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The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 1 Thinking Unboxed PSYCHOLOGY Bilingual Edition The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 2 Thinking Unboxed To and The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 3 Thinking Unboxed PSYCHOLOGY Thinking Unboxed The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 4 Thinking Unboxed ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping. Executive Editor: Gao Nguyen Assistant Editors: Duc Pham Nguyen Trang Creative Director: Hoa Vu Illustrators: Vo Quoc Thang Ngoc Chung Nguyen Hao Book designer: Gao Nguyen The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 5 Thinking Unboxed CONTENTS Intro to Psychology | Gii thiu Tâm L hc Psychological approaches | Phương php nghiên cu TLH Famous Psychologists | Cc nh TLH ni ting The Nervous system | H thn kinh Sensation | Cm gic Perception | Tri gic Sleep | Gic ng Memory | Tr nh Thinking | Tư duy Intelligence | Tr thông minh Learning | Hc tp Language | Ngôn ng Motivation and Emotion | Đng lc v Cm xc 52 54 57 61 64 67 70 73 76 79 83 86 89 9 11 14 18 21 23 26 30 33 36 40 43 46 The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 6 Thinking Unboxed ABOUT EZPSY Z Psychology is a bilingual series of online peer-sharing Psychology Flashcards and White-board animated videos (in English and Vietnamese). All materials are produced by a group of passionate youths in Singapore and Vietnam, who study or purely interested in Psychology. This project aims to bring Psychology closer to everyone in a fresh and interesting way. While psychological knowledge is often applied to the assessment and treatment of mental health problems, it is also directed towards understanding and solving problems in many different spheres of human activity. And we believe Psychology isn't just a theoretical subject; it can improve our everyday life! “Studying abroad and pursuing Psychology, I face a lot of challenges when doing research in the development and application of Psychology in Vietnam. The reasons could be a scarcity in Psychology resources as well as the unfamiliarity of myself towards Vietnamese- translated terminologies. I had the idea about EzPsy in bilingual concept. As I shared it with my close friends, they were so excited and supportive. That is how EzPsy started in a nut shell.” - Gao Nguyen | Founder - E The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 7 Thinking Unboxed PREFACE s you begin your journey with Psychology, you might be wondering what this field is all about, and how it relates to your personal experiences. You are in for a treat, because it is a fascinating field that has much to do with you. Our goal in compiling this book from all scripts used for EzPsychology videos is to better convey some of the excitement and satisfaction that comes with understanding more about your own and others' mental processes and behaviors. The book "Psychology” consists of 13 chapters that illustrate the introduction to Psychology. Rather than asking you to memorize a large number of theories, terminologies, we have tried to "squeeze" a book that makes those basic principles easier and more interesting for you to see, understand, remember, and apply in your daily life. There will be images illustrated by our very own EzSTUDIO doodlers to aid your visualization and imagination as well. With that, we hope you enjoy your reading. “Work for your pride. Not your price. I simply think, doing any- thing good with your whole heart will make people happy. You may ask, ‘How much good is enough?’ Oh well, I do not know and have no intention of spending effort finding an answer either. I just do it”. Hoa Vu Co-founder Gao Nguyen EzSTUDIO Founder A The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 8 Thinking Unboxed ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS t surely takes more than just a porpoise to allow wise fish to complete a journey. We owe thanks to many, many people who have helped us not just to make the journey but to become wise fish. First, we would like to thank our friends, Lan Tran (VietPsy) and Yao Liyang (VedicLink) who have provided advice and social media support for us from the very beginning of our journey. Second, friends from ZUNI.VN - Hien Pham, Cong Ban Nong who helped EzSTUDIO gain the very first step in engaging Vietnam students through online education. Third, the users/ students from VietPsy Facebook Page and ZUNI.VN for supporting and following our EzPsychology series. Their valuable feedbacks were extremely helpful to us to better improve EzPsy. Finally, team work has been an essential part of the creation of EzSTUDIO, and especially this important e- Book. We would like to thank each other for the many benefits of co-authorship. And indeed, we also became much closer friends in the process. I The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 9 Thinking Unboxed CHAPTER 1 - PSYCHOLOGY “A wonderful fact to reflect upon, that every human creature is constituted to be that profound secret and mystery to every other.” Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities In This Chapter Definition of Psychology Behaviors Mental process Major goals of Psychology What is Psychology? peaking of Psychology, you might think of helping people with mental problems, psychological disorders or reading minds. A large part of psychology is devoted to the diagnosis and treatment of mental health issues but that is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the applications of Psychology. Psychology is both an applied and academic field that studies the human mind (mental processes) and behaviors. Behaviors refer to observable actions or responses in both human and animals. It could be eating, sleeping, etc. The mind or Mental processes which are not directly observable refer to a wide range of complex processes such as thinking, dreaming, problem solving, etc. ENGLISH S The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 10 Thinking Unboxed Major goals of Psychology The four major goals of Psychology include: 1. Describe: to understand and gain better perspective about human behaviors 2. Explain: why do we do the things that we do? What are our motives behind them? 3. Predict: make predictions about how we think or act upon certain situations 4. Control/ change: in order to make positive and lasting changes in our lives. DESCRIBE EXPLAIN PREDICT CONTROL/ CHANGE Remember! Psychology studies the human mind (mental processes) and behaviors. Behaviors refer to observable actions or responses. The mind refers to a wide range of complex processes. Four major goals of Psychology: Describe, Explain, Predict and Control/ Change Major goals of Psychology [...]... Waitley Thinking Unboxed The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 14 CHAPTER 3 - FAMOUS PSYCHOLOGISTS ENGLISH There are a number of scholars who have made great contributions to the field of psychology 1 Wilhelm Wundt - Father of psychology This great man established the first psychology lab in Leipzig, Germany He indeed separated psychology from other fields of science and since then, psychology has become an independent... Abraham Maslow Thinking Unboxed The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 6 John B Watson The leading figure in Behaviorism is John B Watson He put the emphasis on external behavior of people and their reactions on given situations, rather than the internal, mental state of those people He pushed for psychology to no longer be considered the science of the "mind" Instead, he stated that psychology should focus on the... Thinking Unboxed The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 16 4 Jean Piaget Until the end of the 20th century, there was no psychologist who had ever studied children’s intellectual and cognitive development as sophisticatedly and systematically as Jean Piaget For a good seven decades of scientific research, he had contributed significantly to the establishment of new scientific fields: Developmental psychology and... characteristic posture, a high arousal threshold and compensatory sleep after sleep deprivation Sleep hours per day in animal Thinking Unboxed 29 The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO CHAPTER 8 - MEMORY ENGLISH What is Memory? M emory is a major research topic in Psychology In this chapter, we will talk briefly about this interesting (and powerful) ability of human beings Memory is the retention of information... analysis, he invented the Structuralism approach Wilhelm Wundt In This Chapter 1 Wilhelm Wundt 2 B.F Skinner 3 Sigmund Freud Thinking Unboxed 4 Jean Piaget 5 Abraham Maslow 6 John B Watson 7 Ivan Pavlov The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 15 2 B.F.Skinner - Father of the Behavioral approach Skinner invented the operant conditioning chamber (also known as Skinner box) to measure responses of organisms and their... could leave deeper scars 3 Behavioral approach 4 Psychoanalytic approach 5 Humanistic approach Thinking Unboxed than almost anything else.” ― J.K Rowling, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix— The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 12 Biological approach It focuses on how genes, hormones and the nervous system interact with the environment to influence learning, memory, and emotion For example, in the 1990s,... Cognitive approach For example, based on personality tests, researchers concluded that students who are regular procrastinators may have low-self-esteem and have a strong fear of failure Thinking Unboxed The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 13 The pursuit of “Happyness” Humanistic approach Everyone was born a child, but each individual has a large capacity for personal growth, great freedom in directing his or her... stimulus (food) that already brings about a particular response (salivation) with a conditioned stimulus (bell), so that the new stimulus brings about the same response Ivan Pavlov Thinking Unboxed 17 The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 18 CHAPTER 4 - THE NERVOUS SYSTEM ENGLISH In This Chapter 1 Central Nervous system Peripheral Nervous System Somatic NS Autonomic NS Neuron and Glial cell What is Nervous... others form a structure called synapse Based on the functions, nervous system is broken down into two systems: the Central nervous system (CNS) and Peripheral nervous system (PNS) Thinking Unboxed The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 19 The Nervous System 1 Central Nervous System The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of the brain and the spinal cord Brain is the center of the nervous system Similar... helps maintain balance, and coordinate the finger when touching a hot movement between the body and the brain as motor function Spinal cord carries messages kettle for example Thinking Unboxed The Psychology Book | EzSTUDIO 2 Peripheral Nervous System The PNS is made up of all the nerves and neurons outside the brain and the spinal cord, carries information to and from the CNS Somatic NS allows
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