!"# $%&&' ()*+(,-+.//01./2/ 13452/ 2./&'6 ! 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 7589:;<=>?@/ABCDE FG="#$ %&' #()*+,# - .'$+" −∞ - %'!/ ∩ $ ∪ 012! (3456&57&876&9 ∃ : ∈ ¡ : : + − < ;! FG="#$<%&' )*1=> ? : @: = + + &A8B15@*B"C'! #(/01@$@D"C'&EF&)"#-G#'01H&>:IB1:+ ! ( JK"C'! L(/*&7"C'01&MN?+ : ! FG=" $&' #(/O875&5MP/ 5 : 5 Q: − = − 6FRS:FT ¡ ! (U5MP/=F : # : L : L Q− − − + − = ! FG=" $&' *V5NW&TX:?*/@/1X)0Y"GL-'01 *&"- '7&MZ*01X)! #(/*[&TO&01)! (\F0/@/1X)! L(\]6\/@/1X)! 758*H=>I@/ABCDE 27&J#&KL%M6NO%&&GP%=6&QRB%&SDFGTUSFGT FGT=" $&' # V"!WX )*B1T&FT&M^"X'*[D5O&F)$[! #()I_ ) LX + + = uuuur uuur uuur uuuur (\ )+ + uuuur uuur uuur FGT="#$&' )*5MP/ ( ) ( ) # : Q : L − + − − = #(/&5MP/6! (JYO81*7]MP/5MP/T6@_#`/ 6^B[! .7&J#&KL%M6NO%&%F%MT#6&QRB%&SDFGWUSFGW FGW=" $&' #()*0aP a r 01 b r O 0 r $b5MP!/=>:=** 0aP p 2a b= + r r r 01 q a xb= + r r r B1b5MP! ()*B1T&FT&M^"X'*[D5O&F)$[ !\ )+ + uuuur uuur uuur ! FGW="#$&' U01@6BF45MP/ ( ) ( ) # : Q : L − + − − = 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111c111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 Y &B&'= !"# $%&'()(*+*, 1!"#1$%&&' Z4[:2/ +(,\-+.//01./2/ 7589 FG B"G%M BCD FG >2@.]AE #(>/@?]ABCDE ∪ = −∞A B ( ; 2009) ∩ =A B [12; 25) =A \ B [25; 2009) (>/@]ABCDE ∀ ∈ + − ≥¡ 2 A :" x :x x 2 0" /@.] /@.] /@.] /@] FG >2@?]AE #(>/@?]ABCDE dUD=F?65MP/ @ L Q @ + = − + = U6&Me+#01@+GQ (>/@]ABCDE JK&A8&f L(>/@]ABCDE G gZ?+:0Y: ≥ !hF?*[&T*&! G gZ?+G:0Y: < !hF?*[&T*&! /@.]^. /@.] /@] /@.] /@.] FG >.@/AE 2_>/@?]ABCDE M05 ( ) 5 Q : 5 − = − ! CMP/6FRS: ∈¡ 5 Q 5 − = − = U65MP/&Me5+ ._>2@.]ABCDE gZ5MP/*d*U /@.] /@.] /@.] L : #≤ =F?675MP/ # : < ≤ =F?675MP/ : L< ≤ =F?675MP/ :iL=F?675MP/! jDBF4456h /@.] /@.] /@.] /@.] /@.] FG >.@/AE 2E>/@]ABCDE /&Me*[&T&)"-Q' /&Me*[&T&"L-Q' .E>/@?]ABCDE \&T]1[X+L \&T]1[X+% \F05+ "XkX'+#l IE>/@?]ABCDE \F*X)+Q 6\/@/1h+X)!X+# /@.] /@.] /@.] /@.] /@.] /@.] /@] 758*H FGT >.@/AE 2_>2@/ABCDE ) "X X' "X X' "X X)'+ + = + + + + + uuuur uuur uuur uuuur uuur uuuur uuur uuuur uuur ) LX "X X X)'+ + = + + + uuuur uuur uuur uuuur uuur uuur uuur ) LX+ + = uuuur uuur uuur uuuur "0/XB1WmO)' ._>2@/ABCDE \@O\&M^*[D5O)@_ a 3 3 ! )+ + uuuur uuur uuur +L! MO uuuur +L! a 3 3 + a 3 /@.] /@.] /@] /@] /@.] /@.] FGT >2@/AE 2_>/@]ABCDE CMP/601n ' 0∆ ≥ " 1≠ ± ' Q ? 2 4m 4m 1 0− + ≥ " 1 ≠ ± ' ( ) 2 2m 1 0⇔ − ≥ 0YW 1 ≠ ± J4? 1≠ ± /5MP/BF6 ._>/@]ABCDE 5MP/6:+#o 2 m 2m 8 0+ − = U5MP/&Me+ "4'$+GQ"B*[' JY+ /6^B[:+G# /@.] /@.] /@.] /@.] FGW >.@/AE 2_>2@/ABCDE p r 01 q r b5MPoA[=>p=** p mq= r r ! ⇔ 2a b+ r r +" a xb+ r r ' (2 m)a (1 mx)b 0⇔ − + − = r r r J/0aP a r 01 b r O 0 r 01b5MPo 2 m 0 1 mx 0 − = − = U6&Me:+ 1 2 ! ._>2@/ABCDE )I&Me ) LX+ + = uuuur uuur uuur uuuur "0/XB1WmO)' \@O\&M^*[D5O)@_ a 3 3 ! )+ + uuuur uuur uuur +L! MO uuuur +L! a 3 3 + a 3 /@.] /@.] /@.] /@.] /@.] /@.] /@.] /@.] FGW >2@/AE JY 1 ≠ ± '∆ + 2 4m 4m 1 0− + ≥ ( ) 2 ' 2m 1 0⇔ ∆ = − ≥ 0YW 1≠ ± J4? 5MP / BF 6 5m @6 /@.] % − = = − + 1 2 1 3 x ; x m 1 m 1 0YW 1 ≠ ± JY + # / 5MP / q 1 G : r L + ?:+ 3 2 − ! JY + G# / 5MP /q 1 Gl: rL + ?:+ 1 2 − ! /@.] /@.] /@.] sWOUODF&f\=&MeMqW&=>7mF! l . uuur ! FGW="#$&' U 01 @6BF45MP/ ( ) ( ) # : Q : L − + − − = 11 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 11 c 11 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 1 Y &B&'=. $%&&' ()*+(,-+.//0 1 . /2/ 1 345 2/ 2. /&'6 ! 11 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 7589:;<=>?@/ABCDE FG="#$. ! 11 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 7589:;<=>?@/ABCDE FG="#$ %&' #()*+,# - .'$+" −∞ - %'!/ ∩ $ ∪ 01 2 !