Lớp 12 Ôn tập hóa hữu cơ lớp 11

8

9

10

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1 vòng

(1 + 1 (1 + 2 )

CH=CH2

k = 5

xHyOzNtXv

*

•

•

•

k' = k + 1.

không

xHyOz:

(2x t) (y v)

*)

2x y

2

2

VD: Trong C6H5CH2OH thì C6H5CH2–

VD: CH2=CHCH2—Cl + NaOH CH2=CHCH2—OH + NaCl.

halogen

–X

Axit

–C—H O

–C—OH O

–C—OH O

–N—H H

và kG

VD:

k 2

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• VD: CH3CH2OH, CH3COOH, …

"ol" "al" "oic" "oat"

Ancol

Anđehit

Axit cacboxylic

CH 4 C 2 H 6 C 3 H 8 C 4 H 10 C 5 H 12 C 6 H 14 C 7 H 16

metan etan propan butan pentan hexan heptan

(a) CH2=CH–CH3 (b) CH2=CH–C–CH3

2

(a) C3H8O (b) C3H6 (c) C4H8O2

(d) C2H5OH (e) (CH3)3COH (f) C6H12O6.

(g) C3H7Cl (h) C2H7N (i) C2H5NO2.

3 3CH2OH + Na CH3CH2ONa + ½H2

3CH2OH là

4 3CHO + Ag2O CH3COOH + 2Ag

3CHO là

A) CH3 B) CHO C) CH3COOH D) OH.

5

6

O

O=C—OH

CH2—O—C—CH3 CH—O—C—CH3

O O

CH2—O—C—CH=CH2

O

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8

A) HCOOCH3, CH3CH2OH, CH3COOCH=CH2.

B) HCOOH, HCHO, HCOOCH3.

C) HCOOCH3, CH3COOCH3, CH3COOCH=CH2.

D) CH3COOH, CH2=CHCOOH, C6H5COOCH3.

9

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

A HOOC–CH2CH2–

A)

B)

C)

D)

(C) axit propanoic (D) propanol.

(A) 2–metylpropan–3–ol (B) butan–1–ol.

(C) 2–metylpropan–1–ol (D) butan–2–ol.

(A) etyl fomat (B) metyl axetat

(C) metyl fomat (D) etyl axetat.

F

(C) CH3COOCH=CH2 (D) CH2=CH – COOCH3.

(a) C4H10 (b) C3H6O2

3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3 (2) CH3 – CH – CH3 (3) CH3 – C – CH3

3 – CH 2 – COOH.

2 H 5 ; CH 3 COOCH 3

2.4 10

2

2.3 6

2

CH3

G

(a) C5H12 (b) C4H8 (c) C4H10O (d) C4H8O2

H

(a) C3H8 (b) C3H7Cl (c) C3H8O (d) C3H9N.

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VD2:

a = 1

C n H 2n O

VD3:

kR = 1

kG

•

C n H 2n–4 O 4

CnH2n+2–2kOa

2H3O)n hay C2nH3nOn

kR = 0

có n nhóm CHO kG =n

k n

1 2

và k = 2 C 4 H 6 O 2

J

K

L

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)

(j)

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Câu

1

2

Câu

9

1 (a) k = 1; (b), (c) và (d) k=2; (e) k = 5; (f) k = 4

2 (a), (d), (e), (g), (h) k = 0; (b), (c), (f), (i) k = 1

9 (a) k = 0; (b) k = 1; (c) k = 0; (d) k = 2

G (a) C5H12

C – C – C – C – C

C – C – C – C (b) C4H8

(c) C4H10

C – C – C – C – OH

C – O – C – C – C C – O – C – C

C – C – O – C – C

C

C – C – C C C

C – C – C = C C – C = C – C C – C = C

C

C – C – C – OH C

C – C – C – C

C OH

C

(d) C4H8O2

C – C – C – COOH C – C – COOH HCOO – C – C – C HCOO – C – C

C – COO – C – C C – C – COO – CC

C

H (a) C3H8

C – C – C (b) C3H7

C – C – C – Cl C – C – Cl

(c) C3H8

C – C – C – OH C – C – OH

C – O – C – C (d) C3H9

C – C – C – NH2 C – C – NH2

C – C – NH – C C – N – C

C

C

C

C

I CnH2n – 4

J CnH2n – 2O2

K CnH2n – 8O

L (a) CnH2n + 2O

(b) CnH2nO

(c) CnH2n + 2O3

(d) CnH2n – 2O2

(e) CnH2n – 2O

(f) CnH2n – 4O4

(g) CnH2nO2

(h) CnH2n – 4O4

(i) CnH2n + 3N

(j) CnH2n + 2N2

M C2H2O4