CONDITIONALS Clause Type IF – Clause Main Clause Uses I IF + S + V (s / es) …… , S + will / can / must….+ V 1 May or will happen II IF + S + V (2 / ed) …… , S + would / could / must / might ….+ V 1 Unreal in the present III IF + S + had +V (3 / ed) , S + would / could / might + have + V (3 / ed) Unreal in the past Type I Ex You will be sick if you go out in the rain. Her parents will be very happy if she passes the graduation. Type II Ex If I had much money, I would build an orphanage. He would ask for 3 wishes if he met the fairy. Type III Ex If I had had much money, I would have built an orphanage last year. If the flood hadn’t happened, the peasants could have had good crops. NOTES “WERE” is used to all Personal Pronouns Ex If I were a king, you would be a queen If he weren’t lazy, he wouldn’t be punished “Unless = If … not… (tröø phi) Ex If he were not lazy, he wouldn’t be punished. Unless he were lazy, he wouldn’t be punished. If the flood had not happened, the peasants could have had good crops. Unless the flood had happened, the peasants could have had good crops. QUIZ • Forms (I, II, III) • Conjunctions: ( if, unless, but for = without, but that = but for the fact that, in case(that), in case of = in the even of, provided that, or, or else, granting that, suppose that, whether … or(not), otherwise = or, once, if only). • Words ( kinds of conditions I, II, III. Connected to tenses in the main clause or IF clause) • Complete the clause by writing the main or IF clause base on the existed one. • Transformation (simple present, simple past) EXERCISE CONDITIONAL SENTENCES 1. If I ……….a lot of money now, I ………… a new car. A. have /will buy B. have / would. buy C. had/ will buy D. had/ would buy 2. If I ……………you, I …………….do that. A. am/ will B. were /would C. were/ will D. had been/ would 3. If I were offered the job, I think I ………. it. A. take B. will take C. would take D. would have taken 4. If I go shopping, I ………some food. A. buy B. will buy C. would buy D. would have bought 5. If I find it, I ………you. A. will tell B. would tell C. had told D. told 6. If I ………….them, I would have said hello to them. A. had seen B. see C. saw D. would see 7. I………… out if I hadn’t been so tired. A. will go B. went C. would have gone D. would go 8. If I ……… a camera, I would have taken some pictures. A. have B. had C. would have D. had had 9. If I ……….a lot of money now, I ………… a new car. A. have /will buy B. have / would buy C. had/ will buy D. had/ would buy 10. If I ……………you, I …………….do that. A. am/ will B. were /would C. were/ will D. had been/ would 11. If I were offered the job, I think I ………. it. A. take B. will take C. would take D. would have taken 12. I would be very surprised if he…………… A. refuses B. refused C. had refused D. would refuse 13. Many people would be out of work if that factory……… down. A. closes B. had closed C. closed D. would close 14. If she sold her car, she ………… much money. A. gets B. would get C. will get D. would have got 15. They would be disappointed if we……………. A. hadn’t come B. wouldn’t come C. don’t come D. didn’t come 16. Would John be angry if I ……. ……his bicycle without asking? A. take B. took C. had taken D. would take 17. She ………. terrible upset if I lost this ring. A. will be B. would be C. were D. had been. 18. If someone ………… in here with a gun, I would be very frightened. A. would walk B. walks C. had walked D. walked 19. What would happen if you …………… to work? A. don’t go B. didn’t go C. won’t go D. wouldn’t go. 20. We’ll get wet if we ………….out. A. go B. did go C. went D. had gone. 21. What would you do if you……………a million dollars? A. would win B. win C. had won D. won 22. They’d be hurt if I ………………. A. don’t go B. didn’t go C. hadn’t gone D. wouldn’t go. 23. If we took the 6: 30 train, we…………too early. A. would arrive B. arrived C. will arrived D. would have arrived 24. If I had known you were in hospital, I …………to see you. A. will go B. would go C. went D. would have gone. 25. If I …………., I would have said hello. A. had seen B. see C. saw D. would see. 26. I………… out if I hadn’t been so tired. A. will go B. went C. would have gone D. would go. 27. If I ……… a camera, I would have taken some pictures. A. have B. had C. would have D. had had 28. You won’t pass the examination……………you study harder. A. as long as B. unless C. if D. whether. 29. If only I …………you wanted to invest money in business. A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know. 30. If I were to leave my country , I ……………disappointed. A. probably be B. would have been C. will be D. would be. 31. If he hadn’t wasted too much time, he…………….in his examination. A. would fail B. wouldn’t fail C. wouldn’t have failed D. won’t fail. 32. If I had taken that English course, I ……… much progress. A. had made B. would have made C. made D. would make. 33. If I were in your place, I ……….a trip to England. A. will make B. had made C. made D. would make. 34. If I ………… you , I’d save some of your lottery winning. A. be B. were C. am D. was 35. If the car ……… larger, we would have bought it. A. had been B. have been C. has been D. been 36. If I had enough money, I ……… abroad to improve my English. A. will go B. should go C. would go D. should have go to 37. If it …… convenient, let’s go out for a drink tonight. A. be B. was C. were D. is 38. If you ……. time, please write to me. A. have B. have had C. had D. has 39. If you had the chance, ………… you go finishing? A. did B. would C. may D. do 40. Trees won’t grow ……… there is enough water. A. if B. when C. unless D. as 41. If you ………. to my advice in the first place, you wouldn’t be in this mess right now. A. listen B. had listened C. will listen D. listened 42. I wish I …… you some money for your rent, but I’m broke myself. A. can lend B. could lend C. would lend D. will lend 43. If someone ……… into the store, smile and say, “ May I help you?” A. comes B. came C. would come D. could lend 44. If you stay up late the previous night, you ………. sleepy the next morning. A. feel B. to feel C. feels D. will feel 45. If Peter ……, Sarah will be sad because she wants to meet him very much A. comes B. do not come C. does not come D. will come 46. If his teeth still …… , he will have to go to the dentist’s again. A. hurt B. hurts C. to hurt D. will hurt 47. If you…………Tom, tell him I have a message for him. A. will meet B. would meet C. meet D. met 48. If you …………too hot during the night , turn down the central heating. A. will feel B. felt C. feel D. feels. 49. If you …………with your dictionary, I’d like to borrow it. A. finish B. finished C. will finish D. are finishing. 50. If I lived nearer the centre , I …………always late. A. wouldn’t be B. can be C. won’t be D. will be. 51. What would Lan do if she ………… the Miss world. A. would be B. were C. will be D. is. 52. If I ………….her , I would have said “ Hello” A. has seen B. have seen C. saw D. had seen. 53. If she had read the passage more carefully and slowly, the candidate…………. it easily A. understood. B. would have understood C. will understood D. would understand. 54. If it……………, they will not go out. A. rains B. rained C. rain D. raining. 55. James will not complete the work if she is ………… rarely enough. A. tell B. telling C. tells D. told. 56. Betty will not go to the party unless John ……………….too. A. go B. went C. going D. goes 57. Miss An does not want to go on the trip if nobody………… with her. A. go B. goes C. went D. going. 58. If you ………….to go shopping, please go with your aunt this weekend. A. wants B. want C. wanting D. wanted. 59. Mr. Smith has to work on weekends if his manager………….him to. A. tell B. telling C. told D. tells. 60. Unless they ……………her to work hard, she would not. A. encourage B. encourage C. encourages D. encouraging. 61. If I ……….a king, I would give money to the poor . A. is B. are C. am D. were. 62. If we had left this country , we would have………….to Australia. A. emigrated B. emigrates C. emigrate D. emigrating. 63. If I had to the party last night, I …………her. A. will have met. B. would meet C. would have met D. will meet. 64. Unless the pupils pay attention, the teacher …………….be angry. A. would B. may C. will D. might. 65. Please do not go out if it………………. A. rain B. rains C. rained D. raining. 66. If you …………me with this exercise, I will do the same for you one day. A. helped B. would help C. help D. will help. 67. If you listen to music, you can’t ……………your study. A. concentrate on B. interested in C. care about D. read about. 68. ……………you study harder, you won’t pass the final exam. A. unless B. if C. if not D. without. 69. If the weather………….fine, we will go on a picnic. A. is B. were C. would be D. will be. 70. If he………………….harder, the results will be better. A. worked B. works C. has worked D. will work. 71. If Americans ate fewer foods with sugar and salt, their general health………… better A. be B. will be C. is D. would be. 72. If she hadn’t overslept, she ……… late for the interview. A. wouldn’t be B. wouldn’t have been C. hadn’t been D. would have been 73. I’d have told you if I ………… the book. A. had seen B. would have seen C. saw D. see. 74. If we had known your new address, we………… to see you. A. came B. would have come C. would come D. will come. 75. If I found a wallet in the street, I ………….take it to police. A. will B. should C. would D. shall 76. If I had seen the movie, I_____________ you about it last night. A. could tell B. will tell C. had told D. would have told 77. He would give you the money if he_____________ it. A. have B. has C. had D. would have 78. She would call you immediately if she_______________ help. A. needed B. need C. needs D. will need 79. If you have enough time, please____________the chair before you leave. A. paint B. will paint C. painted D. would paint 80. We could go for a drive if today______________ Saturday. A. is B. was C. were D. had been 81. I_______________ if they invite me. A. accept B. could accept C. accepted D. will accept 82. If your mother_____________ that car for you, will you be happy? A. buy B. buys C. could have bought D. will buy 83. If he______________ early, he could have left on the afternoon flight. A. decided B. decides C. had decided D. would decide 84. If he had left early, he _______________ us A. will call B. would call C. could have called D. could call 85. If I finish the dress before Sunday, I_______________ it to my sister. A. give B. will give C. would give D. had given 86. I ………….that coat if I were you. A. wouldn’t buy B. didn’t buy C. don’t buy D. won’t buy. Exercise 1. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences. 1. If I ……….a lot of money now, I ………… a new car. a. have /will buy b. have / would buy c. had/ will buy d. had/ would buy. 2. If I ……………you, I …………….do that. a. am/ will b. were /would c. were/ will d. had been/ would. 3. if I were offered the job, I think I ………. it. a. take b. will take c. would take d. would have taken. 4. I would be very surprised if he…………… a. refuses b. refused c. had refused d. would refuse. 5. Many people would be out of work if that factory……… down. a. closes b. had closed c. closed d. would close. 6. If she sold her car, she ………… much money. a. gets b. would get c. will get d. would have got. 7. They would be disappointed if we……………. a. hadn’t come b. wouldn’t come c. don’t come d. didn’t come. 8. Would John be angry if I ……. ……his bicycle without asking? a. take b. took c. had taken d. would take. 9. She ……….terrible upset if I lost this ring. a. will be b. would be c. were d. had been. 10. If someone…………in here with a gun, I would be very frightened. a. would walk b. walks c. had walked d. walked. 11. What would happen if you …………… to work tomorrow? a. don’t go b. didn’t go c. won’t go d. wouldn’t go. 12. We ‘ll get wet if we ………….out. a. go b. did go c. went d. had gone. 13. If I go shopping, I ………some food. a. buy b. will buy c. would buy d. would have bought. 14. If I find it, I ………you. a. will tell b. would tell c. had told d. told. 15. What would you do if you……………a million dollars? a. would win b. win c. had won d. won. 16. They ‘d be hurt if I ………………. a. don’t go b. didn’t go c. hadn’t gone d. wouldn’t go. 17. If we took the 6: 30 train, we…………too early. a. would have arrived b. arrived c. will arrived d. would arrive. 18. If I had known you were in hospital, I …………to see you. a. will go b. would go c. went d. would have gone. 19. If I …………., I would have said hello. a. had seen b. see c. saw d. would see. 20. I………… out if I hadn’t been so tired. a. will go b. went c. would have gone d. would go. 21. If I ……… a camera, I would have taken some pictures. a. have b. had c. would have d. had had. 22. You won’t pass the examination……………you study more. a. as long as b. unless c. if d. whether. 23. If only I …………you wanted to invest money in business. a. had known b. knew c. have known d. know. 24. If I were to leave my country , I ……………disappointed. a. probably be b. would have been c. will be d. would be. 25. If he hadn’t wasted too much time, he…………….in his examination. a. would fail b. wouldn’t fail c. wouldn’t have failed. d. won’t fail. 26. If I had taken that English course, I ……… much progress. a. had made b. would have made c. made d. would make. 27. If I were in your place, I ……….a trip to England. a. will make b. had made c. made. d. would make. 28. If I ………… you , I’d save some of your lottery winning. a. be b. were c. am d. was 29. If the car ……… larger, we would have bought it. a. had been b. have been c. has been d. been 30. If I had enough money, I ……… abroad to improve my English. a. will go b. should go c. would go d. should have go to Exercise 2: Identify the one that has a mistake by circling the corresponding letter a, b, c, d. 1. If we will reduce the speed of population growth, there will be less pressure on the earth. A b c d A. will reduce->reduce 2. Unless we leave a bowl of water under the sun, it will evaporate. A b c d A. Unless-> If 3. If we continue to use fuels at the current rate, we would soon have to face a fuel crisis. A b c d C. would->will 4. If I am 10 centimeters taller, I would play basketball. A b c d A.am->were 5. If the doctors could find in the remedy, a lot of people would be saved. A b c d B. find in-> find out 6. If she bought that house now, she ran out of money. A b c d C. ran-> would run 7. What you would do if you could speak French well? A b c d A. you would do-> would you do 8. If I had known he is not at home, I wouldn’t have gone all the way to his house. A b c d B. is not-> was not 9. If I had known that the road were flooded, I would never have taken that way. A b c d B. were flooded -> was flooded 10. If I were you, I will go to the dentist’s and have the tooth checked. a b c d B. will go-> would go Exercise 3: Rewrite those sentences with words given: 1. Let me give you my advice. You should cut down on smoking right now. If I were you, I would cut down on smoking right now. 2. Leave me alone or I’ll call the police. Unless you leave me alone, I will call the police 3. If you arrive at the office earlier than I do, please turn on the air-conditioner. Should you arrive at the office earlier than I do, please turn on the air-conditioner. 4. The children don’t go to school in the snowy weather. If it snows, the children won't go to school 5. He died so young; otherwise, he would be a famous musician by now. Had he not died so young, he would have been a famous musician by now. 6. You must tell me the whole truth or I won’t help you. Unless you tell me the whole truth, I won't help you 7. The car breaks down so often because you don’t take good care of it. Were I you, I would take good care of it 8. He is very bad-tempered, that’s why his wife left him soon after marriage. If he hadn't been very bad-tempered, his wife wouldn't have left him soon after marriage 9. Don’t tell lies to your boss or you’ll be fired at once. If you tell lies to your boss, you'll be fired at once 10. She got married at such an early age: otherwise, she would be at university now. Had she not got married at such an early age, she would have been at university now. . she had read the passage more carefully and slowly, the candidate…………. it easily A. understood. B. would have understood C. will understood D. would understand. 54. If it……………, they will not go. made B. would have made C. made D. would make. 33. If I were in your place, I ……….a trip to England. A. will make B. had made C. made D. would make. 34. If I ………… you , I’d save some of your lottery. myself. A. can lend B. could lend C. would lend D. will lend 43. If someone ……… into the store, smile and say, “ May I help you?” A. comes B. came C. would come D. could lend 44. If you stay up late