GRAMMAR AND EXERCISE PASSIVE VOICE

GRAMMAR : PASSIVE VOICE A. Revision: Passive Voice ( ôn tập về câu bị động) -Câu bị động thường có cấu trúc sau: ACTIVE: Graham Bell invented The telephone S + V + O PASSIVE: The telephone S + V was invented BY Graham Bell B. Những điều cần ghi nhớ khi đổi câu chủ động (Active) sang câu bị động (Passive): 1. Lấy túc từ (Object) của câu chủ động làm chủ từ (Subject) câu bị động. 2. Trong câu bị động, luôn phải dùng trợ động từ “Be” với hình thức thích hợp tùy theo thì cần dùng. 3. Động từ chính (main verb) trong câu bị động luôn được dùng ở dạng quá khứ phân từ (past participle) 4. Khi muốn nói thêm ai gây ra hành động,chúng ta có thể dùng chủ từ câu chủ động làm “tác nhân” (Agent) câu bị động và đứng sau “By” 5. Nhiều câu bị động không cần dùng “by” , tác nhân , nhất là khi tác nhân là : “somebody, someone, people”, hoặc các đại từ như “me, you , him , her , us , them”. Ex: - The floor is cleaned every morning by someody - Many new buildings have been built in recent years by people Tuy nhiên, tùy theo ý nghĩa đặc thù của câu nói, đôi khi chúng ta phải dùng các tác nhân trên trong câu bị động Ex: This program is being watched by millions of people. C. Bảng đối chiếu hình thức thay đổi của trợ động từ “BE” từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động. Present Someone writes the report Past simple Someone wrote the report Present progressive Someone is writing the report Past progressive Someone was writing the report Present perfect Someone has written the report Past perfect Someone had written the report Past perfect progressive Future simple Future “be going to” Future perfect The report is written. The report was written The report is being written The report was being written The report has been written The report had been being written Someone had been The report had writing the report been being written Someone will write the The report will report be written Someone is going to The report is write the report going to be written Someone will have The report will written the report have been written Modals Verb: Động Someone từ khiếm khuyết can/must/may/should swrite the report Have to/ had to Someone has to/had to write the report The report can/must/may/ should be written The report has to/had to be written D. Passive with reporting verbs ( Câu bị động với các động từ thường thuật ) -Chúng ta có thể dùng cấu trúc này với một số động từ khác nhau said said believed believed thought thought known known It is reported that..Or He is reported expected expected considered considered understood understood to do sth Chú ý : Cấu trúc “He is said...” có thể theo sau bằng “to infinitive” khi hành động xảy ra cùng thời với “He is said/He was said...” , hoặc có thể theo sau bằng “to have + P.P” (perfect infinitive) khi hành động xảy ra trước “He is said/ He was said...”. Ex: a.) It is said that he works for a secret company He is said to work for a secret company (He is said to+ inf) b.) It is said that he worked in the Far East He is said to have worked in the Far East (He is said to have + P.P) c.) It was said that he had been killed in the war He was said to have been killed in the war ( He was said to have been + p.p) CÁC BÀI TẬP VỀ DẠNG PASSIVEE VOICE Exercise 1:Complete each sentence using the correct form of one of the following. make keep cut store service cause include show pick speak 1. All the information................in the computer. 2. A movie theater is a place where movies............... 3. The key..........always..........in that box. 4. We don’t have to leave a tip because the service...........in the bill. 5. English..........normally..........in most international conferences. 6. The grass...........usually...........once a week. 7. Cheese............from milk. 8. My car..............at this garage once a month. 9. Many accidents.............by careless driving. 10. The fruit.........normally.........in the summer. Exercise 2: Put the verb into the correct form,simple present or simple past, active or passive. 1. Newton’s father........(die) at his birth. He...........(bring up) by his mother and grandmother. 2. The water...........(always/filter) before it mixed with the chemicals. 3. His bike....(steal) while he was having a drink in the cafe. 4. The office........(always/lock) when everybody has left. 5. The guards.........(always/lock) the office when everybody has left. 6. Where.........(these photos/take)? In Singapore ?........ (you/take) them? 7. Why...........(Tan/give up) his job? Didn’t he like it? 8. Why............(Hung/fire) from his job? Did he make a serious mistake? 9. Passports...........(usually/check) at the airport. 10. They.......(always/check) your tickets before they let you in. 11. The 2006 World Cup for soccer...............(play) in Germany. 12. The English team..........(not play) very well in the 2006 World Cup. 13. The mailman..........(normally deliver) the mail before 8.00 .He’s never been late. 14. My newspapers...............(usually/deliver) before 6.00 , so I can read them at breakfast. Exercise 3: Complete each blank with one of the following verbs.Put the verbs in the present simple,active or passive. Deliver sort take send collect stamp use The letters(1).....from the post box.Then a postman(2).....them to the post office.At the post office,they(3)......by a machine so that the stamps can’t(4)......again.Next they(5)......carefully and put into bags before(6).......to other post offices for further sorting.Finally, a postman(7).......the letters to addresses shown on the envelopes. Exercise 4 : Finish the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one. 1.Someone has warned us not to go out alone. -We.................................................................. 2.The manager accused the accountant of cheating. -The accountant...................................................... 3.We didn’t realize that someone was recording our conversation. -We didn’t realize that our......................................... 4.Since the 1980s,people have recycled more and more paper. -Since 1980s,more..................................................... 5.The volcano will affect the Earth’s climate. -The Earth’s climate................................................. 6.Today,people grow coffee in 50 different countries. -Today,coffee............................................................. 7.Someone took potatoes to Ireland from South America in 1588. -Potatoes..................................................................... 8.A special committee is studying the report. -The report................................................................. 9.The media are going to attack the minister. -The minister............................................................. 10.When I got to the office, I found that they had cancelled the meeting. -When I got to the office, I found that the meeting....................................................................... 11.Has anybody told you about the change of the meeting? -Have you.................................................................... 12.I think someone is following us. -I think we.......................................... 13.They’re going to announce the results of the examination on Monday. -The results................................................................ 14.I’m sure the police will catch the escaped prisoners soon. -I’m sure the escaped prisoners........................................ 15.Very few people are watching that TV show. -That TV show............................................................... Exercise 5: Rewrite these sentences ,using both ways “It is said that.....” or “He/She is said.....” 1.People say fossil fuels will be used up soon. -It is said that.................................................. -Fossil fuels.................................................... 2.They report that a plane has crashed in Bolivia. -It is reported that........................................... -A plane.......................................................... 3.People believe that football is the most popular sport. -It is believed that........................................... -Football......................................................... 4.People know that Roland inherited a lot of money. -It is known that............................................... -Roland............................................................. 5.Newspapers report that the oil price is rising again. -It is said that.................................................... -The oil price.................................................... 6.People expect that the official will be dismissed for bribery. -It is expected that...................................................... -The official............................................................... 7.Police think the prisoner escaped by climing over the wall -It is thought that......................................................... -The prisoner................................................................ 8.They reported that the resort was badly damaged by the tsunami. -It was reported that........................................................ -The resort....................................................................... 9.People think that the company was losing a lot of money at that time. -It is thought that............................................................ -The company................................................................ 10.People believe that several priceless paitings have been stolen. -It is believed that.......................................................... -Several priceless paitings............................................. 11.They understand that the President was treated by an outstanding doctor. -It is understood that..................................................... -The President.............................................................. 12.Everybody considers that this a wonderful opportunity for young people. -It is considered that......................................................... -This is............................................................................. 13.The police reported that no witnesses had come forward to give statements. -It was reported that........................................................ -No witnesses................................................................. ĐÁP ÁN CÁC BÀI TẬP Exercise 1: 1. is stored 2. are showed 3. The key always kept 4. is included 5. is normally spoken 6. is usually cut 7. is made 8. is serviced 9. are caused 10. is normally picked Exercise 2: 1. died - was brought up 2. is always filtered 3. was stolen 4. is always looked 5. always locked 6. ...were.....taken? Did you take them? 7. ...did Tan give up 8. ...was Hung fired 9. ...are usually checked 10. always checked 11. was played 12. didn’t play 13. was normally delivered 14. are usually delivered Exercise 3: 1.are collected 2.takes 3.are stamped 4.use 5.are sorted 6.being sent 7.delivers Exercise 4: 1.have been warned not to go out alone 2.was accused of cheating by the manager 3.Conversation was being recording 4.And more paper have been recycled 5.Will be affected 6.Is grown in 50 different countries 7.To Ireland from South America were taken in 1588 8.Is being studied by a special committee 9.Is going to be attack by the media 10.Had been cancelled 11.Been told about the change of the meeting? 12.Are being followed 13.Are going to be announced on Monday 14.Will be caught soon 15.Is being watched by very few people Exercise 5: 1. ...fossil fuels will be used up soon ...are said to be used up soon 2. ...a plane has crashed in Bolivia ...is reported to have crashed 3....football is the most popular sport ....is believed to be the most popular sport 4....Roland inherited a lot of money ...is known to have inherited a lot of money 5....the oil price is rising again ...is reported to be rising again 6....the official will be dismissed for bribery ...is expected to be dismissed for bribery 7....the prisoner escaped by climing over the wall ...is thought to have escaped by climing over the wall 8....the resort was badly damaged by the tsunami ...was reported to be badly damaged by the tsunami 9....the company was losing a lot of money at that time ...is thought to have been losing a lot of money at that time 10....several priceless paitings have been stolen. ....are believed to have been stolen 11....the President was treated by an outstanding doctor. ....are undestood to have been treated by an outstanding doctor. 12. ...this a wonderful opportunity for young people. .... Considered to be a wonderful opportunity for young people. 13. ...no witnesses had come forward to give statements. ....were reported to have had come forward to give statements. [...]... 11.They understand that the President was treated by an outstanding doctor -It is understood that -The President 12.Everybody considers that this a wonderful opportunity for young people -It is considered that -This is 13.The police reported that no witnesses had come forward to give statements -It was reported that -No witnesses ĐÁP ÁN CÁC BÀI TẬP Exercise. .. picked Exercise 2: 1 died - was brought up 2 is always filtered 3 was stolen 4 is always looked 5 always locked 6 .were taken? Did you take them? 7 .did Tan give up 8 .was Hung fired 9 .are usually checked 10 always checked 11 was played 12 didn’t play 13 was normally delivered 14 are usually delivered Exercise 3: 1.are collected 2.takes 3.are stamped 4.use 5.are sorted 6.being sent 7.delivers Exercise. . .Exercise 5: Rewrite these sentences ,using both ways “It is said that ” or “He/She is said ” 1.People say fossil fuels will be used up soon -It is said that -Fossil fuels 2.They report that a plane has crashed in Bolivia -It is reported that -A plane 3.People believe that football is the most popular sport -It is believed that -Football 4.People know that Roland... 6.being sent 7.delivers Exercise 4: 1.have been warned not to go out alone 2.was accused of cheating by the manager 3.Conversation was being recording 4 .And more paper have been recycled 5.Will be affected 6.Is grown in 50 different countries 7.To Ireland from South America were taken in 1588 8.Is being studied by a special committee 9.Is going to be attack by the media 10.Had been cancelled 11.Been... going to be announced on Monday 14.Will be caught soon 15.Is being watched by very few people Exercise 5: 1 .fossil fuels will be used up soon are said to be used up soon 2 .a plane has crashed in Bolivia is reported to have crashed 3 football is the most popular sport is believed to be the most popular sport 4 Roland inherited a lot of money is known to have inherited a lot of money 5 the oil price is... thought to have been losing a lot of money at that time 10 several priceless paitings have been stolen are believed to have been stolen 11 the President was treated by an outstanding doctor are undestood to have been treated by an outstanding doctor 12 .this a wonderful opportunity for young people Considered to be a wonderful opportunity for young people 13 .no witnesses had come forward to give statements... -A plane 3.People believe that football is the most popular sport -It is believed that -Football 4.People know that Roland inherited a lot of money -It is known that -Roland 5.Newspapers report that the oil price is rising again -It is said that -The oil price 6.People expect that the official will be dismissed for bribery -It is expected that ... the summer Exercise 2: Put the verb into the correct form,simple present or simple past, active or passive Newton’s father (die) at his birth He (bring up) by his mother and grandmother The... said to have been killed in the war ( He was said to have been + p.p) CÁC BÀI TẬP VỀ DẠNG PASSIVEE VOICE Exercise 1:Complete each sentence using the correct form of one of the following make keep... before 6.00 , so I can read them at breakfast Exercise 3: Complete each blank with one of the following verbs.Put the verbs in the present simple,active or passive Deliver sort take send collect stamp