TỪ VỰNG STARTER TOEIC (HANDOUTS)

- Refrigerate [ri’fridʒəreit] v : to make sth such as food or liquid cold in a refrigerator in order to preserve it or keep it fresh = làm lạnh, ướp lạnh  Refrigerator [ri’fridʒəreit

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- Refrigerate [ri’fridʒəreit] (v) : to make sth such as food or liquid cold in a

refrigerator in order to preserve it or keep it fresh = làm lạnh, ướp lạnh

 Refrigerator [ri’fridʒəreitə] (n) = fridge

- Overdose [‘ouvədous] (n) : too much of a drug taken at one time = dùng

thuốc quá liều

- Emergency [i’mə:dʒensi] (n) : an unexpected and dangerous situation that

must be dealt with immediately = sự khẩn cấp

 Emergency room (n) : a part of a hospital that immediately helps

people who have been hurt in an accident or who are extremely ill = phòng cấp cứu

- Consult [kən’sʌlt] (v) : to ask sb for some information or advice =

hỏi ý kiến, tham khảo

- Medication [,medi’kei∫n] (n) : medicine or drugs given to people who are ill

- Accelerate [ək’seləreit] (v) : to go faster, to make sth go faster or happen

more quickly = thúc đẩy

- Commerce [‘kɔmə:s] (n) : the buying and selling of goods and services

= buôn bán, thương nghiệp, thương mại

- Succession [sək’se∫n] (n) : happening one after the other without

anything different happening in between =

sự nối tiếp, dãy, chuỗi

- Sustainable [səs’teinəbl] (adj) : able to continue without causing damage to

the environment = có thể tiếp tục mà không gây hại đến môi trường

- Produce [‘prɔdju:s] (n) : food or other things that have been grown or

produced on a farm to be sold = nông sản, sản phẩm nông nghiệp được trồng để bán

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Foreign Language Department

 Product [‘prɔdəkt] (n) : sth that is grown or made in a factory,

usually in order to be sold

 Productivity [,prɔdʌk’tivəti] (n) : the rate at which goods are produced, and

the amount produced = khả năng sản xuất, năng suất

CHAPTER 2

- Wheelchair [‘wi:lt∫eə(r)] (n) : a chair on wheels which people who are

- Indicator [‘indikeitə] (n) : something that can be regarded as a sign of

something else = dấu hiệu

- Eyesight [‘aisait] (n) : your ability to see = thị lực

- Injured [‘indʒəd] (adj) : physically or mentally hurt = bị tổn thương, bị

thương

- Wrist [rist] (n) : the narrow part at the end of your arm where

it joins your hand = cổ tay

- Telescope [‘teliskoup] (n) : a piece of scientific equipment shaped like a

tube with special lenses inside, used for making distant objects such as stars and planets look larger and closer = kính thiên văn

- Medicine cabinet ‘medsn ‘kæbinət : tủ thuốc (gia đình)

- Dentist [‘dentist] (n) : nha sĩ

- Barber [bɑ:bə r] (n) : thợ cắt tóc

- Bandage [‘bændidʒ] (n) : a long piece of soft cloth which is tied round a

wound or an injury=(cuộn) băng (vết thương)

- Appointment [ə‘pɔɪntmənt] (n) : cuộc hẹn

 Make an appointment with someone hẹn với ai

To call first thing tomorrow : ngày mai điều làm trước tiên là gọi điện thoại

- Chart [t∫ɑ:t] (n) : biểu đồ, sơ đồ

- Twist [twist] (n) : trẹo, vẹo, xoắn

- Painful [‘peinfl] (adj) : đau đớn

- Relieve [rɪ’li:v] (v) : make less painful / ease the pain giảm đau  pain-relieving tablets thuốc giảm đau

- Heal [hi:l] (v) : to make or become well again, especially

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Page 3

after a cut or other injury/ hàn gắn, lành

- Organ [‘ɔ:gən] (n) : one of the parts inside your body that have a

particular function = bộ phận, cơ quan

- Bump into [bʌmp] (v) : to hit sb/ sth by accident when you are

moving / run into sb / happen to meet =

- Swollen [‘swoulən] (adj) : bigger than usual because of illness or injury

= sưng phồng, căng ra do bị thương

 swell – swelled – swelled/ swollen (v)

- Wrap [ræp] (v) : tie sth such as cloth around a part of a body

= quấn chặt

- Reject [ri’dʒekt] (v) : to refuse or accept sb/ st = bác bỏ, loại bỏ

- Leather [‘leðə(r)] (n) : (bằng) da thuộc

- Broke [brouk] (adj) : having no money = cạn túi, cháy túi

- Quiz [kwiz] (n) : a short informal test; a game or competition

vui, bài kiểm tra ngắn

Make the most of

Get the most out of

Make use of

- Clinic [‘klinik] (n) : a small hospital where you go to receive

special medical treatment = bệnh viện tư, phòng khám tư

- Pressure ['pre∫ə(r)] (n) : the force that is produced when you press on

or against sth = áp suất, áp lực

 Blood pressure (n) : the force with which the blood travels round

the body = huyết áp

- Cholesterol [kə’lestərɒl] (n) : a chemical substance found in fat, blood or

other cells in your body, which can cause heart disease = chất béo gây xơ cứng động mạch

- Charge [t∫ɑ:dʒ] (n) : the price that you must pay for sth = tiền phải

trả

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- Stretch [stret∫] (v) : to push out your arms, legs, etc as far as

possible = căng ra, duỗi ra

- Workout [‘wə:k’aut] (n) : a period of physical exercise = thời kỳ tập

luyện thể thao

- Cramp [kræmp] (n) : a sudden pain that you get in a muscle, that

makes it difficult to move = vọp bẻ, chuột rút

- Stimulate [‘stimjuleit] (v) : to make sb feel interested and excited about

sth = khuyến khích, kích thích

- Flexibility [fleksəˈbɪləti] (n) : linh hoạt, dẽo

- Strenuous [‘strenjuəs] (adj) : using a lot of effort or energy = căng thẳng,

vất vả

- Donor [‘dounə] (n) : a person, group that gives sth, especially

money, to help an organization or country = người cho, người hiến

 Donate [dou’neit] (v) : to give sth, especially money, to a person or

an organization in order to help them = tặng, biếu

- Registration [,redʒi’strei∫n] (n) : the act of recording names and details on an

official list = sự đăng ký

 Register [‘redʒistə] (v)

- Be aware of [ə‘weə(r)] : know, hiểu biết

- Germ [dʒə:m] (n) : a very small living thing that causes disease

= vi trùng

- Bacterium [bæk’tiəriəm] (n) : very small living things, some of which cause

illness or disease = vi khuẩn

 Bacteria [bæk’tiəriə] (n., pl.)

- Hygiene [‘haidʒi:n] (n) : keeping yourself and things around you

clean in order to prevent disease = vệ sinh

- Enforce [in’fɔ:s] (v) : to make people obey a rule or law = làm cho

có hiệu lực

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- Insurance [in’∫uərəns] (n) : an arrangement with a company in which

you pay them money, especially regularly, and they pay the costs if sth bad happens, for example if you become ill or your car is damaged = bảo hiểm

- Existent [ig’zistənt] (adj) : existing now = tồn tại, sẵn có

- Pyramid [ˈpɪrəmɪd] (n) : hình chóp, (hình) kim tự tháp

- Portion [‘pɔ:∫n] (n) : a part or share of sth = phần chia

- Nutritional [nju:’tri∫nl] (adj) : relating to the substances in food that help

you to stay healthy = dinh dưỡng

 Nutritious [nju:’tri∫əs] (adj) : very good for you = có chất dĩnh dưỡng, bổ

dưỡng

 wisely (adv)

- Agenda [ə’dʒendə] (n) : a list of matters to be discussed at a meeting

- Contractor [kən’træktə] (n) : a person or company that has a contract to

do work or provide goods or services for another company = nhà thầu, người thầu

- Resuface [ˌriːˈsɜːfɪs] (n) : put new surface on a road/ tráng mặt đường

- Punish [ˈpʌnɪʃ] (v) : cause to suffer, (trừng) phạt

- Temporary ['temprəri] (adj) : lasting or intended to last or be used only for

a short time = tạm thời, nhất thời, lâm thời

- Punctual [‘pʌŋktju:əl] (adj) : on time / đúng giờ

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- Observe [əb’zɜ:v] (v) : watch, view / xem, quan sát

- Policy ['pɔləsi] (n) : a plan of action agreed or chosen by a

political party, a business, etc = chính sách, cách xử sự, cách giải quyết (vấn đề ) đường lối hành động

- Pay off (phrasal verb) : If something you have done pays off, it is

successful: thành công

- Considerable [kən'sidərəbl] (adj) : great in amount, size, importance, etc =

đáng kể, to tát, lớn lao

- Flattery ['flætəri] (n) : praise that is not sincere, especially in order

to obtain sth from sb = sự tâng bốc, sự xu

ni ̣nh, sự bợ đỡ

e.g.: You’re too intelligent to fall for his flattery

- Disgust [dis'gʌst] (n) : strong feeling of dislike or disapproval for sb/

sth that you feel is unacceptable, or for sth that looks, smells, etc unpleasant = sự ghê tởm, sự phẫn nộ

 Disgust (at / with sth) or disgust (for sb)

CHAPTER 2

- Hold [həʊld] (v) : - grasp, grab / cầm, nắm, giữ

- Geology [dʒi'ɔlədʒi] (n) : [U] the scientific study of the earth, including

the origin and history of the rocks and soil of which the earth is made = khoa đi ̣a chất, đi ̣a chất học

- Mineral ['minərəl] (n) : a substance that is naturally present in the

earth and is not formed from animal or vegetable matter, for example gold and salt

= khoáng vật, khoáng sản

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- Algebra ['ældʒibrə] (n) : a type of mathematics in which letters and

symbols are used to represent quantities = đại số học

- Creativity [ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti] (n) : creativeness, inventiveness / sự sáng tạo

- Experiment [iks'periment] (n) : a scientific test that is done in order to study

what happens and to gain new knowledge = cuộc thí nghiệm, cuộc thử nghiệm

e.g.: to do/ perform/ conduct an experiment

 Experiment on sb/ sth or experiment with sth

- Disturb [dis'tə:b] (v) : 1 to interrupt sb when they are trying to

work, sleep, etc.:

náo động; quấy rầy, làm bối rối, làm lo âu;

làm xáo lộn e.g.: Don’t disturb the papers on my desk

e.g.: It disturbed her to realize that she was alone

- Dent [dent] (n) : a hollow place in a hard surface, usually

caused by sth hitting it = hình rập nổi, vết e.g.: A large dent in the car door lõm (do bi ̣ rập mạnh)

e.g.: It seemed that nothing could dent his confidence

- Spotlight ['spɔtlait] (n) : 1 [C] (also informal spot) a light with a

single, very bright beam that can be directed

at a particular place or person = đèn chiếu điểm; đèn rọi; đèn pha

e.g.: The room was lit by spotlights

spotlight = khu vực đèn chiếu điểm; đèn rọi; đèn pha

e.g.: She stood alone on stage in the spotlight

and the public = sự nổi bật trong công

chúng, sự chú ý cao độ

e.g.: Unemployment is once again in the spotlight

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- Consecutive [kən'sekjutiv] (adj) : [usually before n] following one after another

in a series, without interruption = liên tục, liên tiếp

e.g.: She was absent for nine consecutive days

- Coincience [kou,insi'dens] (n) : an occasion when two or more similar things

happen at the same time, especially in a way that is unlikely and surprising / sự trùng hợp

 Coincidental [kou,insi'dentl] (adj)

- Accidental [,æksi'dentl] (adj) : happening by chance; not planned = tình cờ,

ngẫu nhiên; bất ngờ

- Immediate [i'mi:djət] (adj) : happening or done without delay = lập tức,

tức thì = Instant (adj)

e.g.: to take immediate action

- Present ['preznt] (adj) : existing or happening now = current /

- Transferable [træns'fə:rəbl] (adj) : that can be moved from one place, person or

use to another = có thể dời chuyển, có thể di chuyển

e.g.: We aim to provide our students with transferable skills

= That can be used in different jobs

- Cheat [t∫i:t] (v) : cheat (at sth) to act in a dishonest way in

order to gain an advantage, especially in a game, a competition, an exam, etc = gian lận

- Suspension [sə'spen∫n] (n) : [U, C] the act of officially removing sb from

their job, school, team, etc for a period of time, usually as a punishment = sự đình chỉ; sự đuổi

- Admit (to sth / doing sth) (v) : to say that you have done sth wrong or Admit + to infinitive illegal = Confess to = thừa nhận

Admit + (that) clause

E.g.: She admitted having stolen the car

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- Tolerate (+ V-ing) ['tɒləreit] (v) : bear, stand, endure, put up with, chịu đựng

- Considerate [kən'sidərit] (adj) : always thinking of other people’s wishes and

feelings; careful not to hurt or upset others =

thận trọng, chu đáo, ý tứ = Thoughtful

- Reject [ri'dʒekt] (v) : to refuse to accept or consider sth = không

chấp thuận, loại bỏ, bác bỏ

e.g.: to reject an argument / a claim / a decision / an offer / a suggestion

- Character ['kæriktə] (n) : [C, usually sing.] all the qualities and

features that make a person, groups of people, and places different from others = tính nết; tính cách; cá tính

e.g.: to have a strong/ weak character

- Aspect ['æspekt] (n) : [C] a particular part or feature of a situation,

an idea, a problem, etc.; a way in which it may be considered = khía cạnh; mặt

- Recommendation

[,rekəmen'dei∫n] (n) : [C] (to sb) (for / on / about sth) an official

suggestion about the best thing to do = sự giới thiệu; sự tiến cử

- Coach [kout∫] (n) : a person who trains a person or team in

sport = huấn luyện viên

- Submit [səb'mit] sth (to sb/ sth) : to give a document, proposal, etc to sb in

authority so that they can study or consider it

= nộp  to submit an application / a claim / a complaint

- Orientation [,ɔ:rien'tei∫n] (n) : training or information that you are given

before starting a new job, course, etc = sự

đi ̣nh hướng e.g: an orientation course

- Reverse [ri'və:s] (v) : to change sth completely so that it is the

opposite of what it was before = đảo ngược, lộn ngược

e.g.: to reverse a procedure / process / trend

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- Dismiss [dis'mis] (v) : release, send away = giải tán

- Potential [pə'ten∫l] (adj) : [before noun] that can develop into sth or be

developed in the future = tiềm năng; tiềm tàng

- Release [ri'li:s] (v) : to make sth available to the public = phát

hành, công bố e.g.: to release a movie / book / CD or new products released onto the market

- Diploma [di'ploumə] (n) : 1 (Br.E.) a course of study

completed a course of study or part of your education = giấy chứng chỉ cấp khi hoàn thành một khoá học ; bằng cấp; văn bằng

- Enroll [in'roul] (v) : to arrange for yourself or for sb else to

officially join a course, school, etc = ghi danh

- Geology [dʒi'ɔlədʒi] (n) : [U] the scientific study of the earth, including

the origin and history of the rocks and soil of which the earth is made = khoa đi ̣a chất, đi ̣a chất học

Unit 3: INFINITIVES AND GERUNDS

CHAPTER 1

- Expect [iks'pekt] (v) : to wait for = mong đợi

 Expectation [,ekspek'tei∫n] (n)

- Hurt [hə:t] (v) : to cause mental pain to =làm tổn thương

- Smoke Detector [smouk di'tektə] (n) : an electronic fire alarm that is activated by

the presence of smoke =máy báo khói

- Install [in'stɔ:l] (v) : to place in position or connect for service or

use = lắp đặt, cài đặt

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 Poisonous ['pɔizənəs] (adj)

- Fumes [fju:mz] (pl.n.) : strong, unpleasant and sometimes

dangerous gas or smoke / khói, hơi độc

- Opponent [ə'pounənt] (n) : a person who is on an opposing side in a

game, contest, controversy, or the like; adversary = địch thủ, đối thủ

CHAPTER 2

- Resign [,ri:'zain] (v) : to give up an office or position = từ chức

- Take turns / take it in turn(s) (UK) : When a number of people take turns, they

do the same thing one after the other:

We take turns to answer the phone Chúng tôi luân phiên nhau trả lời điện thoại

Whose turn is it to wash the dishes? Đến phiên ai rửa chén vậy?

- React [ri:'ækt] (v) : to act in response to an agent or influence =

Phản ứng, phản xạ

 Reaction [ri:'æk∫n] (n)

- Crocodile ['krɔkədail] (n) : Cá sấu

- Documentary [,dɔkju'mentəri] (n) : Phim tài liệu

- Amazing [ə'meiziŋ] (adj) : extremely surprising / kinh ngạc

- Creature [ˈkriːtʃə(r)] (n) : organism, a living thing / (một loài) sinh vật

- Soap opera (= soap) (n) : a series of television or radio programmes

about the lives and problems of a particular group of characters The series continues over

a long period and is broadcast (several times) every week Chương trình TV nhiều tập

- Channel [ˈtʃænl] (n) : a television station / kênh TV

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- Can you do me a favor? Anh làm ơn giúp giùm tôi nhé? (dùng khách sáo)

- Personality [pɜ:səˈnæləti] (n) : quality / nhân cách phẩm chất

- Apologize [ə'pɔlədʒaiz] (v) : Xin lỗi

 Apologize to sb for sth/ doing sth : Xin lỗi ai về cái gì

 Apology [ə'pɔlədʒi] (n) lời xin lỗi

- Regret [ri'gret] (v) : to think of with a sense of loss = lấy làm tiếc

- Belated [bi'leitid] (adj) : Coming later than expected / Đến muộn,  a belated apology / Lời xin lỗi muộn màng chậm trễ

- Exhibition [,eksi'bi∫n] (n) : Cuộc triển lãm

- Chapter ['t∫æptə] (n) : a separate part of a book = chương

- Object [əbˈdʒekt] (v) : express or feel disapproval, dislike /

oppose (+ V-ing) = phản đối, bác bỏ

Object TO / Be opposed TO / Protest against

- Spare [speə] (adj) : free for other use = dư, thừa

- Mess [mes] (n) : untidiness / sự bừa bộn, lộn xộn, luộm thuộm

Messy [ˈmes] (adj) : bừa bộn, lộn xộn, luộm thuộm

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nắp

- Be aware of [ə'weə] (adj) : having knowledge = ý thức được

- Protect (from/against) [prəˈtekt] (v) : to keep someone or something safe from

injury, damage or loss / defend / bảo vệ

- Theft [θeft] (n) : the act of stealing, burglary = Sự ăn trộm

- Vital ['vaitl] (adj) : necessary to life = quan trọng

- Property ['prɔpəti] (n) : goods, land which a person owns = tài sản,

bất động sản

- Fluorescent pen [fluə'resnt] (n) : Highlighter / Bút dạ quang

- Invisible [in'vizəbl] (adj) : not perceptible by the eye = không thể nhìn

thấy được

- Naked eyes ['neikid] (n) : Mắt trần, mắt thường

- Identify [ai'dentifai] (v) : to recognize = nhận ra

- Annual ['ænjuəl] (adj) : yearly = hàng năm

- Merchandise ['mə:t∫əndaiz] (n) : goods, esp manufactured goods;

commodities = hàng hóa

- Wise [waiz] (adj) : having the power of judging what is true or

right = khôn ngoan

- Cushion [ˈkʊʃn] (n) : a soft bag of cloth, leather, or rubber, filled

with feathers, air, foam rubber, etc., on which

to sit, kneel, or lie = cái nệm nhỏ (trên sofa)

- Co-ordination [kəʊˌɔːdɪˈneɪʃn] (n) : Sự điều phối

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- Theme [θi:m] (n) : a subject or topic = chủ đề

- Bargain ['bɑ:gin] (n) : - agreement to buy something at lower price

than its true value = sự mặc cả

 to bargain (v) thương lượng, trả giá

- something on sale at a lower price than its

true value = món hời

- Approximately [əprɒksmətl] (adv.) : near; close together = xấp xỉ

- Luxury [ˈlʌkʃəri] (n) : great comfort (provided by expensive,

beautiful things) sự sang trọng

- Feature ['fi:t∫ə] (n) : sth offered as a special attraction = đặc

trưng, nổi bật

- Whirlpool ['wə:lpu:l] (n) : water in swift, circular motion = xoáy nước

- Fully-fitted kitchen (n) : Nhà bếp dược lắp đặt đầy đủ các thiết bị

- Gas oven ['ʌvn] (n) : an oven fueled by gas = lò, bếp ga

 Floor tile Gạch lót sàn

 Roof tile Ngói

- Marble tile floors ['mɑ:bl] (n) : Sàn nhà ốp đá hoa cương

- Fireplace ['faiəpleis] (n) : a space in the wall of a room for a fire to

burn in, or the decorated part which surrounds this space = lò sưởi

- To be located in (on, at) : to place at a certain location = tọa lạc

- Real estate (n) : property, esp in land = bất động sản, nhà

đất

- Homemaker ['houm,meikə] (n) : a person who manages the household of his

or her own family / housewife = người nội trợ

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- Vacuum cleaner ['vækjuəm'kli:nə] (n) : an electrical appliance for cleaning carpets,

floors, etc., by sucking dust and dirt =

- Efficient [i'fi∫ənt] (adj) : performing in the best possible manner with

the least waste of time and effort = hiệu quả

- Cordless ['kɔ:dləs] (adj) : Không dây

- Insulate ['insjuleit] (v) : cách điện, cách nhiệt

 Insulation [,insju'lei∫n] (n) : Sự cách điện, cách nhiệt

 Insulator ['insjuleitə] (n) : Chất cách điện, cách nhiệt

- Expose [iks'pouz] (v) : phơi ra, bày ra

 Exposure [iks'pouʒə] (n)

- Moisture ['mɔist∫ə] (n) : Hơi ẩm, độ ẩm

- Hesitate ['heziteit] (v) : to be reluctant or wait to act because of fear,

indecision = do dự

 Hesitation [,hezi'tei∫n] (n)

- Put 6 or so extra in the bottom : Đặt thêm khoảng 6 cái ở bên dưới

e.g.: You will have another at your fingertips to replace it

= Bạn sẽ có sẳn 1 cái khác để thay thế

- Cabinet shelves ['kæbinit] (n) : Các kệ tủ

- Glow-in-the-dark light switch : Công tắc đèn phản quang

- Sticking traction strips : Những tấm chà chân (miếng, mãnh…) có độ

dính hoặc nhám thường dùng lót mặt nền nhà trơn

- Retailer [ri:'teilə] (n) : Người, cửa hàng bán lẻ

- Intend [in'tend] (v) : plan, mean / Dự định

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 Intention [in'ten∫n] (n)

- Aspect ['æspekt] (n) : one part of a situation, problem, subject, etc

- Inquiry [in'kwaiəri] (n) : question, investigation / Cuộc điều tra

- Resolve [ri'zɔlv] (v) : solve, end a problem / giải quyết 1 vấn đề

- Multiply (by) ['mʌltiplai] (v) : (toán) Nhân

- Work out ['wə:k'aut] (phr v.) : 1 calculate; to do a calculation to get an

answer to a mathematical question: tính toán

- Load [loud] (n) : the weight supported by a structure or part =

tải trọng  Wait till you have enough clothes for a full load

= Hãy đợi cho đến khi gom đủ trọng lượng áo quần rồi giặt

- Average ['ævəridʒ] (adj) : Trung bình

- Microwave oven ['maikrəweiv 'ʌvn] (n) : Lò vi sóng, lò vi ba

- A medical supplied company : Công ty cung cấp thiết bị y tế

- Laundry ['lɔ:ndri] (n) : Hiệu giặt, quần áo giặt ủi

- Separate ['seprət] (adj) : being or standing apart = riêng biệt

- Decorate ['dekəreit] (v) : Trang trí

 Decoration [,dekə'rei∫n] (n)

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UNIT 4: PARTICIPLES AND PARTICIPLE CLAUSES

CHAPTER 1

- Realistic [riə'listik] (adj) : having or showing a sensible and practical

idea of what can be done, achieved = pragmatic, sensible, down-to-earth, thực tế

- Quota ['kwoutə] (n) : a limited number or amount of people or

things that is officially allowed = chỉ tiêu, hạn ngạch

- Vary ['veəri] (v) : to change or cause something to change in

amount or level, especially from one occasion to another / thay đổi, biến đổi

- Variant ['veəriənt] (n) : something which is slightly different from

other similar things = biến thể

- Variation [,veəri'ei∫n] (n) : change = sự thay đổi, sự khác nhau

 Variety [və'raiəti] (n) : the characteristic of frequently changing and

being different = sự đa dạng

- Register ['redʒistə] (v) : to record a name = ghi danh

e.g.: Gross weight/ profit

number of people, group of people = hàng loạt, đám đông

 Mass unemployment ['ʌnim'plɔimənt] sự thất nghiệp hàng loạt

- Prosperity [prɔ'sperəti] (n) : wealth; the state of being successful =

sự thịnh vượng

- Depression [di'preʃn] (n) : a period in which there is very little business

activity and not many jobs, tình trạng suy thoái

- Wholesale ['houlseil] (adj) : (only before noun) of or for the selling of

shops and businesses = bán sỉ

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CHAPTER 2

- Costume ['kɒstju:m] (n) : clothes worn for a particular job or activity =

động đặc biệt (đi bơi, diễn tuồng…)

- Audience ['ɔ:diəns] (n) : the group of people gathered in one place to  a small audience watch or listen to a play, film, a particular

television or radio programme, or reading a particular book: khán thính giả

- Popcorn ['pɔpkɔ:n] (n) : seeds of maize that have been heated so

that they burst open and form light whitish balls = bắp nổ, bắp rang bơ

Is there anything good on TV tonight?

- Aisle [ail] (n) : a passage between rows of seats in a

church, theatre, railway carriage = lối đi giữa hai dãy ghế

- Make a mess [meik ə mes] (phr v.) : a difficult or confused state or situation; a

state of disorder = làm rối tung

- Set – set – set [set] (v) : If a story, film, etc is set in a particular time

or place, the action in it happens in that time

or place = dựng, lấy bối cảnh

message you want it to give, especially in a way that is dishonest: = sự xuyên tạc

- Accident –prone ['æksidənt proun] (adj) : describing someone who often has accidents,

usually because they are very awkward or clumsy = dễ gặp rủi ro, tai nạn (vì vụng về)

- Foolish [ˈfuːlɪʃ] (adj) : unwise, stupid, silly, idiotic / ngốc nghếch

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- Inability [inəˈblti] (n) : lack of ability to do sth / incapability

- Mysterious [mˈstəriəs] (a) : mystifying, unexplained / bí ẩn

- Light-hearted (adj) : happy, not serious / vui vẻ

- Diversion [daiˈvə:∫n] (n) : 1 an entertaining activity, esp one that turns

the attention from work, study = trò tiêu khiển, trò giải trí

hướng, chuyển mục đích

- Scary ['skeəri] (adj) : frightening, causing fear = gây sợ hãi

 I bet you won't believe the surprise ending!

Tôi chắc rằng anh sẽ không tưởng tượng nổi phần kết đầy ngạc nhiên đâu!

- Format ['fɔ:mæt] (v) : to prepare a computer disk for use with a

particular type of computer = định dạng

stored on a computer; a pattern, plan or arrangement = (sự) sắp xếp, định dạng

- Unattended [ˌʌnəˈtendɪd] (adj) : not being watched or taken care of: không

trông chừng, không để mắt đến

- Come out of retirement

[ri'taiəmənt] : to decide to retire = quyết định về hưu

- Enemy ['enimi] (n) : a person who strongly dislikes or wants to

injure or attack sb / sth = kẻ thù, kẻ địch

- Opponent [ə'pounənt] (n) : a person who is against another person in a

game, a fight = đối thủ / enemy, rival

- Script [skript] (n) : the words of a film, play, broadcast or

speech / writing, handwriting, screenplay

= kịch bản

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- Nudity ['nju:diti] (n) : the state of being naked = sự khỏa thân

- Portrayal [pɔ:'treiəl] (n) : a description, depiction = sự mô tả

- Nomination [,nɔmi'nei∫n] (n) : the action of nominating someone or the

state of being nominated = sự đề cử

- Monitor ['mɔnitə] (v) : to watch and check sth over a period of time

= theo dõi

- Distraction [dis'træk∫n] (n) : thing that helps sb to forget their worries and

problems / hobby, pastime = sự giải trí

- Compile [kəm'pail] (v) : to collect information and arrange it in a

book, list, report = biên soạn

or literature = thể loại

- Leading actor ['li:diη 'æktə] (n) : an actor taking the chief part in play = nam

diễn viên chính

- Release [ri'li:s] (v) : 1.make free, give freedom / thả, cho xuất viện

- Thriller ['θrilə] (n) : a novel, play or film with an exciting plot =

phim có nội dung ly kỳ, phim trinh thám

- Handicapped [ˈhændikæpt] (a) : not able to use part of your body or your

mind / bị tật nguyền

- C/O = care of [keə əv] : used in addresses when the person you are

writing to is staying at someone else's home: nhờ chuyển

- Feline ['fi:lain] (n) : belonging or relating to the cat family = động

vật thuộc họ mèo

- Sell out [sel aut] (phr.v.) : to be all sold = bán hết sạch

We couldn't get seats - the concert was sold out

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UNIT 5: NEGATION AND PARALLEL STRUCTURE

CHAPTER 1

- Security  sɪˈkjʊərəti  (n) : protection of a person, building, organization or

country against threats such as crime or attacks

by foreign countries / an ninh, bảo an

- Due [dju:] (adj) : expected to happen, arrive, etc at a particular

time: đến hạn, đến kỳ  What time is the next bus due? Đến mấy giờ thì đến/có chuyến xe buýt kế tiếp?

 The next meeting is due to be held in three months' time

Kỳ họp tới sẽ được tổ chức trong kỳ hạn 3 tháng

punishment for not obeying a rule or law: tiền phạt vi cảnh (khi phạm luật)

- Tuition (fee) [tju:'i∫n] (n) : the money paid for being taught / học phí

- Fare [feə] (n) : the price you pay to travel somewhere by bus,

- Expertise [,ekspə'ti:z] (n) : a high level of knowledge or skill / sự tinh thông

 Our basic policy is that the customer is always right

Chính sách chủ yếu của chúng ta là khách hàng luôn luôn đúng (k/h là thượng đế)

- Certificate [sə'tifikət] (n) : an official document which states that the

information on it is true, or the qualification that you receive when you are successful in an exam chứng chỉ, văn bằng

a birth/marriage/death certificate giấy khai sinh / hôn thú / khai tử

She has a Certificate in Drama Education Cô ta mới nhận chứng chỉ về Giáo dục kịch nghệ

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replace a product that develops a fault within a fixed period of time, or to do a piece of work

again if it is not satisfactory / (giấy) bảo hành

 When does the warranty for your printer expire?

 The video recorder comes with/has a two-year guarantee

 The fridge is guaranteed for three years

usually after you have paid money and/or taken

a test: giấy phép (sử dụng, hành nghề)

thuận, phê duyệt

something that has been lost or damaged or for some inconvenience: tiền bồi thường

- Breach [bri:t∫] (n) : violation = vi phạm [điều khoản, hợp đồng]

- Bleach [bli:t∫] (n) : a strong chemical used for cleaning things or

removing colour from things / thuốc tẩy

CHAPTER 2

- Backpack ['bækpæk] (n) : a large bag carried on the back = balô

- (sports) stadium [ˈsteɪdiəm] (n) : sân vận động, arena, pitch

- Firefighter [ˈfaɪəfaɪtə(r)] (n) : a person whose job is to stop fires from burning;

- File [fail] (v) : organize; put , classify documents, information,

etc into files / sắp xếp hồ sơ

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- Hire [ˈhaɪə(r)] (v) : - rent; to pay to use something for a short

period: thuê mướn (cái gì)

- employ someone or pay them to do a particular job: thuê ai làm việc gì

- Congratulate sb ON sth [kənˈɡrætʃuleɪt] : praise sb; chúc mừng ai (đã) đạt được điều gì

I was just congratulating Ceri on winning/on having won her race

- Congratulations! ( Khi chúc mừng ai, ta chỉ cần nói ngắn gọn như vậy là đủ)

- Average [ˈævərɪdʒ] (adj) : standard, normal, middling, trung bình, bình

thường

- Swing shift job [swiη ∫ift dʒɔb] : job from around 5:00 pm till 1:00 am công

việc ca đêm (từ 5 giờ chiều đến 1 giờ sáng)

- Graveyard shift job : These shifts last all night, from 11:00 p.m

- Flexitime ['fleksi ,taim] (n) : a system of working in which people work a set

number of hours within a fixed period of time, but can vary the time they start or finish work = giờ làm việc linh động

- Tax return [tæks ri'tə:n] (n) : a form that a self-employed person must fill in

to give information about how much they have earned in a year = bảng kê khai lợi tức để đánh thuế

- Venus ['vi:nəs] (n) : the planet second in order from the sun, next to

the Earth = sao Kim

- Mercury ['mə:kjuri] (n) : the planet nearest to the sun = sao thủy

- Art gallery [ɑ:t 'gæləri] (n) : a room or building for showing works of art =

phòng triển lãm tranh

- Turn up [tə:n ʌp] (v) : to arrive; to make one’s appearance = xuất hiện

- Benefit ['benefit] (n) : advantage, profit = lợi ích, phúc lợi

bị phiền nhiễu

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- Issue ['isju:] (v) : to make sth known formally = công bố

- Anticipate [æn'tisipeit] (v) : to see what is going to happen = thấy trước,

biết trước

- Attend [əˈtend] (v) : Take part in; participate in; tham dự

- Commence [kə'mens] (v) : to begin, to start = xuất phát, bắt đầu

- Cooperation [kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn] (n) : working together with someone; hợp tác

- Coupon ['ku:pɔn] (n) : a piece of paper which can be used to obtain

something without paying for it or at a reduced price = tem phiếu, vé

- Do away with [du: ə'wei wið] (phr v.) : to stop doing/using sth; get rid of sth = loại bỏ,

hủy bỏ

- Stick to [stick tu:] (phr v.) : continue trying hard to do sth difficult

- Discriminate against

[dis'krimineit ə'geinst] (phr v.) : to treat one person or group worse than others

= phân biệt đối xử

- Supervisor [ˈsuːpəvaɪzə(r)] (n) : a person whose job is to supervise someone or

- Punctuality [ˌpʌŋktʃuˈæləti] (n) : promptness, timekeeping, being on time / being

punctual: sự đúng giờ

- Punctuation [,pʌηkt∫u'ei∫n] (n) : the marks used in writing that divide sentences

and phrases; the system of using these marks

= (hệ thống) dấu chấm câu

- Trait [treit] (n) : feature, characteristic: nét, đặc điểm

- Keep up with [ki:p ʌp wið] (phr v.) : to move or progress at the same rate as sb/ sth

stay level = theo kịp, bắt kịp

- (Get) involved in sth (phr v.) : taking part in or being part of sth = dính líu vào

cái gì

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- Gossip [ˈɡɒsɪp] (n) : rumour, hearsay, chitchat, scandal, talk

- Stick someone ’s nose (into sth)

[stick 'sʌmwʌns nouz] (n) : to try to discover things which are not really

related to you: dí mũi vào (chuyện gì)

- Perk [pə:k] (n) : money or goods received as a right from one’s

employer = bổng lộc

- Memo holder [’memə 'houldə] (n) : đồ kẹp thư từ, ghi chú

- Category ['kætigəri] (n) : a class or group of people or things regarded

as having certain features, etc in common = loại, hạng

- Ashtray [ˈæʃtreɪ] (n) : a small dish or container in which people can

leave cigarette ash and cigarette ends:

gạc tàn thuốc

- Sorrow ['sɔrou] (n) : a feeling of sadness or distress caused = sự

buồn rầu, sự buồn phiền

thừa nhận, cho rằng

- Exceed [ik'si:d] (v) : to be greater in number or size than sth, esp

than a quantity or number; to go beyond what is allowed or necessary = vượt quá mức

- Statement ['steitmənt] (n) : a thing that is stated = lời tuyên bố

UNIT 6: COMPARISONS

CHAPTER 1

- Superior to [suːˈpɪəriə(r)] (adj) : better, higher, tốt hơn, cao hơn (địa vị)

≠ inferior [ɪnˈfɪəriə(r)]

- Discontinue [ˌdɪskənˈtɪnjuː] (v) : stop, cease, dừng, không tiếp tục, không hoạt

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động nữa

 Discontinued [ˌdɪskənˈtɪnjuːd] (adj) :

- Hang gliding [ˈhæŋ ˌɡlaɪdɪŋ] (n) : môn thể thao diều lượn

CHAPTER 2

# Get on (phr v) : lên, trèo lên (xe, tàu, )

- To be stuck in : not able to move or continue doing sth = bi ̣

mắc, kẹt

- Telescope ['teliskoup] (n) : kính viễn vọng, kính thiên văn

- Balcony ['bælkəni] (n) : platform with a wall built onto the outside

- Luggage ['lʌgidʒ] (n) : bags, cases, etc that you carry your clothes

and things in when you are traveling = baggage

= hành lý

- Check in (phr v.) : register, sign in, or show tickets = đăng ký ở

khách sạn, đăng ký đi máy bay

 Check-in (n) : nơi làm thủ tục đăng ký ở khách sạn, sân bay

≠ Check out (phr v.) : leave, sign out, = làm thủ tục rời khỏi khách

sạn, thanh toán tiền (ở siêu thị)

shop, where you pay for your goods: nơi thanh toán tiền ở cửa hàng lớn hay siêu thị

- Sunny ['sʌni] (adj) : bright with sunlight = nắng, có nhiều ánh nắng

- Vacation [və'kei∫n] (n) : Short holiday

 On vacation (in, at) : có một kỳ nghỉ ở/tại (một nơi nào đó); đi nghỉ

- Seaside ['si:'said] (n) : coast, land or place by the sea= bờ biển

 Seaside resort ['si:'said ri:'zɔ:t] (n) : nơi nghỉ mát ở bờ biển

- Prefer [pri'fə:(r)] (v) : thích hơn

 to prefer sth to sth : thích cái gì hơn cái gì

- Museum [mju:'ziəm] (n) : nhà bảo tàng

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- Flight [flait] (n) : a journey in an aircraft; chuyến bay; đường bay

- Awful ['ɔ:ful] (adj) : đáng kinh sợ; uy nghi, oai nghiêm

- Wake up (phr v.) : thức giấc, tỉnh dậy

- Kind [kaind] (adj) : friendly or thoughtful to others = tử tế, ân cần,

có lòng tốt

- Sleepy ['sli:pi] (adj) : tired and wanting to sleep: buồn ngủ, ngái ngủ

 to fall asleep : snoozing, sleeping, ngủ thiếp đi

Surfboard [ˈsɜːfbɔːd] (n) ván để chơi lướt sóng

- Jetlag ['dʒetlæg] (n) : tiredness felt after a long flight by plane = sự

mệt mỏi sau một chuyến bay dài

- Plenty ['plenti] (n) : a large quantity= sự dồi dào, sự có nhiều

 to have plenty of money : có nhiều tiền

- Try [trai] out for sth (phr v.) : tiến hành kiểm tra; thử giọng

- Surf-boat ['sə:f'bout] (n) : thuyền lướt sóng (loại thuyền nhẹ)

- Bay [bei] (n) : (đi ̣a lý,đi ̣a chất) vi ̣nh

- Guess [ges] (v) : predict, speculate= phỏng đoán, ước chừng

- Host [həʊst] (n) : a person who introduces guests and performers,

especially on television or radio: người giới thiệu

và phỏng vấn khách mời; người chủ nhà

- Introduction [,intrə'dʌk∫n] (n) : 1 the act of bringing a product, service,

system, etc into use for the first time

to another

e.g.: Shall I do the introductions? : sự giới thiệu, lời giới thiệu

- Take a long look at sth : xem xét cái gì thật kỹ lưỡng

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- Interview ['intəvju:] (n) : a formal meeting at which sb is asked

questions to see if they are suitable for a particular job = sự gặp mặt; cuộc nói chuyện riêng

- A cruise ship [kru:z ∫ip] (n) : tàu du lich ,tuần tra

- Segment [ˈseɡmənt] (n) : part, division, section; phần, bộ phận

- Trust [trʌst] (v) : believe, tin, tin cậy, tin tưởng

- Fantastic [fæn'tæstik] (adj) : unbelievable, incredible,

- Episode [,episoud] (n) : chapter, part, đoạn, hồi, act (trong truyện )

- Adventure [əd'vent∫ə] (n) : sự phiêu lưu, sự mạo hiểm

 Adventurous [əd'vent∫ərəs] (adj) : full of danger and excitement = thích phiêu lưu,

thích mạo hiểm

- Novice [ˈnɒvɪs] (n) : beginner, trainee, người mới (vào nghề)

- Reporter [ri'pɔ:tə] (n) : phóng viên

- Advice [əd'vais] (n) : an opinion or a suggestion about what sb

should do in a particular situation = lời khuyên, lời chỉ bảo

- Avoid [ə'vɔid] (v) : to prevent sth bad from happening = tránh,

tránh xa, ngăn ngừa

- Sunburn ['sʌnbə:n] (n) : reddening and blistering of the skin caused by

being in the sun too much = sự rám nắng, sự sạm nắng, màu sạm nắng (của da)

- Painful ['peinfl] (adj) : đau đớn, đau khổ

- Lead [li:d] (v) : to be in control of sth; to be the leader of sth =

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lãnh đạo, hướng dẫn, dẫn dắt

- Expert ['ekspə:t] (n) : a person with special knowledge, skill or

training in sth = nhà chuyên môn; chuyên gia

 to expert at/ in/ on sth/ doing sth : thành thạo; tinh thông; lão luyện

- Recommend [,rekə'mend] (v) : suggest, introduce= đề nghị; giới thiệu

- Effectiveness [i'fektivnis] (n) : producing the result that is wanted or intended;

producing a successful result = sự có hiệu lực

- Protection [prə'tek∫n] (n) : the act of protecting sb/ sth; the state of being

protected = sự bảo vệ, sự bảo hộ

- Factor ['fæktə] (n) : one of several things that cause or influence

sth = nhân tố

- Blonde [blɔnd] (adj) : having golden or paled-coloured hair = vàng

hoe

- Series ['siəri:z] (n) : a range of similar products produced by one

company = loạt, dãy, chuỗi, đợt

- Figure out ['figə(r) aut] : 1 to calculate an amount or the cost of sth

- Restroom ['rest'rum] (n) : public toilet = nhà vệ sinh công cộng

- Boarding pass ['bɔ:diη pɑ:s] (n) : a card that a passenger must have to be

allowed to enter an aircraft or a ship = thẻ lên tàu, thẻ lên máy bay

- Lounge [laʊndʒ] (n) : 1 (UK) the room in a house or apartment that

is used for relaxing, and entertaining guests, but not usually for eating: phòng giải trí

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where people can relax or wait: phòng nghỉ, phòng chờ ở khách sạn, sân bay, rạp hát

- Lost and Found : phòng (khu vực) khai báo mất hoặc tìm đồ vật

thất lạc

- Arise, arose, arisen [əˈraɪz, əˈrəʊz, əˈrɪzn] (v) : happen, xãy ra

- Make/ Hold reservations [ˌrezəˈveɪʃn] : reserve, book in advance đặt chỗ trước, giữ

chỗ trước

- Unlimited mileage [ʌnˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈmaɪlɪdʒ] (n) : không giới hạn khoảng cách (xe chạy)

- Representative [ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv] (n) : someone who speaks or does something

officially for another person or group of people / người đại diện

- Escape from sth [is'keip] (v) : trốn thoát, ra khỏi

- Schedule ['∫edju:l] (v) : sắp xếp (việc gì cho )

 Schedule (n) : 1 a list of planned activities or things to be

done showing the times or dates when they are intended to happen or be done: danh sách việc cần làm

: 2 US (UK timetable) a list of the times when events are planned to happen, especially the times when buses, trains and planes leave and arrive / thời gian biểu; lịch tàu, xe, máy bay

- Obituary [ə'bit∫ʊəri:] (n) : a report, especially in a newspaper, which

gives the news of someone's death and details about their life = cáo phó

- Beloved [bi'lʌvd] (adj) : dearly loved, loved very much, yêu quý

- Suffer from/ with/ for sth (v) : to experience physical or mental pain:

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- Portrait ['pɔ:treit] (n) : chân dung

- Amateur [ˈæmətə(r)] (n/adj) : a person who takes part in an activity for

pleasure, not as a job: tài tử, không chuyên nghiệp, not professional

- Exhibit [ɪɡˈzɪbɪt] (v) : to show something publicly triển lãm

- Nurse's aide (US) (n) : Auxiliary nurse (UK)

Someone whose job is helping nurses to take care of people / hộ lý

- Sculptor ['skʌlptə] (n) : nhà điêu khắc; thợ chạm

 Sculpture ['skʌlpt∫ə] (n) : nghệ thuật điêu khắc, nghệ thuật chạm trổ

- Discount ['diskaunt] (n) : an amount of money that is taken off the usual

cost of sth = bán hạ giá; bán giảm giá

- Sauna ['sɔ:nə] (n) : a room that is specially heated to high

temperatures, esp by steam from burning wood = nhà tắm hơi, phòng tắm hơi

- Aromatherapy [əˌrəʊməˈθerəpi] (n) : the treatment of anxiety or minor medical

conditions by rubbing pleasant-smelling natural oils into the skin or breathing in their smell: cách chữa bằng xoa bóp dầu thơm, hương liệu pháp

- Reindeer ['reindiə] (n) : con tuần lộc

- Wrestling ['resliη] (n) : (thể dục, thể thao) môn đấu vật, (nghi ̃a bóng)

sự vật lộn với

- Sleigh [slei] (n) : sledge, sled = xe trượt tuyết (do ngựa, chó,

hươu kéo)

- Snow-capped ['snou'kæpt] (adj) : có đỉnh bi ̣ phủ tuyết (ngọn núi…)

- Admission [əd'mi∫n] (n) : admittance, permission, ticket, the amount of

money that you pay to go into a building or an

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event = tiền vào cửa

- Allergic [ə'lə:dʒik] (adj) : di ̣ ứng; do di ̣ ứng gây ra

- Reaction [ri:'æk∫n] (n) : sự phản tác dụng, sự phản ứng lại

UNIT 7: AGREEMENT CHAPTER 1

- Pronounce [prəˈnaʊns] (v) : to say a word or a letter in a particular way:

 Pronunciation [prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn] (n) phát âm

- Announce [əˈnaʊns] (v) : proclaim, make known, publicize, thông báo

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Announcement (n) notice, bulletin, official statement

- Speeding [ˈspiːdɪŋ] (n) : driving faster than is allowed in a particular

area: (chạy xe) vượt quá tốc độ

- Estimate [ˈestɪmeɪt] (v) : to guess the cost, size, value, etc of something

ước tính

- Evaluate [ɪˈvæljueɪt] (v) : to judge or calculate the quality, importance,

amount or value of something / đánh giá

- Preserve [prɪˈzɜːv] (v) : keep, conserve, bảo tồn

CHAPTER 2

- Plant [plɑ:nt] (v) : the movements of growing plants= trồng, gieo

- Clay [klei] (n) : a soft earth, which is plastic, or may be molded

with the hands, consisting of hydrous silicate of aluminium = đất sét

- Statue ['stætju:] (n) : the likeness of a living being sculptured or

modeled in some solid substance, as marble, bronze, or wax; an image; as a statue of Hercules, or of a lion = tượng (người, vật bằng gỗ, đá )

- Drawing ['drɔ:iη] (n) : the act or the art of representing any object by

means of lines and shades; especially, such a representation when in one color, or in tints used not to represent the colors of natural objects =bức vẽ, bản vẽ, hoạ tiết

- Exhibit [ig'zibit] (n) : vật trưng bày; vật triển lãm

 a priceless exhibit : vật trưng bày vô giá

- Circus ['sə:kəs] (n) : a circular inclosure for the exhibition of feats of

horsemanship, acrobatic displays, etc Also, the company of performers, with their equipage = rạp xiếc, gánh xiếc, chỗ nhiều đường gặp nhau

- Mummy ['mʌmi] (n) : a dead body embalmed and dried after the

manner of the ancient Egyptians = xác người hoặc xác động vật đã được ướp để chôn

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- Egyptian [i'dʒip∫n] (adj) : (thuộc) Ai-cập

- Competition [ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn] (n) : contest, cuộc thi, cuộc tranh tài

- Decorate [ˈdekəreɪt] (v) : make attractive, beautify, trang trí

- Impersonal [ɪmˈpɜːsənl] (adj) : unfriendly, cold, uncongenial, distant,

lạnh lùng không thân thiện, xa cách

- Landscape ['lændskeip] (n) : scenery, phong cảnh

- Abstract [ˈæbstrækt] (adj) : theoretical, conceptual, trừu tượng, (thuộc về)

ý tưởng ≠ concrete, real

- Sketch [sket∫] (n) : a simple, quickly-made drawing which does not

have many details: bức vẽ phác, bức phác hoạ

Sketchbook / sketchpad (n) : tập giấy để vẽ

- Suppose [sə'pouz] (v) : to believe; think = cho là; tin rằng; nghi ̃ rằng

- Campus ['kæmpəs] (n) : the principal grounds of a college or school,

between the buildings or within the main enclosure = (US) khu sân bãi (của các trường trung học, đại học)

- Sharpen ['∫ɑ:pən] (v) : make sharp(er) = mài, vót cho nhọn, làm cho

sắc, làm cho nhọn, làm cho nhạy

 to sharpen a pencil : vót bút chì, chuốt viết chì

- Point [pɔint] (n) : đầu nhọn hoặc tù của cái gì; đầu; mũi

- Oppose [ə'pouz] (v) : to resist or antagonize by physical means, or by

arguments = chống đối, phản đối

- Owe [ou] (v) : to possess; to have, as the rightful owner; to

own = nợ

- Volcanic [vɔl'kænik] (adj) : (thuộc) núi lửa; như núi lửa

- Giant [ˈdʒaɪənt] (adj) : extremely large, gigantic, huge, khổng lồ

- Carve [ka:v] (v) : cut into wood or stone; chạm khắc

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- Evil ['i:vl] (adj) : immoral, cruel xấu về mặt đạo đức; xấu xa

 Keep away evil spirits xua đuổi ma quỷ

- Ancestor ['ænsistə] (n) : a person in your family who lived a long time

ago; a progenitor; a forefather = ông bà, tổ tiên

- Assume [ə'sju:m] (v) : cho rằng; thừa nhận

- Buddhist ['budist] (n) : tín đồ đạo Phật

- Mandala ['mændələs] (n) : circular design; hình tròn tượng trưng cho vũ

trụ trong một số tôn giáo ở phương đông

- Circular ['sə:kjulə] (adj) : in the form of, or bounded by, a circle; round =

(hình) tròn, vòng, vòng quanh

- Grain [grein] (n) : the seeds of wheat, rice, etc = hạt lương thực:

lúa mì, gạo, etc

- Lump [lʌmp] (n) : a small mass of matter of irregular shape; an

irregular or shapeless mass; as, a lump of coal;

a lump of iron ore = cục, tảng, miếng

- Tube [tju:b] (n) : ống (tự nhiên hoặc nhân tạo)

- Reveal [ri'vi:l] (adj) : to make knownor show something that was

previously secret; to disclose; = bộc lộ, tiết lộ

ra (điều bí mật)

- Temporary [ˈtemprəri] (adj) : not lasting or needed for very long / tạm thời

- Graffito [grə'fi:tou] (n) : grafitô (hình vẽ, chữ viết trên tường )

 Graffiti [grə'fi:ti] (n., pl.)

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- Spray [sprei] (n) : cành nhỏ (của cây mộc có cả lá và hoa)

 to spray (v) : bơm, phun, xi ̣t, xì (thuốc trừ sâu )

- Allied [ˈælaɪd] (adj) : [before noun] related, connected, associated

The Allies (n) (trong Thế chiến thứ hai) phe Đồng minh (Mỹ, Anh, Liên Xô, Pháp)

- Artillery [ɑ:'tiləri] (n) : (quân sự) khẩu đại pháo

- Enemy ['enəmi] (n) : one hostile to another = kẻ thù, kẻ đi ̣ch, đi ̣ch

thủ; quân đi ̣ch

- Urban ['ə:bən] (adj) : Of or in a city or town = (thuộc) thành phố; ở

thành phố ≠ rural

- Weaken ['wi:kən] (v) : to make weak; to lessen the strength = làm cho

yếu đi, làm cho yếu hơn

- Mild ['maild] (adj) : gentle; pleasant = di ̣u, hiền (tính tình)

- Tip [tip] (n) : the end; the point of anything; a pointed or  the tip of the finger / finger tips : somewhat sharply rounded end = đầu, đỉnh,

chóp

- Solution [sə'lu:∫n] (n) : sự hoà tan

- Rococo [rə'koukou] (adj) : (thuộc) phong cách rôcôcô (phong cách trang

trí về đồ đạc rất cầu kỳ, phổ biến ở châu Âu trong thế kỷ 18), loè loẹt, nặng về hình thức, (từ cổ,nghi ̃a cổ) lỗi thời

 A rococo style of art : một phong cách nghệ thuật lỗi thời

- Cubist ['kju:bist] (n) : hoạ si ̃ lập thể

Cubism ['kju:bisəm] (n) : trường phái lập thể

- Fainted [feintid] (adj) : uể oải, lả (vì đói), xỉu

 In a dead faint : bất tỉnh nhân sự, chết ngất

- Pastel [ˈpæstl] [pæs'tel] (n) : (thực vật học) cây tùng lam, màu tùng lam,

màu nhạt nhẹ, (nghệ thuật) phấn màu, bức tranh vẽ bằng phấn màu

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- Acrylic [ə'krilik] (adj) : (hoá) acrylic, axit acrilic

- Clip [klip] (n) : cái ghim, cái cặp, cái kẹp

 to clip (v) : cắt, cắt rời ra, xén, hớt (lông cừu, ngựa)

: rút ngắn bài nói, bấm, xé đầu (vé, phiếu để

loại đi), bỏ bớt chữ, đọc không rõ

- Aromatic [,ærou'mætik] (adj) : thơm

 Aromatic compound : (hoá học) hợp chất thơm

- Indoors [in'dɔ:z] (adv.) : ở trong nhà

# Outdoors [,aut'dɔ:z] (adv.) : ở ngoài trời, ở ngoài nhà

e.g.: It's cold outdoors : Bên ngoài trời lạnh

e.g.: In hot countries, one can sleep outdoors

= Ở các xứ nóng, người ta có thể ngủ ngoài trời

 The great outdoors : = in the countryside, far away from towns /

miền quê, xa thành phố

- Woodworking ['wudwə:kiη] (n) : nghề mộc; nghề làm các đồ gỗ, kỹ xảo làm các

đồ gỗ

 to be blind in (of) one ’s eye : chột mắt, (nghi ̃a bóng) không nhìn thấy, không

thấy được

e.g.: She was blind to her son's faults : mù quáng, không nhìn ra

= Bà ta không nhìn thấy khuyết điểm của con trai mình

- Geometry [dʒi'ɔmitri] (n) : (Toán) hình học

- Spatial ['spei∫l] (adj) : (thuộc) không gian; nói về không gian, có trong

không gian, khoảng trống

 = Spacial ['spei∫əl] (adj)

e.g.: The spatial qualities of the new concert hall

= Những phẩm chất về không gian của phòng hoà nhạc

- Abstract ['æbstrækt] (adj) : trừu tượng, lý thuyết, không thực tế

- Visual ['vi∫uəl] (adj) : (thuộc) thi ̣ giác; (thuộc) sự nhìn, dùng cho mắt

nhìn

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- Impair [im'peə] (v) : to spoil or weaken sth so that it is less effective

= làm suy yếu, làm sút kém

 impaired vision thị lực yếu

UNIT 8: RELATIVE CLAUSES

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No more = not any more (adv) : không (còn)… nữa

- Stock [stɒk] (n) : the total amount of goods or the amount of a

hàng hoá có sẵn

 Be in / out of stock : Đang có / hết hàng

- Brand [brænd] (n) : make, type of product, brand name; nhãn hiệu

(của hàng hoá) What make/brand is your camera? – It’s a Canon

- Deserve [di'zə:v] (v) : to earn sth, either good or bad, because of sth

that you have done; be worthy of = đáng, xứng đáng

- Regret rɪˈgret] (v) : be/feel sorry; be apologetic; hối tiếc

- Digress [dai'gres] (v) : to move away from the main subject you are

writing or talking about and to write or talk about something else = lạc chủ đề

 Digress from sth

 Digression [dai'gre∫n] (n)

- Resign [,ri:'zain] (v) : to officially announce that you have decided to

leave your job or an organization = từ chức

- Distract [dis'trækt] (v) : to take so's attention away from sth by making

them look at or listen to sth else = làm sao lãng, làm đãng trí

CHAPTER 2

- Record [rɪˈkɔːd] (v) : to keep information for the future, by writing

it down or storing it on a computer / ghi chép

ra giấy hoặc đĩa [ˈrekɔːd] (n) : đĩa nhạc (lớn hơn nhưng chứa được ít bài

nhạc hơn CD=compact disc, đĩa nén)

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