subjunctive mood lý thueet bài tập

UNIT Subjunctive Mood Preview Part A Present Subjunctive Principal: I am recommending that Mrs Robinson stay home until after her baby is born Jenny: When is her baby due? Principal: Around September 15th I requested that she return to school in January Mark: Who is going to teach us until then? Principal: Ms Shaw I insist you be as respectful to her as you are to Mrs Robinson! Grammar Explanation The subjunctive mood is used to talk about actions or states that are in doubt or not factual The present subjunctive* is formed with the base form of a verb It occurs only in noun clauses beginning with that These clauses follow verbs, nouns, or adjectives that express suggestions, demands, or requests.** Words of suggestion: propose, recommend, recommendation, suggest, suggestion, advise, advisable, critical, desirable, important, vital, urge The doctor suggested I sleep more It is important that he sleep more The doctor’s suggestion is that they sleep more It is advisable that she sleep more Words of demand: demand, imperative, insist, necessary, order, require, required My parents have demanded that I be quiet at night Your parents require that you be quiet at night It will be imperative that she be quiet at night Words of request: ask, beg, prefer, request, wish I ask that you have more patience with the other students The teacher requested that Nick have his project finished earlier To make a subjunctive clause negative, add not before the subjunctive verb I recommend that you not exercise until you feel better * The term “present” refers to the form of the subjunctive verb (base form) rather than the time in which the action happens The verb in the main clause may be in any tense ** In subjunctive sentences, the word that is sometimes omitted after certain verbs (propose, suggest, insist) It is not usually omitted in other contexts Unit Subjunctive Mood AEG5_SB_0808.indd 2013-08-19 2:22:49 UNIT Practice Exercise Exercise Part A Match the sentence parts My tutor prefers that a we be quiet during the test It’s advisable that you b keep the bandage on for a few days Tom suggested we go fishing c she apply to Harvard Her math teacher advised that d travel plan before he goes away Mom insisted that Bob make a e we meet twice a week Our French teacher demanded that f if the weather is nice tomorrow Circle the correct answers Victor suggested that I (gets / got / get) more exercise They demanded that we (do not be / are not being / not be) so loud I recommend that you (look / looking / to look) for a job that isn’t so stressful Nina asked that we (not disturb / did not disturb / are not disturb) her The weather reporter said it was advisable that we (taking / take / to take) an umbrella today The owner of the restaurant requested that he (smokes / smoke / to smoke) outside The police officer insisted that I (not show / didn’t show / to not show) him my license, but I did! It is critical that you (not eat / not eat / did not eat) anything the night before your surgery Part A AEG5_SB_0808.indd 2013-08-19 2:22:50 Practice Exercise Underline the mistakes in the sentences Write the corrections using the present subjunctive Her doctor ordered her remain in bed that she The commander ordered that the thief is arrested The police asked them avoid driving during the storm It is necessary we’ll pack enough food for the hiking trip The waiter’s recommendation was she order the pancakes The bank manager demanded that he pays the debt on time Exercise Unscramble the sentences suggested / I / they / scenic / route / the / take I suggested they take the scenic route students / the / be / recommend / I / that / polite _ a / new / start / He / proposed / that / she / hobby _ citizens / taxes / The / insists / that all / pay / government _ imperative / students / It / to / properly / that / research / learn / is _ demanded / The father / a traditional / have / wedding / daughter / his / that _ Unit Subjunctive Mood AEG5_SB_0808.indd 2013-08-19 2:22:51 UNIT Grammar in Use Exercise Part A Fill in the blanks with the words from the box go let choose Steve: Hey Jo, what’s up? Are you planning our surfing holiday? Jo: No, my parents are insisting that I not _ Steve: Why? Is it because it’s too dangerous? Jo: Yeah, they asked that we _ a safer activity My sister suggested that we _ something in the city Steve: How about we go sightseeing in Beijing instead? Jo: Exercise That’s an idea I’ll propose that they _ me that I’ll call you if they agree Answer the questions about the above reading using the present subjunctive Did Jo’s parents agree to their planned surfing trip? _ What did Jo’s parents request? _ What did Jo’s sister suggest? _ What will Jo next? _ Part A AEG5_SB_0808.indd 2013-08-19 2:22:51 Part B Preview Dear friends, Past Subjunctive I’m having a great time here in Canada So far, I have gone skiing, ice skating, and fishing If it’s sunny tomorrow, we might even go camping! There’s so much to If I were back home, I wouldn’t be doing all these fun things I wish you were all here with me If only you weren’t so busy, you could join me Well, hope to see you soon Your friend, Claire Grammar Explanation The past subjunctive* is formed with the past form of a verb that describes a state, condition, or habit It is used to talk about hypothetical or imaginary situations With the verb be, the form were (not was) is usually used for all subjects Use Examples After the verb wish to express an unfulfilled desire I wish Sally were here to help us He wishes he could run faster After if (only) in second conditional sentences (followed by a clause with would, could, or might) If people drove smaller cars, we would all breathe cleaner air If I were taller, I could reach the top shelf You might like her if you knew her better After the verbs suppose and imagine, expressing unreal conditions (usually followed by a sentence with would or could) Suppose you met the president What would you say? Imagine you were rich What could you do? After as though or as if to make a comparison to an imaginary condition She acts as though she were very rich, but she’s not He drives as if he were in a Formula race * The term “past” refers to the form of the subjunctive verb (past simple) rather than the time in which the action happens All of the examples above are about the present 10 Unit Subjunctive Mood AEG5_SB_0808.indd 10 2013-08-19 2:22:54 UNIT Practice Exercise Exercise Part B Match the sentence parts Imagine we could a were nicer today I wish the weather b if their parents approved I could go to the party c I would forgive him If he said he was sorry, d though she were a native speaker She speaks Japanese as e if I were not sick They would get married f travel to Mars Unscramble the sentences knew / wish / my sister’s / I / secret / I I wish I knew my sister’s secret happier / she / be / rich? / if / Would / she / were _ little boy / as if / talks / a man / The / were / he _ you / Imagine / the oldest / children / of six / were _ speak / could / he / English / fluently / He / wishes she / raise / the answer, / she knew / her hand / would / If _ Part B AEG5_SB_0808.indd 11 11 2013-08-19 2:22:54 Practice Exercise Rewrite the sentences in the second conditional (using if and the past subjunctive) It can’t fly because it doesn’t have wings If it had wings, it could fly She can’t get a job because she is so lazy _ He doesn’t keep his promises, so I don’t trust him _ I am able to see well because I’m wearing my glasses _ I can’t write to Jane because I don’t know her address She can’t buy a new car because she doesn’t have enough money _ Exercise Look at the pictures Complete the sentences Julie runs as if _ Lisa cries as though Tony plays soccer as if Kevin speaks as though 12 Unit Subjunctive Mood AEG5_SB_0808.indd 12 2013-08-19 2:22:55 UNIT Grammar in Use Exercise Part B Fill in the blanks with the words from the box imagine had would as if wish were I1 wish you were here We’re having an exciting time in Hong Kong The food is great, and the buildings are so tall The weather is so hot, though! that the weather back home were hot and humid every night That’s what it’s like here! Yesterday, we were in a taxi The driver was driving we were in a race Suddenly, we crashed into another taxi The two drivers were yelling at each other, and it looked as though they going to fight Eventually, we got back to our hotel OK The trip has been perfect so far, except I wish our room air conditioning If it did, it be a lot more comfortable Your friend, Andy Exercise Answer the questions with your own information If you could visit any city, where would you go? _ What would you if you visited Hong Kong? _ If your taxi were hit by another taxi, how would you feel? _ Suppose you were in a taxi and the driver were driving too fast What would you do? _ Part B AEG5_SB_0808.indd 13 13 2013-08-19 2:22:57 Part C Review Exercise Circle the correct answers Jerry requested that Kim (helps / help) him with his essay I suggest that he (finishes / finish) his homework by midnight My mother insists that my father (exercise / exercises) regularly Is it really necessary that Gail and I (to attend / attend) this meeting? It is important that you (be given / will given) your medication by a qualified nurse He recommended that I (took care / take care) to study longer than twenty minutes for the next test Exercise Rewrite the sentences in the past subjunctive Use the given words She sings as well as a pop star as if She sings as if she were a pop star I’m short, so I can’t dunk a basketball taller _ If it’s sunny tomorrow, I’ll go to the beach now _ Pretend that you’re homeless What will you do? suppose _ Three players on our team are injured, so we’ll probably lose healthy win _ Charlotte wants to work at a bookstore so that she can get a discount on books wish _ 14 Unit Subjunctive Mood AEG5_SB_0808.indd 14 2013-08-19 2:23:00 UNIT Part C Exercise Use the words to write complete sentences Add prepositions and articles if necessary Change the forms of the verbs if necessary I – wish – my dog – be – friendlier _ She – insist – we – try – cake– last night _ If – he – have – longer – hair, – he – will – look – like – girl _ It – be – important – she – ask – her doctor – before – starting – diet _ Further Learning Past Perfect Subjunctive (Third Conditional) The past perfect subjunctive is also called the third conditional Like second conditional sentences, third conditional sentences talk about unreal situations However, they are about the past They are formed like this: If clause Result clause If + subject + past perfect verb, subject + would/could/might have + past participle · If they had eaten lunch, they wouldn’t have been hungry (In fact, they didn’t eat lunch, so they were hungry.) · If she hadn’t forgotten her book, she would have studied yesterday (She forgot her book, so she didn’t study yesterday.) · You might have enjoyed the party if you had come (You didn’t come, so you didn’t enjoy the party.) Quick Check Circle the correct answers If she (hadn’t / hasn’t) met Tim, she wouldn’t have gotten married We could (have won / won) the big game if we had practiced more I might have failed if you (hadn’t helped / wouldn’t have helped) me If I had known you were waiting for me, I (would have / had) walked faster Part C AEG5_SB_0808.indd 15 15 2013-08-19 2:23:00