Tuyển tập 20 năm đề thi olympic 30 tháng 4 địa lý 11 phạm thị trâm

910.76 T527T BAN TO CHLTC Kl TUYEN TAP [Ha N o NHA XUAT BAN DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI THI BAN TO C H U C Kl T H I TUYEN TAP, NAM fj CE)G Ha N o i DE THI NHA XUAT BAN DAI HOt^D^DIA HA NOI Ki thi Olympic 30 thang S6 Giao due va Dao tao, Tradng Trung hoc thong Chuyen Le Hong Phong Thanh Ho Chi Minh to chufc da diln duoc 19 ki (1995 - 2013) Ki thi da nhan di/dc sU tin cay va hdp tac cua cac tracing Trung hoc thong chuyen cac tinh phi'a Nam cung nhu cac trudng Trung hpc thong cua Thanh Ho Chf Minh Nham giup giao vien c6 them tai lieu tham khao viec boi duSng, ren luyen nang khieu cho hpc sinh gioi va giup cac em hpc sinh CO tai iieu tu nang cao kien thufc, nhOfng nam qua Ban To chC/c ki thi da phoi hpp v6i Nha xuat ban Giao due va Nha xuat ban Dai hpc Stf Pham xuat ban bp sach Tuyen tap de thi Olympic 30 thang 4" hang nam Bp sach da dUdc su ung hp cua cac thay giao, c6 giao va cac em hpc sinh De nang cao chat lapng cua bp sach, nam hpc 2014, cac giao vien cua Trudng Trung hpc thong Chuyen Le Hong Phong Thanh Ho Chi Minh da tuyen chpn cac de thi chinh thijfc va cac de thi de nghj cua cac tru6ng tham gia 19 ki thi Olympic vC/a qua bp "Tuyen tap 20 nam de thi Olympic 30 thang 4" Bp sach gom 15 cuon lien quan den mon hpc: Toan, Vat If, Hoa hpc, Sinh hpc Van hpc, Ljch sCf, Dia If, Tieng Anh Gidi thieu bp sach nay, chung toi ton trpng npi dung, ket cau va dap an hoac hudng dSn giai cua cac trudng de nghj Chung toi mong nhan dUdc siJ dong gop cua quy thay c6 va cac em hpc sinh de bp sach se hoan chinh hdn, cho Ian tai ban sau T M B A N T O CHLfC K I T H I H I E U TRUCJNG TRI/CJNG T H P T C H U Y E N L E H O N G PHONG, TP H O C H I M I N H VO ANH DUNG •HAN I: C A C D E THI CHINH THU^C A D E THI DE THI NAM 1998 Cau 1: Hiep hoi cac nUdc Dong Nam A (ASEAN) a) Trinh bay s\l lap va muc tieu cua Hiep hoi Cac niidfc Dong Nam A (ASEAN) b) Cho biet nhiJng diem giong ve mat lich suf va dia l i cua cac nifdrc vien khoi c) Neu nhCJng thuan Itfi va thach thufc dat doi vdi nLfdrc ta k h i gia nhap ASEAN Cau 2: a) Qud trinh hien dai ho^ cong nghiep va nong nghiep cua Trung Qudc dien nhii the nao? Ket qua sao? b) Viet Nam c6 the rut bai hoc gi cho minh sau th^nh cong cua Trung Quoc? Cau 3: "Van de Quoc te hoa toan cau va khu viTc la mot nhuTng xu hiTdng quan cua s\i phat trien kinh te - xa hoi the gidri nay" a) Hay chufng minh nhan dinh tren b) Phan tich nhCfng ccf h6i mdi cua Viet Nam triTdrc ngifSng cufa cua nhuCng nam 2000 Cau 4: a) Hay ve bieu ccf cau lao dong theo nganh va t i le dong gop cua cac nganh GDP cua Hoa K i theo bang so lieu sau day: Nam 1992 Cd cau lao dpng (Ban vi: %) T i I f dong gop G D P Dich vu: 75,5 Dich vu: 72,5 Cong nghiep: 22,5 Cong nghiep: 24,5 Nong nghiep: 2,0 Nong nghiep: 3,0 b) Rut cac nhan xet qua bieu tren C a u 5: a) Dien vao cac diem cham tren lirgfc Hoa K i ten cac th^nh b) Difa vao li/grc do, em hay t r i n h bay cau true dia hinh cua Hoa K i L t f d C DO T U N H I E N HOA K I Dong bang Cao nguyen Niii DETHINAM1999 C a u 1: Phan tich nhiJng yeu to ccf ban da giiip Nhat Ban khoi phuc nen kinh te ttf dong tro tan nat sau Chien tranh the gidfi thuT H de trd mot sieu ci/dng kinh te ciia the gidi Cau 2: "Xu hiidrng quoc te hoa nen k i n h te the gidi 1^ dong lUc de phat trien k i n h te - xa h o i cua the gidi h i e n nay" a) Giai t h i c h the nao la xu hirdrng qudc te hoa? b) NhuTng bieu h i e n cua xu hiTdng nay? c) L i e n he thifc te V i e t N a m (neu cac v i du cu the) C a u 3: T r i n h bay ve sir t h a y doi k h o n g gian san xuat cua cong nghiep va nong nghiep Hoa K i Nguyen n h a n cua sii t h a y doi C a u 4: Dtfa vao ccf cau G N P dLfdi day cua Hoa K i va A n Do (So lieu n a m 1995), hay ve bieu va r u t r a n h a n xet GNP Nong Cong Dich vu (ti U S D ) n g h i e p (%) n g h i e p (%) (%) Hoam 6982 2,1 25,6 72,3 A n Do 311,5 33,0 27,0 40,0 Quoc gia C a u 5: L L f d C DO T U N H I E N PHAP a) Qua lifcfc ni/drc Phap, hay xdc dinh ten cdc ntfdc va cac vung bien ma Phap tiep giap (theo cac k i hieu so 1, 2, 3, ) b) Hay ghi ten cac song (theo k i hieu I , H , H I , ) c) Hay t r i n h bay sd li/dc cau true dia hinh cua Phap (theo k i hieu chijf cai A, B, C, ) d) Hay cho biet ngfin gon nhiJng yeu to nao la the manh cua vung kinh te doc thung lung song Ron cua Phap? e) Chieu hifdng di chuyen cua dan ctr Phap tCf viing ngoai la nhufng nguyen nhan n^o? DE THI NAM 2000 C a u 1: Quo'c te hoa toan cau va khu V L T C la mot nhOfng xu htfdng quan nhat cua sir phat trien kinh te - xa hoi hien Em hay cho biet: a) Nguyen nhan va bieu hien cua quoc te hoa? b) Anh htfofng cua quoc te hoa doi vdi cong cuoc doi mdi va xay difng nen k i n h te d nUdc ta? c) Viet Nam da va se lam gi de tham gia vao xu hiTdng quoc te hoa hifin nay? C a u 2: a) SiJ cong ve kinh te cua cac nifdc cong nghiep mdi chau A nhijtng nhan to nao? b) Bai hoc kinh nghiem doi vdi ni/dc ta tii sii cong n^y? C a u 3: a) Lien ket khu viTc mang lai nhijCng Idi ich kinh te gi? b) Cho vi du khdi NAFTA C a u 4: Diia vao bang so lieu sau day, hay ve bieu the hien t i le so ngiM c6 viec lam so vori lut liidng lao dong cua moi quoc gia v^ neu nhan xet L i f e Itfofng l a o d p n g - S o ngtfofi thsi't n g h i ^ p n S m 1995 Nifdc Lvfc Ivtdng l a o d p n g S o ngifofi t h a t n g h i # p In-do-ne-xi-a 86,36 6,25 Ma-lai-xi-a 8,40 0,22 Mi-an-ma 20,49 2,90 Phi-lip-pin 23,00 6,33 Thai Lan 33,00 0,42 Xin-ga-po 1,75 0,05 C a u 5: Ll/aC DO NHAT BAN a) Qua \Mc Nhat Ban, em hay xdc dinh ten cua cac trung tam cong nghiep dong tau ndi tieng b) Hay xac dinh ten va vi t r i cua hai th^nh of Nhat Ban da bi tham hoa cua bom nguyen tijf dau tien tren the gidri c) Hay ghi lai chufc nfing kinh te cua cac cong nghiep c6 tren li/tfc thuoc dao H6n-su D E T H I N A M 2001 C a u 1: Tai ngi/ofi ta cho rang: "Hien cac ni/drc phat trien da giau lai cang giau them, c^c nifdrc dang phat trien da ngheo lai cang ngheo hon? C a u 2: a) Ve bieu mien the hien SLT thay doi ccf cau tdng san pham ni/drc cua Viet Nam thcfi k i 1985 - 1997 (Bern vi: %) 32,5 Dich vu 27,3 Cong nghi$p va xay dijfng 40,2 Nong, lam, thuy san 1985 Nam 1989 42,1 22,9 35,0 1991 1993 40,5 29,9 28,9 23,8 41,2 35,7 1995 28,4 30,0 41,6 1996 27,2 30,7 42,1 1997 26,2 31,2 42,6 b) Nhan xet va giai thich sii thay doi C a u 3: Trinh bay qua t r i n h phat trien kinh te cua Hoa K i tCf nam 1782 den (neu dac diem, nguyen nhan cua tiftig giai doan) Phan tlch nguyen nhan cua giai doan tuf nam 1990 den C a u 4: Neu ten cac dap khu kinh te cua Trung Qudc Vai tro cua cac dac khu kinh te cua Trung Qudc? Co the rut dLfgfc kinh nghiem gi cho n\Xdc ta tCr cong cuoc hien dai hoa ciia Trung Qudc? 10 DE THI NAM 2002 C a u 1: T H I / C H A N H a) The hien tren bieu t i le gia tSng dan so tii nhien cua Viet Nam thong qua t i suat sinh va t i suat tuf qua cac nam: (Dcm vi: %c) Nam 1945 1960 1965 1970 1979 1980 1985 1990 1995 1996 T i suat sinh 40,0 46,0 37,8 34,6 32,5 31,7 28,4 29,9 23,9 22,8 T i suat tvC 25,0 12,0 6,7 6,6 6,3 7,0 6,9 8,0 3,9 1,9 b) Qua bieu do, em hay n i t nhan xet va giai thich C a u 2: Difa vao \\iac Nhat Ban: Ll/aC DO N I I A T B A N a) Em hay neu ten cac tCf so den so b) Hay nhan xet va giai thich v i c6 sii phan bo d6? 11 C a u 5: a) H a y chon cau dung n h a t t r o n g cau sau cho phu htfp vdri nhan d i n h : N e n Icinh te T h a i L a n van the h i e n ro net t i n h chat nong nghiep G i a i t h i c h \i chon T i le ngtrori mu chiJ t h a p T i le dan t h a n h t h i dxidi 25% (nam 2004 l a 31%) Gia t a n g dan so ttf n h i e n 1,5% (nam 2004 c6n 0,7%) b) M i e n BSc va dong bang t r u n g t a m song Me N a m cua T h a i L a n C O nhuing dieu k i e n gi de p h a t t r i e n k i n h te? HlfCfNG D A N LAM BAI a) Chpn cdu - Gidi thich: + Dan CLT tap t r u n g chu yeu or nong t h o n de l a m nong nghiep + Cor gidi hoa t r o n g nong nghiep thap n e n can nhieu lao dong + Da so cac ni/drc cong nghiep p h a t t r i e n c6 dan so tap t r u n g chu yeu or t h a n h t h i ( t r e n 70%), T h a i L a n c6 t i le dan t h a n h t h i di/di 25%, nghia l a t i n h chat nong nghiep cao b) Cdc dieu ki^n de phat trien kinh te cua mien Bdc vd dong bang trung tdm d Thdi Lan: - Mien Bdc Thdi Lan: + Dia h i n h n i i i va cao nguyen, nori c6 nhieu khoang san, rCfng r a m : phat t r i e n cong nghiep k h a i thac va che b i e n go, p h a t t r i e n cong nghiep k h a i khoang, + K h i hau m a t me, c6 nhieu danh l a m t h a n g canh, t h u a n Ic/i p h a t t r i e n du l i c h - Mien dong bdng trung tdm: + Dong bang phu sa mau mor (do song Me N a m boi tu), thuan Igri phat trien nong nghiep, chuyen canh, t h a m canh, difa tuf hoa vao nong nghiep + Co vung bien: Gang Bang Coc => t h u a n Itfi giao t h o n g quoc te va phat t r i e n cong nghiep, dich vu cho v i i n g + Dan so tap t r u n g dong: Nguon lao dong doi dao, dac biet l a lao dong C O k i thuat C a u 6: a) T r i n h bay dtfcfng l o i phat t r i e n k i n h te hifcjng r a xuat k h a u cua T h a i L a n vao giOfa thap n i e n 80 cho den Dtfofng l o i diia t r e n nhCJng C O sd nao? 411 b) Neu nguyen nhan cuoc khung hoang kinh te - tai chinh cua Thai Lan nkm 1997 c) De thoat khoi tinh trang khung hoang, chinh phu Thai Lan da CO nhufng thay doi nao quan he kinh te' doi ngoai nhOfng nam gan day? d) Neu nhihig thoa thuan d a dat dMc quan he ngoai giao Viet - Thai qua cuoc hop cap cao cua Thu txXdng niTdfc thang 02/2004 Nhflng thoa thuan c6 y nghia nh\i the nao? HlfCfNG D A N LAM B A I a) Thai Lan v&i diCctng loi kinh tehitofng xuat khdu: - Nam 1985, Thai Lan d a thiic hien dtfofng lol kinh te hifdfng r a xuat khau diTa tren c a c cd sor sau day: - Xuat phat tCf sii t i m hieu ve nhu cau cua t h i triforng the gidri - Xuat phat difa vao nhCftig dieu kien ttf nhien - nhan life cua chinh minh - Cac nganh c6 lori ve tai nguyen: khai thac khoang san, nong lam, hai s a n - U u tien phat trien cac nganh c6 loi the ve lao dong (iLforng thap, CO truyen thong san xuat va k i xao) + Gong nghiep: tich cifc hoc tap kinh nghiem c a c nUdfc di trifdc, chon di/cfng loi kinh te hi/drng xuat khau - Xay difng cac nganh cong nghiep mui nhon hifdng xuat khau + Cong nghiep che bien Id mot nganh cong nghiep mui nhgn do: • Nganh c6 nhieu trien vong tren t h i trifcfng the gidi • Giup Thai Lan tan dung cac san pham sSn c6 cua nen nong nghiep + Cong nghiep det, may mdc la nganh cong nghiep mui nhon hien dai chu liic cua Thai lan difa tren ccf sof: • Sii hiing no ve nhu cau det, may mac cua the gidri • May moc, thiet bi dung nganh dtroc nhap mofi, rat hien dai • M i u ma luon doi mdi phu hc;p vdri t h i hieu • Lao dong dong, can cu, mufc lifcfng thap - Day manh cac nganh cong nghiep truyen thong phuc vu xuat khau: khai khoang, thiec (thuf the gidi), da quy, hoa gia, - Tap trung phat trien cac nganh cong nghiep k i thuat cao va trien vong lau dai tren thi tn/orng the gi6i: dien tijf, hoa dau, dong tau, xe hcfi, - Thai Lan chu triJcfng phat trien c a c nganh cong nghiep nang mot each CO chon loc 412 - Tinh hinh chinh t r i n U d c on dinh, chinh phu liU dai de thu hut dau t i i trifc tiep, vay von n\i6c ngoai - Pha gia dong bat so vdi dong USD de khuyen khich xuat khau, han che nhap khau - Xay difng va mor mang them ccf sd tang: ben cang, san bay, va cac khu cong nghiep * Nong nghiep: Dixac coi trong chien liftfc cong nghiep hoa hifdng xuat khau c6 nhieu ifu the ve: - Dieu kien tii nhien thuan Igri (dat dai, k h i hau, ) - Cac chinh sach thich hcfp de san xuat nhieu nong san xuat khau - Sif h6 trgf dac biet cua cong nghiep (may moc, phan bon^ ) - Ke hoach phat trien nong nghiep g^n Hen vdi ke hoach cong nghiep hoa dat nildc * Dich vu: Chu phat trien nganh du lich va xuat khau lao dong Du lich: c6 nhieu phong canh, di tich vSn hoa, lich suf, c6 nhieu dich vu phuc vu cho du lich - Xuat khau lao dong sang cac nifdc NIC, Trung Dong, mang lai nguon ngoai te - Tom lai: Thai Lan nhof khai thac tiem nSng t\i nhien, lao dong, CO chinh sach va btfdc di vdri tCfng giai doan phu hgfp tinh hinh va ngoai nirdfc, diromg loi kinh te hirdrng xuat khau dat hieu qua cao, vai tro cua Chinh phu Thai Lan nen kinh te tang, v i vay muTc tang triidng kinh te hang nam cao (nam 1989: 11%) b) Nh&ng nguyen nhan khung hoang kinh te - ted chinh d Thai Lan nam 1997: * Nguyen nhan ben trong: - Sir ch^m t r i va cufng nhac dieu hanh t i gia dong bat so vdi dong USD: mat loi the canh tranh - Sif mat can doi Idfn nen kinh te: anh hLfofng triJc tiep den he thong tai chinh - ngan hang - Sijf dung von vay ngan va trung han, dau t\i cho dxi an dai han, hieu qua kinh te thap - Chinh phu giam sdt long leo, c6 s\i chenh lech lai suat va ngoai nifdc - Cdc doanh nghiep chifa bat kip d i i n bien cua t h i trifcfng va ngoai n U d c 413 * Nguyen nhan ben ngodi: VLftft r a khoi tarn k i e m s o a t cua Thai L a n va cac nifdc Dong N a m A - Do c h i n h sach t i e n te, t i n dung cua Hoa K i : T h a i L a n h i dong trLfdrc t a n g gia dot ngpt cua l a M i - Sir dau cd t i e n te cua mot so nha tiX ban niidc ngoai da t h o i phong cuoc k h u n g hoang t i e n te - t a i c h i n h - Cac nirdc T r u n g Quoc, A n Do xuat k h a u san p h a m gia t h a p , T h a i L a n m a t I d i the canh t r a n h S L T c) De thodt khoi khung hoang kinh te - tai chinh, Thai Lan da CO nhiXng chinh sdch: * C h i n h sach ngoai giao "Can diT triTdc" r a t l i n h boat, n h k m doi vdi SLf t h a y doi n h a n h chong: - O t a m toan cau: k i k e t mot loat hiep d i n h thi/cfng m a i ttf song phifofng v d i cac ntfdc ngoai k h u vifc, n h a m tao r a t h i tri/ofng m d i (nhif A n Do, cac niTdc Tay A , ) - O t a m k h u vxic: T h a i L a n dtfa r a sang k i e n t h a n h lap t h i trtfcfng t r a i phieu chau A, k h o n g dtfa vao khoan t i e n dau t\i tCf t r a i phieu ciia Hoa K i , t r a n h r u i ro - O t a m t i e u k h u vtfc: chu trLfdng " l a m t h i n h vifdng l a n g gieng" n h a m hdp tac ciing p h a t t r i e n , bao dam an n i n h , hoa b i n h k h u v\ic t h o n g qua viec t i e n h a n h cac 6x1 an h a n h l a n g k i n h te Dong - Tay, tieu vung Me Cong m d rong, - O t a m quoc gia: + T h a i L a n tao cd h o i t h u a n Icfi de k h u viic t\l n h a n tiep tuc phat t r i e n va l a m giau t r e n trifcfng quoc te + Co bien phap ho t r d nhufng ngUcfi ngheo t r o n g xa hoi => K e t qua hxidc dau m a n g l a i t h a n h ttfu k h a quan cho nen k i n h te Thai Lan: - Cac t h i trUdng m d i : T r u n g Quoc, Dong DiTdng, Dong Au, da chiem 36% t d n g k i m ngach xuat khau T h a i L a n - T a n g trLfdng k i n h te dat 6% (nam 2003) so v d i miJc t a n g trirdng k i n h te -10% nhufng n a m sau k h u n g hoang t a i c h i n h 1997 - T h a n g dif mau dich cao: 7,6 t i U S D so v d i mufc t h a m h u t - t i U S D nhufng n a m sau k h u n g hoang - Dtf trff ngoai te dat 39 t i U S D n a m 2003 so v d i mufc - 26 t i nhufng n a m sau 1897 - C h i n h sach ngoai giao k i n h te chu dong cua T h a i L a n : the hien Lfdc m d t r d t h a n h t r u n g t a m t h d i t r a n g , thifdng mai cua toan k h u vdc va cai bep ciaa the gidi t r o n g tddng l a i 414 d) Quart he ngoai giao Thai Lan - Viet Nam gdn day: Cuoc hop cap cao giOfa Thu tifdng h a i midc t r e n t i n h t h a n hcfp tac b i n h dang va toan dien, k e t thiic vdfi 10 van k i e n diJdc k i k e t : Tuyen bo chung ve khuon kho hgfp tac V i e t N a m - T h a i L a n thap n i e n dau the k i X X I N g h i d i n h thif bd sung Hiep d i n h m i e n t h i thtfc cho ngiTcfi m a n g ho chieu ngoai giao, cong vu Thoa thuan ve hcfp tac k i t h u a t Thoa t h u a n hcfp tac giao due: Hc/p tac xay difng giao t r i n h chung, tang CLfdfng htfp tac giufa cac trtfcfng dai hoc, trao doi giao v i e n , hoc sinh - phat t r i e n nguon n h a n ILTC Thoa t h u a n hofp tac y te: trao doi k i n h n g h i e m , bien phap k i e m soat dich gia cam, Hiep d i n h ve chong t o i p h a m : cho'ng k h u n g bo', chong ma tuy, cho'ng t o i p h a m xuyen quo'c gia, hgrp tac ve k h o n g quan Hiep d i n h k h u n g ve hap tac k i n h te: T h a i L a n mong mudn t h a m dau k h i or m i e n N a m va Tay N a m Viet N a m , dau i\i k h a i thac quang boxit va san xuat n h o m d V i e t N a m , hcfp tac phat t r i e n t h u y dien t r e n song Me Cong, Tuyen bo chung ve n h i i n g dan xep tao t h u a n Itfi cho giao t h o n g van t a i diiofng bo: - Hcfp tac xay diing phat t r i e n k i n h te h a n h l a n g D o n g - Tay (cung v6i Mi-an-ma, Lao) - Thuc day xay difng cac tuyen di/cfng noi giiJa V i e t N a m - Lao Cam-pu-chia - T h a i L a n N a m 2005 xay difng mot cay cau bac - qua song Me Cong d bien gidi giCa Lao v d i T h a i L a n noi Hen den Dong Ha (Quang T r i ) : dtfcfng cua V i e t N a m se diJcfc k h a i thac phuc vu du lich, van chuyen hang hoa, - Difcrng d Nghe A n n o i v d i Lao - Se m d t h e m mot so tuyen bay m d i : Chieng M a i - H a N o i , de thuc day thtfdng m a i va du l i c h Thoa t h u a n ve htfp tac thiTc h i e n cac bien phap ve s i n h va k i e m dich thiTc vat 10 Hiep d i n h ve thiTc h i e n hgfp tac khoa hoc cong nghe * y nghicu Giup cho V i e t N a m - T h a i L a n t a n g ciXdng hofp tac v d i cac qudc gia t r o n g Idiu vifc t r e n moi l i n h V L T C , n h a m thiic day hoa b i n h , on d i n h va t h i n h viXcfng chung 415 C a u 7: Qua iLfgrc Thai Lan difdi day LUOC DO THAI L A N a) Xac dinh ten cac nUdc va vung bien ma Thai Lan tiep giap (theo k i hieu 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) b) Dien ten cac song (ki hieu chOf so La Ma I , I I , I I I ) c) Trinh bay sof Itrcfc cac mien t i i nhien cua Thai Lan (theo k i hieu A , B, C, D) va neu khai quat LOI the tCifng mien d) Tai noi t i n h hinh xa hoi Thdi Lan c6 nhieu mot tien bo nhiftig cung c6 nhieu mot ton tai? HlfCfNG D A N LAM B A I a) Ten cac nit&c vd vung bien tiep gidp theo thvC tU: Cam-pu chia Lao Mi-an-ma Vinh Ben-gan Vinh Thai Lan Ma-lai-xi-a b) Ten cdc song theo thtC ti£: I Song Me Nam I I Song Nam X i I I I Song Xe Mun 416 c) Trinh bay scf lii^c cdc mien tU nhien vd itu the titng A Mien mien: Bac: - N u i ixTng h i e m tror, cdc day n u i , cdc dong song chay theo hi/dfng Bac - N a m - N h i e u nguon Itfi k i n h te: go tech (xuat khau), d i t i c h l i c h suf, phong canh dep, k h i hau t r o n g l a n h : ccf sd phat t r i e n du l i c h B Mien Dong Bac: - Phan l a n h tho i t diTcfc iiu a i ( i t mtfa) - Chan nuoi t r a u bo va chuyen canh san xuat k h a u C Mien dong bang trung tarn: - LiAi vLfc song Me N a m dat phu sa mau md, k h i hau n h i e t d d i gio mua, iLfdng n h i e t a m phong p h u : vung san xuat liia gao I d n , WUSL liia Dong N a m A - T h u Bang Coc: h a i cang I d n , dau m o i giao t h o n g , t r u n g t a m cong nghiep c h i n h , t h u h u t dau ttf niTdc ngoai D Mien Nam: - K h i hau, dat dai t h i c h hdp v d i cay cong nghiep c6 gia t r i : cao su, mia, bong, ca phe, che, thuoc la, - Khoang san c6 nhieu mo thiec V i n h T h a i L a n c6 n h i e u h a i san, k h a i thac dau k h i d) Tinh hinh xd hqi co nhieu mat tien bg nhiCng cUng nhieu mat ton tqi: ^ - M a t t i e n bo: + K i n h te p h a t t r i ^ n : t o n g t h u nhap quoc dan t a n g , 1970: 190USD, 1995: 2.630USD/ngircfi + Mufc song ngiicfi dan diftfc n a n g cao + T i le gia t a n g dan so giam dang ke 0,8% nSm 2001 va 0,7% nam 2004 + Tuoi tho t r u n g b i n h t a n g : 68 tuoi + T i le m u chff t h a p : 9% - Mat ton tai: + Co 50 gia d i n h n a m hau nhtf toan bo cac nganh cong nghiep va t a i chinh quoc gia + NgiTcfi dan (Dong B^c, N a m ) muTc t h u nhap t h a p + N a n n h i e m m o i triTcrng gia t a n g + Te n a n xa h o i (mai dam, m a t u y va benh A I D S ) 417 - Xuat phat til nhuCng nguyen nh&n: + Sii phat trien kinh te xa hoi khong dong d i u giffa cdc vung ni/dc Vung Dong B^c va cac tinh phia Nam: lac hau, kem phat trien + Chenh lech ve muTc song va thu nhap giOra cac tang Idfp xa hoi + Chinh sach mof cufa v(Ji s\i bung no nganh du lich mang lai nhieu thuan Igri nhtfng cung phat sinh nhieu t§ nan xa hoi can giai quyet C a u 8: Trinh bay cac btfdc phat trien kinh te cua Thdi Lan Hl/CfNG D A N LAM B A I Cac bifdc phat trien kinh te cua Thai Lan: - Btfdc 1: Thap k i 50, tien hanh phat trien kinh te thay the hang nhap khau vdi nhieu bien phap va chinh sach nhiftig nong nghiep v i n dong vai tro chu yeu Toe tSng tnTorng kinh te thap, dau tii mldc ngoai khong nhieu - Bi/dc 2: Thap k i 60 - 70, bat dau thifc hien chien iMc cong nghiep hoa hLfdrng xuat khau, thu hiit von dau ttf va k l thuat ruXdc ngoai Chinh sach va bien phap cua Thai Lan thcfi k i phu hgrp v6i Icri ich kinh te cua cac mi6c phat trien (ncfi c6 tai nguyen phong phu, nhan cong nhieu va re, luat dau tif hap dan) nhtfng toe tSng triTofng chifa cao dat niXdc bat on ve chinh t r i , ban ban keo dai, mat mua, gia dau the gidi tang Cuoi thap k i 70, Thai Lan van la nxidc nong nghiep xuat khau nong san va khoang san - B\Xdc 3: Thap k i 80 - 90, vSn thtfc hien chien liTtfc hiTdng xuat khau nhtf tren nhifng dieu kien thuan Idi hofn ve chinh t r i va ngoai nirdrc, diTc/c mua lien tuc, gia nong san tren the gidi tang, mof rong nganh dich vu du lich, thu hiit ngoai te Idn, nhieu nha dau tiT Idn x6 vao t h i tri/cfng Thai Lan Ket qua, cong nghiep che bien, du lich, dich vu chiem dia v i chu yeu nen kinh te, toe tang trifcfng kinh te rat cao, binh quan la 11% va dan nang cao t i cac san pham cao cap Dat nifdc Thai Lan thap k i nhu thay da doi thit, vai tro cua Thai Lan tren t h i triTcfng the gidi khong ngtfng tang nhiftig v^n ton tai nhOfng van de dang quan tarn giai quyet C a u 9: a) GNP va GDP khac d diem nao? b) Lay Thai Lan de minh hoa c) Nen kinh te Thai Lan: GNP hay GDP Idn hdn? Tai sao? 418 HlfCfNG DAN LAM BAl a) Khdc nhau: - G N P (tong san pham quoc gia): bao gom gia t r i san xuat cua cac nganh k i n h te quoc dan hoat dong d t r o n g nvCdc v a ca d nUdc ngoai - G D P (tong san pham t r o n g mx6c): gia t r i cua cac n g a n h k i n h te quoc dan hoat dong t r o n g mx6c, bao gom ca gia t r i san xuat cua cac to chuTc k i n h te ntrdrc ngoai hoat dong t r e n l a n h t h o quoc gia b) Minh hog^ - GNP T h a i L a n : Bao gom gia t r i san xuat cua cdc n g a n h k i n h te quoc dan hoat dong t a i T h a i L a n v a ca or nxidc ngoai ( k h o n g ke cac to chufc k i n h te niTdrc ngoai hoat dong t r e n l a n h tho T h a i L a n ) - GDP: G i a t r i san xuat cua cac nganh k i n h te quoc dan hoat dong t a i T h a i L a n , bao gom ca gia t r i cua cac to chufc k i n h te midc ngoai hoat dong t r e n l a n h t h o T h a i L a n (khong ke gia t r i san xuat cua cac nganh k i n h te T h a i L a n dau tif r a nxidc ngoai) c) Thai Lan: GDP cao hcfn G N P v i T h a i L a n dau t\i r a midc ngoai i t , t h u n h a n dau tLf ntrdfc ngoai vao t r o n g midc nhieu hcto C a u 10: Cac nganh nong nghiep v a cong nghiep T h a i L a n da gop p h a n vao viec thtfc h i e n difofng l o i phat t r i e n k i n h te htfdng r a xuat k h a u nhif thenao? HlfdNG DAN LAM BAI * Nganh nong nghiep Thai Lan dong gop nhieu sdn pham cho xuat khau: - N g a n h nong nghiep T h a i L a n l a ch6 diTa t r o n g hiidc dau thtfc hien cong nghiep hoa hifdtng r a xuat khau - Cay lua ruidc: nhcf ap dung khoa hoc - k i t h u a t n e n san iMng liia gao cang tang T h a i L a n l a nufdrc xuat k h a u gao Idfn n h a t t h e gidi, t r u n g b i n h t r i e u tan/nam - Cao su: san p h a m xuat k h a u duCng thuT cua T h a i L a n - San: xuat k h a u duEng thuf t h e gidi sau B r a - x i n - M i a : nguyen lieu cong nghiep che bien dtforng xuat k h a u - Ngo: nong san xuat k h a u chu life t r u y e n thong - Ca phe: gan day mdri xuat k h a u htfn 40 n g h i n t a n / n a m - Nuoi t o m xuat k h a u 419 * Caic ngdnh cong nghiep chu dqu) phtic vii xuat khdu: - Duy t r i n g a n h cong nghiep t r u y e n t h o n g de xuat k h a u : + N g a n h k h a i thac mo: thiec, k e m , v o n p h r a m , de xuat k h a u + Cong nghiep che b i e n thiic p h a m tao r a nhieu m a t h a n g phu hcfp t h i hieu ngiTcfi t i e u dung + Cong nghiep da quy, k i m hoan phat t r i e n r a t n h a n h - Dau tLf nganh cong nghiep k i thuat cao: Dien tuf, to, dong tau, - D u l i c h p h a t t r i e n m a n h , dong gop vao nen k i n h te r a t dang ke (5 t i U S D / n a m ) C a u 11: L U a C DO T H A I L A N D i e n vao liTtfc T h a i L a n : T e n cac m i e n tiT n h i e n theo k i hieu A , B, C, D T e n cac song 1, 2, , ' Ten cac trung tam cong nghiep a, b, c, d H a y t r i n h bay dSc diem t i i n h i e n cua m i e n c6 k i hieu A HlfONG DAN LAM BAI a) Ten cdc mien ti£ nhien: A ) M i e n Bac T h a i L a n B) - o- • D) b) Ten cdc song: ^ c) Ten cdc trung tarn cong nghiep: a b c d d) Trinh bdy doc diem tif nhien mien A - M i e n Bac T h a i L a n : - L a ncfi c6 nhieu n u i h i e m t r d nhifng c6 nhieu rCfng, dac biet la g6 tech Cac day n i i i v a song chay theo hifdrng B^c - N a m 420 - Co nhieu phong canh dep, d i t i c h l i c h suf, k h i hau t r o n g l a n h , la diem t h u h u t khach du l i c h t r o n g va ngoai n\i6c - Chieng M a i la t h a n h du l i c h n o i t i e n g - Tap t r u n g 94% trff lifcfng t h a n non cua T h a i L a n - Dat nhieu ncfi b i xoi mbn, rtfiig bi thoai hoa khai thac qua mijfc C a u 12: a) L a p bang so sanh m i e n tii n h i e n c h i n h cua T h a i L a n ve: - T i e m nang k i n h td' - Cac nganh k i n h te c h i n h b) Tai Thai L a n thiTc hien dtfcfng loi k i n h te htfomg r a xuat khau? HlfCfNG DAN LAM BAI a) Lap bang so sanh: Mien Bac Tiem nang k i n h te T a i nguyen rCfng, du l i c h K h i hau t o t Khoang san Dong B^c Trung tam Dat phu sa de t r o n g c6 K h i hau n h i e t di den Quy thay c6 va cac em nhQng kien thufc quy gia, dong thdi cung lUu giu' lai cac tu lieu ma Ban to chufc kl thi da ton rat nhieu cong sufc, tam huyet theo duoi va tri den hom - N S MINH T A M , T r a n N g u y e n H a n - H P * D T : (0313) 8 9 - 29&31 P h a n Bpi C h a u - H^i P h o n g * D T : (0313) 839599 - 04 L y T h a i T o - T P D a N S n g * D T : 0511.3823421 - 259 L e Duan - T P Vinh - D T : 0383.554777 ISBN: 978-604-939-039-5 - Hang T r e - Ha Noi * D T : (04) 38246605 - 67 N g u y i n K h o a i - H a Npi * D T : (04) 9 - Chifdng DUdng D o - Ha Npi - 828 DUdng L a n g - Ha Npi * D T : (04) 35575385 935092 755977 Gia: 93.000d [...]... 1999 200 0 200 1 200 4 Xuat khau 5 84. 743 688,697 382.138 702.098 781.125 730. 803 818.500 Nhap khau 770.852 899. 020 944 .353 1.059 .43 5 1.259.297 1.179.177 1.525.700 a) V Q bieu do t h i c h hdp n h a t the h i e n cor cau xuat, nhap k h a u cua Hoa m giai doan 1995 - 200 4 b) T i n h can can xuat, nhap khau cua Hoa K i qua cac n a m c) N h a n xet cot cau xuat nhap khau cua Hoa K i giai doan 1995 -200 4 Giai... e h a n g d a u t h e gi(5i Ch? so So dan (trieu ngUdi - nSm 200 5) GDP (ti U S D - n a m 200 4) Ti trong xuat khau trong GDP 7,0 26,5 46 23 ,4 116 67,5 12690,5 127,7 296,5 45 9,7 Hoa Kl EU Nh|it Bdn 12,2 (% - nam 200 4) T I trong cua EU trong xuat khau cua the 37,7 9,0 6,25 gidi (% - nam 200 4) 14 Bang 2: V a i t r o cua E U t r e n the gidri (200 4) (Dan vi: %) Lmh vUc EU The gidi Dan so 7,1 ICQ Dien tich... Nam 201 0 1985 1995 200 4 201 0 GDP (ti USD) 239,0 697,6 1. 649 ,3 *5.880,0 So dan (trieu ngUcri) 1.070 1. 211 1.299 1. 347 a Ve bieu do thich htfp the hien toe do tUng tri/otog GDP, GDP/ngircfi va so dan cua Trung Quoc giai doan 1985 - 201 0 b Nhan xet va giai thich nguyen nhan cua sif tang trtfofng do DE THI NAM 201 3 Cau 1: a Hay cho biet Mat Trcfi len thien dinh vao ngay nao t h i TP Ho Chi Minh (10 47 ')... thi ciia the gidi giai doan 1970 - 201 0 (Dan vi: trieu ngilcd) Nam 1970 1.369,3 Trong do so dan thanh thi 3.632,0 Dan so the gidi 1990 200 0 2.716,6 2.275,5 6.037,0 5.292,0 200 2 6.215,0 2.9 64, 5 201 0 6.892,0 3 .44 6,0 a Tinh t i le dan thanh t h i cua the gidi giai doan 1970 - 201 0 b Ve bieu do thich hgrp nhat the hien dan so, so dan thanh t h i va t i le dan thanh t h i cua the gidi giai doan 1970 - 201 0... t e C a u 4 1 T r i n h bay nhufng hieu biet cua em ve moi quan he hcfp tac giufa Viet N a m va E U 2 Cho bang so lieu sau: MQt so c h i so cd b a n c u a E U v a H o a K i C h i so' D a n so (trieu ngUcd - ndm 200 5) GDP (ti USD - ndm 200 4) T i t r o n g xuat k h a u t r o n g GDP (% ndm - 200 4) T i t r o n g cua E U va Hoa E J t r o n g xuat khau cua t h e gidri (% ~ ndm 200 4) 296,5 45 9,7 HoaKi... a u - 45 0,1 18 200 2 1.893,9 - 507,1 200 3 2.027,9 - 578,3 200 4 2.3 24, 2 - 687,2 1 T i n h gid t r i xuat khau va gia t r i nhap khau cua Hoa K i qua cac nam 2 Ve bieu do t h i c h hcfp the h i e n gia t r i xuat k h a u , gid t r i nhap khau va can can xuat nhap khau cua Hoa K i thori k i 1995 - 200 4 3 N h a n xet ve cd cau xuat nhap khau cua Hoa K i D E THI NAM 201 1 Cau 1 a) Toan cau hoa l a gi? T r... thiTc v a c 6 dtf de xuat khau + nam Binh 1985 quan lifofng len thifc dau 4 4 8 k g / n g L r c r i nam ngi/ofi k h o n g n g i f n g t S n g : 1 9 9 9 v a 47 9kg/ngLfcfi nam Tii 3 04 kg/ngLrcri 200 4 C a u 3: a) Chitng minh: - Xu hiTdng quoc te hoa the h i e n or c a c diem: 1 Quan he kinh - Phan cong quoc te: lao dong ngay mot sau rong - Thi/ Ong m a i quoc t e t a n g len n h a n h chong - Cac cong t... 26,5 37,7 11. 667,5 7,0 9,0 E m h a y p h a n t i c h b a n g so lieu t r e n de r u t r a k e t luan ve v i the cua E U t r e n tri/cfng quoc te Cau 5 Cho b a n g so l i e u : T i n h h i n h n g o a i thufcfng c u a H o a K i q u a c a c n&m (Dan vi: ti USD) Nam Tong kim ngach Can can 1.908,3 200 1 - 47 7 ,4 2. 041 ,2 200 0 - 186,2 1.355,6 1995 x u a t nh|ip k h a u x u a t nh|ip k h a u - 45 0,1 18 200 2 1.893,9... kien thiic dd hoc, hay cho biet: a) V i sao A n D o t i e n h a n h cuoc " C a c h m a n g Xanh"? b) N o i d u n g , k e t qua v a nhijCng h a n che cua cuoc " C a c h m a n g X a n h " 13 C a u 4 (5,0 diem) D i i a vao b a n g so l i e u ve x u a t n h a p k h a u qua cac n a m (Ekm vi: ti 42 , 90 Nh^p k h a u 6 2 , 09 30, 94 Xuat khau Nam 1990 1986 5 3 , 34 1995 148 , 78 132, 08 1998 183, 75 140 , 17... lifcfng iLforng thiic tang nhanh: Nam 1987, l a 340 trieu tan, nam 1995 tang len den 46 5 trieu tan - GDP binh qudn ddu ngiCdi cua Trung Quoc: + Theo xu hLfdrng tang nhanh, til 530USD nam 19 94 len 1.094USD nam 200 3 ^ b) Viet Nam c6 the rut ra bed hpc: - Bien phap: + Khoan san xuat d nong thon: Lay kinh te ho gia dinh la hinh thufc chu yeu + Giam thue nong nghiep, nang gia thu mua nong san, thiTcfng mai ... doan 1995 -200 4 (Bern vi: trieu USD) Nam 1995 1997 1998 1999 200 0 200 1 200 4 Xuat khau 5 84. 743 688,697 382.138 702.098 781.125 730. 803 818.500 Nhap khau 770.852 899. 020 944 .353 1.059 .43 5 1.259.297... xay dijfng 40 ,2 Nong, lam, thuy san 1985 Nam 1989 42 ,1 22,9 35,0 1991 1993 40 ,5 29,9 28,9 23,8 41 ,2 35,7 1995 28 ,4 30, 0 41 ,6 1996 27,2 30, 7 42 ,1 1997 26,2 31,2 42 ,6 b) Nhan xet va giai thich sii... ngach Can can 1.908,3 200 1 - 47 7 ,4 2. 041 ,2 200 0 - 186,2 1.355,6 1995 x u a t nh|ip k h a u x u a t nh|ip k h a u - 45 0,1 18 200 2 1.893,9 - 507,1 200 3 2.027,9 - 578,3 200 4 2.3 24, 2 - 687,2 T i n h