Làm chức năng như adjective ⇒ passive meaning ⇒ có thể rút gọn mệnh đề tính từ.. adjective clauses or relative clauses + Có thể rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian.. + Có thể rút
Trang 1A TO-V
S + V + to V
1 afford : cung cấp đủ
2 agree : đồng ý
3 appear : có vẻ
4 arrange : sắp xếp
5 ask : hỏi
6 attempt : cố gắng
7 beg : đề nghị, xin
8 care : quan tâm
9 claim : cho là, tuyên bố
10 consent : đồng ý, tán thành
11 decide : quyết định
12 demand : yêu cầu
13 deserve : xứng đáng
14 expect : trông đợi
15 dare : dám
16 fail : thất bại
17 forget : quên ( tương lai )
18 hesitate : ngập ngừng
19 hope : hy vọng
20 learn : học
21 manage : xoay xở
22 mean : muốn
23 need : cần ( chủ động, người )
24 offer : mời
25 plan : dự định, kế hoạch
26 prepare : chuẩn bị
27 pretend : giả vờ
28 promise : hứa
29 refuse : từ chối
30 regret : tiếc ( tương lai )
31 remember : nhớ (tương lai )
32 seem : dường như
33 struggle : đấu tranh, cố gắng
34 swear : thề
35 threaten : dọa
36 tend : có khuynh hướng
37 volunteer : tình nguyện, xung phong
38 wait : đợi
39 want : muốn ( chủ động )
40 wish : ao ước
S + V + O + to V
1 advise : khuyên
2 allow: cho phép
3 ask : hỏi, đòi hỏi
4 beg : năn nỉ, xin
5 cause : gây ra
6 challenge : thách thức, thách đố
7 convince : thuyết phục
8 dare : dám
9 encourage :khuyến khích
10 expect : trông đợi
11 forbid : cấm
12 force : bắt buộc
13 hire : thuê, mướn
14 instruct : chỉ dẫn
15 invite : mời
16 need : cần
23 require : yêu cầu
24 recommend : khuyên
25 teach : dạy
26 tell : bảo
27 urge thúc giục, thuyết phục
28 want : muốn
29 warn : cảnh báo
30 help : giúp đỡ
31 would like : thích
32 would prefer : thích
33 appoint : chỉ định ai làm gì
34 charge : giao nhiệm vụ
35 choose : lựa chọn
36 compel : cưỡng bách
37 defy : thách
38 desire : ao ước, thèm thuồng
Trang 217 tempt : cám dỗ
18 intend : dự định
19 order : ra lệnh
20 permit : cho phép
21 persuade : thuyết phục
22 remind : nhắc lại
39 direct : hướng dẫn, chỉ huy
40 implore : yêu cầu
41 provoke : xúi giục
42 Teach, explain, know, understand,
discover, consider, think, believe + how +
to V:Chỉ cách thức
B V-ING (GERUND)
A Danh động từ: Là động từ đuôi ING có chức năng làm danh từ.
1 Làm chủ ngữ → V-ing)
2 Làm tân ngữ
O của động từ : S + V + V- ing ( gerund )
O của giới từ → Giới từ+ V-ing
3 Làm bổ ngữ của chủ ngữ
Ex: My hobby is swimming ( gerund )
4 Làm đồng vị ngữ
Ex: My hobby, swimming makes me healthy
5 Đứng sau thành ngữ:
it is no use hoặc it is no good :
there is no use, there is no good: vô ích
can’t stand
can’t bear
ca’t help
6 Sau hai tính từ : busy, worth
7 Thành lập noun compound ( danh từ kép )
N + V-ing → child bearing
V-ing + N → flying machine
B V-ING như 1 động từ ( có tân ngữ kèm theo hoặc được bổ nghĩa bởi 1 trạng từ)
1 admit : thừa nhận
2 advise : khuyên ( không object
)
3 anticipate : tham gia
4 appreciate : đánh giá cao
5 avoid : tránh
6 complete : hòan thành
7 consider : xem xét
8 delay : trì hõan
9 dread : sợ
10 detest : ghét
11 discuss : thảo luận
12 dislike : không thích
26 hate : ghét
27 mention : nhắc tới, nĩi tới
28 mind : phiền
29 miss : nhớ, lỡ, mất
30 postpone : đình, hõan
31 prevent : ngăn cản
32 practise : luyện tập
33 recall : gợi lại, nhớ lại
34 recollect : gợi lại
35 recommend : khuyên, dặn dò
36 regret : tiếc nuối ( quá khứ )
37 remember : nhớ ( qúa khứ )
38 resent : tức giận, phật ý
Trang 313 deny : từ chối
14 enjoy : thưởng thức
15 excuse : xin lỗi
16 finish : hoàn thành
17 forget : quên ( qúa khứ )
18 forgive : tha thứ
19 fancy : tưởng tượng
20 imagine : tưởng tượng
21 involve : làm liên lụy
22 include : bao gồm
23 keep : tiếp tục
24 love : ( hoặc To inf)
25 like : thích
39 resist : cưỡng lại, phản kháng
40 risk : liều lĩnh
41 stop : ngừng, từ bỏ
42 start : ( hoặc To inf )
43 suggest : đề nghị
44 tolerate : bỏ qua
45 understand : hiểu
46 restrict : hạn chế, giảm bớt, ngăn ngừa
* can’t bear, can’t stand, can’t help
* it is no use, it is no good, there is no use
* look forward to
* busy, worth
PAST PARTICIPLE – QUÁ KHỨ PHÂN TỪ (P2)
1 Thêm trợ từ have+P2 -> thì hoàn thành
2.Thêm trợ từ Be +P2 -> bị động
3 Làm chức năng như adjective ⇒ passive meaning
⇒ có thể rút gọn mệnh đề tính từ.
(adjective clauses or relative clauses )
+ Có thể rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian
+ Có thể rút gọn câu khi một chủ ngữ thực hiện hai hành động
4 Thành lập adjective compound: tính từ kép
6 Thêm “the” để thành lập danh từ tập hợp → V(plural )
educated(adj) → the educated:những người có giáo dục
7 Thành lập thể truyền khuyến
S +have/get +O (chỉ vật)+ P2
PRESENT PARTICIPLE - HIỆN TẠI PHÂN TỪ (V-ING)
1 Thêm trợ từ Be + V-ing để thành lập thì continuous tense
2 Làm tính từ → mang nghĩa chủ động ( active meaning )
→ có thể rút gọn mệnh đề tính từ ( adjective clause or relative clause )
→ có thể rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian, nhượng bộ, lý do và điều kiện
→ một chủ ngữ thực hiện 2 hành động có thể dùng present participle để rút gọn.
3 Thêm mạo từ “the” để thành lập danh từ tập hợp :
Ex: to live → the living : những người đang sống
Trang 44 Thành lập tính từ kép ( adjective compound )
Adj Vo + ing → good – loking
TO-V và V-ING
1 Recommend, begin, start, continue: + To V /V – ing ( cả 2 đều ok, cái nào cũng đc)
2 Forget, remember, regret: +to V → chưa làm
+V – ing → đã làm
3 Stop to V → ngừng việc đang làm để làm việc khác
V – ing : → ngừng việc đang làm
V – ing : thử
5 Need, want, require
V+ ing : mang nghĩa bị động ( = need/want/require + to be + P2)
6 Would you mind/ Do you mind + V- ing?
Would you mind if + S + Quá khứ bàng thái …?
7 Advise, allow, permit O + to V
+ V- ing
8 Prefer: + V-ing to V-ing:thích cái gì hơn cái gì
+ to V: thích cái gì đó
9 Feel like + Ving: thích cái gì đó
Trang 5I Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form (gerund , infinitive, participle).
1. I caught him (climb) _ over my wall I asked him (explain) _ but he refused (say) _ anything, so in the end I had (let) _ him (go) _
2. When at last I succeeded in (convince) _ him that I wanted (get) _ home quickly he put his foot on the accelerator and I felt the car (leap) _ forward
3. I'm not used to (drive) _on the left
When you see everyone else (do) it you'll find it quite easy (do) _yourself
4. It is pleasant (sit) _by the fire at night and (hear) _the wind (howl)
_outside
5. There was no way of (get) _out of the building except by (climb) _down a rope and Ann was too terrified (do) _this
6. We heard the engines (roar) _as the plane began (move) _ and we saw the people on the ground (wave) _good-bye
7. It's no good (write) _ to him; he never answers letters The only thing (do) _ is (go) _ and (see) _him
8. Why did you go all round the field instead of (walk) _ across it?
I didn't like (cross) _it because of the bull I never see a bull without (think) _that it wants (chase) _ me
9. The people in the flat below seem (be) _ having a party You can hear the champagne corks (thud) _ against their ceiling
10. I don't like (get) _bills but when I do get them I like (pay) _them
promptly
11. Ask him (come) _in Don't keep him (stand) _at the door
12. The boys next door used (like) _(make) _ and (fly) _ model aero planes, but they seem to have stopped (do) _ that now
13. I knew I wasn't the first (arrive) _, for I saw smoke (rise) _from the
chimney
14. We watched the men (saw) _the tree and as we were walking away heard it (fall) _with a tremendous crash
15. I hate (see) _a child (cry) _
16. We watched the children (jump) _from a window and (fall) _into a
blanket held by the people below
17. It is very unpleasant (wake) _ up and (hear) _ the rain (beat) _on the windows
18. He saw the lorry (begin) _ (roll) _ forwards but he was too far away (do) _ anything (stop) _it
19. There are people who can't help (laugh) _when they see someone (slip)
_on a banana skin
20. I prefer (drive) _ to (be driven) _
II Multiple choices
1 All the passengers were made their seat belts during the turbulence
a buckle b to buckle c buckling d for buckling
2 good ice cream, you need to use a lot of cream.
a Make b Making c To make d For make
3 I got my friend her car for the weekend
a to let me to borrow b to let me borrow c let me borrow d let me to borrow
4 How can you let such a silly incident your friendship?
a wreck b to wreck c wrecking d that wrecks
5 ‘How about going to the theater?' 'OK,' but I would rather a concert.'
a attend b to attend c attending d have attended
Trang 66 The skiers would rather through the mountains than go by bus.
a to travel on train b traveled by train c travel by train d traveling by the train
7 If we leave now for our trip, we can drive half the distance before we stop _ lunch
a having b to have c having had d for having
8 The examiner made us _ our identification in order to be admitted to the test center
a show b showing c to show d showed
9 As we entered the room, we saw a rat towards a hole in the skirting board
a scamper b to scamper c scampering d was scampering
10 I remember to Paris when I was a very small child
a to be taken b to take c being taken d taking
11 My parents wouldn't _ to the party
a allow me go b allow me to go c allow me going d allow to go
12 We are going to have my house _ tomorrow morning
a paint b painting c painted d to be painted
13 We hope that the students themselves will enjoy part in the projects
a to take b taking c to be taken d being taken
14 Sally's low test scores kept her from _ to the university
a admitting b to admit c to be admitted d being admitted
15 Are you sure you told me about the party? I don't recall _ about it.
a having told b to have told c having been told d to have been told
16 I meant to get up early but I forgot _ up my alarm clock
a wind b to wind c wind d wound
17 Look at the state of the gate It needs as soon as possible
a to repair b repairing c being repaired d be repaired
18 Alice didn't expect to Bill's party
a asking b being asked c to ask d to be asked
19 We asked the piano so early in the morning, but she won't
a Marie to stop playing b Marie stop to play
c that Marie stops playing d Marie to stop to play
20 A good teacher makes her students the world from new perspectives
a to view b view c to be viewed d viewing
III: Choose the best option A, B, C or D to complete the sentence.
1 I shouldn’t ……… so much coffee last night I was wide awake till four in the morning
A drink B drank C be drunk D have drunk
2 The profits are supposed ……… among the shareholders
A to divide B to be divided C dividing D being divided
3 When you are on duty, your uniform must ……… at all times
A wear B be wear C be worn D be wearing
4 You promised her a letter; you ought to ……… days ago
A write B be writing C have written D be written
5 After the test papers ……… to the students in class tomorrow, the students
……… their next assignment
A will return – will be given B will be returned – are given
C are returning – are giving D are returned – will be given
6 The class for next semester is too large It ought to ……… in half
A be divided B divide C have divided D have been divided
7 The entire valley can ……… from their mountain home
A see B be seen C being seen D sees
8 He is wearing a gold ring on his fourth finger He must………
A have been married B be married C marry D have married
9 A child should ……… everything he or she wants
Trang 7A gives B give C have been given D be given
10 Your daughter has a good voice Her interest in singing ……… encouraged
A should be B should C be D have
11 I found this book on my desk when I came to class It must …… by one of the students in earlier class
A be left B have been left C leave D have left
12 You had better ……….your chores before Mom gets home
A be finished B have finished C have been finished D finish
13 These books will have to ……… to the library tomorrow
A return B have returned C being returned D be returned
14 Ann’s birthday was on the 5th, and now it’s already the 8th Her birthday card … a week ago
A will be sent B can be sent C should have been sent D should have sent
15 You ……… me to Dr Gray We’ve already met
A don’t have to introduce B mustn’t be introduced
C shouldn’t introduce D mustn’t introduce
16 Bill ……….Ann to the party tomorrow
A will be invited B will invite C will have invited D will have been invited
17 A new hospital ……….in this area
A are going to be built B builds C is going to be built D is going to build
18 Mike ……… What’s going on in his English class
A can’t understand B can’t be understood
C could have understood D could have been understood
19 Our test papers ……….by our teachers now
A are marking B are being marked C will mark D will be marked
20 ……….the birds in your garden at three o’clock yesterday afternoon?
A Did you feed B Were you fed C Were you being fed D Were you feeding
IV: Multiple choices
1 Many U.S automobiles - in Detroit, Michigan
A manufacture B have manufactured C are manufactured D are manufacturing
2 I still can’t believe it! My bicycle - last night
A was stolen B was stealing C stolen D stole
3 Let’s go ahead and do it now Nothing - by waiting
A will be accomplished B accomplished C has accomplished D accomplishes 4.” When -? “ - In 1928
A penicillin was discovered B did penicillin discovered
C was penicillin discovered D did penicillin discover
5 The rescuers - for their bravery and fortitude in locating the lost mountain climbers
A were praised B praised C were praising D praising
6 Vitamin C - by the human body It gets into the bloods stream quickly
A absorbs easily B is easily absorbing C is easily absorbed D absorbed easily
7 Renoir is one of the most popular French impressionist painters His paintings -
masterpieces all over the world
A had considered B are considering C are considered D consider
8 We can’t go along here because the road is -
A been repaired B being repaired C repaired D repairing
9 More than 50 films - in HCMC since June
A were shown B had been shown C have been shown D have shown
10 George is - Lisa
A marry with B marry to C married with D married to
11 Somebody cleans the room every day.
Trang 8a The room every day is cleaned b The room is every day cleaned
c The room is cleaned every day d The room is cleaned by somebody every day
12 They cancelled all flights because of fog.
a All flights because of fog were cancelled b All flights were cancelled because of fog
c All flights were because of fog cancelled d All flights were cancelled by them because of fog
13 People don't use this road very often.
a This road is not used very often b Not very often this road is not used
c This road very often is not used d This road not very often is used
14 Somebody accused me of stealing money.
a I was accused by somebody of stealing money b I was accused of stealing money
c I was accused of stealing money by somebody d I was accused stealing money
15 How do people learn languages?
a How are languages learned? b How are languages learned by people?
c How languages are learned? d Languages are learned how?
16 People warned us not to go out alone.
a We were warned not going out alone b We were warned not to go out alone by people
c We weren't warned to go out alone d We were warned not to go out alone
17 Somebody is using the computer at the moment.
a The computer is being used at the moment b The computer at the moment is being used
c The computer is being used by somebody at the moment d The computer is used at the
moment
18 I didn't realize that somebody was recording our conversation.
a I didn’t realize that our conversation was recorded
b I didn't realize that our conversation was being recorded
c I didn't realize that our conversation was being recorded by someone
d Our conversation wasn't realized to be recorded
19 We found that they had cancelled the game.
a We found that the fame had been cancelled.b The game had been cancelled
c We found that the game had been cancelled by them d The game were found to be cancelled
20 They are building a new highway around the city.
a A new highway is being built around the city
b A new highway is being built around the city by them
c A new highway around the city is being built
d Around the city a new highway is being built