MẪU CỤM TỪ TIẾNG ANH THÔNG DỤNG

o accuse sb of st/doing st : buộc tội To agree with sb (about) on st : đồng ý với điều To agree to st : đống ý làm To allow sb to st : cho phép làm To allow st/ doing st : cho phép gì/ làm To apologized (to sb) for st/ doing st : xin lỗi (ai) gì/ làm To approve / disapprove of st/doing st : tán thành/ không tán thành To ask sb for st : hỏi xem, đề nghị To ask sb to / not to st : yêu cầu làm gì/ không làm To attack on st/sb : công gì/ To attempt to st : cố gắng làm To back off : lùi, rút lui To back up : lùi lại, bảo vệ, ủng hộ, trở lại ý kiến ban To back out : lấy xe khỏi bãi đậu; rút lui, huỷ bỏ, lẩn trốn, nuốt lời To base on st : dựa sở To beat around the bush : nói vòng vo, lẩn tránh vấn đề To become of : xảy với To believe in : cho rằng, nghĩ rằng; làm vẻ, giả vờ To bite off : cố với lên To blame sb on st/doing st : quy tội, đổ lỗi cho To blow up : lạm phát, bơm đầy, nổ tung, phá huỷ, làm nổ To blow off : thổi, bay đi, To blow out : nổ, thổi tắt, dập tắt To borrow sb st / st from sb : mượn To break the law/ one''''s promise : phạm luật/ thất hứa To break down : hỏng (máy), sụ đổ, suy nhược, bật/oà khóc To break into : đột nhập To break out : khởi phát, bất ngờ, bùng nổ (chiến tranh) To break off : cắt đứt, gián đoạn, tuyệt giao To break loose : thoát khỏi kiềm chế ai, sổ lồng To break in : tập dần cho (cái gì) mới, chưa quen, ngắt quãng (= to cut in) To bring sb st/ st to sb : mang đến, mang lại cho To bring back : làm nhớ lại, gợi lại To bring to : làm hồi tỉnh To bring up :mang lên, giáo dục, đề cập, nuôi dưỡng, phát biểu To bring about : gây To bring out : đưa ra, giới thiệu với công chúng To bring back : trả lại vật mua mượn (= to take back) To brush up on : ôn lại, xem lại To build up : gia tăng từ từ ( tiền bạc), mạnh dần lên ( sức khoẻ) To burn down : cháy chầm chậm, không hoàn toàn, cháy rụi hoàn toàn To burn up : phá huỷ hoàn toàn lửa, làm cho giận hay phiền lòng (= tick of) To burn out : ngừng sử dụng sử dụng vượt mức, cảm thấy mệt làm việc sức To burst out : nhanh chóng (= to storm out); hành động đột ngột, bất ngờ To buy sb st / st for sb : mua cho To buy up : mua sạch, mua sẵn, mua toàn To buy out : mua doanh nghiệp hay công ty; mua toàn cổ phần để nắm quyền To call for: đề nghị, đòi hỏi To call on/at sb : ghé thăm To call up: gọi điện thoại = to give sb a call To call on : mời yêu cầu, ghé thăm (= to drop in on) To call off : huỷ bỏ, xoá bỏ To call it a day / night : nghỉ buổi ( không làm việc buổi) To care for : trông nom, chăm sóc To carry on : tiếp tục, xúc tiến To carry out : thực hiện, thi hành To carry out : tiến hành, thực hiện, hoàn thành (= to go through with) To catch fire : bắt đầu cháy To catch on : trở lên phổ biến To catch up (with) : đuổi theo, theo kịp To catch up : đuổi kịp, bắt kịp To catch on : trở lên phổ biến, trở thành ưa chuộng, hiểu được, nắm To catch cold : cảm lạnh To change one''s mind : thay đổi ý kiến, định To check up on : kiểm tra nhằm mục đích xác định điều kiện, chấp thuận (= to check on) To cheer up : vui vẻ, khoái trá, hoan hô To clean out : dọn sạch, vét sạch; ăn cắp, ăn trộm; mua bán tất thứ To clear up : làm sáng tỏ (= to straighten out) To collect st from smw : thu thập, thu lượm từ đâu To combine st with st : kết hợp với To come from : bắt nguồn từ To come to : tập hợp lại nhận thức, làm cân bằng, lên tới đến To come into being : đời To come about : xảy To come across : tình cờ thấy, tình cờ nhìn thấy To come over : đến thăm To come round : ghé thăm To come up : lên, lộ To come true : thành thực, chứng tỏ điều To come across : bắt gặp hay tình cờ thấy (= to run across), nhận thấy, nhận biết (= to come off) To come about : xảy To come to an end : kết thúc To comment on st : bình luận To complain about st/sb : kêu ca, phàn nàn To concentrate on st/ doing st : tập trung tư tưởng vào To congratulate sb on st : chúc mừng To continue to do/ doing st : tiếp tục làm To cooperate with sb in doing st ( to st) : hợp tác với To count on : tin tưởng, trông mong (= to depend on) To cover up : che giấu, trốn tránh To crash into st : đâm sầm, lao sầm vào To cross out : chấm dứt cách gạch ngang đường To cut off : cắt ngang, ngăn cản đột ngột To cut out : cắt bỏ bớt, ngừng làm (= to knock it off) To cut corners : tiết kiệm To cut short : thu ngắn, ngắt lời To decide to st : định làm To deny st/ doing st : phủ nhận làm To depend on st/sb/doing st : phụ thuộc vào To die down : giảm, suy yếu ( sức khoẻ) To die out : tiệt chủng, biến To discuss st ( with sb) : bàn bạc, thảo luận với To divide st into : chia thành To over : ôn lại, làm lại To st instead of st/doing st : làm gì, thay làm To st for sb/st to sb : làm cho ai/ làm To without : tồn mà (= to go without) To doubt that + clause : nghi ngờ To draw up : kéo lên, múc lên; thảo (văn kiện) To dress up : ăn mặc cầu kỳ, duyên dáng To drop off : ngủ gục, đưa đến nơi đó; giảm suy thoái (= to fall off) To drop sb a line : viết vài dòng cho To drop out of : dừng lại, đứt đoạn, lắng xuống, rơi xuống To dry up : cạn ráo, làm khô cạn, bị làm cho suy yếu To dry out : khô ráo, làm cho khô ráo; cai rượi,làm cho tỉnh rượi (= to sober up) To earn one''s living : kiếm sống To eat in : ăn nhà To eat out : ăn nhà hàng To enable sb to st : khiến làm To encourage sb to st : khuyến khích làm To enjoy st/doing st : thích làm To escape from : trốn thoát khỏi To expect st/sb : mong chờ, mong đợi To expect sb to st : mong muốn làm To explain st to sb/that + clause : giải thích cho To explain (to sb) that + clause : giải thích với To fade away : phai mờ, bị quên lãng To fail to st : làm To fall through : vỡ kế hoạch, không tiến hành To fall behind : rớt lại, không theo kịp (= to get behind) To fall in love : bắt đầu yêu, yêu To fall behind : thụt lùi To fall down : thất bại To fall off : tách rời, rời khỏi To feel sorry for : tiếc, tiếc chuyện (= to take pity on) To feel like : nghĩ (làm,có) gì, muốn làm To figure out : giải quyết, tính toán To fill st with st : làm đầy To fill up : lấp đầy, đổ đầy xăng To fill in : điền câu trả lời vào, cung cấp, nói cho đầy đủ chi tiết To fill out : hoàn tất câu có sẵn To find fault with : phê bình, than phiền To find st/sb : tìm thấy, tìm To find st/sb + adj : thấy gì/ai To find out (that) + clause : phát hiện/ khám phá To find out : lấy thông tin về, xác định, khám phá, tìm To finish doing st : hoàn thành To fix up : sửa chữa hay đưa lại tình trạng tốt, xếp hẹn hay hứa hẹn với người khác To fool around : lãng phí thời (= screw around), rong chơi, long nhong, đùa cợt To force sb to st : bắt, ép làm To forget to st : quên không làm To get in touch with : giao tiếp với, tiếp xúc với To get used to : trở lên quen với To get rid of : loại bỏ, tháo rỡ, vứt bỏ, ném To get through : hoàn thành, hoàn tất To get (be/keep) in touch with sb : giữ liên lạc với To get on (well) with sb : thoả thuận với To get sb st/ st for sb : lấy cho To get along : tiến bộ, sống ổn định, vui vẻ To get lost : lạc đường, biến To get on one''''s never : quấy rầy, làm bực mình, phát cáu (= to bug) To get away : lẩn tránh, lẩn trốn To get away with : trốn tránh hình phạt, thoái thác công việc To get even with : trả đũa, trả miếng To get the better of : thắng, thắng To get in : lên tàu xe ( xe hơi) To get on : lên tàu xe ( phương tiện vận chuyển khác) To get up : thỉnh giấc, thức dậy To get along with : hoà thuận (= to get on with) To get back : quay lại, trở To get over : lành bệnh, vượt qua, gượng dậy To get to : bắt đầu, đạt đến, đến ( bỏ to với home, there) To get better, worse : trở lên tốt hơn, xấu To get sick, tired, busy : bị bệnh, mệt, bận To get a rise out of : khiêu khích To get off one''''s chest : diễn tả cảm xúc To get through : trao đổi với ai,làm cho người ta hiểu (= to break through to) To get out from under : thoát khỏi vấn đề khó khăn To get out of line : không tuân theo, làm ngơ quy định (= to step out of line To get along with/ get on with : sống hoà thuận To get away : thoát khỏi, tránh khỏi To get on : lên (tàu, xe…) To get down/ get off : xuống (tàu, xe…) To get over : bình phục, khỏi (bệnh), vượt/khắc phục (khó khăn) To get up : đứng dậy, ngủ dậy To get out of : xuống tàu xe ( xe hơi) To get off : xuống tàu xe (các phương tiện vận chuyển khác) To give up : ngừng cố gắng, từ bỏ thói quen xấu To give sb st/ give st to sb : đưa cho To give up st/doing st : từ bỏ To give sb a lift : cho nhờ xe To give away : cho ai, phát To give off : toả ra, phát To give up : bỏ, từ bỏ To give birth to : sinh To give in : đầu hàng, không chống đối To give off : thoát ra, tạo To give out : góp phần; trở lên kiệt sức (= to run out) To give (sb) a hand : trợ giúp, phụ thêm, giúp đỡ (= to lend sb a hand) To give (sb) a big hand : hoan hô, cổ vũ To go out : dừng, tắt (đèn, lửa); ra, (= to step out) To go with : xứng với, phối hợp hài hoà, hẹn với ai, với (= to go out with) To go on sb doing st : tiếp tục To go down : xuống (giá cả) To go into : điều tra, xem xét To go on : tiếp tục To go out with : yêu ai, có bạn trai/bạn gái , chơi với To go up : tăng, tăng lên To go off : tắt, phát tiếng động lớn, bỏ đột ngột To go over : đón nhận, tiếp đón To go around : có đủ cho người, lan truyền đ hết chỗ chỗ khác To go up : tăng lên, gia tăng (= to drive up) To go up to : bước, đi, chạy, lái đến đâu (= to come up to, to walk up to, to run up to, to drive up to ) To go for : kiếm ai, gì; chọn To go in for : ham thích, ham mê (= to go for, to be into, to get into) To go wrong : hư hỏng, thất bại To go through : trải qua khó khăn gian khổ; tiêu thụ, dùng (= to use up) To go without saying : hiển nhiên phải biết, phải biết To go off the deep end : nóng, giận, phát cáu làm liều To go through channels : đưa yêu cầu cách bình thường To go to town : làm việc với nhiệt tình chu đáo To go on : xảy ra, diễn ra, tiếp tục (= to keep on) To goof up : làm việc cách tồi tệ, làm sai (= to mess up, to slip up) To goof off : phí phạm thời gian, ăn không ngồi rồi, lười nhác To grow out of : trở lên lớn, già To hand in : đệ trình, giao nộp đến hạn To hang up : treo lên, móc lên ( quần áo), gác máy ( điện thoại) To happen to sb : xảy với To happen to st : tình cờ làm To have to with : có liên quan tới, có quan hệ với To have an effect on st/ sb : ảnh hưởng tới To have trouble/ experience/ difficulty in st/ doing st : "gặp rắc rối / có kinh nghiệm / khó khăn" To have doubt (no doubt) about sb/st : nghi ngờ To have one''s way : xếp theo cách (= to get one''s way) To have in mind : dự định, có ý kiến,suy nghĩ To have got : có, sở hữu To have got to : phải (= have to) To have it in for : có ý đồ trừng phạt làm điều khó chịu cho (= to hold a grudge against) To have one''s heart set on : khao khát, tâm làm To have (time) off : có thời gian rảnh rỗi (= to take time off) To have a voice in : có tiếng nói, gây ảnh hưởng To have on : mặc To have it out with : cãi cọ To hear from : nhận tin To hear of : có biết về, nghe qua; nghĩ To help sb with st/ to st : giúp đỡ gì/ làm To hold on : gác máy điện thoại, giữ chặt, nắm tay To hold up : ủng hộ, nâng đỡ To hold still : giữ yên, không cử động To hold up : trì hoãn, cản trở To hold on : nắm chặt, giữ chặt, chờ đợi, tỏ nhẫn lại To hold off : trì hoãn, bị trì hoãn To hold out : chịu đựng, chịu thiếu thốn To hold over : kéo dài, nới rộng To hope for st : hy vọng To hope to st/ hope ( that) + clause : hy vọng làm gì/ hy vọng To keep out : không vào, miễn vào To keep away (from) : giữ khoảng cách, tránh sử dụng To keep track of : giữ hay trì sao, nhớ khu vực To keep doing st : liên tục làm To keep sb from st/ doing st : ngăn cản To keep away from : tránh xa To keep off : tránh xa, ăn kiêng To keep on : tiếp tục (làm, sử dụng) To keep in mind : nhớ, không quên (= to bear in mind) To keep up with : trì hay phát triển tốc độ To keep in touch with : giữu liên lạc với (= to stay in touch with) To keep time : chạy ( đồng hồ) To keep up : ngăn chặn giấc ngủ (của ai), đánh thức, làm giật mình; trì ( tốc độ, mức độ làm việc, điều kiện) To keep up with : cập nhật ( kiến thức); hiểu tường tận ( vấn đề) To keep one''s head : giữ bình tĩnh To keep one''s fingers crossed : hi vộng kết tốt đẹp, mong điều xấu xảy To keep one''s word : làm tròn lời hứa, có trách nhiệm To keep after : nhắc nhở thường xuyên, mắng nhiếc To kick st around : thảo luận thân mật (= to toss around) To kick the habit : từ bỏ thói quen xấu To knock on/at : gõ To knock out : đánh bại, hạ đo ván, đánh ngất, gây ấn tượng thu hút mạnh To knock oneself out : làm cho ai/ kiệt sức, vắt kiệt sức, làm việc tích cực To know by sight : trông thấy, biết mặt To land on one''''s feet : bình tĩnh lấy lại thăng sau vấn đề phức tạp To lay the table for a meal ( breakfast, dinner) : bày bàn ăn/ dọn cơm To lay off : thôi, từ bỏ thói quen; loại bỏ xa thải (= to let go) To learn to st : biết làm To learn the ropes : nắm bắt cách tiến hành công việc To leave smw : rời khỏi To leave (smw) for smw : rời đâu để đến đâu To leave sb with st : để lại cho To leave st/sb + smw : để lại, bỏ quên To leave sb/st alone : để yên, tránh xa (= to let alone) To leave open : hoãn việc định To lend sb st : cho vay mượn To let sb st : phép làm To let on : thổ lộ hay nói cho biết, bật mí, nói trước To let up : ngưng bớt, giảm bớt, lắng dịu; nghỉ xả (= to take it easy) To let slide : lờ đi, từ chối To lie down : nằm xuống, ngã To like st/doing st : thích gì/ làm sở thích To line up : xếp hàng, xoay xở để đạt To live on st : sống nhờ vào To live up to : đáp ứng ( điều kiện), chu toàn ( lời hứa) To live it up : xài tiền thoải mái, sống xa hoa To liven up : truyền sinh lực cho ai, làm sống động (= to pick up) To look into : điều tra, kiểm tra cách cẩn thận (= to check into) To look at st : nhìn, ngắm To look + adj : trông To look as if/ as though + clause : trông thể To look forward to sb/doing st : trông mong, trông chờ To look after : trông nom, chăm sóc To look forward to : mong mỏi, háo hức, chờ đợi To look for : tìm kiếm To look up : tra cứu, tìm kiếm To look after : trông nom, chăm sóc (= to take care of, to keep an eye on) To look forward to : nóng lòng mong đợi To look on : quan sát, đứng xem To look up to : ngưỡng mộ, kính trọng To look down on : coi thường, khinh rẻ To look out on : đối diện với, nhìn To look at : để ý đến, xem To look over : "xem xét, kiểm tra, nhìn bao quát ( = to go over, to read over, to check over)" To look for : tìm kiếm, tra cứu To look up : tìm kiếm, tra cứu To look out : cẩn thận, lưu ý (= to watch out) To lose one''''s head : bình tĩnh, bối rối, không tự chủ To lose one''''s touch : thất thế, không lợi trước To lose one''''s cool : nóng, giận giữ bối rối To make sure : chắn (= to make certain) To make good time : du lịch quãng đường với tốc độ vừa phải To make out : tiến bộ, thành đạt To make good : thành công To make clear : làm sáng tỏ, giải thích To make st/sb + adj : làm cho gì/ To make sb st : bắt làm To make progress in st/doing st : tiến To make a decision/phone call/mistake : định/ gọi điện/ mắc lỗi To make up one''s mind : định To make fun of : cười chế giễu, nhạo báng To make : giải quyết, xoay xở To make sense : hiểu, biết điều To make out : đọc hay thấy rõ, chuẩn bị văn kiện pháp lý To make a difference : phân biệt, quan trọng, tác động To make up one''s mind : dứt khoát, định cuối To make friends : kết bạn, làm bạn To make waves : quấy rầy, náo động, làm yên tĩnh To make the best of : cố gắng điều kiện khó khăn To make up : làm bù, khám phá ý tưởng, trang điểm To make up with : giải vấn đề To manage to st : cố gắng làm (đạt kết quả) To meet sb halfway : thoả thuận, thoả hiệp To mind doing st : bận tâm/ phiền lòng To mind the store : trực phòng To miss st/ doing st : bỏ lỡ/ nhỡ gì/ việc To miss sb : nhớ To miss the boat : bỏ lỡ hội, thất bại dự án To mix up : lắc, khuấy đều, lộn xộn, bối rối To pass by : qua, ngang qua, bỏ qua, làm ngơ To pass out : phân phát, phân phối (= to hand out) To pay attention (to) : ý đến To pay for st : trả tiền cho To pay sb for st/doing st : trả tiền cho gì/ làm To pay the bill/ the fuition/ the tax : toán, nộp, đóng To permit sb to st : cho phép làm To persuade sb to st : thuyết phục làm To phone sb : gọi điện cho To pick up : nhặt lên, biết được, phục hồi sức khoẻ, đón (ai) To pick up the tab : trả tiền, toán hoá đơn cho To pick out : chọn lựa To pin on : luận tội (= to hang on) To play up to : nịnh, tâng bốc To play by ear : chơi nhạc trái tim mà không cần nhìn nhạc, làm việc mà không cần có kế hoạch, tự ý hành động To point out : To prefer to st : thích làm To prefer st/doing st to st/doing st : thích gì/làm gì/ làm To prefer to to+ rather than + : thích làm làm To prepare st / for st : chuẩn bị gì/ cho công việc To prevent st/sb from st/doing st : cản trở, ngăn chặn To promise to that : hứa làm To provide sb with st / st for sb : cung cấp cho To pull down : phá đổ, kéo đổ To pull out : kéo ra, lôi ra, nhổ lên To pull off : thành công việc gì, rời khỏi ( đường cao tốc), kéo bật ra, nhổ bật lên To pull together : thu thập thông tin, lấy lại bình tĩnh To put up with st/sb : chịu đựng ai/ To put away/back : cất đi, dành dụm để dùng sau To put off : hoãn lại, tránh mặt To put on : mặc (trang phục) To put out : thổi tắt, dập tắt lửa To put through : nối liên lạc điện thoại To put on : tăng cân, thể hiện,trình diễn To put up with : chịu đựng To put together : lắp ráp vào với To put down : đàn áp, dập tắt, chê bai To put an end to : chấm dứt, bãi bỏ (= to away with) To put sb on : đánh lừa To put one''s foot in : nói hay làm sai điều To put on : Mặc/ đội/ mang ( dùng cho trang phục ) To put away : để dành, để sang bên To put off : trì hoãn, rời lại To put out : bỏ, từ bỏ, tắt (đèn) To quarrel with sb over st : cãi với To recommend st/sb : giới thiệu/ tiến cử To refuse to st : từ chối làm To regret doing st/ not doing st : hối hận làm gì/ không làm To rely on st/sb : đưa vào To remember to st : nhớ làm To remember doing st : nhớ làm To remind sb of st : nhắc cho nhớ lại To remind sb to st : nhắc cho làm To right away : sớm, tức = at once To ring up : gọi điện To rule out sb/st : loại trừ, bác bỏ gì, ngăn chặn To run across : = come across To run after : đuổi theo To run out : hết cạn To run out of : dốc hết, cạn kiệt (đồ dự trữ) To run away : bỏ chạy, chạy trốn To run into : ngẫu nhiên, tình cờ gặp; đâm vào, va vào (= to bump into) To save one''s breath : khỏi phí lời thuyết phục To say st to sb : nói với To say to sb about st : nói với To say (to sb) + that + clause : nói với To screw up : làm cho rối rắm, làm cho lộn xộn To see about : quan tâm đến (= to attend to, to see to) To see off : tiến lên đường To see eye to eye : đồng ý, tán thành To see off : tiễn, chào tạm biệt bắt đầu tàu, xe buýt, máy bay (= to sent off) To see out : ai, hộ tống To sell out : bán hết sạch, sang nhượng công ty doanh nghiệp To send st to sb : gửi cho To send for sb : mời gọi đến To send out : đuổi theo To send for : gọi ai, mời tới To send st/sb to smw : gửi gì/ cử tới đâu To sentence sb to years''s imprisonment : kết án năm tù To serve sb night : nhận hình phạt, lời quở trách, đáng đời To serve (the/ one''s) purpose : hữu dụng, phù hợp với nhu cầu, đòi hỏi To set off : khởi hành To set up : bắt đầu (kinh doanh), thiết lập, tạo lập To set out : bắt đầu lên đường (= to set off, to head out), đặt, trưng bày (= to lay out) To set out to : việc làm có mục đích To shake hands : bắt tay To show sb st/ st to sb : cho xem To show up : xuất hiện, diện, đến; nhìn thấy, tìm thấy (= to turn up) To show off : khoe tài, khoe khoang, bày tỏ, công khai To shut up : đóng cửa thời gian, im ắng, ngừng nói To sit down : ngồi xuống (= to take a seat) To slow down : chậm lại,làm chậm lại (= to slow up) To speak to sb : nói chuyện với To speak about st/sb : nói To stand up : đứng lên To stand up for : ủng hộ, hỗ trợ To stand for : thay thế, đại diện cho, chịu đựng To stand out : dễ nhìn thấy, dễ nhận ra; bật (= to stick out) To stand up for : nài nỉ, đòi hỏi; bênh vực, ủng hộ To stand up : chịu đựng (vật liệu); cho leo (chờ đợi) To stand a chance : có hội, khả đạt To stand up : đứng dậy, đứng lên (= to get up) To stay up : thức, không ngủ To stay in : nhà To step in : can thiệp vào, bước vào (= to step into) To step down : nghỉ hưu từ chức To step on : nghiêm khắc, áp dụng kỷ luật To stick up : cướp đoạt To stick to : giữ lời hứa, tuân theo, tuân thủ quy định To stick it to : lừa đảo (= to rip off, the ripoff) To stick around : chờ đợi, nguyên chỗ cũ To stir up : chọc giận, chọc tức, gây phiền phức To stop to st : dừng lại để làm To stop doing st : dừng việc làm To stopst/sb from st/doing st : = prevent To stop by : đến thăm nhà lát, ghé thăm To suggest doing st : gợi ý làm To suggest + that + S + do/should st : gợi ý, khuyên nên làm To take turns : xen kẽ, luân phiên, thay phiên To take hold of : nắm bắt, xiết chặt tay To take for granted : không đánh giá đầy đủ, thừa nhận thật mà không suy nghĩ nhiều To take into account : xem xét việc đánh giá trường hợp To take sb st/ st to sb : mang đến/ cầm đến cho To take away : dời, di chuyển To take care for : chăm sóc To take off : lột, bỏ, cởi (trang phục), cất cánh (máy bay) To take part in : tham gia To take over : nắm quyền, thâu tóm quyền hành To take up : ham thích, theo đuổi To take advantage of : sử dụng tốt, có lợi To take up : bắt đầu làm hay học To take after : giống (= to look like) To take for : nhận thức được, hiểu To take apart : tháo rời phần To take by supprise : làm ngạc nhiên To take pains : làm việc cẩn thận, chu đáo To take off : cất cánh (máy bay), vội vã, đột ngột To take over : giành quyền kiểm soát, tiếp quản, mua lại , làm lại To take on : thuê mướn, đảm nhận trách nhiệm To take down : lấy, dời xuống; viết, ghi, chép To take in : thăm quan, ngắm cảnh; thu nhỏ, làm hẹp lại ( quần áo); lừa gạt cho vào chòng To take off : cởi, tháo ( quần áo, trang phục) To take one''s time : thong thả, không vội vàng, vấp váp To take part in : tham gia, gia nhập ( to be in on) To take a walk, stroll, hike : dạo, To take a trip : du hành, du lịch To take place : diễn ra, tiến hành theo dự kiến To take up with : hỏi ý kiến vấn đề quan trọng To take out : trích, rút ra, chép lại, hẹn hò (= to go out with) To take one''s word : đồng ý với mà người ta nói đúng, tin tưởng To take the bull by the horn : giải vấn đề khó khăn với tâm To talk back to : trả lời, nói chuyện cách bất kính To talk over : thảo luận tình với người khác To tear down : phá để xây nhà, huỷ, đập tan To tear up : xé nát, thành nhiều mảnh nhỏ To tell sb st : kể cho To tell sb (that) + clause : nói/ bàn To tell apart : phân biệt (= to pick apart, to tell from) To tell sb about st/sb : kể cho nghe To thank sb for st/doing st/ not doing st : cám ơn gì/ làm gì/ không làm To think over : cân nhắc, suy nghĩ trước định To think of : nghĩ, có ý kiến To think up : phát minh, sáng tạo (= to dream up) To throw a way : vứt đi, quẳng đi, vứt bỏ To throw away : vứt bỏ, thải To throw out : ném ra, quăng ra, đuổi ra, bác bỏ, phản đối To throw up : dựng xây cấp tốc, nôn mửa To throw (sb) a curve : đưa vấn đề bất ngờ, gây bối rối To throw the book at : khắc nghiệt với ai, dùng hình phạt để trừng phạt To tire out : khiến cho mệt nhừ (= to wear out) To try to st : cố gắng làm To try out : kiểm tra, sử dụng thời gian thử thách To try on : thử quần áo, trang phục trước mua To turn on : bật, mở, kích hoạt = to switch on To turn off : tắt, dừng = to switch off To turn over : lật sách, chuyển quyền kiểm soát cho To turn on : hào hứng, thích thú To turn around : xoay sang hướng khác, thay đổi toàn To turn out : trở lên, xuất hiện, tham gia (= to come out) To turn down : giảm ánh sáng hay âm thanh, điều chỉnh, từ chối To use up : dùng hết, dùng sạch, tận dụng To used to : có thói quen (chỉ khứ) To wait up for : thức đợi To wait on : phục vụ cửa hiệu hay nhà hàng To wake up : thức giấc, tỉnh giấc To want st/sb : cần/ muốn over Meaning: repeat Example: The only way to correct the mistakes was to the assignment over Meaning: redecorate, refurbish Example: It was very frustrating to wait six months to my apartment over without Meaning: give up, forego Example: When my father lost his job, we had to without many luxuries have nothing to with Meaning: shun, avoid Example: The new neighbors are so unfriendly that they will have nothing to with us in Meaning: tire, exhaust Example: After running five miles without stopping, I was done in Meaning: kill Example: I was so angry that I wanted to him in, but I didn''t IDIOMS USING "GET" get ahead Meaning: advance, prosper, succeed Example: He studied hard in order to get ahead get over Meaning: overcome, recover Example: She got over her cold after two weeks get around Meaning: travel widely, frequently Example: They get around a lot Meaning: avoid, evade Example: They got around the high prices at the market by growing their own vegetables get hold of (get ahold of) Meaning: contact Example: I got hold of him by telephone get out of Meaning: remove from Example: Get him out of here get up Meaning: arise from a sitting or lying position Example: I get up every day at seven get after Meaning: criticize Example: He will get after you if you don''t your work well get by Meaning: pass Example: She was so pregnant that I couldn''t get by her in the hall Meaning: survive Example: Times are hard, but we will get by somehow IDIOMS USING "GIVE" give and take Meaning: compromise Example: We hope there will be some give and take at the conference table give in Meaning: yield, accept a position or viewpoint one had opposed Example: We expected the other side to give in give out Meaning: cease functioning because of age or deterioration Example: We were afraid that our tires would give out during the trip give way Meaning: collapse Example: The town was flooded when the dam gave way Meaning: yield Example: The boss refused to give way to the workers give up Meaning: surrender Example: The soldiers gave up when they knew they were beaten Meaning: stop Example: The dancers would not give up practicing even though they were exhausted given to Meaning: in the habit of Example: Because he was given to fast driving, his license was soon suspended IDIOMS USING "KEEP" keep house Meaning: manage a home Example: He found it hard to keep house when his wife left him keep out of Meaning: stay away from Example: Last year he was warned several times to keep out of trouble keep [one''s] word Meaning: fulfill a promise Example: John has lied to me so often that I will never trust him to keep his word keep track of Meaning: stay in touch with, find the whereabouts of Example: Unfortunately, I can never keep track of my glasses keep up Meaning: maintain, preserve Example: We can no longer afford to keep up the stables and the formal garden keep up with Meaning: stay abreast of Example: The third runner kept up with the second one keep still Meaning: be quiet Example: He told his little girl to keep still during the performance IDIOMS USING "LET" let alone Meaning: stop disturbing Example: Tell Charles to let that boy alone let down Meaning: disappoint, fail Example: Mrs Smith is so reliable that I know she will never let me down let go Meaning: release Example: The police told the terrorist to let the hostages go let off Meaning: permit to leave Example: Ask the bus driver to let you off at Fifth Avenue Meaning: to excuse Example: They caught me with the stolen items, but the judge let me off let pass Meaning: overlook, disregard Example: I will let your remarks pass let up Meaning: pause, decrease in intensity Example: The storm did not let up until the following day let out Meaning: lengthen, expand Example: He had gotten taller and fatter, so I had to let out his pants IDIOMS USING "LOOK" look after Meaning: take care of Example: Someone has to look after the children while we are away look forward to Meaning: anticipate with pleasure Example: I am really looking forward to meeting you! look into Meaning: investigate Example: Do you want to ask the police to look into the disappearance of your jewelry? look like Meaning: resemble Example: My dog looks like Lassie Meaning: seem possible or probable Example: It looks like we won''t be going on vacation this year look out for Meaning: be careful of Example: When you go on the hike, look out for bears Meaning: be responsible for, tend Example: Her big brother looked out for her when she started school look up to Meaning: admire Example: Her students really look up to her look over Meaning: examine, inspect Example: Look over the papers before you sign them IDIOMS USING "MAKE" make up Meaning: invent Example: We believed his story, but it turned out that he had made the whole thing up Meaning: reconcile Example: A week later, he tried to make up with his girlfriend by buying her flowers make a living Meaning: earn money, support oneself Example: While I was a student, I made a living by babysitting make headway Meaning: progress Example: There is less traffic in the evenings, so we should make better headway later make up one''s mind Meaning: decide Example: I like both choices, so I can''t make up my mind make room for Meaning: clear a space for Example: By pushing our chairs closer together, we were able to make room for another person at our table make sure Meaning: ascertain Example: Make sure you have your books with you before you leave make good Meaning: succeed Example: When the movie star was still a little girl, she told her parents that she would make good someday make good time Meaning: get somewhere quickly Example: The trip only took us an hour because we made good time make out Meaning: succeed Example: I made out pretty well on that test Meaning: perceive, read Example: I can''t make out the signature on this document Meaning: engage in kissing and caressing Example: The teenagers were making out in the bushes during the party 10 make with [something] Meaning: accept a substitute Example: I wanted steak, but I had to make with peanut butter put off Meaning: postpone, delay Example: George put off writing his paper for class until the night before it was due put on Meaning: dress oneself in Example: Put on your raincoat for the weather looks bad Meaning: fool [someone] Example: He said he was a famous actor, but he was just putting us on put out Meaning: annoyed, irritated Example: Because he lost the election, the candidate was put out at his staff Meaning: have sex with someone Example: She thought she would be more popular if she put out on the first date put something over on [someone] Meaning: trick [someone] Example: The dishonest merchant tried to put something over on us, but we didn''t buy his goods put up a fight Meaning: resist Example: They may force me to leave this school, but I will put up a fight before I go put across Meaning: present or deliver convincingly Example: Jennifer got the job because she was able to put her ideas across so convincingly put down Meaning: insult, degrade Example: Edward was angry because his boss continued to put him down put away Meaning: store in the proper place Example: Adrienne''s father told her to put her toys away IDIOMS USING "RUN" run up Meaning: accumulate Example: Alex ran up a large bill at the bar run across Meaning: encounter, meet by chance Example: In London, we unexpectedly ran across our friends Beth and Hugh run out of Meaning: use entirely Example: She came home because she ran out of money run an errand Meaning: perform a task involving movement or travel Example: I was late because I had to run errands run low Meaning: become scarce in quantity or supply Example: As we crossed the desert, our water began to run low run up against Meaning: encounter unfavorably Example: We ran up against a problem with the telephone company run for Meaning: campaign for Example: Bill Clinton ran for governor successfully before he ran for President run along Meaning: go Example: I''ve got to run along now IDIOMS USING "TAKE" take a break Meaning: stop an activity briefly, rest Example: I need to take a break between classes take care of Meaning: be responsible for, handle Example: Does this office take care of financial problems? Meaning: nurse, tend Example: My mother always took care of me when I was sick take charge of Meaning: be responsible for, direct Example: Sandra decided to take charge of the campaign take [something or someone] for granted Meaning: assume Example: He took it for granted that I would have enough money to pay the bill take it easy Meaning: rest, relax Example: Peter has decided to take it easy by not working for the rest of the summer take [something] out of Meaning: remove from Example: My supervisor asked me to take all the old files out of the file cabinet take [someone] out Meaning: date [someone] Example: The handsome stranger wants to take Judy out on Saturday night take up Meaning: begin an activity Example: Would you like to take up a new hobby? Meaning: use, consume Example: I''m sorry to take up so much of your time take over Meaning: gain control of Example: The angry workers took over the boss''s office 10 take [something] back Meaning: retract Example: I take back all the nasty things I have ever said about you get across + cause to be understood It''''s difficult to get humor across in another language get ahead= make progress I can''''t get ahead even though I work two jobs get ahead of + surpass You need to work overtime in order to get ahead of schedule get along =have a good relationship Do you and your sister get along? get along with ++have a good relationship Giovanna doesn''''t get along with her two brothers get around = avoid someone or something Some people get around paying taxes by hiring a good accountant get around =go many places It''''s easy to get around town with public transportation get away =escape The bank robbers got away get away with +do something against the rules or illegal and not get caught or punished My sister gets away with everything! get by =survive without having the things you need or want I lost my job, so I am having a hard time getting by this year get by on = survive with minimal resources It''''s nearly impossible to get by on making minimum wage get by with = manage with You don''''t need a computer You can get by with the typewriter get down to = get serious about a topic Enough small talk Let''''s get down to business get in =enter ( a car, a small boat) Get in the front seat You will have more leg room get in =enter Get in I will give you a ride to school get off =send (a package) I finally got my sister''''s birthday present off yesterday get off = remove ( a spider from your shirt) Can you get this spider off my shirt? get off = leave (a bus, plane, train, boat) We need to get off the bus at the next stop get off= leave It''''s dangerous to sit on the roof Get off! get off ~idiomatic phrase - How does he justify saying that?! Where does he get off saying that?! get = on put on (clothes) You should get your jacket on because it''''s going to be cold get on =enter (a bus, train), mount (a horse, a bike) The train is leaving Quick, get on! get on =enter (a bus, train), mount ( a horse, a bike) Get on my bike and I will give you a ride home get on =have a good relationship Natasha doesn''''t get on with her co-workers get on with =have a good relationship Do you get on with your neighbors? get on with =continue an activity Now that the police have left, let''''s get on with the party! get out of =exit (a small boat, car, an enclosed area) I fell into the water when I tried to get out of the canoe get over = recover (a cold, a disease, an ex-boyfriend/ex-girlfriend) Jennifer still hasn''''t gotten over her breakup with Peter get through =complete We will never get through all of these boxes by 9:00 PM get through = penetrate We need a stronger drill to get through this wall get through penetrate The door was jammed, so we couldn''''t get through get through (with) =finish Have you gotten through with your homework yet? get through to = make contact It''''s hard to get through to Janet because her telephone line is always busy get up cause someone to rise (from a sitting position or a lying position) Ahmed got Abdul up at 5:30 in the morning by turning the music up really loud get up= rise (from sitting position or a bed) What time did you get up this morning? give * away =give something without asking for anything in exchange Why did Nancy give all of her furniture away? give * away =betray (a secret) We are having a surprise party for Susan next Saturday, so don''''t give our surprise away by acting suspicious give * back = return something you borrowed When are you going to give that book back to your teacher? give in stop trying Never give in! You can it! give off =release (a smell, light) That white flower gives off a beautiful smell give * out = distribute I earn extra money by giving out brochures on the street give out become very tired (inf.) I hope this car doesn''''t give out in the middle of the desert give * up =surrender something The police told the thief to give his gun up give up surrender Never give up learning English! go away =leave I yelled at the dogs to make them go away go back= return When are you going back to your house? go by =go past, go close to, visit quickly We go by the coffee shop everyday go back on = not keep (one''''s word, a promise) Don''''t trust him He always goes back on his promises go down =decrease The cost of flight tickets is going down go for =try to achieve Our team is going for the gold medal in the Olympics go for idiomatic phrase - I am craving pepperoni pizza I could go for pepperoni pizza go in for + participate ( inf.) Are you going to go in for soccer this year at school? go into = discuss in detail I really don''''t want to go into that now go off =explode The bomb could go off at any moment go off =begin, start (used with signals, alarms, warning sounds) The alarm clock went off at 6:00 AM go off =stop (said of a machine) The DVD player goes off automatically if you are not using it go off become angry Maria went off last night after I told her about losing her bike go on =continue Please, go on Don''''t let me interrupt you go on =happen T his place is a mess! What went on here last night? go on with =continue ( a plan, a conversation) I think we should go on with the meeting and stop wasting time go out =stop burning ( a fire) The fire went out after three days go out =take part in social activities (usually at night) They love to go out every Saturday night go over = review Do you usually go over your notes before class? go over= be well received, succeed That didn''''t go over well go through =examine in detail, study carefully I need to have my lawyer go through this contract before I sign it go through =endure; experience challenges, difficulties or traumas She has gone through so much in her life go through with =continue or proceed despite difficulties or fears I have decided to go through with the operation go with + match (clothing) That shirt doesn''''t go with those pants go with = accompany a person I am going with Alejandro to the party go with + have a boyfriend/girlfriend I am going with Yuri go without + abstain from something you want or need A person can go without water for three days grow under =go out of business The restaurant went under after it lost its liquor license grow up =mature Your brother needs to grow up and start thinking about his future add up - add back up - cause to move backwards; support; blow up; cause to explode; destroy by explosives break down - analyze; list the parts of separately break into - go into a house or room forcibly; suddenly; begin; bring about - cause to happen bring off - accomplish bring on - cause bring out - publish; emphasize bring over - bring bring to - revive bring up - raise; care for from childhood brush out - brush the inside of burn down - destroy by burning burn up - consume by fire buy out - by the other person''s share of a business buy up - buy the whole supply of call off - cancel; order away call up - telephone; summon for military service calm down - become calm carry on - continue carry out - fulfill; complete; accomplish; perform carry over - carry; continue at another time or place cheer up - cause to become cheerful chew up - chew thoroughly chop up - chop into small pieces clean off - clean the surface of clean out - clean the inside of clean up - clarify; tidy clear out - clear the surface of clear up - clear the inside of close down - close permanently close up - close temporarily count in - include count out - exclude count up - calculate; count; add to a total cross out - eliminate cut off - interrupt; sever; amputate cut out - eliminate; delete cut down - reduce in quantity draw up - write; compose (a document) dress up - put clothes on; adorn dust out - dust the inside of eat up - eat completely figure out - interpret; understand figure up - compute fill in - complete (a printed form) fill out - complete (a printed form) fill up - fill completely (a container) find out - discover fix up - repair; arrange in a suitable manner get across - cause to be understood give back - return give out - distribute; announce give up - surrender something hand down - deliver; pronounce formally; leave as an inheritance hand over - yield control of hang up - suspend have on - be dressed in have over - entertain someone informally at one''s home hold off - delay; restrain hold up - delay; rob; threaten with a weapon keep up - continue; keep the same pace leave out - omit let down - disappoint let out - release from confinement; make larger (in sewing) light up - light; illuminate thoroughly live down - live in such a way as to cause something to be forgotten make over - remake move over - move to the side pass out - distribute pass up - not take advantage of (as an opportunity) pass on - transmit pay back - repay pay off - discharge a debt completely; give someone his final pay pick up - come to meet an escort; lift with hands or fingers; learn casually; initiate an association publicly play down - minimize play up - emphasize point out - indicate pull down - pull in a downward direction; raze push across - cause to be understood or accepted put off - postpone put on - dress in; deceive or fool put up - preserve (food); receive as an overnight guest quiet down - be quiet ring up - the telephone rinse off - rinse the surface of rinse out - rinse the inside of rule out - eliminate run down - trace; disparage; hit with a vehicle run off - cause to depart; reproduce mechanically save up - accumulate see through - complete; in spite of difficulties see off - accompany someone to the beginning of a trip send back - send to a place where formerly located send over - send to where someone is set up - arrange show off - exhibit ostentatiously shut off - cause to cease functioning slow up - cause to move more slowly spell out - enumerate; state in detail stand up - fail to keep an appointment with sweep out - sweep the inside of take back - return; retract a statement take down - remove from a high position; write from dictation take in - understood; fool; deceive; make smaller (in sewing) take over - take; assume command of tear down - destroy tear up - tear into small pieces tell off - scold; reprimand think over - consider think through - consider from beginning to end think up - create; invent throw away - discard throw over - reject tie up - tie securely or tight tire out - cause to be exhausted touch up - repair try on - put on a garment to verify the fit try out - test turn down - refuse; lower the volume turn out - produce; force into exile, extinguish (a light) wash off - wash the surface of wash out - wash the inside of wear out - use until no longer usable; tire greatly wind up - finish, tighten the spring of a watch or machine wipe off - wipe the surface of wipe out - wipe the inside of; decimate work out - solve write down - record write out - write down every detail; spell out write up - compose; prepare (a document) Inseparable back out of - desert; fail to keep a promise bear down on - lean on; browbeat bear on - have to with bear up under - endure break in on - interrupt break into - interrupt call for - come to get; require care for - like; guard; supervise; maintain carry on with - continue catch up with - cover the distance between oneself and check up on - examine; verify come across - find accidentally come along with - accompany; make progress come by - find accidentally come down with - become ill with come out with - utter; produce come up with - utter; produce count on - rely on cut in on - interrupt disagree with - cause illness or discomfort to away with - abolish without - deprive oneself of drop in at/on - visit casually without planning drop out of - leave; quit face up to - acknowledge fall behind in - lag; not progress at required pace fall back on - use for emergency purpose fall out with - quarrel with fill in for - substitute for get ahead of - surpass; beat get around - evade; avoid get away with - without being caught or punished get by with - manage with a minimum of effort get down to - become serious about; consider get in - enter (a vehicle) get off - descend from; leave get on - enter (a vehicle); mount get on with - proceed with get through with - terminate, finish go back on - desert; fail to keep (a promise) go for - like a great deal go in for - be interested in; participate in go on with - continue go over - review go with - harmonize with; look pleasing together go without - abstain from hang around - remain idly in the vicinity of hear from - receive a communication from hear of - learn about (sometimes accidentally) hit on - discover accidentally hold on to - grasp tightly hold out against - resist keep at - persevere at keep to - persist in; continue keep up with - maintain the pace of lie down on - evade; fail to live on - support or sustain oneself by means of live up to - maintain the standard demanded of look after - take care of look back on - remember nostalgically look down on - feel superior to look forward to - anticipate look up to - respect; admire make up for - compensate for pass on - transmit pick on - tease; bully play up to - flatter for personal advantage put up with - tolerate read up on - search out information on run against - compete against in an election run away with - leave; escape from run for - campaign for see about - consider; arrange see to - arrange; supervise settle on - decide on; choose stand for - represent; permit stand up for - support; demand stand up to - resist stick to - persist stick up for - support; defend take after - resemble talk back to - answer impolitely talk over - discuss tell on - report misbehavior to authority touch on - mention briefly turn into - become wait on - serve wait up for - not go to bed while waiting for watch out for - be careful for Intransitive back down - retreat from a position in an argument back out - desert; fail to keep a promise back up - move backwards bear up - endure blow in - drop in to visit unexpectedly blow over - pass without doing harm blow up - explode; lose one''s temper call up - telephone calm down - become calm carry on - continue as before; misbehave catch on - understand catch up - cover the distance between oneself and a moving goal check up - investigate check out - leave; pay one''s bill cheer up - become cheerful clear out - leave clear up - become clear close down - close permanently close up - close temporarily came about - happen come along - accompany; make progress come back - return come by - visit someone in his home come out - appear; make a social debut come over - come to someone''s house, to where someone is come through - succeed come to - regain consciousness cut in - interrupt die away - fade; diminish die down - fade; diminish die off/out - disappear; become extinct dress up - don fancy or unusual clothes drive back - return by car drop in - visit someone casually without planning drop out - abandon some organized activity; leave; quit drop over - visit someone casually fall behind - not progress at required pace fall off - decrease; lose weight fall through - fail; not be accomplished fill in - substitute find out - learn fly back - return by air fly over - fly to where someone is get ahead - make progress get along - have a friendly relationship get around - circulate; move about get away - escape get by - manage; either just barely or with a minimum of effort get in - enter get off - descend from leave get on - enter (a vehicle); mount (a horse, etc.) get on/along - progress; be compatible get up - rise get through - finish give out - become exhausted give up - surrender; fail to finish go back - return go off - explode go on - happen; continue go out - stop burning; leave one''s residence go over - go; succeed grow up - mature hang around - remain idly; dawdle hang up - replace a telephone receive on its hook hold on - grasp tightly; persevere; wait while telephoning hold out - continue to resist; persevere; persist keep on - continue keep up - maintain the required pace or standard; continue let up - diminish in intensity lie down - recline look on - be a spectator make out - progress; succeed make up - become reconciled move over - move to the side pan out - turn out well; be successful pass out - become unconscious pass on - die pick up - grow; increase pull in - arrive pull out - deport pull through - survive (barely) ride over - ride to where someone is run away - escape; leave; leave quickly without permission run down - slowly lose power so as to stop functioning run off - depart running; drain sell out - sell the ownership or responsibility settle up - pay one''s bills or debts show off - boast by words or actions show up - arrive; appear unexpectedly shut up - stop talking slow up - reduce speed stand by - wait; be prepared to assist stand up - stand; rise from sitting; last; endure stay over - remain at someone''s house overnight or longer step aside - move to one side take off - leave the ground take over - assume command talk back - answer impolitely throw up - vomit turn around - turn so that one is facing another direction turn in - go to bed turn out - succeed; come; appear, as at a public meeting turn up - arrive; be found unexpectedly wait up - remain awake in anticipation wake up - awaken walk back - return on foot to where one was walk over - walk to where someone is wash out - fade or disappear from washing watch out - be careful wear off - fade; disappear through use or time wear out - become unusable through use; become used up work out - be successful [...]... Chú ý: một số từ có thay đổi cách phát âm so với từ gốc (và do đó dấu nhấn cũng chạy đi chỗ khác) Các bác chịu khó tra từ điển prefer - preferrable compare - comparable Cách dùng 2: kết hợp với danh từ để tạo tính từ Cách viết: từ tận cùng là y thì bỏ y Ví dụ: comfortable, miserable, honorable = thoải mái, đau khổ, đáng kính -ability Cách dùng: kết hợp với tính từ -able để trở thành danh từ Ví dụ: lovability,... chất khử mùi Cách dùng 3: với danh từ > tính từ liên quan Ví dụ: combatant, tolerant = thuộc về đánh nhau, kiên nhẫn (biết chịu đựng) -ance Cách dùng: với động từ (thường là tận cùng -ant) > danh từ liên quan Ví dụ: performance, tolerance, entrance, assistance = cuộc trình diễn, sự chịu đựng, lối vào, sự giúp đỡ antiCách dùng: kết hợp với hầu hết danh từ để tạo tính từ có ý nghĩa là "chống, chặn,... Trong các từ có nghĩa là "nước" - VD: aqualung (bình hơi thợ lặn), aquarium (hồ cá cảnh) arch- Cách dùng 1: Kết hợp với các danh từ chỉ tước vị trong giới quý tộc hoặc giáo hội để tạo danh từ mới chỉ người có địa vị cao nhất, có nghĩa là "tổng, đại" - VD: archbishop (tổng giám mục), archduke (đại công tước), archangel (tổng lãnh thiên thần) - Cách dùng 2: kết hợp với danh từ để tuyệt đối hóa danh từ đó... với danh từ để thành tính từ Tính từ này diễn tả một sự vật mà thành phần quan trọng và nổi bật là danh từ gốc - VD: acid-based powder (bột có thành phần chính là axít), coal-based industrial economy (kinh tế công nghiệp dựa vào khai thác than là chính), market-based (theo thị trường), computer-based TOEFL (TOEFL thi trên máy tính, trái với paper-based là thi trên giấy) -Cách dùng 2: với danh từ chỉ... được mong đợi/ được chờ đợi từ lâu/ thú vị Ex: A welcome guest (Khách quí/ khách bấy lâu mong đợi) Ex: A welcome gift (Món quà thú vị được chờ đợi từ lâu) Ø Welcome to + noun = Có quyền, được phép sử dụng Ex: You are welcome to any book in my library (Anh có quyền lấy bất kỳ quyển sách nào trong thư viện của tôi) Ø Welcoming (phân từ 1 cấu tạo từ động từ welcome dùng làm tính từ) · Chào đón/ đón tiếp... ability -ant Cách dùng 1: với động từ > danh từ chỉ người thực hiện hành động Cách viết: như -able Ví dụ: accountant, servant, combatant, assistant, assailant = kế tóan, kẻ hầu, người tham chiến (bên tham chiến), trợ tá, kẻ tấn công Chú ý: confidant là người được người ta tâm sự chứ ko phải là người tâm sự Cách dùng 2: với động từ > danh từ chỉ vật có chức năng mà động từ mô tả Ví dụ: deodorant (nghĩ... đống đổ nát), storage (sự tồn trữ) - Cách dùng 2: với danh từ chỉ đơn vị đo lường để tạo thành danh từ mới Danh từ này nói đến khoảng lượng - VD: mileage (tổng số dặm đã đi), poundage (lượng cân), tonnage (trọng tải tính bằng tấn Cars with high mileage should not be driven = Xe chạy nhiều mile rồi không nên chạy nữa (= nên mua xe mới ) agro- Trong các từ có nghĩa là "đất" hay "nông nghiệp" - VD: agrochemical... tạo tính từ Tính từ này diễn tả sự việc được tổ chức hoặc xuất xứ từ nơi đó Tiếng Việt dịch nôm na là "ở " - VD: British-based engineering group (nhóm cơ khí ở Anh) , home-based industry (nền công nghiệp sản xuất tư gia), Reuters is the London-based news agency (Reuters là 1 hãng thông tấn đặt tại London), ground-based telescopes (kính thiên văn đặt trên mặt đất) bi- Cách dùng 1: Trong các từ có nghĩa... (thổ nhưỡng học) -aholic, -oholic - Kết hợp với danh từ để tạo danh từ mới nghĩa là "người nghiện" - VD: chocoholic (người nghiện sôcôla), workaholic (người ham làm việc), shopaholic (người hay mua sắm), cashaholic (kẻ hám tiền), bookaholic (kẻ mọt sách) - Chú ý: những từ này xuất hiện nhiều trên báo chí, tra từ điển chưa chắc có anthrop- Trong các từ có nghĩa là "người, con người" - VD: anthropology... không điển hình, phi chính trị, không mang tính chất xã hội, vô trùng, vô tính -able Cách dùng 1: Kết hợp với động từ để tạo tính từ Tiếng Việt thường dịch là dễ , đáng , có thể được, khả Cách viết: 1 Từ tận cùng là e thì bỏ e trước khi thêm able (có 1 số ngoại lệ) ee thì không bỏ 2 Từ tận cùng là ate thì bỏ ate đi trước khi thêm able Ví dụ: lovable, enjoyable, readable, breakable, differentiable, ... phải người tâm Cách dùng 2: với động từ > danh từ vật có chức mà động từ mô tả Ví dụ: deodorant (nghĩ có ) = chất khử mùi Cách dùng 3: với danh từ > tính từ liên quan Ví dụ: combatant, tolerant... giấy) -Cách dùng 2: với danh từ nơi chốn để tạo tính từ Tính từ diễn tả việc tổ chức xuất xứ từ nơi Tiếng Việt dịch nôm na "ở " - VD: British-based engineering group (nhóm khí Anh) , home-based industry... (tạo từ phái sinh từ cho sẵn) vốn từ hạn chế "đoán điền" Đoán cách nào? Bằng cách học sơ qua tiền tố (tiếp đầu ngữ), hậu tố (tiếp vị ngữ) dạng kết hợp tiếng Anh Không dừng lại đoán, tạo từ cách