
-> Tea
12 He is instructing all the workers of the plan at the moment -> All the workers of the
plan
13 A boy has just taken some of my books away
-> Some of my books
14 They will hold the celebration before January
-> The celebration
15 They have to repair their car
-> Their car
16 The boys broke the window last night
-> The window
17 People spend much money on advertising everyday
-> Much money
18 Hung took some pictures of his father away yesterday
-> Some pictures of his father
19 They may use their rooms for the classrooms
-> Their rooms
20 The teacher is going to punish some students
-> Some students
III/ Change these sentences into passive:
1 Peter is writing a letter to his friend
2 My friends making some phone calls in the evening
3 B ad drivers are causing many accidents
4 The children are eating a lot of sweets
5 Nam is repairing mt piano at the moment
6 they are demolishing the entire block
7 someone is cutting the glass now
8 that factory is producing more and more pollution
9 someone is showing her how to do it
10 the boys are planting some trees in the garden
11 Lan was prepairing that report when I came to see him
12 Waiters and waitresses were serving customers
13 The president was signig those papers
Trang 1114 Was Mary helping her mother in the kitchen at that time?
15 The head teacher was making the announcement
16 Someone was cleaning the windows while I was there
17 They were preseting the athletes to the spectators when we came
18 Someone is making the coffee when I walk into the kitchen
19 They have sold their car to pay debts
20 No one has opened the window for ages
21 No one has ever asked me that question before
22 They haven’t done anything since he left
23 A doctor has just examined John
24 They haven’t used this machine for ages
25 Peter has sung this song
26 They have paid doctors a lot of money
27 She has eaten all the ages
28 Famous engineers have designed the aircraft
29 Have several people just seen the accident?
30 We have invited all the members to the party
III/ Change these sentences into active:
31 Lan is helped by the teacher
32 I am surprised by the news
33 The letter will be posted by Lan
34 The cake has been eaten by the children
35 That letter was written by Linda
36 You will be amazed by this news
37 The letter is going to be answered by the secrectary
38 Many people are employed by that company
39 The work will be done by Mr Manh
40 The window was washed by Mr Truong
41 This house was built in 1990
42 We have been invited to a party
43 That dictionary has been bought by my sister
44 Is spanish spoken in Peru?
45 Is English spoken by a large of people?
IV/Choose the best answer
1 They use cars and trucks to carry food to market
A Cars and trucks are used to carrying food to market
B Cars and trucks are used to carry food to market
C Cars and trucks are use to carry food to market
Trang 12D Cars and trucks are used to carried food to market
2 We will meet him at the station
A He will be met at the station
B He will meet at the station
C He will be meet at the station
D He will be meeted at the station
3 How long have they done their work?
E How long have their work been done?
F How long has their work be done?
G How long has their work been done?
H How long have their work done?
4 No one could help him
I He could be helped by no one
J He couldn’t be helped by no one
K He could be helped
L He could helped
5 The gate is painted once a year
M.They paint the gate one a year
N They painted the gate one a year
O They are painting the gate one a year
P D They will paint the gate one a year
6 Food can t be sold on the sidewalk’
Q They can’t sold food on the sidewalk
R They can’t be sold food on the sidewalk
S They can’t sell food on the sidewalk
T They can sell food on the sidewalk
7 The flowers shouldn t be cut in this garden’
U You shouldn’t be cut the flowers in this garden
V The flowers shouldn’t cutting the flowers in this garden W.The flowers shouldn’t cut the flowers in this garden
X D You shouldn’t cut the flowers in this garden
8 When was this car bought?
A When do they buy this car ?
B When did they bought this car?
C When did they buy this car?
D When are they bought this car?
9 Why isn t she taken to the cinema with them?’
A Why don’t they taken her to the cinema with them?
B Why doesn’t she take to the cinema with them?
C Why doesn’t she take them to the cinema?
D Why don’t they take her to the cinema with them?
10 Who was she invited to the party by?
A Who invited her to the party by?
B Who invited her to the party?
C Whom invites her to the party?
D Whom invited her to the party?