Weaving - Flow chart of Weaving

Class lectures Module Southeast University Department Of Textile Engineering I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh TEXTILE A Textile was originally a woven fabric but now the term textile and its plural textiles are also applied to fibers, filaments, yarn and most product for which these are a principle raw material, the product includes threads, cords, ropes, braids, woven, knitted, non-woven fabrics, nets, household textile, geo-textile, medical textiles etc. WEAVING Weaving is the action of producing fabric by the interlacing of warp and weft thread. The warp threads are placed along the length of the fabric and the weft threads are placed along the width of the fabric. FLOW CHART OF WEAVING Yarn (In the form of spinner’s package) Warp Preparation Weft Preparation Winding (cone, cheese) Winding (Cop, Pirn, Cone, Cheese) Warping (Pre beam/ Warper’s beam/ back beam) Weaving (Fabric) Sizing (weavers beam) Drafting, Drawing, Pinning Denting, Looming Weaving (Fabric) Geo-Textile: Embankment Medical Textile: Non-alginate fabric Three types of yarn package are mention bellow Cone Flange bobbin Cheese TYPES OF FABRICS 1. Woven fabric (Shirt) 2. Knitted fabric (T-shirt) 3. Non-woven fabric (Tea pack) 4. Special fabric (Fire proof fabric, water proof fabric) OBJECTS OF YARN PREPARATION 1. To remove yarn faults ( there are 23 types of yarn faults) 2. To transfer the yarn from spinner package to a convent form of package which will facilitate weaving. 3. To have desired length on a package. 4. To clean the yarn for better appearance and performance. 5. To make good quality fabric. 6. To reduce labor cost. Intentional Unintentional FAULTS TO BE REMOVED DURING YARN-PREPARATION 1. Thick place 2. Thin place 3. Slubs 4. Lose fibers 5. Count variation 6. Foreign particles (seed, slub, leaf, dust, bollworm, honeydew) 7. Neps QUALITY OF GOOD WARP 1. The yarn must be uniform, clean and free from knots as much as possible. 2. The yarn must be sufficient strong with withstand the stress and friction without end breakage. 3. Knots should be a standard size and type. So that they can pass the heald eye, dropper, read easily. 4. The warp must be uniformly sized and size coating should be thick enough to protect the yarn various function. 5. The ends of warp must be parallel and each must be wound onto a weavers beam at an even and equal tension. 6. All warp yarn should of same size in length. PACKAGE TYPES OF PACKAGE 1. Cone 2. Cheese 3. Spool 4. Flange bobbin 5. Cop (use for jute weft) 6. Pirn (use for cotton weft) 7. Spinner’s bobbin TYPES OF PACKAGE WINDING There are three types of package winding available. 1. Parallel wound package 2. Near parallel wound package 3. Cross wound package Parallel Wound Package Features • Much yarn can be wound at a time. • No need of traversing motion. • Side withdrawal is possible. • The density of yarn is more. • No change of twist/inch. • For yarn unwinding separate mechanism is needed. • Two side of the package needed flange. [...]... near parallely FEATURES OF NON-PRECESSION WINDING • Coils are cross wound • Package is of low density • Less amount of yarn is stored in package • High stability of package can be obtained • Flange is not necessary • Unwinding rate is very high MATH-1 Given Production= 560yd/min/drum, 24 Ne, yarn= 500lb, time=? Solution 24 Ne means, 1 lb of yarn contain = 24X840 yds yarn 500 lbs of yarn contains = (24X840X500)... = 19 drum (ans.) OBJECTS OF WARPING WARPING Winding is a part of total number of ends of a warp in full width on to a back beam from cone or cheese is known as warping • • • • • • To prepare a beam to make a fabric To increase the weave ability of fabric To make a convenient yarn sheet for sizing To wound up required length of yarn onto a warp beam To facilate the weaving of complex color pattern To... unlimited amount of yarns can be wound if flange stays perpendicular to beam barrel Practically this is impossible But this type of package permit’s to wind high amount of yarn SIZING The method of applying a gelatinous film forming substance of starch on warp yarn before weaving is known as sizing Object of Sizing • To protect the yarn from abrasion with heald eye, back rest, reed etc during weaving • To... appearance of the curved path of running yarn during unwinding or over end withdrawn from packages under appropriate winding condition through a guide, placed above and in line with the axis of the package at an adequate distance from it, the yarn assumes the appearance of a balloon shape This circumstance of assuming balloon shape of yarn is called ballooning FACTORS EFFECTING THE SHAPE AND SIZE OF BALLOON... yarn 560 yds of yarn to wind in 1 drum needs =1 min 1 yd “ “ “ 15 drum “ =1/ (560X15) min (24X840X500) yd “ “ 15 drum = (24X840X500) / (560X15) min =1200 min =20 hr.(ans.) Math-2 Given, Production=600yd/min/drum 25 Ne, Yarn=900 lbs, time=28 hr., Find number of drum Solution 25 Ne of yarns means, 1 lb of yarn contains = 25X840 yd yarns 500 lb of yarn contains = (25X840X900) yd yarns 600 yds of yarn to... unchanged c No formation of balloon occurs d It is applied to flanged bobbin e The rate and speed of unwinding is slow 2 Overend Withdrawal The features of overend withdrawl are given bellow; a Package remains stationary during unwinding b Formation of balloon occurs c Twist/inch of yarn changed d Generally cop, pirn, cone, chess are packages used for overend withdrawl e The rate of unwinding is high... reusable small packages REQUIREMENT OF WARPING During warping the following requirement should be fulfilled 1 The tension of all wound ends must be uniform and possibly constant throughout the withdrawal process 2 Warping should not impair the physical and mechanical properties of yarn 3 The surface of warping package must be cylindrical 4 A pre-determined length of yarn should be wound on beam from... type of yarn tensioner It works only by deflecting the yarn around fixed posts This includes a capstan effect on yarn It works by the following formula: Output Tension = Input Tension × eμθ or, T2 = T1 eμθ Where, T2 = Output tension T1 = Input tension e = Constant μ = Co-efficient of friction θ = θ1+θ2+θ3 = Angle of lap B ADDITIVE TENSIONER This is also a simple technique of applying tension of yarn... • Creeling • Piecing • Doffing If Tension Is Too Low Loose package Unstable package Slough off CHOICE OF TENSIONING DEVICE • It must be reliable • It must be easily threaded • It must neither introduce nor mainly tension variation • It must not change the twist of yarn • It must not be affected by wear • It must be easily adjustable • It must not be affected by the presence of oil and dirt • It must... distance Ballooning Lift the package Ballooning Count of yarn Ballooning Air resistance Ballooning Unwinding rate Ballooning YARN WITHDRAWAL OR UNWINDING The unwinding process of yarn from a package is called yarn withdrawal There are two types of yarn withdrawal system: 1 Side Withdrawal 2 Overend Withdrawal 1) Side Withdrawal The features of side withdrawl of yarn are given bellow; a Package will rotate . threads are placed along the length of the fabric and the weft threads are placed along the width of the fabric. FLOW CHART OF WEAVING Yarn (In the form of spinner’s package) Warp Preparation. braids, woven, knitted, non-woven fabrics, nets, household textile, geo-textile, medical textiles etc. WEAVING Weaving is the action of producing fabric by the interlacing of warp and weft thread bobbin Cheese TYPES OF FABRICS 1. Woven fabric (Shirt) 2. Knitted fabric (T-shirt) 3. Non-woven fabric (Tea pack) 4. Special fabric (Fire proof fabric, water proof fabric) OBJECTS OF YARN PREPARATION 1.