Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved WHITAKER’S ALMANACK 2011 Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa The traditional design of the title page for Whitaker’s Almanack which has appeared in each edition since 1868 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved WHITAKER’S ALMANACK 2011 Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa A & C BLACK LONDON (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved A & C Black Publishers Ltd 36 Soho Square, London W1D 3QY Whitaker’s Almanack published annually since 1868 143rd edition © 2010 A & C Black Publishers Ltd Published in the USA by Bloomsbury Academic & Professional STANDARD EDITION Cloth covers 978–1-4081–2848–0 CONCISE EDITION Paperback 978–1-4081–2851–0 JACKET PHOTOGRAPHS Main image: Prime Minister David Cameron welcomes Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg to Downing Street for their first day of coalition government © Matt Cardy/Getty Images Spine: Smoke and ash billow from the Eyjafjallajökull volcano in Iceland on 21 April 2010 © Emmanuel Dunand/AFP/Getty Images Top, from left to right: England coach Fabio Capello speaks during a press conference, a day after losing to Germany in the 2010 World Cup © Paul Ellis/AFP/Getty Images A protester raises his fist in front of the Greek parliament in the centre of Athens on May 2010 as lawmakers vote on a drastic austerity package © Aris Messinis/AFP/Getty Images Jessica Ennis of Great Britain receives the gold medal in the women’s heptathlon during day six of the 20th European Athletics Championships in Barcelona, Spain © Jasper Juinen/Getty Images Fire boats battle a blaze at the offshore oil rig Deepwater Horizon in the Gulf of Mexico © US Coast Guard via Getty Images US singer Lady Gaga looks on during the German TV show Wetten dass ? (Bet it ?) © AP Photo/Axel Heimken Typeset in the UK by RefineCatch Ltd, Bungay, Suffolk NR35 1EF Printed in the UK by CPI William Clowes, Beccles, Suffolk NR34 7TL Whitaker’s Almanack was compiled with the assistance of: Amnesty International; Christian Research; Euromonitor International; Keesing’s Worldwide; Oxford Cartographers; Press Association; Transparency International: the global coalition against corruption; UK Hydrographic Office; the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS); WM/Reuters; and the World Gazetteer/ Stefan Helders (W www.world-gazetteer.com) Material was reproduced from (in addition to that indicated): CIA World Factbook 2010; The Diplomatic List January 2010 © Crown Copyright; Human Development Indicators 2009 published by the UN Development Programme; International Financial Statistics Year Book 2009 and World Economic Outlook Database © International Monetary Fund; The Military Balance 2010 published by Routledge for the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS); Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland, permit number 100036 © Crown Copyright; People in Power © Cambridge International Reference on Current Affairs (CIRCA); 2010 World Development Indicators published by The World Bank; the World Health Organisation Statistical Information System, and World Urbanisation Prospects: The 2009 Revision published by the UN Population Division Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office The publishers make no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that take place This book is produced using paper that is made from wood grown in managed, sustainable forests It is natural, renewable and recyclable The logging and manufacturing processes conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library EDITORIAL STAFF Publisher (Yearbooks) and Editor-in-Chief: Claire Fogg Acting Deputy Editor: Clare Bryant Project Editors: Ruth Craven (UK); Ross Fulton (International) Editorial Assistant: Matt Munday Thanks to Omer Ali, Sophie Hughes and Ruth Northey All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher Whitaker’s is a registered trade mark of J Whitaker and Sons Ltd, Registered Trade Mark Nos (UK) 1322125/ 09; 13422126/16 and 1322127/41; (EU) 19960401/09, 16, 41, licensed for use by A & C Black Publishers Ltd CONTRIBUTORS (where not listed) Gordon Taylor (Astronomy); Hilary Marsden (Countries of the World); Jill Papworth (Education and Taxation); Karen Harries-Rees (Environment); Graham Bartram (Flags); V P Kanitkar (Hindu Calendar); Clive Longhurst (Insurance); Duncan Murray, Chris Priestley (Legal Notes); Stan Greenberg, Alex Hazle (Sport); Philip Eden (Weather) and Russell Ash (World in Figures) (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved CONTENTS Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa PREFACE THE YEAR 2011 2011 Calendar 2012 Calendar Forthcoming Events Centenaries 10 11 12 14 UNITED KINGDOM UK in Figures The National Flag 17 23 THE ROYAL FAMILY 24 Private Secretaries Finance Military Titles Kings and Queens The House of Windsor Descendants of Queen Victoria 26 29 30 34 39 40 PRECEDENCE 42 PEERAGE 44 Hereditary Peers Life Peers Lords Spiritual Courtesy Titles Peers’ Surnames Orders of Chivalry Baronetage and Knightage The Order of St John Dames Decorations and Medals Chiefs of Clans in Scotland Privy Council 46 66 75 76 77 82 85 114 115 118 121 123 PARLIAMENT 127 Houses of Parliament Members of Parliament General Election Results General Election Facts and Figures 128 138 146 184 THE GOVERNMENT AND PUBLIC BODIES 191 The Cabinet Government Departments Executive Agencies Non-ministerial Government Departments Public Bodies Directory 191 193 205 210 214 REGIONAL GOVERNMENT 241 London Wales Scotland Northern Ireland 241 246 252 263 EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT 269 LOCAL GOVERNMENT 272 Political Composition of Councils 279 England Principal Cities English County Councils District Councils Metropolitan Borough Councils Unitary Councils London The City Guilds London Borough Councils Wales Scotland Northern Ireland Isle of Man Channel Islands 284 286 293 294 297 298 300 302 305 306 309 314 316 317 LAW AND ORDER 319 Law Courts and Offices Scottish Judicature Northern Ireland Judicature Tribunals Ombudsman Services Police Prisons 319 327 330 331 337 340 345 DEFENCE 350 Salaries Pensions 360 362 EDUCATION 363 The Education System Universities Professional Education Independent Schools National Academies Research Councils 363 382 393 402 412 414 HEALTH 419 National Health Service 419 SOCIAL WELFARE 426 Social Services National Insurance Pensions War Pensions Tax Credits Benefits 426 428 430 432 434 435 UTILITIES AND TRANSPORT 443 Water Energy Transport 443 446 451 RELIGION 461 Religion in the UK Churches 461 468 COMMUNICATIONS 491 Postal Services Telecommunications 491 493 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved International Direct Dialling Internet Domain Names 494 496 The North and South Poles UK Overseas Territories THE ENVIRONMENT 498 THE YEAR 2009–10 Conservation and Heritage Wildlife and Habitats World Heritage Sites 502 508 512 HERITAGE 513 Historic Buildings and Monuments Museums and Galleries Sights of London Hallmarks 513 521 529 537 BANKING AND FINANCE 540 British Currency Banking and Personal Finance Financial Services Regulation National Savings London Stock Exchange Economic Statistics Cost of Living and Inflation Insurance 540 542 547 549 551 552 557 559 TAXATION 564 Income Tax Value Added Tax Stamp Duty 564 578 579 LEGAL NOTES 581 Intellectual Property 605 THE MEDIA 607 Broadcasting Television Radio The Press Newspapers Periodicals Internet Book Publishers 607 607 609 619 619 623 630 632 ORGANISATIONS 637 Trade and Professional Bodies Trade Unions Sports Bodies Clubs Charities and Societies 637 641 645 650 653 THE WORLD The World in Figures Distances from London by Air Time Zones Currencies and Exchange Rates Travel Overseas European Union International Organisations Countries of the World A–Z 677 685 687 690 694 696 707 732 Events UK Affairs Arts and Media Business and Economic Affairs Crimes and Legal Affairs Environment and Science Sport International Events Obituaries Archaeology Architecture Art and Culture Business and Finance Conservation and Heritage Natural Environment Built Heritage Dance Film Literature The Media Television Radio The Press Internet Music Classical Popular Opera Parliament Acts of Parliament White Papers Science and Discovery Theatre Weather Sports Results World Cup Finals – Football Winter Olympics Sports Records 1074 1077 1087 1087 1090 1093 1095 1099 1101 1104 1119 1123 1127 1132 1136 1139 1139 1142 1145 1149 1153 1157 1157 1159 1159 1160 1162 1162 1165 1169 1175 1180 1183 1184 1190 1194 1200 1201 1222 1224 TIME AND SPACE Astronomy Time Measurement and Calendars Tidal Predictions 1229 1289 1305 GENERAL REFERENCE Weights and Measures Conversion Tables The Periodic Table Nobel Prize Winners Abbreviations Index Stop Press (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 1315 1320 1321 1322 1323 1331 1371 Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa PREFACE Undoubtedly it has been a momentous year for UK politics: the first televised leaders’ debates in the UK, the first coalition government since the Second World War, the youngest prime minister since 1812 and the first Liberal Democrat to take prime minister’s questions The electoral campaign was something that took on a life of its own When the three main party leaders agreed to televised live debates, they – like the viewers at home – could not have anticipated the outcome Commentators seemed to think that Gordon Brown, a prime minister perilously low in the popularity polls, agreed because he had nothing to lose, everything to gain Could he come across as the serious man of letters, of detail, of experience, when pitched head-to-head with his rivals? David Cameron perhaps agreed because he too had plenty to gain, not to mention past form as a politician well versed in the art of public relations The man, though, who simply had so much to gain that no one actually saw him coming was, of course, Nick Clegg If this was a race, then he was the outsider; the one with less than a sporting chance to get to the finish Or so it seemed Three TV debates later and the political arena had become a very different place Mr Clegg had surprised us all with his ease in front of the camera and a readiness to engage with his audience – often on first-name terms The Liberal Democrats no longer appeared such a fanciful choice In the general election that finally arrived on May 2010, no party won an outright majority, and so, after days of deliberation, the coalition was born Such events command our attention, but the detail can so easily get overlooked, distorted or forgotten That’s why, in the shape of Whitaker’s Almanack, we are committed to bringing you a reliable, comprehensive work of reference featuring a host of essential facts and figures Within these pages you will find full general election results (for each and every constituency) plus lists galore including those MPs who were defeated at the general election, those who retired, and those who newly took office We also detail the number of women MPs by party, the average age of MPs and the number of votes cast at the general elections of 2001, 2005 and 2010 Should you want to gauge how the coalition is faring – and which party is managing to get their policies across as pledged – you will find details of the key manifesto commitments from both the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats Nor have we forgotten the saga of MPs’ expenses which set the tone in 2009 Updated information regarding members pay and allowances (including details of staffing allowance and accommodation expenses) is in the Parliament section of this year’s Almanack Elsewhere you’ll find all the eclectic content that continues to make Whitaker’s Almanack so special more than 140 years after its first publication Alongside in-depth information about the structure of UK society, there are entries on all the countries of the world; plus everything from astronomy to Zoroastrianism; military titles to internet domain names; protected wildlife and habitats to utilities and transport At around 1,100 words a page across nearly 1,400 pages, it’s no small feat This year, more than most, has proved an editorial rollercoaster of documenting the UK’s changing infrastructures and institutions And so I would like to thank the dedicated team of in-house editors and expert contributors whose meticulous efforts have managed to bring such an impressive spectrum of information together in one volume On a final note, Whitaker’s wouldn’t be Whitaker’s without its readers, their vital feedback and useful suggestions We value all your correspondence and I’d like to take this opportunity to thank you for your ongoing support Dr Claire Fogg Editor-in-Chief September 2010 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved THE YEAR 2011 Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa CHRONOLOGICAL CYCLES AND ERAS Dominical Letter Epact Golden Number (Lunar Cycle) Julian Period Roman Indiction Muslim year AH 1432* Japanese year Heisei 23 Roman year 2764 AUC Regnal year 60 Chinese year of the Rabbit Sikh new year Hindu new year (Chaitra) Indian (Saka) year 1933 Jewish year AM 5772* B 25 XVII 6724 Beginning Dec 2010 Jan 14 Jan Feb Feb 14 Mar Apr 22 Mar Sep * Year begins at sunset on the previous day MUSLIM Al-Hijra (Muslim new year) Ashura Ramadan, first day Eid-ul-Fitr Hajj Eid-ul-Adha Dec 2010 16 Dec 2010 Aug 30 Aug Nov Nov SIKH Birthday of Guru Gobind Singh Ji Chet (Sikh new year) Baisakhi Mela Birthday of Guru Nanak Dev Ji Martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev Ji Martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji Jan 14 Mar 13 Apr 14 Apr† 16 Jun 24 Nov † This festival is also currently celebrated according to the lunar calendar CIVIL CALENDAR RELIGIOUS CALENDARS CHRISTIAN Epiphany Presentation of Christ in the Temple Ash Wednesday The Annunciation Palm Sunday Maundy Thursday Good Friday Easter Day (western churches) Easter Day (Eastern Orthodox) Rogation Sunday Ascension Day Corpus Christi Pentecost (Whit Sunday) Trinity Sunday All Saints’ Day Advent Sunday Christmas Day Jan Feb Mar 25 Mar 17 Apr 21 Apr 22 Apr 24 Apr 24 Apr 29 May Jun Jun 12 Jun 19 Jun Nov 27 Nov 25 Dec HINDU Makara Sankranti Vasant Panchami (Sarasvati Puja) Mahashivaratri Holi Chaitra (Spring new year) Ramanavami Raksha Bandhan Janmashtami Ganesh Chaturthi, first day Navaratri festival (Durga Puja), first day Dasara Diwali (New Year festival of lights), first day 14 Jan Feb Mar 19 Mar Apr 12 Apr 13 Aug 21 Aug Sep 28 Sep Oct 26 Oct JEWISH Purim Pesach (Passover), first day Shavuoth (Feast of Weeks), first day Rosh Hashanah (Jewish new year) Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement) Succoth (Feast of Tabernacles), first day Hanukkah, first day 20 Mar 19 Apr Jun 29 Sep Oct 13 Oct 21 Dec Countess of Wessex’s birthday Accession of the Queen Duke of York’s birthday St David’s Day Commonwealth Day Earl of Wessex’s birthday St Patrick’s Day Birthday of the Queen St George’s Day Europe Day Coronation Day Duke of Edinburgh’s birthday The Queen’s Official Birthday Duchess of Cornwall’s birthday Princess Royal’s birthday Lord Mayor’s Day Prince of Wales’ birthday Remembrance Sunday Wedding Day of the Queen St Andrew’s Day 20 Jan Feb 19 Feb Mar 14 Mar 10 Mar 17 Mar 21 Apr 23 Apr May Jun 10 Jun 11 Jun 17 Jul 15 Aug 12 Nov 14 Nov 13 Nov 20 Nov 30 Nov LEGAL CALENDAR LAW TERMS Hilary Term Easter Term Trinity Term Michaelmas Term QUARTER DAYS England, Wales and Northern Ireland Lady – 25 Mar Midsummer – 24 Jun Michaelmas – 29 Sep Christmas – 25 Dec 11 Jan to 20 April May to 27 May Jun to 30 Jul Oct to 21 Dec TERM DAYS Scotland Candlemas – 28 Feb Whitsunday – 28 May Lammas – 28 Aug Martinmas – 28 Nov (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 10 The Year 2011 2011 JANUARY Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday FEBRUARY 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 30 24 31 25 26 27 28 29 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 31 25 26 27 28 29 30 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 30 24 31 25 26 27 28 29 APRIL Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 27 21 28 22 23 24 25 26 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 29 23 30 24 31 25 26 27 28 Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 SEPTEMBER NOVEMBER Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday JUNE AUGUST OCTOBER Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday MARCH 10 11 12 MAY JULY Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday DECEMBER Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday PUBLIC HOLIDAYS England and Wales Scotland Northern Ireland New Year St Patrick’s Day *Good Friday Easter Monday Early May Spring Battle of the Boyne Summer St Andrew’s Day *Christmas January† — 22 April 25 April May† 30 May — 29 August — 26, 27 December 3, 4† January — 22 April — May 30 May† — August 30 Nov§ 26†, 27 December January† 17 March 22 April 25 April May† 30 May 12 July‡ 29 August — 26, 27 December * In England, Wales and Northern Ireland, Christmas Day and Good Friday are common law holidays † Subject to royal proclamation ‡ Subject to proclamation by the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland § The St Andrew’s Day Holiday (Scotland) Bill was approved by parliament on 29 November 2006; it does not oblige employers to change their existing pattern of holidays but provides the legal framework in which the St Andrew’s Day bank holiday could be substituted for an existing local holiday from another date in the year Note: In the Channel Islands, Liberation Day is a bank and public holiday (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved Index OFCOM (Office of Communications) 232, 607, 612 Office for Budget Responsibility 232 Office for Civil Society 196 Office for National Statistics 213, 558 Office for Standards in Education, Children’s Services and Skills (Ofsted) 212, 367, 427 Office of Communications (OFCOM) 232, 607, 612 Office of Fair Trading (OFT) 212 Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (OFGEM) 212, 449 Office of Government Commerce (OGC) 195, 204 Office of Manpower Economics (OME) 233 Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI) 208 Office of Rail Regulation (ORR) 212, 452, 453 Office of the Advocate-General for Scotland 202 Office of the Chief Information Officer 195 Office of the Civil Service Commissioners (OCSC) 196 Office of the Commissioner for Public Appointments (OCPA) 196 Office of the Government Chief Information Officer 196 Office of the Leader of the House of Commons 202 Office of the Pensions Ombudsman 338 Office of the Public Guardian 208 Office of the Qualifications and Examinations Regulator (OFQUAL) 371 Office of the Telecommunications Ombudsman (Otelo) 339 officers salaries 360 service retired pay 362 offices of the royal household 26 Official Roll of the Baronetage 85 OFGEM (Office of Gas and Electricity Markets) 212, 449 Oflot (Office of the National Lottery) see National Lottery Commission OFQUAL (Office of the Qualifications and Examinations Regulator) 371 Ofsted (Office for Standards in Education, Children’s Services and Skills) 212, 367, 427 OFT (Office of Fair Trading) 212 OFWAT (Water Services Regulation Authority) 213, 444 OGC (Office of Government Commerce) 195, 204 Ogilvy, the Hon Lady see Alexandra, Princess Ogilvy, the Rt Hon Sir Angus 25 Ogmore constituencies UK parliament 178 Welsh assembly 250 Ohio 1056 ohms 1316 OIC (Organisation of the Islamic Conference) 722 oil 446 Ojos del Salado 680 Oklahoma 1056 ‘Old Bailey’ 533 Old Bexley & Sidcup, constituency 166 older people, local authority services 426 Oldham constituencies 166 metropolitan borough council 281, 297 Olympiads 1296 Omagh, district council 283, 315 Oman 959 The Ombudsman Service Limited (TOSL) 339 Ombudsman Services: Property 339 ombudsmen energy 339 financial 337, 432, 544, 548, 559 health service 338, 425 housing 337 legal services 337 local government 274, 337, 338 music copyright 339 Northern Ireland assembly 338 Northern Ireland police 340 parliamentary 338 pensions 338, 432, 548 property 338 public services Scotland 339 Wales 338 removals 338 surveyors 339 telecommunications 339 waterways 339 OME (Office of Manpower Economics) 233 online museum 521 ONS (Office for National Statistics) 213 OPAS (Pensions Advisory Service) 432 OPEC (Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) 722 open spaces of London 531 Open University 389 opera (2009–10) 1169 productions 1172 ophthalmic services, NHS 423 opposition 136 leader see leader of the opposition shadow cabinet 137 opposition days 134 opposition parties, financial support 136 OPRA (Occupational Pensions Regulatory Authority) see Pensions Regulator OPSI (Office of Public Sector Information) 208 optometry and dispensing optics, professional education 398 Oranjestad 949 order of succession 25 orders of chivalry 82 orders of knighthood 85 ordinary adoption leave 592 ordinary maternity leave 592 ordination of women 468 Ordnance Survey 206 Oregon 1056 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 720 1357 Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) 721 Organisation of African Unity (OAU) 707 Organisation of American States (OAS) 721 Organisation of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) 721 Organisation of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC) 721 Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) 722 Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) 722 Oriental Orthodox churches 486 orienteering, representative body 648 Orkney & Shetland, UK parliament constituency 182 Orkney 310 Scottish parliament constituency 260 unitary authority 283, 313 Orpington, constituency 166 ORR (Office of Rail Regulation) 212, 452, 453 Orthodox churches 485 calendar 1290 orthoptics, professional education 397 orthotics, professional education 397 OSCE (Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe) 721 Oslo 957 Ossory, bishop (RC) 482 osteopathy, professional education 398 Otelo (Office of the Telecommunications Ombudsman) 339 Ottawa 782 Ouagadougou 775 outdoor bowls, sports results (2009–10) 1205 outer house, court of session 328 out-of-hours (OOH) care 422 output tax 578 overseas clergy 478 overseas postal services 491 overseas travel 694 Oxford 290 bishop 474 constituencies 166 district council 280, 295 museums and art galleries 525 universities 389 Oxford Brookes University 390 Oxfordshire, county council 279 P Pacific, Australasia and, events (2009–10) 1112 Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) 722 Paganism 466 Pago Pago 1056, 1059 Paisley & Renfrewshire, UK parliament constituencies 182 Paisley bishop (RC) 482 Scottish parliament constituencies 260 Pakistan 961 Palaeozoic era 1302 Palau 963 Palestinian Autonomous Areas 875 Palikir 930 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 1358 Index palladium hallmarks 537 palliative care 424 Palma 1013 Palm Sunday 1290 PALS (patients advice and liaison service) 425 Panama 964 Panama City 964 Panel on Takeovers and Mergers 548 Papeete 836 paper measures 1318 Papua New Guinea 966 Parades Commission 233 Paraguay 967 Paramaribo 1018 paramedical services, professional education 397 Parcelforce Worldwide 491, 492 parcel rates 491 parental leave 591 parental responsibility 594 parental rights 591 parents tracing natural 582 Paris 833 parish councils 275 Parker Bowles, Camilla see Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall parks of London 531 parliament 127 glossary of aspects of work 133 public acts (2009–10) 1180 white papers (2009–10) 1183 year (2009–10) 1175 see also Houses of Parliament Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949 134 parliamentary annuities 29 Parliamentary Archives 135 parliamentary commissioner for administration 338 parliamentary constituencies see constituencies Parliamentary Ombudsman 338 parliamentary privilege 134 Parole Board for England and Wales 233 Parole Board for Scotland 233 Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (PPARC) see STFC parties, political see political parties partnership and cooperation agreements (PCAs) 699 partnership for peace programme (PFP) 719 partnerships for health 421 Partners in Population and Development 722 party of Wales see Plaid Cymru passenger numbers by air 451 by sea 459 passport applications and regulations 492, 694 Passport Service 208 Patent Office see UK Intellectual Property Office patents 606 patents court 322 paternity leave 592 paternity pay 592 patients advice and liaison service (PALS) 425 patriarchates of the Eastern Orthodox Church 485 of the Oriental Orthodox churches 486 pay as you earn (PAYE) system 569 payment clearings 544 Payments Council 544 PCAs (partnership and cooperation agreements) 699 PCC (Press Complaints Commission) 619 PCTs see primary care trusts peacekeeping forces, UN 726 Peak District national park 503 peerage 44 disclaimed 45 extinct since last edition 45 hereditary 44, 46 hereditary women 44 life 44, 66 membership of the House of Lords 128 minors 45 peers of the blood royal 46 forms of address 46 peers’ surnames 77 Pembrokeshire, unitary authority 282, 308 Pembrokeshire Coast national park 503 Pendle constituency 167 district council 280, 295 peninsulas, largest 678 Penistone & Stocksbridge, constituency 167 Pennsylvania 1056 Peñôn de Alhucemas 1013 Peñôn de la Gomera (Peñôn de Velez) 1013 Penrith & the Border, constituency 167 Penrith, bishop suffragan 471 Pension, Disability and Carers Service 210 pension credit 438, 439 weekly rates 439 Pension Protection Fund (PPF) 233, 547 pensions 430, 562 armed forces 362 complaints 432 MPs 131 tax relief on contributions 568 see also state pension scheme; war pensions Pensions, Department for Work and see Department for Work and Pensions Pensions Advisory Service (OPAS) 432 Pensions Appeal Tribunals see War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber Pensions Appeal Tribunals for Scotland 333 Pension Service 210, 431 Pensions Ombudsman 338, 432, 548 Pensions Regulator 233, 432 Pentecost 1291 Sunday after 1291 Pentecostal churches 487 people’s question time 241 People’s Republic of China see China PEPs (personal equity plans) 566 periodicals 623 periodic table 1321 personal equity plans (PEPs) 566 personal medical service (PMS) pilots 422 personal pension schemes 431 personal social services 426 staff 426 Perth & Perthshire North, UK parliament constituency 182 Perth, Scottish parliament constituency 260 Perth and Kinross, unitary authority 283, 313 Peru 969 Peterborough bishop 475 constituency 167 unitary authority 282, 298 PFI (private finance initiative) 421 PFP (partnership for peace programme) 719 PGCE (postgraduate certificate in education) 401 pharmaceutical services, NHS 423 pharmacy, professional education 398 Phd see doctorate Philip, Prince 24 funding 29 military ranks and titles 31 private secretary 26 Philippines 971 Philips, Mark 24 Phnom Penh 778 physiotherapy, professional education 397 PIF (Pacific Islands Forum) 722 Pitcairn Islands 1081 Plaid Cymru 137 development 136 financial support 136 representation in House of Commons 130 planets see individual planets eg Mercury; transit of planning, town and country 601 Planning Inspectorate 206 planning permission 601 Plantagenets 34 plants, protected 510 PLA (Port of London Authority) 534 platinum hallmarks 537 Pluto 1287 satellites 1287 Plymouth bishop (RC) 481 bishop suffragan 472 constituencies 167 unitary authority 282, 298 university 390 museums and art galleries 525 Plymouth Brethren 483 Plymouth (Montserrat) 1081 PMDU (The Prime Minister’s Delivery Unit) 204 PMRAFNS (Princess Mary’s Royal Air Force Nursing Service) 359 PMS (personal medical service) pilots 422 PNB (Police Negotiating Board) 234 pneumoconiosis, byssinosis and miscellaneous diseases benefit scheme 441 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved Index podcasting 610 Podgorica 935 podiatry, professional education 396 poet laureate 28 Poland 973 EU membership 696, 706 polar diameter and circumference 677 Police Advisory Board for England and Wales 234 Police Complaints Authority see Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) Police Complaints Commissioner for Scotland 340 Police Negotiating Board (PNB) 234 Police Ombudsman for Northern Ireland 340 police service 340 complaints 340 national police services 341 police authorities 340 police forces 342 rates of pay 344 staff associations 344 Police Service of Northern Ireland 342 rates of pay 344 political parties 135 development 136 in the European parliament 706 representation in House of Commons 130 representation in House of Lords 129 polo representative body 648 sports results (2009–10) 1217 Polynesia, French 836 Ponta Delgada 976 Pontefract, bishop suffragan 477 Pontypridd constituencies UK parliament 178 Welsh assembly 250 Poole constituency 167 unitary authority 282, 298 the Pope 480 Poplar & Limehouse, constituency 167 pop music (2009–10) 1165 awards 1168 population UK statistics 17 England 17, 284 Northern Ireland 17, 314 Scotland 17, 309 Wales 17, 306 of prisons 345 Port-au-Prince 855 Port Louis 926 Port Moresby 966 Port of London 534 Port of London Authority (PLA) 534 Port of Spain 1037 Porto Novo 762 ports 458 Portsmouth bishop 475 bishop (RC) 481 constituencies 167 unitary authority 282, 298 university 390 museums and art galleries 525 Portugal 975 autonomous regions 976 EU membership 696, 706 Port Vila 1063 Porvoo declaration 468 post-16 education 365, 374 financial support 375 postal services 491 Postal Services Commission (Postcomm) 212 postal votes 602 postcode enquiries 492, 493 Postcomm (Postal Services Commission) 212, 491 postgraduate certificate in education (PGCE) 377, 401 postgraduate studies 377 admissions 377 awards 380 Post Office 493 Post Office (PO) box 492 pound sterling 540 purchasing power 558 Powys, unitary authority 282, 308 PPARC (Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council) see STFC PPF (Pension Protection Fund) 233, 547 Prague 810 Praia 784 precedence 42 premium bonds 549 Presbyterian Church in Ireland 487 Presbyterian Church of Wales 487 presbyteries of the Church of Scotland 479 pre-school education 363 prescription charge system 422 Preseli Pembrokeshire constituencies UK parliament 178 Welsh assembly 250 president of the courts of England and Wales 319 president of the EU 702 the press 619 complaints 619 newspapers 619 periodicals 623 self-regulation 619 see also media (2009–10) Press Complaints Commission (PCC) 619 Preston constituency 167 district council 280, 295 museums and art galleries 525 Pretoria 1009 pricing in proportion 491 Prikaspiyskaya Nizmennost’ 679 primary and community healthcare 422 primary care trusts (PCTs) 419, 422 primary education 364 primary fuels 446 Primary Health Lists 332 primary medical services 422 primates overseas 478 see also archbishops 1359 prime minister 191 office of 135 residence 533 salary 193 Prime Minister’s Delivery Unit 204 Prime Minister’s Office 196 Prime Minister’s Questions 134 primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church 478 princes see individual princes eg Andrew, Prince princes of Wales 38 see also Charles, Prince of Wales princesses see individual princesses eg Kent, Princess Michael of princesses royal 38 see also Anne, Princess Princess Mary’s Royal Air Force Nursing Service (PMRAFNS) 359 Principe, Sao Tome and 991 printing paper, measures of 1318 prison service 345 complaints 345 inmate population 345 inspectorates 345 operating costs 346 prison establishments 345, 347 private sector 345 self-inflicted deaths 346 Prison Service Pay Review Body (PSPRB) 234 private bills 134 private finance initiative (PFI) 421 private medical insurance 562 private member’s bills 134 private notice questions 134 private patients in the NHS 424 private pension schemes 431 private secretaries to the royal family 26 Private Secretary’s Office 26 privilege of parliament 134 Privy Council 123, 127 members 123 forms of address 123 see also Judicial Committee of the Privy Council Privy Council Office 202 Privy Council of Northern Ireland 126 privy purse 26, 29 probate 603 proceedings against the crown 586 Procurator Fiscal Service 327, 328, 329 professional education 393 EU recognition 393 Property Ombudsman 338 prosthetics, professional education 397 protection of children 427 provosts 274 proxy, voting by 602 The PRS for Music Ombudsman 339 PSPRB (Prison Service Pay Review Body) 234 public acts of parliament (2009–10) 1180 public bills 134 public bodies 214 public examinations and qualifications 370 for teachers 401 functional skills 372 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 1360 Index higher education 377 secondary education 371 vocational 372 Scotland courses 373 group awards 373 units 373 Public Guardianship Office (PGO) see Office of the Public Guardian public holidays 1295 year 2011 10 year 2012 11 public lending right system 234 public prosecutions, director of see director of public prosecutions public sector finances 552 Public Services Ombudsman for Wales 338 publishers 632 Pudsey, constituency 167 Puerto Barquerizo Moreno 820 Puerto Rico 1056, 1058 Puffin Island 284 Purbeck, district council 280, 295 purchasing power of the pound 558 Putney, constituency 167 Pyongyang 890 Q QAA (Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education) 376 QARANC (Queen Alexandra’s Royal Army Nursing Corps) 357 QARNNS (Queen Alexandra’s Royal Naval Nursing Service) 354 Qatar 976 QCDA (Qualifications and Curriculum Development Agency) 367 QTS (qualified teacher status) 401 quadrillion, definition 1317 Quakerism 487 qualifications see public examinations and qualifications Qualifications and Curriculum Development Agency (QCDA) 367 qualified teacher status (QTS) 401 Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (QAA) 376 quarter days 1295 year 2009 Queen, the see Elizabeth II Queen Alexandra’s Royal Army Nursing Corps (QARANC) 357 Queen Alexandra’s Royal Naval Nursing Service (QARNNS) 354 Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre 206 Queen Maud Land 959 queens of England (927–1603) 34 of Scotland (1016–1603) 37 British (since 1603) 36 Queen’s bench division of the high court of justice 319, 322 Queen’s Diamond Jubilee 11 Queensland 745 Queen’s representatives in local government 274 Queen’s University Belfast 390 question time 134 Quito 818 R Rabat 937 RAB (Radio Advertising Bureau) 612 rackets representative body 648 sports results (2009–10) 1217 radio 609 see also media (2009–10) Radio 610 Radio 610 Radio 610 Radio 611 Radio Advertising Bureau (RAB) 612 Radio Authority (RA) 612 RadioCentre 612 Radio Five Live 611 Radio Five Live Sports Extra 611 radiography, professional education 397 radio time-signals 1285 RAF (Royal Air Force) 358 constitution 358 equipment 358 ranks 361 salaries 360 staff appointments 358 strength 350 Rail Passengers Council (RPC) 452, 453 Rail Regulator see ORR railways 452 Channel tunnel link 454 freight 453 safety 453 services 452 tunnels 684 rainfall records (2009–10) 1195 Ramadan 1294 Ramsar convention (1971) 509 Ramsbury, bishop suffragan 476 Rangoon see Naypyidaw ranks of the armed forces 361 Raphoe, bishop (RC) 482 rapid reaction force 698 rates non-domestic 273, 275 Northern Ireland 278 RAUXAF (Royal Auxiliary Air Force) 359 Rayleigh & Wickford, constituency 167 RBGE (Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh) 235 RBG (Royal Botanic Gardens) Kew 235, 532 RCHs (recognised clearing houses) 548 RDAs (Regional Development Agencies) 234 Reading area bishop 474 constituencies 167 unitary authority 282, 298 university 390 real tennis representative body 648 sports results (2009–10) 1217 recognised clearing houses (RCHs) 548 recognised investment exchanges (RIEs) 548 recorded signed for 492 recorders England and Wales 320 Northern Ireland 330 Redbridge, London borough council 281, 305 Redcar, constituency 167 Redcar and Cleveland, unitary authority 282, 298 Red Crescent 717 Red Cross 717 Redditch constituency 167 district council 280, 295 redirection of post 492 red-letter days 1295 redundancy 592 refraction, mean 1286 regencies 127 Regent’s Park and Primrose Hill 532 regional assemblies, establishment of 275 regional chambers/assemblies 275 regional daily newspapers 621 Regional Development Agencies (RDAs) 234 regional government 241 London 241 Northern Ireland 263 Scotland 252 Wales 246 regions European parliament 270 Scottish parliament 261 Welsh assembly 251 registered community design 605 registered design 605 Registrar of Public Lending Right 234 registration of births 582 of deaths 586 regnal years 1295 regular marriages 600 regulated payments, social fund 440 regulated tenancies 596 Reigate, constituency 168 Reigate and Banstead, district council 280, 295 relays men national (UK) records 1225 world records 1224 women national (UK) records 1226 world records 1225 religion in the UK 461 Religions and Beliefs 461 religious calendars see also types of religion eg Hindu calendar Religious Society of Friends 487 Removals Industry Ombudsman Scheme 338 renewable energy sources 450 targets for 499 Renfrewshire, unitary authority 283, 313 Renfrewshire East, UK parliament constituency 182 Renfrewshire West, Scottish parliament constituency 260 Rent Service see Valuation Office Agency (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved Index Repton, bishop suffragan 472 Republic of Korea 892 Republic of the Congo 800 research and technology organisations 418 research councils 414 Research Disclosure journal 606 research disclosures 606 resettlement grants 362 residential lettings 595 Residential Property Tribunal Service 336 resident magistrates 330 resident population statistics 18 retail banking 544 retail price index (RPI) 557 retirement pension see state pension scheme Réunion 836 revenue, government 553 Revenue and Customs 211 Revenue and Customs Prosecutions Office (RCPO) see Crown Prosecution Service revocation of wills 603 Reykjavík 860 RFA (Royal Fleet Auxiliary Service) 354 Rhode Island 1056 Rhondda constituencies UK parliament 178 Welsh assembly 250 Rhondda Cynon Taff, unitary authority 282, 308 RIBA (Royal Institute of British Architects) 394 Ribble South constituency 170 district council 280, 296 Ribble Valley constituency 168 district council 280, 295 Richborough, bishop suffragan 469 Richmond Park 532 constituency 168 Richmondshire, district council 280, 296 Richmond upon Thames, London borough council 281, 305 Richmond (Yorks), constituency 168 RICS (Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors) 401 RIEs (recognised investment exchanges) 548 Riga 900 Ripon and Leeds, bishop 475 rising and setting times 1278 rivers in England 284 longest 681 in UK 681 in Scotland 309 in Wales 306 Riyadh 992 RMR (Royal Marines Reserve) 354 RNR (Royal Naval Reserve) 354 roads 454 finance 454 length 455 safety 456 Road Town 1078 road use 455 road user charging 455 Robert Gordon University 390 Rochdale constituency 168 metropolitan borough council 281, 297 Rochester & Strood, constituency 168 Rochester, bishop 475 Rochford & Southend East, constituency 168 Rochford, district council 280, 296 Roehampton University 390 Rogation Days 1291 roll-over relief on capital gains tax 572 Roman calendar 1297 see also Julian calendar Roman Catholic Church 480 England and Wales 481 Ireland 482 Scotland 481 Romania 978 EU membership 696, 699, 706 Romanian Orthodox Church calendar 1290 Roman indiction 1296 Roman remains in London 534 Rome 877 see also treaty of Rome Romford, constituency 168 Romsey & Southampton North, constituency 168 Roseau 816 Ross, Skye & Inverness West, Scottish parliament constituency 260 Ross, Skye & Lochaber, UK parliament constituency 182 Ross Dependency 951 Rossendale & Darwen, constituency 168 Rossendale, district council 280, 296 Rother, district council 280, 296 Rotherham constituency 168 metropolitan borough council 281, 297 Rother Valley, constituency 168 rowing representative bodies 648 sports results (2009–10) 1217 Roxburgh & Berwickshire, Scottish parliament constituency 260 Royal Academy of Arts 413, 523 Royal Academy of Engineering 412 Royal Air Force see RAF Royal Air Force Museum 235, 524 Royal Albert Hall 534 royal archives 26 royal assent 134 Royal Auxiliary Air Force (RAUXAF) 359 Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE) 235 Royal Botanic Gardens (RBG) Kew 235, 532 Royal Collection 27 Royal College of Art 391 Royal College of Music 391 Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons 401 Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution 235 Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland 235 1361 Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales 236 Royal Courts of Justice 534 royal family 24 finances 29 military ranks and titles 30 private secretaries 26 taxation 30 Royal Fleet Auxiliary Service (RFA) 354 Royal Hospital, Chelsea 534 royal household, offices of 26 Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) 394 Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) 401 Royal Mail Group 236, 491, 493 Royal Marines 353 Royal Marines Reserves (RMR) 354 Royal Mint 209 Royal National Theatre 535 Royal Naval College 515, 534 Royal Naval Reserve (RNR) 354 Royal Navy 353 fleet 354 ranks 361 salaries 360 staff appointments 353 strength 350 Royal Observatory 515 Royal Opera House 535 Royal Palaces 514, 518, 520, 535 the Royal Parks 206, 532 royal peculiars 477 Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain 399 royal salutes 28 Royal Scottish Academy 413 Royal Society 412 Royal Society of Edinburgh (RSE) 413 Royal Standard 23 Royal Victorian Chain 84 Royal Victorian Order 83 RPA (Rural Payments Agency) 207 RPC (Rail Passengers Council) 452, 453 RPI (retail price index) 557 RSE (Royal Society of Edinburgh) 413 Rugby constituency 168 district council 280, 296 rugby fives sports results (2009–10) 1218 rugby league representative bodies 648 sports results (2009–10) 1218 rugby union representative bodies 648 sports results (2009–10) 1218 Ruislip, Northwood & Pinner, constituency 168 Runnymede & Weybridge, constituency 168 Runnymede, district council 280, 296 Rural Affairs, Department for Environment, Food and see Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Rural Payments Agency 207 Rushcliffe constituency 168 district council 280, 296 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 1362 Index Rushmoor, district council 280, 296 Russia 980 Russian Orthodox Church 486 Rutherglen & Hamilton West, UK parliament constituency 182 Rutland & Melton, constituency 168 Rutland, unitary authority 282, 298 Rwanda 984 see also International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) Ryedale, district council 280, 296 S S4C Wales 609 SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) 723 SAAS (Student Award Agency for Scotland) 379, 380 SAA (stabilisation and association agreement) 699 SADC (Southern African Development Community) 723 safety marine 458 rail 453 on roads 456 Saffron Walden, constituency 168 St Albans 290 bishop 475 constituency 169 district council 280, 296 St Andrews and Edinburgh, archbishop (RC) 481 St Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane, bishop 478 St Andrews, university 391 St Anne 318 St Asaph, bishop 477 St Austell & Newquay, constituency 169 St Christopher and Nevis 985 St David’s, bishop 478 St Denis 836 St Edmundsbury and Ipswich, bishop 475 St Edmundsbury, district council 280, 296 St George’s (capital of Grenada) 849 St Germans, bishop suffragan 477 St Gotthard (rail) tunnel 684 St Helena and Dependencies 1082 St Helens constituencies 169 metropolitan borough council 281, 297 St Helier 317 St James’s Palace 535 St Ives, constituency 169 St James’s Park 532 St John’s 740 St Kitts and Nevis 985 St Lawrence canal 684 St Lawrence seaway 684 St Lucia 987 St Mary Axe 532 St Michael and St George, Most Distinguished Order 83 St Paul’s Cathedral 535 St Peter Port 318 St Pierre 837 St Pierre and Miquelon 837 saints days 1295 St Vincent and the Grenadines 988 Saipan 1056, 1059 Saka era 1296 sale of goods 584 Salford & Eccles, constituency 169 Salford bishop (RC) 481 metropolitan borough council 281, 297 university 391 Salisbury 290 bishop 476 constituency 169 Saltire 309 salutes, royal 28 Salvation Army 487 same-sex couples 589 Samoa 989 Samoa, American 1056, 1059 Sana’a’ 1068 Sandwell, metropolitan borough council 281, 297 San José 802 San Juan 1056, 1058 San Marino 990 San Marino (capital city) 990 San Salvador 822 Santa Cruz 765 Santiago 788 Santo Domingo 817 Sao Tome and Principe 991 Sao Tome (capital city) 991 SAP (statutory adoption pay) 442 Sarajevo 767 Sark 318 satellites 1287 Saturn 1287 satellites 1287 see also months of the year eg January, Saturn in Saudi Arabia 992 savings effect on social fund payments 440 income from 566 savings credit 439 Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, house of 36 Scarborough & Whitby, constituency 169 Scarborough, district council 280, 296 scheduled monuments 513 Schengen agreement 698 Schengen information system 698 scholarship, national academies of 412 school-centred initial teacher training 401 schools 365 categories 365 compulsory subjects 367 grammar 365 independent see independent schools middle 364 numbers by category 366 primary 364 secondary 364 special 364 School Teachers’ Review Body (STRB) 236 science government budget (2009–10) 412, 414 see also environment and science science and discovery (2009–10) 1184 Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) 418 Science Museum 236, 524 Scilly, Isles of 285 water authority 443 unitary authority 282, 298 Scotland area 17, 309 banknotes 541 chiefs of clans 121 constituencies (UK parliament) 179 early history 310 flag 309 historic buildings and monuments 519 hydrography 309 islands 310 judicature 327 kings and queens (1016 to 1603) 37 languages 309 local government see local government museums and art galleries 527 national parks 504 national scenic areas 505 NHS structure 420 police forces 342 population statistics 17, 309 precedence 43 principal cities 311 prison establishments 349 public holidays 10, 11, 1295 regional government 252 relief 309 water industry 445 see also Church of Scotland Scotland, Central Scottish parliament region 261 Scotland, European parliament region 271 Scotland, Mid and Fife Scottish parliament region 262 Scotland, North East Scottish parliament region 262 Scotland Office 202 Scotland, South Scottish parliament region 262 Scotland, West Scottish parliament region 262 Scottish and Southern Energy plc 448 Scottish Borders unitary authority 283, 313 Scottish Court Service 329 Scottish credit and qualifications framework (SCQF) 373 Scottish Criminal Cases Review Commission 237 Scottish Enterprise 237 Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) 237, 445 Scottish Episcopal Church 478 Scottish executive see Scottish government Scottish Funding Council 375 Scottish government 252 Scottish land court 329 Scottish Law Commission 237 Scottish Legal Aid Board 237 Scottish National party see SNP Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) 237, 506 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved Index Scottish parliament 128, 253 constituencies 255 departments and executive agencies 252 members 253 political composition 254 regions 261 salaries 253 Scottish Power plc 448 Scottish Prisons Complaints Commission 237 Scottish Prison Service (SPS) 346 operating costs 346 salaries 346 Scottish Public Services Ombudsman 339 Scottish Qualifications Authority (SQA) 373 Scottish Solicitors’ Discipline Tribunal 336 Scottish Trades Union Congress (STUC) 642 Scottish vocational qualifications (SVQs) 373 Scottish Water 443, 445 SCQF (Scottish credit and qualifications framework) 373 Scunthorpe, constituency 169 SDA see severe disablement allowance SDLP (Social Democratic and Labour party) 137 development 136 financial support 136 representation in House of Commons 130 SDRT (stamp duty reserve tax) 580 Seafish Industry Authority 238 seas area and depth 677 SEA (Single European Act) 700, 702 seasons 1229 seats in House of Commons number 130 vacancies 134 secondary education 364 secondary health care services 423 second class post 491 Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) 723 secretaries-general of the UN 727 secretaries of state 191 salaries 193 Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) 213 secure tenancies 596 security and intelligence services 213 Security Council 725 Security Service (MI5) 213 Sedgefield, constituency 169 Sedgemoor, district council 280, 296 Sefton, metropolitan borough council 281, 297 Sefton Central, constituency 169 Selby & Ainsty, constituency 169 Selby bishop suffragan 469 district council 280, 296 select committees House of Commons 133, 134 House of Lords 128, 129, 134 self-assessment for corporation tax 576 for income tax 569 self-employed 591 Senegal 994 senior civil service 193 Senior Courts of England and Wales 319, 321 Departments and Offices 323 senior judiciary of England and Wales 321 senior military officers pay system 360 Senior Salaries Review Body 238 Seoul 892 separation 587 SEPA (Scottish Environment Protection Agency) 237, 445 September 1262 astronomical phenomena 1262 calendar 1262 constellations 1262 duration of twilight 1263 high water 1310 minima of algol 1262 night sky 1263 sunrise and sunset 1265 zodiacal light 1263 Moon 1262 position 1264 Sun 1263 Jupiter in 1265 Mars in 1264 Mercury in 1264 Neptune in 1265 Saturn in 1265 Uranus in 1265 Venus in 1264 Serbia 996 Serbian Orthodox Church 486 Serious Fraud Office 213 Serious Organised Crime Agency (SOCA) 238, 341 SERPS (state earnings-related pension scheme) 431 Service Personnel and Veterans Agency (SPVA) 432 service retired pay 362 services supply of 585 service salaries 360 setting times, rising and 1278 Sevenoaks constituency 169 district council 280, 296 Seventh-day Adventist Church 488 severe disablement allowance (SDA) 438 weekly rates 438 Severn river 284 Seychelles 998 shadow cabinet 137 Shanghai Cooperation Organisation 723 Shareholder Executive 194 SHAs (strategic health authorities) 419, 420 Sheep Islands see Faeroe Islands Sheffield 291 bishop 476 constituencies 169 metropolitan borough council 281, 297 museums and art galleries 526 universities 391 Sheffield Hallam University 391 Shenshai calendar 1296 Shepway, district council 280, 296 Sherbourne, bishop suffragan 476 sheriff court of chancery 328 1363 sheriff courts 327 sheriffdoms (Scottish judicature) 327, 329 sheriffs (City of London) 276, 300, 301 sheriffs (county) see high sheriffs sheriffs (Scottish judicature) 329 Sherwood bishop suffragan 476 constituency 170 Shetland 310 Scottish parliament constituency 260 unitary authority 283, 313 ship canals, longest 684 Shipley, constituency 170 shipping 458 Lloyd’s intelligence service 561 UK-owned vessels 459 shipping forecast areas 460 ships, measurement of water for 1317 shires of England 292 map 299 shooting representative bodies 648 sports results (2009–10) 1219 shortest day 1229 Short money 136 short-term incapacity benefit 435 Shrewsbury & Atcham, constituency 170 Shrewsbury bishop (RC) 481 bishop suffragan 473 Shropshire, unitary authority 282, 298 Shropshire North, constituency 170 sick pay 591 sidereal time 1284 conversion of mean time to 1280 Sierra Leone 999 sights of London 529 sight tests 423 Sikh calendar 1294 year 2011 Sikhism 466 adherents in UK 461 silver coin 540 silver hallmarks 537 Singapore 1001 single currency 701 Single European Act (SEA) 700, 702 single market 700 Sinn Fein 137 representation in House of Commons 130 SI prefixes 1315 sites of special scientific interest (SSSIs) 506 Sittingbourne & Sheppey, constituency 170 SI units of measurement 1315 six pips signal 1285 sixth form colleges see post-16 education skiing see alpine skiing Skills Funding Agency 238 Skipton & Ripon, constituency 170 Skopje 912 Sleaford & North Hykeham, constituency 170 Slough constituency 170 unitary authority 282, 298 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 1364 Index Slovakia 1002 EU membership 696, 706 Slovenia 1004 EU membership 696, 706 SMP (statutory maternity pay) 441, 592 SNH (Scottish Natural Heritage) 237, 506 snooker representative bodies 646 sports results (2009–10) 1219 snowboarding, representative bodies 649 Snowdonia/Eryri national park 503 SNP (Scottish National party) 137 development 136 financial support 136 representation in House of Commons 130 SOCA (Serious Organised Crime Agency) 238, 341 Social Democratic and Labour party see SDLP Social Democratic party (SDP) 136 Social Entitlement Chamber 332 social fund 440 social fund commissioner 227 Social Security and Child Support Tribunal 333 social security benefits see benefits Social Security Commissioners see Administrative Appeals Chamber Social Security Commissioners for Northern Ireland 333 social welfare 419 social work, professional education 400 societies 653 Society of Genealogists 583 Society of Knights see Imperial Society of Knights Bachelor Sodor and Man, bishop 476 Sofia 774 solar (or major) cycle 1295 solar system 1287 see also individual planets eg Mars soldiers salaries 361 service retired pay 362 solemnisation of marriages 600 solicitors professional education 400 see also duty solicitors Solicitors’ Disciplinary Tribunal 336 Solihull constituency 170 metropolitan borough council 281, 297 Solomon Islands 1005 solstice 1289 Somalia 1007 Somerset, county council 279 Somerset, constituencies 170 Somerset House 535 Somerton & Frome, constituency 170 Sophie, Countess of Wessex military ranks and titles 32 private secretary 26 sound, measurement 1316 South Africa 1008 South America, geographical statistics 678 Southampton 291 airport 451, 452 bishop suffragan 470 constituencies 170 museums and art galleries 526 unitary authority 282, 298 universities 391 South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) 723 South Australia 745 South Ayrshire, unitary authority 283, 313 South Bank 535 South Bucks, district council 280, 296 South Cambridgeshire, district council 280, 296 South Carolina 1056 South Dakota 1056 South Derbyshire, district council 280, 296 South Downs, designation as a national park 503 South East, European parliament region 271 Southend-on-Sea, unitary authority 282, 298 Southend West, constituency 170 Southern African Development Community (SADC) 723 Southern and Antarctic territories 837 South Georgia 1083 South Gloucestershire, unitary authority 282, 298 South Hams, district council 280, 296 South Holland & the Deepings, constituency 170 South Holland, district council 280, 296 South Kesteven, district council 280, 296 South Korea see Republic of Korea South Lakeland, district council 280, 296 South Lanarkshire, unitary authority 283, 313 South Norfolk, district council 280, 296 South Northamptonshire, district council 280, 296 South Oxfordshire, district council 280, 296 South Pacific Commission see Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) South Pole 1074 Southport, constituency 170 South Ribble constituency 170 district council 280, 296 South Sandwich Islands 1083 South Shields constituency 170 museums and art galleries 526 South Somerset, district council 280, 296 South Staffordshire, district council 280, 296 South Tyneside, metropolitan borough council 297 South Wales Central, Welsh assembly region 251 South Wales East, Welsh assembly region 251 South Wales West, Welsh assembly region 251 Southwark archbishop (RC) 481 bishop 476 London borough council 281, 305 Southwark Cathedral 535 Southwell and Nottingham, bishop 476 South West, GLA constituency 245 South West, European parliament region 271 the sovereign 127 see also crown; Elizabeth II sovereign in council see Privy Council sovereign pontiff 480 sovereigns and princes of Wales 38 see also Charles, Prince of Wales Spain 1011 EU membership 696, 706 islands and enclaves 1013 overseas territories 1013 SPC (Secretariat of the Pacific Community) 723 speakers House of Commons 131, 134 House of Lords 129 special advisers to government ministers, salaries 193 special commissioners see Tax Chamber special constabulary 343 special delivery next day 492 special delivery services 492 special education 364 Special Educational Needs and Disability Tribunal 332 Special Immigration Appeals Commission 334 special licence, marriage by 599 speech and language therapy, professional education 397 speed, nautical measurement 1317 speed skating, sports results (2009–10) 1219 speedway, representative body 649 Spelthorne constituency 171 district council 280, 296 sponsors’ marks 537 Sport, Department for Culture, Media and see Department for Culture, Media and Sport sports events (2009–10) 1101 forthcoming events 13 records 1224 representative bodies 645 results (2009–10) 1200 sports councils 645 SPP (statutory paternity pay) 442, 592 Spring 1229 SPVA (Service Personnel and Veterans Agency) 432 SQA (Scottish Qualifications Authority) 369, 373 squash representative bodies 649 sports results (2009–10) 1220 SRA (Strategic Rail Authority) 452 Sri Lanka 1014 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved Index SSMG (Sure Start maternity grant) 440 SSP (statutory sick pay) 442 SSSIs (sites of special scientific interest) 506 stabilisation and association agreement (SAA) 699 staff associations, police service 344 Stafford bishop suffragan 473 constituency 171 district council 280, 296 Staffordshire constituencies 171 county council 279 university 391 Staffordshire Moorlands, district council 280, 296 stakeholder pension schemes 432 Stalybridge & Hyde, constituency 171 stamp duty 579 stamp duty land tax 579 stamp duty reserve tax (SDRT) 580 standard grade examinations 373 Standards Board 274 Standards in Public Life, Committee on 220 standard time 1285 see also Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) Stanley 1080 Stansted airport 452 stars, position of 1280 state earnings-related pension scheme (SERPS) 431 state pension scheme 430, 436, 438 weekly rate 437, 438 state second pension 431 state system of education 363 State Veterinary Service (SVS) see Animal Health statutory adoption pay (SAP) 442 statutory maternity pay (SMP) 441, 592 statutory paternity pay (SPP) 442, 592 statutory public holidays 1295 statutory sick pay (SSP) 442 steel arch bridges, longest 683 Stepney, area bishop 469 sterling see pound sterling Stevenage constituency 171 district council 281, 296 Stewart, house of 37 STFC (Science and Technology Facilities Council) 418 stipendiary magistrates Scotland 329 see also district judges (magistrates’ courts) stipends Church of England 469 Church of Scotland 480 Church in Wales 478 Scottish Episcopal Church 478 Stirling constituencies Scottish parliament 260 UK parliament 182 unitary authority 283, 313 university 391 Stock Exchange see London Stock Exchange Stockholm 1021 Stockport bishop suffragan 471 constituency 171 metropolitan borough council 281, 297 Stockton, constituencies 171 Stockton-on-Tees, unitary authority 282, 298 Stoke-on-Trent 291 constituencies 171 museums and art galleries 526 unitary authority 282, 298 Stone, constituency 171 storms, magnetic 1279, 1288 Stourbridge, constituency 171 Strabane, district council 283, 315 Strangford constituencies Northern Ireland assembly 268 UK parliament 183 strategic health authorities (SHAs) 419, 420 Strategic Rail Authority (SRA) 452 Stratford-on-Avon constituency 171 district council 281, 296 Strathclyde, university 391 Strathkelvin & Bearsden, Scottish parliament constituency 260 STRB (School Teachers’ Review Body) 236 Streatham, constituency 171 Stretford & Urmston, constituency 171 strikes 555 Stroud constituency 171 district council 281, 296 structures, tallest 682, 683 Stuart, house of 36 STUC (Scottish Trades Union Congress) 642 Student Award Agency for Scotland (SAAS) 379, 380 Student Finance England 379 Northern Ireland 380 Scotland see Student Awards Agency for Scotland (SAAS) Wales 379 Student Loans Company ltd 238 students higher education financial support 378 number of 377 post-16 education financial support 375 number of 375 sub-aqua, representative body 649 succession, order of 25 Sudan 1015 Suffolk constituencies 172 county council 279 Suffolk Coastal, district council 281, 296 suffragan bishops, listing 469 Summer 1229 summer time 1285 1365 Sun 1287 distance from the Earth 677 see also months of the year eg January, Sun Sunday national newspapers, circulation 619 Sundays after Pentecost 1291 Sunday trading 592 Sunderland constituencies 172 metropolitan borough council 281, 297 university 391 sunrise 1281, 1283 calculation of 1279 see also months of the year eg January, sunrise and sunset sunset 1281, 1283 calculation of 1279 see also months of the year eg January, sunrise and sunset sunshine records (2009–10) 1196, 1197 supplementary vote system (SVS) 241 supreme court in the UK see UK supreme court supreme court of judicature England and Wales see Senior Courts of England and Wales Northern Ireland 330 Sure Start maternity grant (SSMG) 440 surface mail rates 491 Suriname 1018 Suriyakati calendar 1294 Surrey constituencies 172 county council 279 university 391 Surrey Heath, district council 281, 296 surveying, professional education 400 Surveyors Ombudsman Service 339 suspension bridges, longest 683 Sussex, university 391 Sussex Mid, constituency 172 sustainable development 499 Sutton & Cheam, constituency 172 Sutton, London borough council 281, 305 Sutton Coldfield, constituency 172 Suva 830 Svalbard 958 SVQs (Scottish vocational qualifications) 373 Swale, district council 281, 296 Swansea 307 constituencies UK parliament 179 Welsh assembly 250 museums and art galleries 527 unitary authority 282, 308 University of Wales 392 Swansea and Brecon, bishop 478 Swaziland 1019 Sweden 1021 EU membership 696, 706 Swedenborgian New Church 488 swimming representative bodies 649 sports results (2009–10) 1220 world records 1226 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 1366 Index Swindon bishop suffragan 471 constituencies 172 unitary authority 282, 298 Switzerland 1023 Syria 1025 Syrian Orthodox Church 486 Système International d’Unités see SI units of measurement T table tennis representative bodies 649 sports results (2009–10) 1221 TAI (international atomic time) 1284 Taipei 1026 Taiwan 1026 Tajikistan 1028 Takeover Panel see Panel on Takeovers and Mergers Tallinn 827 Tameside, metropolitan borough council 281, 297 Tamworth constituency 172 district council 281, 296 Tandridge, district council 281, 296 Tanzania 1030 Tarawa 888 Tashkent 1061 Tasmania 745 Tate Britain 238, 523 Tate Modern 239, 523 TA (Territorial Army) 357 Tatton, constituency 172 Taunton, bishop suffragan 470 Taunton Deane constituency 172 district council 281, 296 Tax and Chancery Chamber 334 taxation 564 capital gains tax see capital gains tax corporation tax see corporation tax council tax see also individual councils eg Westminster, London borough council income tax see income tax inheritance tax see inheritance tax royal family 30 stamp duty 579 VAT (value added tax) see VAT (value added tax) Tax Chamber 333 tax credits 434 effect on income tax 570 tax exempt special savings accounts (TESSAs) 566 tax-free products, National Savings and Investments 549 taxis 455 tax return filing 569 Tayside North, Scottish parliament constituency 260 Tbilisi 840 TDA (Training and Development Agency for Schools) 239 teachers 380 numbers 380 salaries 380 training 401 see also academic staff Teacher Training Agency (TTA) see Training and Development Agency for Schools (TDA) technological research bodies 418 technology and construction court 319, 322 Teesside, university 391 Tegucigalpa 857 Tehran 866 Teignbridge, district council 281, 296 Tel Aviv 873 Telecommunications Ombudsman, Office of the 339 Teletext ltd 609 television 607 licences 608 see also media (2009–10) Telford, constituency 172 Telford and Wrekin, unitary authority 282, 298 temperature measurement 1318 records (2009–10) 1196, 1197 tenancies 595 Tenant Services Authority 239 Tendring, district council 281, 296 Tennessee 1056 tennis see lawn tennis; real tennis tenure, type of accommodation by 20 term days 1295 year 2010 termination of employment 592 terrestrial magnetism 1288 terrestrial time (TT) 1284 Territorial Army (TA) 357 TESSAs (tax exempt special savings accounts) 566 Test Valley, district council 281, 296 Tewkesbury bishop suffragan 473 constituency 172 district council 281, 296 Texas 1056 TfL (Transport for London) 239, 242 bus services 455 Thai calendar 1294 Thailand 1032 Thames embankments 535 Thames Flood Barrier 535 Thames river 284 Thames Valley University 391 Thanet constituencies 172 district council 281, 296 theatre (2009–10) 1190 awards 1193 theatres in London 536 Thetford, bishop suffragan 474 Thimphu 764 Thirsk & Malton, constituency 173 Thistle, Most Ancient and Most Noble Order 82 Thornbury & Yate, constituency 173 Three Rivers, district council 281, 296 Thurrock constituency 173 unitary authority 282, 298 Tibet 793 tidal predictions 1305 tides 1305 time 1283 measurement of 1289 see also lighting-up time time-signals, radio 1285 time zones 687 Timor-Leste 1033 Tirana 734 Tiverton & Honiton, constituency 173 Tobago, Trinidad and 1037 TOCs (train operating companies) 452 Togo 1035 Tokelau 951 Tokyo 880 toll roads 455 Tonbridge & Malling constituency 173 district council 281, 296 Tonbridge, bishop suffragan 475 Tonga 1036 tonnage, nautical measurement 1317 Tooting, constituency 173 Top Salaries Review Body see Senior Salaries Review Body Torbay constituency 173 unitary authority 282, 298 Torfaen constituencies UK parliament 179 Welsh assembly 250 unitary authority 282, 308 Torridge, district council 281, 296 Torshavn 814 TOSL (The Ombudsman Service Limited) 339 the Tote (Horserace Totalisator Board) 226 Totnes, constituency 173 Tottenham, constituency 173 tourism bodies 239 Tower Hamlets, London borough council 281, 305 town and country planning 601 town clerk 300, 301 town mayors 274 track and trace postal service 492 track events men national (UK) records 1225 world records 1224 women national (UK) records 1225 world records 1224 trade, UK statistics 554 trade associations 637 trade descriptions see consumer protection trade marks 606 Trades Union Congress (TUC) 641 trade unions 641 listing of affiliated unions 641, 642 listing of non-affiliated unions 644 number and membership 556 Trafalgar Tavern 535 Traffic Penalty Tribunal 336 Trafford, metropolitan borough council 281, 297 Training and Development Agency for Schools (TDA) 239 train operating companies (TOCs) 452 Transco see National Grid Transco Transformational Government Team see Corporate Services Group (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved Index transport 451 air transport 451 rail see railways roads see roads shipping see shipping Transport, Department for 203 Transport for London see TfL Transport Tribunal 331 travel overseas 694 Treasurer’s Office 26 Treasury see HM Treasury Treasury Solicitor’s Department 205 treaty of Amsterdam 697, 698, 699, 702 treaty of Lisbon 697, 699 treaty of Nice 699 treaty of Rome 697, 699, 700 treaty of Washington 719 Trial of the Pyx 541 triathlon, representative body 649 tribunals 331 Tribunals Service 331 First-tier 331 General Regulatory Chamber 331 Health, Education and Social Care Chamber 332 Immigration and Asylum Chamber 332 Social Entitlement Chamber 332 Tax Chamber 333 War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber 333 Upper Tribunal 333 Administrative Appeals Chamber 333 Immigration and Asylum Chamber 333 Lands Chamber 334 Tax and Chancery Chamber 334 trillion, definition 1317 Trinidad and Tobago 1037 Trinity House Lighthouse Service 221, 459 Trinity Sunday 1291 Tripoli 906 Tristan Da Cunha 1083 tropical year 1289 Truro & Falmouth, constituency 173 Truro, bishop 477 trusts, NHS see NHS trusts Tshwane see Pretoria TTA (Teacher Training Agency) see Training and Development Agency for Schools (TDA) Tuam, archbishop (RC) 482 Tuam, Killala and Achonry, bishop 478 TUC (Trades Union Congress) 641 Tudor, house of 35 tuition fees 378 Tunbridge Wells constituency 173 district council 281, 296 Tunis 1039 Tunisia 1039 tunnels longest 684 see also Channel tunnel; Thames tunnels Turkey 1041 accession to the EU 699 Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus 810 Turkmenistan 1043 Turks and Caicos Islands 1084 Tuvalu 1044 TV licensing 608 Tweeddale, Ettrick & Lauderdale, Scottish parliament constituency 260 Twickenham, constituency 173 twilight 1282 see also months of the year eg January, twilight twin towers, tallest 682 Tynemouth, constituency 173 Tyneside North, constituency 173 Tynwald 316 Tynwald Day 316 Tyrone West constituencies Northern Ireland assembly 268 UK parliament 183 U UCAS (Universities and Colleges Admission Service) 377 Uganda 1045 UK area 17 athletics records 1225 citizenship 583 constitution 127 currency 540 economic statistics 552 environmental targets 499 EU membership 696, 706 European parliament regions 270 events (2009–10) 1087 flag 23 kings and queens (since 1603) 36 MEPs 269 overseas territories 1077 population 17 religion 461 shipping forecast areas 460 statistics 17 world heritage sites 512 see also England; Northern Ireland; Scotland; Wales UKAEA (UK Atomic Energy Authority) 239, 450 UK Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) 239, 450 UK Border Agency 208 UK Debt Management Office 209 UK Film Council 240 UK Intellectual Property Office 206, 605, 606 UK Nirex 450 Ukraine 1047 UK Space Agency 206 UK Sport see UK Sports Council UK Sports Council 240 UK Statistics Authority 213 UK supreme court 319 UK Trade and Investment 213 Ulaanbaatar 934 Ulster, university 392 Ulster Mid constituencies Northern Ireland assembly 268 UK parliament 183 1367 UN 723 membership 724 observers 725 peacekeeping forces 726 UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF) 725 Undeb Yr Annibynwyr Cymraeg 488 undergraduate courses 377 admissions 377 underground systems 453 under-secretaries of state 192 salaries 193 UN development programme 725 UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) 728 unemployment statistics 555 unfair dismissal 592 unfair terms 585 UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) 725 UN Human Rights Council 725 UN Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO) 728 Union Flag (or Jack) 23 Union of Welsh Independents 488 unions see trade unions Unitarian and Free Christian churches 489 unitary authorities 272 England 275, 298 functions 275 map 299 political composition 282 Scotland 277, 313 map 313 political composition 283 Wales 277, 308 map 308 political composition 282 United Arab Emirates 1049 United Kingdom see UK United Nations see UN United Reformed Church 488 United States of America see USA United States Virgin Islands 1056, 1059 Universal Postal Union (UPU) 728 universal time (UT) 1283 universities 376 listing 382 Universities and Colleges Admission Service (UCAS) 377 University Boat Race 13 UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) 725 Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organisation (UNPO) 728 UNRWA (UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East) 725 Upper Bann constituencies Northern Ireland assembly 268 UK parliament 183 Upper Tribunal 333 Uranus 1283, 1287 satellites 1287 see also months of the year eg January, Uranus in Uruguay 1059 USA 1053 states 1055 territories 1058 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 1368 Index Utah 1056 UTC (coordinated universal time) 1284 Uttlesford, district council 281, 296 Uxbridge & Ruislip South, constituency 173 Uzbekistan 1061 V V&A see Victoria and Albert Museum vacant seats in the House of Commons 134 see also by-elections Vaduz 908 Vale of Clwyd constituencies UK parliament 179 Welsh assembly 250 Vale of Glamorgan constituencies UK parliament 179 Welsh assembly 250 unitary authority 282, 308 Vale of White Horse, district council 281, 296 Valletta 922 The Valley 1077 Valuation Office Agency 211 Valuation Tribunal Service for Wales (VTSW) 336 Valuation Tribunal Service (VTS) 336 Vanuatu 1063 VAT and Duties Tribunals see Tax Chamber Vatican City 1064 Vatican City State 480, 1064 VAT (value added tax) 578 collection 578 Vauxhall, constituency 173 Vehicle and Operator Services Agency (VOSA) 209, 458 Vehicle Certification Agency 209 vehicle excise duty 457 vehicles see motor vehicles vehicular tunnels, longest 684 velocity of the Earth 677 Venezuela 1065 Venus 1287 see also months of the year eg January, Venus in Vermont 1056 Veterans Agency see Service Personnel and Veterans Agency Veterinary Laboratories Agency 207 veterinary medicine, professional education 401 Veterinary Medicines Directorate 207 Victoria, Queen 36 descendants 40 Victoria and Albert Museum 240, 524 Victoria (Australia) 745 Victoria Cross 119 Victoria (Seychelles) 998 Vienna 748 Vientiane 898 Vietnam 1066 Vilnius 909 Virginia 1056 Virgin Islands British 1078 United States 1056, 1059 Virgin Media Television 609 visa requirements 695 viscounts 53 courtesy titles 76 forms of address 53 Visit Britain 239 Visit Scotland 239 Visit Wales 239 vocational qualifications 372 volcanoes, highest active 680 volleyball, representative bodies 649 volts 1316 volume measurement imperial 1316 metric 1316 conversion tables 1320 voluntary schools 365, 366 VOSA (Vehicle and Operator Services Agency) 209, 458 voting for the London assembly 241 for the mayor of London 241 qualifications 601 registration 602 see also elections VTS (Valuation Tribunal Service) 336 VTSW (Valuation Tribunal Service for Wales) 336 W waiting lists, NHS 424 Wakefield bishop 477 constituency 174 metropolitan borough council 281, 297 museums and art galleries 526 Wales archbishop 477 area 17, 306 areas of outstanding natural beauty (AONBs) 504 constituencies (UK parliament) 177 early history 306 flag 306 historic buildings and monuments 518 hydrography 306 judicature 319 language 306 local government see local government museums and art galleries 527 national parks 502 NHS structure 420 police forces 342 population statistics 17 precedence 42 princes of 38 principal cities 307 prison establishments 347 public holidays 10, 11, 1295 regional government 246 relief 306 university 392 water industry 443 see also Church in Wales Wales, Prince of title 38 see also Charles, Prince of Wales Wales, Princess of see Diana, Princess of Wales Wales European parliament region 271 Wales Office 204 Wales TUC 642 walk-in centres, NHS 422 walking, representative body 649 walking (track) national (UK) records 1225 world records 1224 Wallace Collection 240 Wallasey, constituency 174 Wallis and Futuna Islands 837 Walsall constituencies 174 metropolitan borough council 281, 297 Waltham Forest, London borough council 281, 305 Walthamstow, constituency 174 Wandsworth, London borough council 281, 305 Wansbeck, constituency 174 Wantage, constituency 174 war disablement pension 432 Warley, constituency 174 war pensions 432 claims and questions 433 effect on benefits 433 supplementary allowances 433 War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber 333 Warrington bishop suffragan 474 constituencies 174 unitary authority 282, 298 Warsaw 973 Warwick & Leamington, constituency 174 Warwick bishop suffragan 472 district council 281, 296 university 392 Warwickshire, county council 279 Warwickshire North, constituency 174 war widow/widower’s pension 432 Washington & Sunderland West, constituency 174 Washington, treaty of see North Atlantic treaty Washington DC 1053 Washington (state) 1056 waste 500 UK targets 499 water boiling and freezing points 1318 measures of 1317 quality targets 501 see also high water waterfalls greatest 681 in British Isles 681 in Scotland 309 Waterford and Lismore, bishop (RC) 482 water industry 443 England and Wales 443 Northern Ireland 445 Scotland 445 Water Industry Commissioner for Scotland 445 Water Service 443, 445 Water Services Regulation Authority (OFWAT) 213 water skiing, representative body 649 Water UK 443 Waterways Ombudsman 339 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved Index Watford constituency 174 district council 281, 296 watts 1316 Waveney constituency 174 district council 281, 296 Waverley, district council 281, 296 WCO (World Customs Organisation) 729 Wealden constituency 174 district council 281, 296 weather (2009–10) 1194 Weaver Vale, constituency 174 the web see internet web domain names 606 of countries 496 weekly newspapers 620 weight conversion tables 1320 measurement imperial 1316 metric 1316 obsolete 1319 weightlifting, representative body 649 weights and measures 1315 conversion tables 1320 obsolete 1319 Wellingborough constituency 174 district council 281, 296 Wellington 949 Wells, constituency 174 Welsh assembly 128, 246 committees 246 constituencies 248 departments and offices 246 executive agencies 246 members 247 political composition 248 regions 251 salaries 247 Welsh assembly government 246 Welsh baccalaureate 371 Welsh Fourth Channel Authority see S4C Wales Welsh language 306 Welsh-medium schools 365 Welwyn & Hatfield, district council 281, 296 Welwyn Hatfield, constituency 175 Wentworth & Dearne, constituency 175 Wesleyan Reform Union 489 Wessex, Countess of see Sophie, Countess of Wessex Wessex, Earl of see Edward, Prince West Bank 875 West Berkshire, unitary authority 282, 298 West Bromwich, constituencies 175 West Central, GLA constituency 245 West Devon, district council 281, 296 West Dorset, district council 281, 296 West Dunbartonshire, unitary authority 283, 313 Western Australia 745 Western European Union (WEU) 698, 729 Western Isles Scottish parliament constituency 261 unitary authority 283, 313 Western Sahara 938 West Ham, constituency 175 West Lancashire, district council 281, 296 West Lindsey, district council 281, 296 West Lothian, unitary authority 283, 313 West Midlands, European parliament region 271 Westminster archbishop (RC) 481 London borough council 281, 305 royal peculiar 477 university 392 Westminster Abbey 535 Westminster Cathedral 535 Westminster Hall Sittings 135 Westminster North, constituency 175 Westmorland & Lonsdale, constituency 175 West of England, university 392 West of Scotland, university 392 Weston-super-Mare, constituency 175 West Oxfordshire, district council 281, 296 West Somerset, district council 281, 296 West Sussex, county council 279 West Virginia 1056 wetlands, conservation 509 WEU (Western European Union) 729 Weymouth and Portland, district council 281, 296 whips 135 government 192 Labour 137 opposition 137 whistleblowing legislation 593 Whitby, bishop suffragan 469 white papers (2009–10) 1183 Whit Sunday 1291 WHO (World Health Organisation) 730 widowed parent’s allowance 436 weekly rates 436 widow’s benefits 436 Wigan constituency 175 metropolitan borough council 281, 297 Wight, Isle of 284 constituency 162 unitary authority 282, 298 wildlife conservation 508 UK legislation 509 Willemstad 949 Willesden, area bishop 469 William, Prince 24 military ranks and titles 31 private secretary 26 wills 602 capacity to make 602 execution 602 revocation 603 in Scotland 604 where to find proved 603 Wilton Park Conference Centre 207 Wiltshire, unitary authority 282, 298 Wiltshire North, constituency 175 Wiltshire South West, constituency 175 Wimbledon, constituency 175 1369 Wimbledon championships (2010) 1221 Wimbledon College of Art 383 Winchester 291 bishop 470 constituency 175 district council 281, 296 university 392 Windhoek 942 Windsor constituency 175 royal peculiar 477 Windsor, Duke of 39 Windsor, house of 36, 39 Windsor and Maidenhead, unitary authority 282, 298 wine bottles, measurement of 1317 Winter 1229 winter fuel payments 440 Winter Olympics (2010) 1222 gold medallists 1222 medal table 1223 WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organisation) 605, 606, 730 Wirral constituencies 175 metropolitan borough council 281, 297 Wisconsin 1056 Witham, constituency 175 witnesses for wills 602 Witney, constituency 175 WMO (World Meteorological Organisation) 730 Woking constituency 175 district council 281, 297 Wokingham constituency 176 unitary authority 282, 298 Wolverhampton bishop suffragan 473 constituencies 176 metropolitan borough council 281, 297 university 392 women hereditary peers 44 ordination 468 precedence 42 Women’s National Commission 240 Woolwich, area bishop 476 Worcester bishop 477 constituency 176 district council 281, 297 museums and art galleries 526 university 392 Worcestershire constituencies 176 county council 279 Work and Pensions, Department for 204 work-based learning 372 workers 591 workforce, distribution of 555 working tax credit 434 working time regulations 593 Workington, constituency 176 workmen’s compensation scheme 441 workplace parking levy schemes 455 the world countries of 732 in figures 677 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 1370 Index World Bank Group 729 World Cup (2010) 1201 World Customs Organisation (WCO) 729 World Health Organisation (WHO) 730 world heritage sites 512 World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) 605, 606, 730 World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) 730 world records athletics 1224 swimming 1226 World Service see BBC World Service World Tourism Organisation (WTO) 730 World Trade Centre towers 682 World Trade Organisation (WTO) 731 Worsley & Eccles South, constituency 176 Worthing constituencies 176 district council 281, 297 Wrekin, the, constituency 176 wrestling, representative body 649 Wrexham bishop (RC) 481 constituencies UK parliament 179 Welsh assembly 251 unitary authority 282, 308 writing paper, measures of 1318 WTO (World Tourism Organisation) 730 WTO (World Trade Organisation) 731 Wychavon, district council 281, 297 Wycombe constituency 176 district council 281, 297 Wyoming 1056 Wyre & Preston North, constituency 176 Wyre, district council 281 Wyre Forest constituency 176 district council 281, 297 Wythenshawe & Sale East, constituency 176 Y yachting representative body 649 Yamoussoukro 803 Yaoundé 780 Yaren District 944 years definition 1289 Hindu 1292 Jewish 1293 Muslim 1294 Thai 1294 see also civil year; historical year; legal year; masonic year; New Year; regnal years Yemen 1068 Yeovil, constituency 176 Yerevan 743 Ynys Mon see Anglesey York 291 archbishop of 469 constituencies 176 museums and art galleries 526 unitary authority 282, 298 university 392 York, Duchess of see Ferguson, Sarah York, Duke of see Andrew, Prince York, house of 35 Yorkshire and the Humber, European parliament region 271 Yorkshire Dales national park 504 Yorkshire East, constituency 177 Young People’s Learning Agency 240, 374, 376 young students’ bursaries 379 youth courts 320 Youth Justice Agency, Northern Ireland 263 Z Zaffarines 1013 Zagreb 805 Zambia 1070 Zimbabwe 1072 zodiacal light in February 1235 in March 1239 in September 1263 Zoo, London 534 Zoroastrian calendar 1296 Zoroastrianism 467 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 1371 Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa STOP PRESS CHANGES SINCE PAGES WENT TO PRESS EVENTS OF THE YEAR BUSINESS AND ECONOMIC AFFAIRS 25 August An Institute for Fiscal Studies report described the coalition government’s first Budget as ‘clearly regressive’; the report claimed that changes to housing benefits, disability living allowance and tax benefits will result in the poorest tenth of the population losing a greater proportion of their income than the richest BP confirmed that it no longer intended to compete for an oil exploration licence in Greenland, owing to the damage caused to its reputation by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill September HMRC announced that nearly six million people in the UK had paid the wrong amount of tax through the pay as you earn (PAYE) system; 4.3 million people were due a rebate but 1.4 million people had underpaid by an average of £1,500 CRIME 23 August The body of Gareth Williams, an MI6 officer, was found in a padlocked holdall in his flat; the cause of death remained unknown ENVIRONMENT AND SCIENCE September BP announced that it would take two weeks to permanently seal the Deepwater Horizon oil well leak SPORT September The International Cricket Council charged Pakistan test captain Salman Butt and opening bowlers Mohammad Amir and Mohammad Asif under its anticorruption code in relation to allegedly fixed incidents during the final Test match against England at Lord’s AFRICA August The Independent Democratic Action (ADI) party won 26 of 55 seats in Sao Tome and Principe’s legislative elections; ADI leader Patrice Trovoada was appointed prime minister on 13 August, and included four independent MPs in his minority cabinet In a referendum in Kenya, 67 per cent of voters approved a new constitution which would introduce a bill of rights and land reform, and curb the powers of the president Paul Kagame won a second term in Rwanda’s presidential election, securing 93 per cent of votes in a poll in which only candidates allied to his ruling Rwandan Patriotic Front party were permitted to stand September Thirteen people were killed and around 140 were arrested during riots in Maputo, Mozambique, after droughts in Russia led to increased wheat and bread prices THE AMERICAS August The collapse of a tunnel in a copper mine near Copiapó, Chile, trapped 33 miners 700m underground; rescuers made contact with the men on 22 August, though it was estimated that the drilling of a borehole large enough to allow their escape would take between two and four months Elena Kagan was sworn in as a judge of the US supreme court 10 Venezuela and Colombia agreed to restore diplomatic relations, which had been severed in July over an allegation by the Colombian government that Venezuela was harbouring 1,500 FARC rebels 31 American troops formally ended combat operations in Iraq; the remaining US military personnel assumed non-combat roles, though they remained able to participate in operations led by Iraqi forces when requested ASIA August Heavy rainfall and flooding in China’s northwestern Gansu province caused mudslides in which over 1,400 people were killed 13 Myanmar’s ruling junta announced that parliamentary elections, the first since 1990, would be held on November 2010 17 President Karzai issued a decree ordering all private security firms working in Afghanistan to cease operations within four months 23 In Manila, the Philippines, a former policeman hijacked a bus while armed with an automatic rifle; a 12-hour stand-off with police ended in the death of the gunman and eight of his hostages AUSTRALASIA AND THE PACIFIC 21 August A snap legislative election in Australia resulted in a parliament, with both the incumbent Labour party and the Liberal–National coalition winning 72 seats each; Julia Gillard remained as prime minister after securing the support of two key independent MPs EUROPE 29 August Islamist rebels mounted an attack on the residence of Chechen president Ramzan Kadyrov in the village of Tsentoroi; at least 19 people were killed September The Basque separatist organisation Eta announced that it had ceased violent attacks, though it stopped short of surrendering its weapons or describing the ceasefire as permanent MIDDLE EAST 17 August The Lebanese parliament voted to lift restrictions on the employment of the country’s 400,000 Palestinian refugees, who gained the same employment rights as other foreigners 25 Bombings in seven Iraqi cities killed over 50 people September A two-day summit was held in Washington DC between Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian National Authority president Mahmoud Abbas, the first direct peace negotiations between Israeli and Palestinian leaders since 2008; both agreed to hold fortnightly talks thereafter (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved [...]... London Film Festival Turner Prize Exhibition, Tate Britain, London (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved The Year 2011 13 NOVEMBER 6 *11–13 *12 Mid-Nov London to Brighton Veteran Car Run Classic Motor Show, NEC, Birmingham Lord Mayor’s Procession and Show, City of London CBI Annual Conference SPORTS EVENTS JANUARY 2011 3–7 9–16 FEBRUARY 4–6 4–19 Mar 8–13 12–13 19–2 Apr 27 MARCH 26 JUNE... Day (in Wales only)† Earl of Wessex’s birthday Commonwealth Day (2011) St Patrick’s Day (in Northern Ireland only)‡ The Queen’s birthday St George’s Day (in England only)† Europe Day† Coronation Day Duke of Edinburgh’s birthday The Queen’s official birthday (2011) Duchess of Cornwall’s birthday Princess Royal’s birthday Remembrance Day (2011) Prince of Wales’ birthday Wedding Day of the Queen St Andrew’s... Run, Newcastle Equestrian: Horse of the Year Show, NEC, Birmingham Horse racing: Champions Meeting, Newmarket Rugby League: Super League Final, Old Trafford, Manchester (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 14 CENTENARIES 2011 1511 30 Jul Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa 2012 Giorgio Vasari, Italian painter, architect and writer, born 1512 5 Mar 10 Apr 1711 7 May 31 Oct David Hume, philosopher, born Laura... for an existing local holiday from another date in the year Note: In the Channel Islands, Liberation Day is a bank and public holiday (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 12 FORTHCOMING EVENTS * Provisional dates † Venue not confirmed 22–26 JANUARY 2011 7–16 30–10 Jul 13–30 15–30 18–20 19–23 29–30 FEBRUARY 3–6 4–20 13 13–21 25–27 26–6 Mar MARCH 3 8 10–13 10–13 11–20 11–27 20–28 23–29 APRIL... GOVERNMENT LEGAL NOTES LAW COURTS AND OFFICES THE MEDIA TRIBUNALS TRADE AND PROFESSIONAL BODIES POLICE TRADE UNIONS PRISONS SPORTS BODIES DEFENCE CLUBS EDUCATION CHARITIES AND SOCIETIES NATIONAL ACADEMIES (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 17 THE UK IN FIGURES The United Kingdom comprises Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) and Northern Ireland The Isle of Man and the Channel Islands... census has been taken every ten years since, except in 1941 when there was no census because of the Second World War The last official census in the UK was taken on 29 April 2001 and the next is due in April 2011 The first official census of population in Ireland was taken in 1841 However, all figures given below refer only to the area which is now Northern Ireland Figures for Northern Ireland in 1921 and 1931... 27,263 30,014 37,109 43,220 44,701 40,446 38,315 43,652 51,458 58,867 59,807 20,794 20,069 22,431 26,666 30,570 30,669 † Includes Herm, Jethou and Lithou Source: ONS – Census Reports (Crown copyright) (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 19,652 18,246 21,221 24,792 28,297 29,138 18 The United Kingdom Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa RESIDENT POPULATION IMMIGRATION BY AGE AND SEX Thousands Under 1 1–4 5–9... Zimbabwe Asia: total Indian subcontinent: total Bangladesh India Pakistan Middle East: total Iran Iraq Remainder of Asia: total Afghanistan China§ Japan Malaysia Nepal Philippines Sri Lanka Thailand (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved Number of persons 2006 2008 15,580 5,860 4,250 1,610 9,715 1,185 1,375 9,955 – – – 9,955 1,250 1,255 2,070 3,040 12,085 1,125 2,900 3,845 32,240 1,345 2,870... Two people Three people Four people Five people Six or more people All households (=100%) (millions) Average household size (people) 18 32 19 17 8 6 18.6 2.9 Source: ONS – ST 2010 (Crown copyright) (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 27 34 16 16 5 2 22.4 2.5 29 35 16 14 4 2 25.2 2.4 Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa 20 The United Kingdom DEPENDENT CHILDREN LIVING IN DIFFERENT FAMILY TYPES MORTGAGES Millions... Owner-occupied Owned outright Owned with mortgage Rented from social sector Council Housing association Rented privately Furnished Unfurnished All tenures Source: ONS – AAS 2010 (Crown copyright) (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved Health 21 Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa HEALTH DEATHS BY CAUSE, 2008 Total deaths Deaths from natural causes Certain infectious and parasitic diseases Intestinal infectious ...WHITAKER’S ALMANACK 2011 Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa The traditional design of the title page for Whitaker’s Almanack which has... appeared in each edition since 1868 (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved WHITAKER’S ALMANACK 2011 Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa A & C BLACK LONDON (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved... (Weather) and Russell Ash (World in Figures) (c) 2011 A&C Black Publishers All Rights Reserved 5 CONTENTS Ngo Dinh Bao Thoa PREFACE THE YEAR 2011 2011 Calendar 2012 Calendar Forthcoming Events