Remembering the kanji, volume 3

Writing and Reading Japanese Characters for Upper-Level Proficiency.

Students who have learned to read and write the basic 2,000 characters run into the same difficulty that university students in Japan face: the government-approved list of basic educational kanji are not sufficient for advanced reading and writing Although each academic specialization requires supplementary kanji of its own, a large number of these kanji overlap With that in mind, the same methods employed in Volumes and of Remembering the Kanji have been applied to 1,000 additional characters determined as useful for upper-level proficiency, and the results published as the third volume in the series To identify the extra 1,000 characters, frequency lists were researched and cross-checked against a number of standard Japanese kanji dictionaries Separate parts of the book are devoted to learning the writing and reading of these characters The writing requires only a handful of new “primitive elements.” A few are introduced as compound primitives (“measure words”) or as alternative forms for standard kanji The majority of the kanji, 735 in all, are organized according to the elements introduced in Volume For the reading, about twenty-five percent of the new kanji fall into “pure groups” that use a single “signal primitive” to identify the main Chinese reading Another thirty percent of the new kanji belong to groups with one exception or to mixed groups in which the signal primitives have two readings The remaining 306 characters are organized first according to readings that can be intuited from the meaning or dominant primitive element, and then according to useful compound terms Six indexes include hand-drawn samples of the new characters introduced and cumulative lists of the key words and primitive meanings, and of the Chinese and Japanese pronunciations, that appear in all volumes of the series James W Heisig is professor and permanent research fellow at the Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture in Nagoya, Japan Tanya Sienko spent ten years working for the Japanese government and Japanese industry After a period at the Warburg Institute in London, she returned to the U.S and now works as an entrepreneur University of Hawai‘i Press Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96822-1888 www.uhpress.hawaii.edu Remembering the Kanji · heisig & sienko Japanese language James W Heisig • Tanya Sienko Remembering the Kanji Writing and Reading Japanese Characters for Upper-Level Proficiency remembering the kanji by the same author Remembering the Kana: A Guide to Reading and Writing the Japanese Syllabaries in Hours Each Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2007 (1987) Remembering the Kanji 1: A Complete Course on How Not to Forget the Meaning and Writing of Japanese Characters Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2007 (1977) Remembering the Kanji 2: A Systematic Guide to Reading Japanese Characters Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2008 (1987) Kanji para recordar i: Curso mnemotécnico para el aprendizaje de la escritura y el significado de los caracteres japoneses (with Marc Bernabé and Verònica Calafell) Barcelona: Herder Editorial, 2005 (2001) Kanji para recordar ii: Guía sistemática para la lectura de los caracteres japoneses (with Marc Bernabé and Verònica Calafell) Barcelona: Herder Editorial, 2004 Kana para recordar: Curso mnemotécnico para el aprendizaje de los silabarios japoneses (with Marc Bernabé and Verònica Calafell) Barcelona: Herder Editorial, 2005 (2003) Die Kanji lernen und behalten Bedeutung und Schreibweise der japanischen Schriftzeichen (with Robert Rauther) Frankfurt am Main: Vittorio Klostermann Verlag, 2006 (2005) Die Kanji lernen und behalten Systematische Anleitung zu den Lesungen der japanischen Schriftzeichen (with Robert Rauther) Frankfurt am Main: Vittorio Klostermann Verlag, 2006 Die Kana lernen und behalten Die japanische Silbenschrift lesen und schreiben in je drei Stunden (with Klaus Gresbrand) Frankfurt am Main: Vittorio Klostermann Verlag, 2006 Kanji: Imaginar para aprender (with Rafael Shoji) São Paulo: jbc Editora, 2007 Remembering the Kanji vol Writing and Reading Japanese Characters for Upper-Level Proficiency James W Heisig & Tanya Sienko second edition University of Hawai‘i Press honolulu Copyright © 1994, 2008 by James W Heisig All rights reserved, including the right to reproduce this book or portions thereof in any form without the written permission of the publisher Printed in the United States of America First edition: 2nd printing, 1995 Second edition: 1st printing, 2008 12 11 10 09 08 07 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Heisig, James W., 1944Remembering the kanji : a complete course on how not to forget the meaning and writing of Japanese characters / James W Heisig — 5th ed v ; cm Includes indexes ISBN 978-0-8248-3165-3 (pbk : alk paper) Japanese language—Orthography and spelling Chinese characters— Japan Japanese language—Textbooks for foreign speakers—English I Title PL547.H4 2007 495.6’82421—dc22 2006103109 The typesetting for this book was done at the Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture University of Hawai‘i Press books are printed on acid-free paper and meet the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Council on Library Resources Contents Preface by Tanya Sienko Introduction part one: writing New Primitives and Kanji Primitives Major Primitive Elements Miscellaneous Kanji Western Measurements Phonetic Characters Old and Alternate Forms 13 24 120 134 136 138 part two: reading 10 11 12 13 14 Old Pure Groups New Pure Groups Semi-Pure Groups Mixed Groups A Potpourri of Readings Kanji with Japanese Readings Only Readings of Old and Alternate Forms Supplementary Kanji v 149 171 198 221 250 288 298 301 vi | contents indexes Index i Index ii Index iii Index iv Index v Index vi Hand-Drawn Characters Primitive Elements Kanji in Stroke Order Chinese Readings Japanese Readings Key Words and Primitive Meanings 309 318 323 338 357 404 Preface Tanya Sienko When I first contacted Dr Heisig with a proposal to add a third volume to Remembering the Kanji, I somehow left the impression that it was my rather esoteric needs as a scientist that left me hankering for more kanji than the 2,042 I had learned with his method Actually, it was not the technical prose of Yukawa and Tomonaga on field theory that were causing me my biggest headaches but ordinary Japanese novels Having read mystery novels to polish my reading in other languages, I was disappointed to fi nd that the “essential” or “general-use” characters were simply not enough to gain entry into the Japanese thriller After just a few chapters, my maiden voyage ended on the rocks So much for “basic literacy,” I thought to myself And so was born the idea for this book During the time of the American Occupation, the Japanese writing system underwent a complete overhaul, which saw the number of Chinese characters to be learned during the years of compulsory education reduced to a bare minimum of 1,850 The idea was to simplify the system and facilitate literacy by removing rarely used kanji from circulation What the reformers did not count on in their long-range plan was the resistance of the general public to the disappearance of many kanji customarily used for names Families reacted by continuing to name their children with “traditional” names, but the government refused to register the kanji This resulted in the bizarre situation where a number of Japanese were growing up legally nameless In 1951 the Ministry of Education grudgingly backed down and approved another 92 “legal” characters for names, followed by another 28 in 1976 In 1981 the number of “general-use” kanji was increased in 1,945 and in 1990 the kanji approved for use in names was increased to 284 This is the situation at present Of course, there were still numerous kanji outside the list that continued to be used in place names, or that appeared in books published before the educational reforms and were impractical to update Over the past twenty years many of these exiled characters have migrated back into daily use Advertisers often prefer the compactness and precision of older kanji to their phonetic | preface equivalents Increasing competition has induced universities to include more and more “unofficial” kanji in their entrance examinations And popular novelists, as always, cling tenaciously to their cache of little-known glyphs as a mark of the trade Finally, the ubiquitous word processor has turned the distinction between what is “allowed” and what is “disallowed” into something of an anachronism For the foreign student who has landed in this mess, there have been only two alternatives: either you adhere to the official list, or you stumble about blindly trying to improve your knowledge as best you can The idea behind the present book was to offer a third choice: supplementary kanji to lay a solid basis for contemporary Japanese In addition to the method of selection explained in Dr Heisig’s introduction, I myself checked the final list against Edward Daub et al., Comprehending Technical Japanese (University of Wisconsin Press, 1975), which used frequency lists to determine the 500 kanji most used in technical writings With the exception of characters specific to one field, this list is represented in the pages that follow Of the many people who assisted me in this project, I would like particularly to express my thanks to Ronald D Mabbitt for help in the cross-referencing and for his many useful suggestions on the structure of the book; and Kanda Yumiko 神田由美子 for checking some of the more obscure compounds Introduction The american philosopher William James once wrote that a great idea goes through three stages on its way to acceptance First, it is dismissed as nonsense Then it is acknowledged as true, but insignificant Finally, it is seen to be important, but not really anything new Time and again history confirms the wisdom of James’s observation, but it also reminds us that the very same bias that resists the invasion of novelty also serves to swat away many a flea-brained idea buzzing about for attention In this connection, I must admit I am of two minds about Remembering the Kanji and its companion volumes I have always had the sense that there was something flea-brained about the whole project Its reception by students of the Japanese language across the world has been as much a surprise to me as to the original publishers We had expected no more than a short buzz, followed by a firm whack into oblivion From the start I was convinced that if there was anything important in the method, it surely was nothing new All I had done, after all, was to put some semblance of order into what students of the kanji had always done: trick their minds into making easily forgettable shapes more memorable The sales of the books, as well as scores of letters from readers, has convinced me that this is, in fact, the case On the one hand, the method seems to have proved itself a natural one suited to large numbers of students motivated to study the kanji on their own On the other, it remains virtually useless for classroom instruction Th is is hardly surprising, since it aims to something the classroom cannot do, namely to tap the imagination of the individual at the individual’s own learning pace To the native speaker of Japanese trained in the traditional school system and trying to teach the Japanese writing system to those whose primary education was outside of the “kanji curtain,” it can only appear a distracting gimmick For one who does not know from experience the question behind the method, the answer—even if it works—makes no sense Whatever the merits of Remembering the Kanji as a learning tool, then, its demerits as a teaching tool are beyond redemption This is probably for the best To force the expectations of the textbook on the method would probably only end up frustrating everyone—teachers and students The saving grace of the books is that they are simply too flea-brained to run the circuit of “course work.” Letters from readers have combined expressions of gratitude with more 416 | index vi: key words and primitive meanings inside insinuate inspection Inst instant instantaneously instead instruction insult integrity intelligent intention interintercept interchange interment interpretation interrogative interval interview intestines intimate intimidate introduce intuition inundate invariably inverted investigate iris iron iron, pig irrigate island [alt.] island isolate Italy itch item ivy 内 仄 視 院 即 忽 却 訓 罵 侃 賢 志 相 遮 換 葬 釈 那 間 遇 腸 睦 威 紹 勘 湛 必 逆 査 菖 鉄 銑 沃 嶋 島 隔 伊 痒 箇 1019 2153 1093 1304 1462 2431 1395 341 2699 2123 852 600 209 1192 1043 816 1908 2960 1620 1956 544 1514 364 1359 1769 2317 635 1959 1781 2366 846 270 2079 2976 1948 1312 1161 2572 2029 1.71 J jade green jail jail cell jammed in 翠 2863 牢 2213 1.343 介 250 Japanese cypress [old] Japanese cypress Japanese Judastree Japanese oak jasmine javelin jawbone jealous jet jewel jewel, squared jeweled hairpin join journey jubilation Judas-tree, Japanese judgment jump junior jurisdiction just so juvenile 檜 2964 桧 2495 桂 198 楢 2493 茉 2348 鑓 2767 1.295 妬 玖 玉 圭 珈 併 往 慶 桂 判 踊 徒 領 是 童 2195 2565 256 155 2962 1030 880 2001 1.198 1205 1409 878 1405 388 436 K kalpa kazoo keg ketchup key key kick kidnap kidney kill kiln kilometer kindle king kitchen kitchen stove kite knee kneel 劫 2857 1.170 銚 2755 1.323 1.343 鍵 蹴 拐 腎 殺 窯 粁 焚 王 厨 竃 凧 膝 跪 2761 2742 656 2453 1493 1325 2946 2537 255 2152 2617 2139 2461 2745 knot know Korea kudzu 1.260 知 1223 韓 1647 葛 2398 L label labor lack lacquer lad ladder ladle lady lagoon laid waste lake lament lamp [old] lamp lance land land lap lapel lapis lazuli large large goose large hill lass last day of the month lastly late, grow lathe laugh laundry lazy lead (metal) leader leaf leak lean leap learn leather 牒 労 欠 漆 彦 梯 勺 婦 潟 荒 湖 悼 燈 灯 槍 2926 860 466 932 1716 2479 68 1151 2039 488 148 621 2972 165 2516 1.70 陸 1513 1.129 衿 琉 大 鴻 阜 嬢 晦 畢 更 挽 笑 濯 惰 鉛 将 葉 漏 傾 躍 習 革 2623 2557 107 2313 2928 1530 2452 2570 694 2244 938 577 629 794 731 228 1068 1011 1285 574 1893 lecture leech leek lees left leg leg, wooden legitimate wife legs, animal legs, human legs, walking leisure lend length lengthen let it be level levy lewd license licensed quarters lick lid lidded crock lie lie down life lightly lightning bug likeness lily, water limb limit limpid line line line up lineage lined kimono linen liner link up lion lips listen little 講 蛭 韮 糟 左 足 1816 2696 2081 2649 77 1279 1.294 嫡 440 1.34 1.34 1.121 閑 貸 丈 張 爾 均 賦 淫 允 廓 嘗 蓋 1625 1007 691 1921 2074 160 378 2298 765 2235 2870 2388 1.128 詐 1141 寝 1150 生 1555 軽 717 蛍 518 如 100 1.321 肢 714 限 1466 晃 2446 1.236 線 陳 系 袷 布 舶 繋 獅 唇 聴 小 1339 1301 1391 2625 405 1869 2655 2345 2013 827 105 index vi: key words and primitive meanings | 417 livelihood lively liver livestock livraison load local god location lock of hair lock locket lofty logic loins loneliness long long-distance long time longevity [old] longevity longing [old] longing longness look after look back look to loose loosen loquat lord lose lose weight lot lottery lotus lotus blossom lotus flower love lovely lower lowly loyalty lucidity luck, good lull lumber 皐 狂 肺 琶 繁 鹸 暮 活 肝 畜 篇 載 祇 場 232 143 1649 1384 2645 359 2600 545 1.386 錠 383 1.344 尭 理 腰 寂 長 距 久 壽 寿 慾 欲 竪 伽 顧 臨 漫 弛 枇 主 失 痩 譲 籤 蓮 蓉 芙 愛 麗 低 卑 忠 澄 吉 凪 材 2095 265 1605 720 1920 1281 1016 2995 1565 2984 792 2618 2115 1084 854 830 2242 2519 266 845 2577 1529 2082 2360 2362 2361 737 2002 1831 1511 602 1704 320 2140 683 lunar month lunatic lungs lute luxuriant lye 2070 260 414 2913 1337 2867 M mackerel madder red made in… maestro magic wand magistrate magnet mahjong tiles mail mailbox majestic plural make make a deal make a profit make amends make make headway male animal male mallet malt mama man Manchu dynasty mandala mandala mandarin orange mane maneuver manipulate mannerism many many, how map maple tree march marine blue market 鯖 2820 茜 2407 製 419 1.292 1.33 卿 磁 牌 郵 2898 朕 作 商 儲 悛 做 捗 牡 雄 樵 麹 母 男 秦 2027 1390 2873 1847 1.311 1142 439 2118 2059 2132 2269 2552 743 2478 2753 101 859 2877 1.230 曼 2100 橘 2494 1.387 操 掌 癖 多 幾 図 楓 671 801 1691 108 1381 1180 2471 1.141 瑠 2555 市 412 418 | index vi: key words and primitive meanings marketing marquis marriage marrow marry into marsh martyrdom mask masses mat, tatami mate matrimony matter mausoleum me meadow meal measles measurement measuring box measuring cup meat mechanism mediator medicine mediocre meeting meeting melancholy mellow melodious melon melt membrane memorial memorize mend mending mention mercy merit meritorious deed metal metallurgy method metropolis 販 侯 婚 髄 嫁 沼 殉 面 衆 畳 倶 姻 事 陵 僕 原 飯 疹 寸 升 726 1639 1830 1290 542 137 809 1892 1857 1784 2124 584 1156 1518 1794 134 1473 2574 45 42 1.278 肉 機 媒 薬 凡 1022 1382 1761 1736 62 1.106 会 憂 熟 朗 瓜 溶 膜 偲 覚 綴 752 616 310 1469 1877 791 233 2129 325 2073 1.146 述 慈 効 勲 1524 1389 1276 1677 1.111 冶 2137 法 751 都 1846 mid-air migrating ducks mile military officer milk mill millet millimeter mimic mind, state of mineral mingle minstrel mirror mirror miscellaneous miso miss missile mist mistake mistress mix moat mochi model modest moisten moment monk’s cowl monk’s sash monkey monkey monkey, sign of the monme month moo moon mop more and more moreover morning morrow mortar mosaic 宙 1109 1.391 哩 尉 乳 碓 黍 粍 擬 2950 1095 729 2596 2605 2948 1411 1.198 鉱 741 交 1275 伶 2112 1.170 鏡 483 雑 562 噌 2177 喪 1926 1.213 1.33 誤 嬬 混 濠 餅 塑 遜 渥 刹 1899 2203 450 2306 2802 1960 2422 2320 2144 1.80 裟 2701 1.117 猿 403 (申) 469 匁 1027 月 13 牟 2961 1.19 1.275 弥 且 朝 晨 臼 2241 2034 52 2443 2063 1.360 mosquito moss moth mother-in-law mottled mould Mount mountain mountain goat mountain pass mountain stream mountaintop mourning mouse mouth move mow moxa Mr mud mulberry municipality murky muscle muscle mushroom music music, play musical score mustard muster mutually muzzle my son myself mysterious 蚊 苔 蛾 姑 彪 型 岡 山 1728 2356 2694 2205 2876 680 1961 768 1.392 峠 渓 嶺 忌 鼠 口 動 苅 灸 殿 泥 桑 府 暝 773 840 2228 599 2065 11 1676 2387 2538 1805 1055 698 1002 2843 1.234 筋 茸 楽 奏 譜 芥 揃 互 941 2394 1735 1571 1787 2376 2255 757 1.169 倅 2131 俺 2058 玄 1383 N nab nail nail naked name name, family Nara national flag 捉 2260 1.50 釘 裸 名 氏 奈 旗 2766 1124 112 1828 1094 1764 nativity nautical mile navigate navy blue near neck neck and throat need needle needle needle, eye of negate negative neglect neighboring nephew nest nestle netting new newborn babe next nickname niece nifty night nightbreak nightfall nightingale nine nitrate No node Noh chanting noodles nook noon north nose nose nostrils not not yet notebook nothingness notice, put up a 誕 浬 航 紺 近 首 頚 要 393 2951 1870 1758 1129 70 2796 1604 1.18 針 274 否 不 怠 隣 甥 巣 栖 網 新 児 次 号 姪 凄 夜 旦 晩 鴬 九 硝 第 節 謡 麺 隈 午 北 1218 1.73 1217 745 1311 2910 1927 2497 1373 1502 58 471 1242 2201 2133 1037 30 1974 2907 115 1239 1464 1968 2752 2427 568 445 1.28 鼻 678 1.28 勿 1049 未 216 帳 1922 無 1775 掲 673 index vi: key words and primitive meanings | 419 nourishing now nucleus numb number nun 泌 開 沖 又 蘭 勅 令 整 椋 綺 孤 他 須 暴 滋 今 核 萎 数 尼 1388 1587 1520 2355 929 1054 O oak oaken tub oar obeisant obese obey obscure obstacle obvious occasion occupation ocean octopus of offering office, government officer officer, military offspring oil ointment old old boy old Kyoto old man old man, venerable Old West old woman olden times on the verge of once upon a time one oneself one-sided onion only 柏 199 1.363 梶 穆 肪 順 昧 碍 瞭 際 営 洋 蛸 之 献 庁 吏 尉 甫 油 膏 古 君 洛 老 翁 2502 2612 494 129 2445 2592 2582 1296 1034 549 2690 1214 1615 591 693 1095 2097 1107 2923 16 1162 2302 1251 786 1.339 婆 旧 瀕 昔 一 自 片 葱 只 804 35 2305 1184 36 1212 2389 53 ooze open open sea or again orchid order, imperial orders organize Oriental elm ornate orphan other ought outburst outhouse outline outlook outpost outside outskirts outstanding outstretched hands oven fire overall overarching overcome overdo overflow overgrown overhang overjoyed overnight overpowering oversee overthrow overturn owl owl oyster oyster 636 1622 138 696 2363 1667 1401 1670 2474 2667 1879 961 1718 1801 1.226 概 観 站 外 郊 擢 1482 572 2620 111 1844 2272 1.210 1.73 統 昴 克 過 濫 茂 庇 嬉 泊 豪 監 倒 顛 1347 2435 104 1293 1454 360 2236 2207 147 543 1453 980 2789 1.388 梟 2837 1.37 蛎 2697 P pack of wild dogs 1.101 packed 詰 343 paddy ridge 畔 1204 paddy-field ridge 畦 2571 420 | index vi: key words and primitive meanings page pagoda pain paint painting of a deer pair palanquin pale blue palisade panpanther paper paper punch parable parade paragraph parakeet paralysis parcel post parch pardon parent park [alt.] park parking parrot parsley part part of the body partial particularly partition partner parts of speech party pass through paste patent path pathetic patrol patronage pattern paulownia pavilion pay 頁 60 塔 254 痛 1690 塗 1663 1.399 双 輿 蒼 柵 汎 豹 紙 697 2860 2399 2507 2327 2734 1829 1.300 譬 2728 1.140 項 鸚 痺 逓 燥 赦 親 薗 園 駐 鵡 芹 分 82 2830 2579 1858 215 1744 1504 2974 585 1982 2831 2396 781 1.19 偏 殊 頒 侶 詞 党 邁 糊 彰 路 哀 巡 寵 範 桐 亭 払 1823 810 783 2121 1865 797 2970 2650 1715 1282 401 285 2982 1413 204 311 738 pay respects peaceful peach tree peak, mountain pear tree pearl peck at pedestal peek peel off peep Pegasus pelt penal penalty penetrate penitential pennant pent in people pepper, red peregrine falcon perfect performance performing artist perfumed period perish permit persimmon person person in charge persuade perusal petition petting phantasm pheasant philosophy phlegm phoenix phosphorus phrase pick up pick picket 伺 泰 桃 峠 梨 珠 啄 台 覗 剥 窺 1864 1570 236 773 907 258 2168 744 2875 2145 2613 1.193 皮 802 懲 888 罰 833 徹 886 懺 2083 幟 2233 1.196 民 1834 1.323 隼 完 演 伎 芳 期 2879 187 2007 2122 493 1765 1.171 許 柿 人 係 勧 覧 願 撫 幻 雉 哲 痰 鳳 燐 句 拾 採 杭 569 2481 951 1392 864 855 135 2270 1862 2584 1131 2573 2142 2052 65 667 733 2484 pickling picture piebald pierce piety, filial pig iron pigeon piggy bank piglets piled high pillage pillar pillow pinch pine tree pining pinnacle pioneer pipe pit pitch dark pity place place on the head placement placenta plaid plains [old] plains plan plane plank plant plant, rice plantain plantation play play music pleasure pleated skirt pledge plentiful pliable plot plow plow 漬 絵 騨 貫 孝 銑 鳩 1545 1346 2804 102 1253 270 1946 1.187 1.187 堆 2185 掠 2247 柱 268 枕 2472 摘 657 松 785 慕 633 1.296 魁 管 坑 闇 惜 所 頂 置 胞 2924 1273 306 2777 1187 1127 94 832 531 1.356 埜 野 案 削 板 植 稲 芭 栽 遊 奏 愉 袴 契 夥 靭 計 2979 1596 214 118 724 205 910 2386 358 1047 1571 628 2626 1549 2943 2786 337 1.256 鋤 2756 pluck plug plug up plum plump plural, majestic pocket podium poem Point [old] Point pointed poison pole pole, wooden poles polish polite politics pond ponder pongee pony pop song pork port portable portent porter possess possessed post post, parcel posture pot pot, flower potato potato pottery pour poverty power pox practice praise pray 抽 栓 窒 梅 太 朕 懐 壇 詩 嶽 岳 鋭 毒 竿 1106 264 1321 460 120 2027 828 587 346 2987 1330 500 1531 2632 1.85 極 研 諄 政 池 惟 紬 駒 唄 豚 湊 携 兆 1903 675 2706 381 516 2276 2666 1979 2178 538 2309 687 235 1.176 有 憑 職 逓 構 鍋 瓶 79 2428 824 1858 1818 2757 1032 1.346 芋 陶 注 貧 力 痘 練 褒 祈 1655 1966 267 782 858 1684 1343 998 1128 index vi: key words and primitive meanings | 421 precious precious stone precipitous preface prefecture pregnancy present presents press down on pressing pressure prevarication previously price priest, Buddhist princess printing printing block prison private prize proceed proclaim prodigal products profession profit progress prohibition prolong promise promontory -proof property proportion propose prosperous prostrated protect protein proverb provisional provisions prudence pruning public 刊 引 凌 刑 狗 貴 瑶 険 序 県 妊 現 贈 按 逼 圧 詫 既 値 僧 姫 刷 版 獄 私 賞 赴 宣 蕩 産 業 利 晋 禁 延 約 崎 耐 財 割 提 昌 伏 保 蛋 諺 仮 糧 慮 剪 公 1771 2553 1672 1594 513 507 259 503 2259 2420 152 2718 1481 978 982 849 1069 1213 338 publish pull pull through punish pup pup tent pupil puppet pure purification purple purple willow purse pursue pus push put in put up a notice puzzle 902 188 2357 1560 1792 906 2436 1098 392 1362 778 1164 682 1553 665 25 962 997 2683 quack quaff quake quandary quantity quarrel quarter quasiqueen query question quick quickwitted quiet quill quire quit quiver quote 2723 1996 2941 784 679 2341 1.353 瞳 437 1.291 清 斎 紫 楊 1539 1732 1375 2473 1.363 逐 539 膿 2455 押 1114 1.223 掲 673 1.256 薮 呑 震 困 量 嘩 2403 2080 2010 579 177 2160 1.283 准 妃 訊 問 速 怜 静 翰 帖 罷 560 527 2713 1617 1669 2278 1540 2780 2231 2032 1.138 云 2102 R 966 926 1232 2136 Q 796 386 1650 rabbit rabbit racoon dog radiance 1.394 兎 2093 狸 2338 輝 302 422 | index vi: key words and primitive meanings raft rag railing rain rainbow raise rake ram, sign of the range rank rapidly rapids rare rat, sign of the rather ratio rattan box raw cotton ray rereach out read reality reap rebellion rebuke rebuttal receipt receive receptacle recess recitation reclining recollection recommend record recreation recruit rectify red red pepper redaction reed reef refined reflect 筏 2629 1.259 堵 2192 雨 422 虹 520 挙 1938 1.274 (未) 404 域 356 位 955 疾 1686 瀬 1666 珍 1723 (子) 404 寧 834 率 1737 箪 2631 棉 2512 光 119 戻 1081 及 688 読 348 実 1572 刈 1488 叛 2902 諭 352 駁 2808 1.312 享 308 托 2264 憩 611 詠 345 1.164 憶 薦 録 娯 募 矯 赤 632 2000 1144 1898 861 1221 1743 1.323 纂 2641 荻 242 礁 558 精 1535 映 1742 reformation refreshing refulgent regiment register regularity reign reinforce reject rejoice relatives relax reliant religion remainder remains remonstrate remorse remote remove rend renowned reparation repast repay repeatedly repel repent report repose reprehend repress repudiate reputation request research resemblance resentment reserved reside residence resign resin resist respect respect for elders 改 涼 灼 隊 簿 秩 治 輔 斥 喜 戚 安 依 宗 残 骸 諌 憾 悠 撤 破 著 償 餐 酬 頻 拒 悔 報 靖 咎 抑 排 誉 求 究 肖 恨 虔 居 邸 辞 528 313 2544 1306 949 903 746 2730 1138 1445 2882 190 971 1100 808 2874 2708 631 958 760 806 1258 985 2798 1432 373 857 625 1507 2621 2156 1700 1634 1939 934 1320 114 1460 2868 1063 1841 1497 1.326 抵 1832 恭 1803 悌 2283 respects, pay responsibility rest restore resucitate resurrect retainer retch retreat return revelation revered review revile revise revolve rhinoceros rhyme rhythm ri rib rice rice, grains of rice bran rice field rice-field footpath rice gruel rice plant rice seedling riddle ride ridge, paddy ridgepole ridicule right righteousness rin ring rinse riot rise up rising cloud of rising sun risk ritual river 伺 任 休 復 甦 蘇 臣 嘔 退 返 告 尊 閲 蔑 訂 転 犀 韻 律 里 肋 米 1864 1003 965 875 2940 2380 848 2999 1465 725 247 1439 1618 2390 339 420 2069 481 874 173 2463 919 1.242 糠 2652 田 14 畷 2072 粥 2243 稲 910 1.325 謎 乗 畔 棟 慢 右 義 厘 環 洒 乱 昇 2709 1585 1204 505 829 78 641 178 836 2292 72 43 1.155 旭 27 冒 18 祭 1102 河 146 index vi: key words and primitive meanings river pool rivet road road-way roast rob robust roc rocksalt rocky rocky beach rod romance roof roofbeam room roost root roots rope rope, straw rose of Sharon rot rotation rough seas round rouse route row rowboat rowing rub rubbing rubbish rudder rue rugged mountains rule ruled lines rumble run run alongside rush rush mat rust 瀞 2323 鋲 2763 1.118 道 277 煎 2548 奪 566 壮 321 鵬 2829 鹵 2866 嵯 2230 磯 2594 棒 1575 恋 1748 屋 1058 梁 2299 室 754 棲 2496 根 1461 1.267 1.35 縄 舜 腐 旋 灘 丸 起 途 並 艇 漕 抹 摺 屑 舵 慨 崚 則 罫 轟 走 沿 馳 菰 錆 1377 2915 1023 1046 2321 44 526 1661 1785 1876 1175 644 2258 2219 2674 1483 2225 88 2698 2729 384 795 2805 2383 2771 rustling rut 颯 2619 軌 288 S saber saber sack sacred Shinto tree sacrifice sacrifice, animal sad saddle saddle straps safeguard sagacious sail saké salad salarium salary saliva salmon salt salutation salvation same samurai sand sandalwood sandwiched sane Sanskrit ka sapience sapling sardine sash sated savings saw say sayeth saying scaffold scale scaled scar 1.83 剣 袋 榊 犠 牲 悲 鞍 鞘 護 俊 帆 酒 1671 1006 2490 643 1559 1635 2782 2784 700 1014 406 1428 1.279 禄 給 唾 鮭 塩 礼 救 同 2602 1349 2165 2815 1458 1087 936 180 1.129 砂 檀 挟 康 迦 叡 117 2525 1267 1159 2959 2905 3.19 鰯 2813 帯 415 飽 1480 貯 194 1.272 言 曰 335 578 1.134 桟 367 1.400 鱗 2054 痕 2578 scarecrow scarf, top hat and scarlet scatter scenery scheme school, cram schoolhouse scissors scissors scold score, musical scorn scorpion scout scrapbook scratch screw screwdriver scribe scroll scroll, hanging scurry sea sea, open sea bream seacoast seagull seal search seasons seat seaweed second secrecy secret secret agent section sedge sediment seduce see seedling seep seethe seize | 423 1.334 1.150 緋 2659 散 1189 景 314 策 948 塾 309 1.130 1.292 鋏 2773 叱 2179 譜 1787 侮 989 1.181 哨 2154 1.370 掻 2252 螺 2691 1.279 記 巻 幅 趨 海 沖 鯛 浜 鴎 封 捜 季 席 藻 秒 密 秘 諜 部 菅 澱 召 見 苗 滲 沸 獲 529 1207 407 2086 461 138 2812 1332 2828 156 1120 912 1193 2035 899 775 904 2726 1845 2410 2300 86 57 234 2291 1237 701 424 | index vi: key words and primitive meanings self self-effacing sell semisend back send off sensitive sentence separate sequential set set aside set free set straight settlement settlings seven severance sew sex shade shadow shake shaku shakuhachi Shakyamuni Buddha shallow shalt shame shape shape shark sharp sharp point shave sheaf sheep sheet of sheik shelf shelf shellfish shells shield shift 己 謙 売 準 還 送 恕 文 別 循 据 措 放 匡 納 粕 七 断 縫 性 陰 影 振 尺 525 1600 323 564 837 2016 2434 1725 90 1854 1064 1188 496 2892 1356 2648 1136 1563 1558 1592 1712 2011 1070 1.262 陀 2955 浅 369 莫 2105 恥 823 1.354 形 鮫 冴 尖 剃 1711 2821 2134 2903 2146 1.321 羊 枚 547 332 3.14 1.364 棚 貝 202 54 1.37 盾 1853 移 898 shimmering 耀 2880 shin 脛 2989 shingling 葺 2392 shining 昭 87 shins 脚 1396 Shinto shrine 宮 1033 ship 船 1874 shire 庄 2238 shirk 遁 2416 shish kebab 串 603 shoes 靴 1894 shoeshine 3.14 shoot 1.267 shoot 射 1249 shop [alt.] 鋪 2975 shop 舗 1839 short 短 1442 should 筈 2646 shoulder 肩 1077 shouldering 担 668 shout 叫 1508 shove 挨 2248 shovel 1.276 show 示 1086 shredder 1.258 shrimp 蝦 2689 shrine, Shinto 宮 1033 shrink 縮 1336 shrouded 掩 2057 sickle 鎌 1599 sickness 1.350 side 側 975 side gate 閤 2776 sides of the 吻 2174 mouth sideways 横 1751 siesta 1.163 sieve 1.275 sigh 嘆 1579 sign of the bird 酉 1427 sign of the cow 丑 2040 sign of the dog (戌) 469 sign of the dragon 辰 2008 sign of the hare 卯 2041 sign of the hog 亥 1519 sign of the horse (午) 404 sign of the monkey (申) 404 sign of the ram (未) 404 sign of the rat (子) 404 sign of the snake 巳 2042 sign of the tiger 寅 2006 signature 署 1259 signpost 標 1608 silage 1.335 silence 黙 240 silicon 珪 2564 silk 絹 1368 silkworm 蚕 523 silver 1.317 silver 銀 1459 silverware 1.319 similar 似 1029 simple 単 1928 simplicity 簡 1621 sincerity 誠 363 single 独 522 sink 沈 1888 Sino漢 1578 sire 紳 1361 sister, elder 姉 413 sister, younger 妹 220 sit 座 1024 sitting in 坐 2844 meditation sitting on the 1.161 ground six skeleton sketch skill skin skirt skirt, grass skunk slacken slander slap slaughter slave slave sled 六 骨 1288 描 670 技 712 膚 1992 裳 800 1.327 1.394 緩 誹 撲 劉 1952 2724 1793 2143 1.233 隷 2036 橇 2521 sleep sleeve slender slender bamboo sliding door slingshot slip out slippery slope slow sly small bell small craft smash smoke snake snake snake, sign of the snapping turtle snapshot snare snore snow so-and-so soar so-called sociable soft soil soldier solely solemn solicit solitude solution somebody someone son song soot soothe sorceress sort sort of thing soul sound 眠 袖 繊 篠 襖 1835 1108 1790 2639 2627 1.289 抜 滑 坂 遅 猾 鈴 艘 砕 煙 705 1289 723 1067 2335 1406 2068 116 1612 1.183 蛇 519 巳 2042 鼈 3000 撮 822 1.288 鼾 雪 某 翔 謂 懇 軟 土 兵 唯 粛 請 淋 答 身 者 郎 歌 煤 宥 巫 類 然 魂 音 2944 1143 1759 2933 2725 1970 470 150 1331 556 1733 1536 2310 947 1248 1256 1851 469 2541 2210 2930 931 241 2021 479 index vi: key words and primitive meanings | 425 soup source souse south southeast sovereign sow sowing soy sauce span [old] span spare time spark sparkle sparkler sparrow sparse spatula speaketh spear special specialty species specimen speckled speech speech, parts of sphere spicy spike spin a tale spinal column spindle spindle tree spine spinning spiny spirit spirits spit splash splendor split split up spoils spoke 催 汁 140 源 142 潅 2314 南 1613 巽 2861 帝 435 1.186 蒔 醤 亙 亘 暇 2395 2746 2985 32 1882 1.58 晶 22 1.357 雀 2878 稀 2611 箆 2633 申 1117 1.286 特 246 専 46 種 1679 鑑 1455 斑 2556 1.134 詞 1865 圏 1208 辛 1496 1.50 噺 脊 錘 柾 呂 紡 梗 気 霊 吐 沫 華 裂 訣 捷 輻 2176 2071 1584 2489 24 1357 2498 1885 1791 151 218 1581 813 2714 2273 2731 sponsor spool spoon spot sprain spray spread spring springtime sprinkle sprout spy squad squared jewel squeeze St Bernard dog stab stagnate stalk stalwart stamen stammer stamp stamp stand up standard standstill staple gun staples star star-anise stare start starve state state of mind stately station stationary statue stature status status quo steadily steal stealth 987 1.214 匕 点 挫 溌 敷 泉 春 撒 444 169 2845 2307 1883 133 1568 2271 1.267 偵 981 班 1229 圭 155 搾 1324 1.56 突 滞 茎 毅 蕊 吃 1319 416 715 2889 2393 2175 1.308 印 1425 立 431 規 841 逗 2423 1.376 1.313 星 樒 眺 孟 餓 州 1556 2532 237 2872 1476 128 1.198 凛 駅 箋 像 背 格 状 漸 盗 窃 2138 1984 2991 1977 446 292 239 1135 1451 1322 426 | index vi: key words and primitive meanings steam steed steel steep step stern stew sticky stiff stimulate stinking stipend stirred up stitching stocks stole stomach stone stop stop short store storehouse storm story straddle straightaway strainer strand strange strangle stratum straw straw man straw raincoat straw rope strawberry stream stream, mountain street streetwalker strengthen stretch stretcher strict strike string 蒸 駿 鋼 峻 踏 厳 烹 粘 硬 促 臭 俸 奮 1900 2060 1962 2061 1287 1936 2549 921 695 1280 122 1574 565 3.17 株 袈 胃 石 止 已 店 蔵 嵐 階 跨 直 濾 渚 奇 絞 層 藁 222 2700 29 113 370 2937 588 850 777 1309 2744 73 2328 1263 126 1348 1065 2400 1.282 蓑 2354 縄 1377 苺 2350 川 127 渓 840 丁 91 3.16 彊 2240 1.148 駕 2803 堅 853 打 653 紐 2661 stripe strong strong saké strung together strung together stubborn study stuff up stumble stupid sturdy sturdy oak style subjugate submerge submit subscription substance substitute suck suckling infant sue suffering sugar suit of armor suitable sulfur sultry sumac summarize summer summit [alt.] summit summons sun sun, rising sunflower Sung dynasty sunglasses sunglasses with one lens out sunshine superfluous superintend supinate supplement 縞 2671 強 1235 醇 2751 1.367 聯 頑 学 填 躓 痴 剛 橿 式 征 潜 供 購 質 代 吸 嬰 訟 苦 糖 鎧 適 硫 暑 樗 纏 夏 峯 峰 聘 2676 61 324 2190 2740 1683 1964 2509 353 881 844 1796 1817 1137 1005 689 2193 787 225 1158 2076 441 763 1260 2526 2663 296 2977 1562 2678 1.19 旭 27 1.24 宋 2215 1.229 1.257 陽 冗 宰 臥 補 1300 300 1499 2909 1840 suppose surface surname surpass surplus surround sushi suspend suspicious sūtra swallow swamp sweat sweep sweet sweet oak sweet potato sweet smelt sweets swell swift swim swing swirling waters sword sword’s point symmetrically patterned sympathize with symptoms synthesis system 存 表 姓 越 剰 囲 鮨 懸 怪 経 燕 沢 汗 掃 甘 椎 藷 鮎 飴 膨 迅 泳 揺 洵 刀 鋒 斐 憐 症 綜 制 684 1546 1557 387 1586 1807 2826 1394 716 1360 2869 1072 1651 1152 1757 2505 2402 2817 2801 1719 280 136 1967 2290 83 2768 2897 2051 1685 2660 418 T table tag tail tail feathers tailor take take along tale Talking Cricket tall tame T’ang 1.315 札 212 尾 1915 1.386 裁 取 連 話 397 819 287 344 1.392 高 307 馴 2807 唐 1157 index vi: key words and primitive meanings tariff task taskmaster tassel tatami mat tax tea teach teacup team of horses teardrops tears technique [old] technique teenager teepee tempering temple, Buddhist temple grove temporarily tempt ten ten thousand [old] ten thousand tenacious tender tenderness tendril tenebrous tense terminate test testicle texture Thanksgiving thatching thick thigh thin thing think third class thirst this this here 租 1778 務 1227 1.132 房 畳 税 茶 教 碗 1078 1784 895 252 1254 2591 1.396 泪 2294 涙 1082 藝 2352 芸 421 1.54 1.353 錬 2030 寺 158 杜 2500 暫 1134 唆 766 十 10 萬 万 執 柔 優 蔓 黎 緊 鞠 試 睾 肌 2969 64 1506 1226 993 2359 2935 1374 2787 354 2929 66 1.139 苫 厚 股 淡 物 思 丙 渇 斯 此 2397 125 2454 164 1050 605 1020 451 2890 2043 thong thorn thornbush thou thousand thread threaten three throat throw thunder thwart ticket tide tie ties tiger tiger tiger, sign of the tight tighten tile till timber-trees time time, spare -times tin tin can tinker with tinkling tired tobacco together toil token tolerant tomb tomb sanctuary tombstone tome ton tongue tongue wagging in mouth too much 緒 刺 棘 汝 千 糸 脅 三 喉 投 雷 阻 券 潮 結 絆 1344 417 2938 2303 40 1333 871 2164 706 425 1780 1206 141 1351 2658 1.397 虎 寅 窄 締 瓦 耕 樹 時 暇 回 錫 缶 弄 玲 疲 莨 共 努 符 寛 墳 廟 碑 冊 噸 舌 1990 2006 2614 1340 1031 1808 1446 159 1882 586 2764 1965 2558 2568 1688 2347 1795 865 1001 226 1198 2239 1512 1826 2949 41 1.19 余 1657 tool tool tooth top hat top hat and scarf topic torch tortoise torture touch tough towel towel tower town toy track down tracks tracks, animal trade traffic training tranquilize transcend transcription transit transition translate translucent transmit transparent transport tray tread treasure tree tree trunk treetops tremendously tribe tribute triceps trickle trifle trim trip | 427 1.44 具 歯 74 1171 1.125 1.150 題 389 炬 2536 亀 534 拷 1255 接 672 逞 2971 1.152 巾 閣 村 玩 辿 跡 2101 1624 208 2567 2413 1746 1.385 貿 通 稽 鎮 超 疏 渡 遷 訳 亮 伝 透 輸 盤 践 宝 木 幹 梢 甚 族 貢 1424 1408 2088 276 385 2922 1195 1610 1073 2920 963 915 289 1872 1286 257 195 1654 201 1768 1222 81 1.236 雫 僅 薙 旅 2778 2116 2353 1048 428 | index vi: key words and primitive meanings tripod triumph trouble trout true trunk trunk, tree truss trust tryst tub, oaken tucked under the arm tug tumor tuna tune turf turkey turkey house/coop turn turn into turnip turret turtle tusk twenty twig twine twinkle twirl twist two two hands two-mat area tyrannize 鼎 凱 悩 鱒 真 胴 幹 縛 頼 逢 2865 2077 1935 2814 75 182 1654 1376 1665 2417 1.363 1.211 牽 腫 鮪 調 芝 2550 2467 2816 349 1216 1.190 1.192 番 1909 成 361 蕪 2401 櫓 2508 1.100 牙 廿 条 綸 燿 撚 糾 二 1904 1190 298 2656 2534 2266 1509 1.208 坪 1486 虐 1998 U ugly umbrella umbrella ununcivilized uncle uncommon undefiled 醜 2020 1.115 傘 非 胡 叔 異 潔 1026 1632 2470 718 1797 1548 understandably undertake undress uneasiness unfold unhulled rice United States universal unlucky unravel until unusual upbraid upbringing upright upside down in a row urge urine use usual Utamaro utensil utilize utmost 尤 企 脱 虞 展 籾 2087 375 498 1995 1925 2651 1.242 普 厄 解 迄 変 嚇 躾 貞 1786 1415 1814 2421 1745 2026 2942 55 1.366 迫 282 尿 1053 使 990 常 799 麿 2894 器 121 用 1181 最 821 V v v.i.p vague valentine valley value valve vapor various vase vast vat vegetable vegetable patch vehicle vein vendetta venerable old man venison 伍 2967 賓 511 漠 230 1.198 谷 788 価 1603 弁 742 汽 1886 諸 1261 1.158 弘 1234 槽 1176 菜 734 圃 2918 1.120 脈 1856 讐 2707 翁 786 宍 2216 verification verify vermilion versify vertical vessels vestiges vicarious vicevictory vie villa village villain vine vinegar violate violent violet virtuous vis-à-vis viscera visit visit a shrine voice voiced void volume vow vulgar vulture 験 諒 朱 吟 縦 隻 蹟 摂 副 勝 競 荘 町 凶 蔦 酢 姦 激 菫 善 対 腑 参 詣 声 濁 虚 積 誓 俗 1980 2710 221 1589 1338 699 2743 1739 89 1209 434 322 92 1490 1945 1434 2194 497 2099 1035 1726 2456 1720 2715 1896 835 1993 1543 1133 968 1.216 W wagging tongue in a mouth wagon wait waiter waitress walk walking legs walking stick wall wall wand, magic wandering 1.19 1.120 待 侍 879 976 1.320 歩 371 1.121 1.27 1.219 壁 1500 1.32 浪 1470 index vi: key words and primitive meanings war ward ward off wardrobe warehouse warm warmth warped warrior warship wash waste, laid watch over watchfire watchtower water water, hot water lily water’s edge waterfall waver waves wax Way weak wealth wealth weather weather vane weave wee hours week weekday welcome welfare well well finished west West, Old wet whale wharf what wheat wheel wherefore 戦 区 防 笥 庫 温 暖 歪 武 艦 洗 荒 看 燎 楼 水 湯 1929 1696 1302 2635 589 1452 1949 2862 377 1875 249 488 638 2535 930 130 546 1.321 汀 滝 猶 波 蝋 迪 弱 2312 537 1438 803 2688 2412 1236 1.49 富 193 1.156 1.35 織 宵 週 曜 迎 祉 井 婉 西 1334 189 318 576 1702 1091 1806 2197 1602 1.339 潤 1627 鯨 315 埠 2189 何 1012 1.239 輪 1822 由 1105 whetstone whey whip whirlpool whirlwind whiskey bottle whisper whit white white bird who whole wholesale wick wicked wicker basket wide widespread widow wife wife, legitimate wild dogs, pack of wild duck wild goose wild mulberry willow wilt wince wind wind winding window windpipe wing wings wink winnow winnowing fan winter wipe wisdom wish wisteria witch with child withdraw 砺 醍 鞭 渦 2595 2747 2783 1292 1.125 1.313 囁 2157 些 2046 白 37 1.28 誰 全 卸 芯 邪 2712 263 1397 2368 1906 1.361 広 739 汜 2301 寡 617 妻 1889 嫡 440 1.101 鴨 雁 柘 柳 凋 怯 2835 2150 2517 1421 2135 2275 1.35 風 524 繰 1369 窓 749 咽 2159 翼 1798 1.194 瞬 簸 箕 冬 拭 智 念 藤 魔 娠 控 wither within within my ability without exception withstand wolf woman woman, beautiful womb wonder wood wooden bowl wooden hammer wooden ladle wooden leg wooden pestle wooden pole wooden spoon wool word words work work a field world wormwood worship wound wrap wrenching wretched write writing brush 2254 1224 1590 1210 2022 2012 1318 206 2900 2173 2430 1770 2339 98 1950 748 1987 1.85 椀 2487 槌 2477 杓 2510 1.254 杵 2503 1.85 匙 2891 1.189 語 347 1.134 働 佃 界 蓬 拝 傷 包 捻 惨 書 筆 1678 2111 251 2375 1564 996 530 2251 1721 327 943 什 2968 Y 2647 427 枯 於 叶 悉 堪 狼 女 媛 胎 驚 X x 817 2643 | 429 yam Yamato yarn yawn year year-end yearn yell yellow 薯 2365 倭 2106 1.308 1.166 年 歳 憧 喚 黄 1036 512 2280 1042 1750 430 | index vi: key words and primitive meanings yesterday yield yonder young young miss younger brother 昨 1140 younger sister 屈 1060 向 183 若 223 姐 2206 弟 1240 妹 220 Z zelkova Zen zero zoo 槻 2527 禅 1930 零 1402 1.149 [...]... commonplace [ 13] 2129 memorial r-24 23 person think [11] 偲 major primitive elements 【亻】 冫几刂勹 2 130 | 27 脩 dried meat r-2852 person walking stick taskmaster meat [11] 2 131 倅 my son r -30 51 person graduate [10] 2 132 做 make do r -31 37 person happenstance [11] The key word combines the meanings of the character for make 作 (1.1142) and 為 do (1.1918) 冫ice 2 133 nifty r- 239 0 凄 ice wife [10] 2 134 sharp... actually 兔, but the abbreviation in this frame has, with the support of its listing in the first jis list, come to take over Note that the primitive for rabbit 髪 (1, page 39 4) differs again from both of these by lacking the final stroke To distinguish the first drop of from the last, you might think of the rabbit’s long ears and short tail 22 | remembering the kanji 3 2094 est r-2770 也 This is the element... familiar to you as primitive elements The only thing you need to learn now is the meaning they take as kanji—not always the same as the meaning assigned them as primitives Try to relate the two meanings together if this causes confusion 2090 grab r-2565 采 vulture tree [8] We already met this combination in the characters 採, 菜, and 彩 (1. 733 , 734 , 1714) 2091 a r -31 43 或 mouth floor fiesta [8] This... [7] The sense of this key word is broad enough to include “bright,” “clear,” and “on one’s toes.” 2 135 wilt r-2766 凋 ice circumference [10] 2 136 pull through r- 235 3 ice rice-seedling walking legs [10] 凌 28 | remembering the kanji 3 2 137 亻【冫几刂】勹 冶 metallurgy r-2654 ice pedestal [7] 2 138 凛 stately r -30 45 ice -times altar [15] 几 wind 2 139 凧 kite r -31 05 wind towel [5] 2140 凪 lull r -31 04... a volume that would aim at raising proficiency to the level of 3, 000 kanji, based on the methods of vols 1 and 2 of Remembering the Kanji The present book is the result of our combined efforts The initial decision to aim at a list of 3, 000 characters was not based on any established measure of “upper-level proficiency,” but simply out of the need for some parameters within which to begin working As the. .. and 3 Index iii arranges all the kanji from all 3 volumes in order of strokes Indexes iv and v contain cumulative lists of all the Chinese (on) and Japanese (kun) readings for all the kanji treated in all 3 volumes Finally, Index vi is a comprehensive list of all the key words and primitive meanings appearing in vols 1 and 3 Parts One and Two follow, respectively, the methods of vols 1 and 2 of Remembering. .. of the key word is boring a hole into something break 2067 r -30 43 毀 mortar soil missile [ 13] small craft 2068 r- 238 3 艘 boat mortar walking stick crotch [15] ™ I Ching 髙 The appearance of this element looks enough like one of the combinations used in the Chinese Book of Changes, the I Ching, to give us a meaning for this element Note that there is always something that comes between the. .. editions The misprints that had slipped in along the way, thanks again to alert readers, have been periodically corrected in later printings For the rest I have let the books stand as they are, reckoning that their unpolished edges encourage the very kind of participation that makes them work in the first place The one most common request that has haunted me over the years has been for a supplementary volume. .. names The darkened areas represent the first two groups of kanji checked for inclusion in the present volume: The next problem was how to sift through the remaining kanji to reach a total of 3, 000 The solution consisted in overlaying a completely new system of classification that has taken the world of Chinese characters by storm since the time of the frequency studies 1978 marks a watershed in the story... complications to the computerization of the kanji in Japan, often masquerading in the robes of scholarly objectivity Indeed, the more voracious the popular appetite for computer access to kanji becomes, the more these issues come to the fore The Ministry of Education, for example, which seems to have felt slighted by the designers of the new computer standards, still makes no mention of the jis’s existence ... Meanings 30 9 31 8 32 3 33 8 35 7 404 Preface Tanya Sienko When I first contacted Dr Heisig with a proposal to add a third volume to Remembering the Kanji, I somehow left the impression that it was my rather... for a volume that would aim at raising proficiency to the level of 3, 000 kanji, based on the methods of vols and of Remembering the Kanji The present book is the result of our combined efforts The. .. 284 字 100+ x 6 53 31–100 x 636 9 30 x 707 1–8 x 1, 133 supplement 177 } 3, 505字 For a fuller account of these confl icts, see special issues of『しにか』dealing with 漢字と コンピュータ [Kanji and the computer],