de cuong on tap anh 8 ki 2

CNG ễN TP TING ANH 8 HKII A. T vng : T bi 9 16 B. Ng phỏp: 1. Thì của động từ Tenses Form Trạng từ thờng gặp Cách dùng và ví dụ 1.The S. present (Hiện tại đơn) S + bare-V/V-s/V-es S+do/does not+ bare- V Do/Does+ S+ bare- V ? - always, ofen, usually,frequentyly sometimes=occasionally, rarely=seldom, once or tiwce a week, never * Chỉ 1 thói quen ở hiện tại - ex: He usually (go) goes t o school in the morning * 1 sự thật không thay đổi - ex: The sun (rise) rises in the East. 2. The Present Continuo us (Hiện tại tiếp diễn) S+ am/is/ are+ V-ing S + am/is/are+ not+ V-ing Am/is/are+ S+ V- ing? at the moment, at the time,Verb! (look!, listen!, be quiet) at present = now * Chỉ hành động đang xảy ra tại thời điểm đang nói - It (rain) is raining now. - Lan (eat) is eating at preent - Listen! She (sing) is singing 3. The Pr. Perfect (HTHT) S + have/has + V3/Ved S + have/has +not+ V3/V-ed Have/Has + S + V3/V-ed? for + khoảng t.gian since + Mốc t.gian never, ever, just = recently = lately, so far = up to now = up to the present= until now,already, yet,this is the first time , several times. * Chỉ 1 hành động xảy ra trong qk t.gian không xác định ex: She (vờsit) has visited Ha Long Bay several times. * Chỉ hành động bắt đầu ở QK mà còn tiếp tục đến hiện tại - We (learn) have learnt English for 7 years. - My mother (be) has been sick sinse yesterday - Lan (just buy) has just bought a new shirt. 4. The P.perfect continuo us HTHTTD ) S + have/has + been + V-ing S+have/has+not+been +V-ing Have/Has + S + been + V-ing? for + khoảng t.gian since + Mốc t.gian so far = up to now = up to the present= until now * Dùng để nhấn mạnh 1 hành động khởi sự trong quá khứ kéo dài đến hiện tại và còn tiếp tục ở tơng lai. - She (wait) has been waiting to see you since 2 o clock - He (work) has been working in this factory for 4 years. 5. The S. Past ( Qk) S + V2/V-ed S + did + NOT + bare- V Did +S + bare- V? - Yessterday, last (last week /month/ year ), ago, in + year(in 2000 ) * 1 số việc xảy ra ở thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ - She (meet) met him yesterday. - Mr Pike (stay) stayed here last nigh 6. The Past Continuo us (QKTD) S + was/ were + V-ing S + was/ were + not+ V-ing Was/ were + S + V- ing? At 5 P.m/ at 5 oclock + Thời gian trong QK, all day yesterday * Chỉ 1 hành động xảy ra ở 1 điểm thời gian xác định trong QK - At this time last night, she (study) was studying lessons at home. * Chỉ 2 hành động cùng xảy ra song song ở QK - My mother (cook) was cooking while my father (watch) was watching TV. * Chỉ 1 hành động đang xảy ra ở QK thì 1 hành động khác xen vào -When he ( drive) was driving, he (see) saw a serious accident. 7. The Past Perfect : (QKHT) S + had + V3/ V-ed S + had + NOT + V3/ V-ed Had + S + V3/ V-ed? before, after, by, *Diễn tả 1 hành động xảy ra ở QK trớc 1 hành động khác hoặc 1 thời điểm trong QK - Before 1975, he (work) had worked in that factory - When I (come) come, he (leave) had left by 7 o clock - After he (graduate) had graduated, he (go) went abroad. 9. The S. future (TL đơn) S + will/ shall + Vinf S + will/shall + not + Vinf Will/Shall + S +Vinf? Tomorrow, next (next week/ month/ year ), someday, Diễn tả hành động xảy ra ở tơng lai. - Tomorrow he (visit ) will viisit me. - She (stay) will stay at next Monday. EX: Give the correct form of the verbs 1.The sun always (rise) in the east. Look, it (rise)! 2. I dont think I (go) out tonight. Im too tired. 3. Where you (spend) your summer holiday last year, Tam? 4. In my country, it (not rain) much in winter. 5. Let’s wait for Lien (arrive) and we (have) dinner. 6. The moon (move) around the earth. 7. Mai (be) very happy when she (receive) a letter from her sister this morning. 8. Would you like (join) my class next Sunday? We (visit) the local museum. 9. My father (read) now. He always (read) a book after dinner. 10. A friend of my brother’s (call) him last night, but he (not be) at home. So I (take) a message for him. 11. - Are you busy this evening?Yes, I (meet) Tuan at the library at seven. We (study) together. 12. Mai (telephone) you when she comes back. 13. When we (be) small, our family (live) in the countryside. 14. Miss Trang is in hospital - Yes, I know. I (visit) her tomorrow. 15. I (read) an interesting book at the moment. I (lend) it to you when I finish it. 16. Look at those black clouds. It (rain). 17. I (not invite) her to the party because I (forget) her phone number. 18. Look! Our new teacher (come). She (have) long, black hair. 19. The boys like (play) games but (hate) do lessons. 20. Please stop (talk); I (try) (finish) a letter to the Y&Y Green Group. 21. His doctor advised him (give up) (smoke). 22. By (work) day and nihgt he succeeded in (finish) the job in time. 23. There (be) many volunteers in Sea Games 22 nd in Viet Nam in 2003. 24. How long you (know) Mrs. Chi? - I (know) her for five years. 25. Your dog ever (bite) anyone? - Yes, he (bite) a policeman last week. 26. We (not see) her since we (be) on holiday in Ha Long Bay. 27. Phuong (not finish) her homework yet. 28. Would you like some coffee? I just (make) some. 29. She (feed) the cat yet? - Yes, she (feed) it half an hour ago. 30. The weather (become) colder and colder in December. 31. He (cut) my hair too short. - Don’t worry; it (grow) again very quickly. 32.I (not go) out this evening. I (stay) at home. 33. The film (begin) at 7.30 or 8.00? 34. You (be) away? - Yes. I (go) to the country last Sunday. 35. They just (phone) to say that they (not come) back till Friday night. 36. My uncle (not visit) us since he (move) to the new town. 37. You should practice (speak) English every day. 38. The movie (start) at 8.15 this evening. 39. We already (finish) the first semester exams. 40. Mr. Binh (learn) Chinese at school, but he (forget) most of it. 41. We (have) a party next Sunday. Would you like (come)? 42. While my sister and I (watch) a movie on TV last night, our uncle in the USA (phone). 43. Please continue your work; We don’t mind (wait). 44. Ha Long Bay in Viet Nam (be) a World Herritage Site. It (visit) by millions of people every year. 45. If Mr. Lam (go) to Paris next week, he (see) the Eiffel Tower. 46. I myself (witness) an accident on the Main Road yesterday. A boy (knock) down by a car. Then he (take) to the nearest hospital 47. Most of the Earth’s surface (cover) by water. 48. The first festival (hold) nearly eight hundred years ago. 49. There’s someone behind us. I think we (follow). 50. An interesting book (read) by Lan at the moment. 51. This bike (use) for more than six years. 52. Nowadays, many historical places (destroy) seriously. 53. A new text book (publish) next month. 54. The Eiffel Tower is in Paris. It (visit) by millions of people every year. 55. Since the 1980s more and more paper (recycle). 56. Tet holiday in Viet Nam (celebrate) around January and February. 57. Last night when we (visit) him, he (do) an experiment on the upstair. 58. I (not see) your uncle recently. - No. He (not go) out since he (buy) a new color television. 59. Look! The athletes (march) proudly behind their flag. 60. She (not see) that film before. 61. Listen! Why they (cry)? What (happen) to the? 62. As soon as her mother (come) home, all her friends (call) her. 63. She (come) to see you if she arrives here. 64. When I was younger , I (play) football but now I dont. 65. I (work) on a farm once and had to get up at 5 every morning. It was difficult at first as I (not get up) so early. 66. Cuckoos (not build) nests. They (use) the nests of other birds. 67. I (wear) my sunglasses today because the sun is very strong. 68. I wish that dog (lie down). He (keep) jumping up on my feet. I (think) he (want) to go for a walk. 69. I (lie) in the beach when the phone (ring). It (stop) after a few rings. 70. It (be) cold when we (leave) the house that day, and a light snow (fall). 71. I (walk) along the street when I suddenly (feel) something hit me in the back. I (not know) what it was. 72. When I (see) the man, he (stand) outside the bank. He (have)a cap on. 73. When I (open) the cupboard door, a pile of books (fall) out. 74. I cant help (feel) anxious about her study. 75. Most people prefer (ride) to (walk). 2: REPORTED SPEECH: +Câu trực tiếp: là câu nói đợc thuật lại đúng nguyên văn lời của ngời nói. VD:Tom said, I like reading books. Note: câu trực tiếp đợc viết trong ngoặc kép, và ngăn cách với mệnh đề tờng thuật bởi dấu phẩy. +Câu gián tiếp: là lời nói đợc thuật lại với ý và từ của ngời thuật nhng vẫn giữ nguyên ý. VD: Tom said he liked reading books. Note: Câu gián tiếp không bị ngăn cách bởi dấu phẩy, dấu ngoặc kép và luôn tận cùng bằng dấu chấm. *Câu trực tiếp và câu gián tiếp bao giờ cũng gồm hai phần: -Câu tờng thuật/ mệnh đề tờng thuật. -Câu trực tiếp hay câu gián tiếp. Tom said, I like reading books. MĐ tờng thuật câu trực tiếp Tom said he liked reading books. MĐ tờng thuật câu gián tiếp *Những thay đổi khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp : -Đổi ngôi, đổi thì, từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn theo quy tắc. 1-Đổi ngôi: -Ngôi thứ nhất: I, me, my, mine, myself, we, us, our, ours, ourselves đợc đổi theo ngôi của chủ ngữ ở mệnh đề tờng thuật. Tom said, I like reading books. > Tom said he liked reading books. -Ngôi thứ 2: you, yours, your, yourself, yourselves đợc đổi theo ngôi của tân ngữ của mệnh đề tờng thuật. He said to me, You can take my book. > He said to me (that) I could take his book. Ngôi thứ 2 đợc đổi thành ngôi thứ 3 nếu mệnh đề tờng thuật không có tân ngữ. He said, You can take my book. > He said she could take his book. -Ngôi thứ ba: he, him, his, himself, they, them, their, theirs, themselves giữ nguyên VD: Mai said, They cant finish their homework. > Mai said they couldnt finish their homework. 2-Đổi thì: Khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp ta phải lùi 1 thì : Trực tiếp Gián tiếp +Hiện tại đơn: S + V( s, es ): am, is, are +Hiện tại tiếp diễn: S+ am/is/ are+ V-ing +Quá khứ đơn : S + Ved/ bqt ( cột 2 ) +Hiện tại hoàn thành: S +had + P2 +Quá khứ tiếp diễn +Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn. +Tơng lai thờng: S + will/ shall + Vinf +Tơng lai hoàn thành: S + wii have + p2 +Qúa khứ hoàn thành : >Quá khứ đơn : S + Ved/ bqt ( cột 2 ) : was/ were >Quá khứ tiếp diễn: S + was/ were + V-ing >Quá khứ hoàn thành: S +had + P2 >Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn >Tơng lai trong quá khứ : Would/ should >would/ could + have + V-pII > không đổi +C¸c c©u ®iỊu kiƯn > kh«ng ®ỉi 3-§ỉi tõ chØ thêi gian, n¬i chèn: Trùc tiÕp Gi¸n tiÕp This These Here Now Ago Today Tonight Tomorrow Yesterday Last night/ week/ month/ year Next week/ month/ year That Those There Then/ at one/ immediately. Before That day That night The next/ following day. The day before/ the previous day The night/ week/ month/ year before hc the previous night… The following week/ month/ year. - Ngôi thứ nhất chuyển về cùng ngôi người nói. (I → he, she; me → him/ her; my → his, * C¸c d¹ng c©u trùc tiÕp chun sang c©u gi¸n tiÕp: 1-D¹ng c©u trùc tiÕp lµ c©u ph¸t biĨu: *C¸ch chun: -LỈp l¹i tõ said/ say. -Bá ngc kÐp, bá dÊu phÈy thay b»ng that. -Thay ®ỉi th×, tõ chØ thêi gian vµ n¬i chèn, ng«i cho phï hỵp víi nghÜa cđa c©u (nÕu cã) *C«ng thøc: Trùc tiÕp: S + said, “ Clause” >Gi¸n tiÕp: S + said + (that) Clause (lïi th×) VD: Lan said: “I am a student”. >Lan said (that) she was a student. 2-D¹ng c©u trùc tiÕp lµ c©u cÇu khiÕn, c©u mƯnh lƯnh: *C¸ch chun: -§ỉi ®éng tõ say >tell, said >told, sau ®ã thªm t©n ng÷ vµo sau nã. -Bá dÊu phÈy, dÊu ngc kÐp, dÊu chÊm than, tõ please (nÕu cã). -§ỉi ®¹i tõ nh©n xng, tÝnh tõ së h÷u, tr¹ng tõ chØ thêi gian, n¬i chèn (nÕu cÇn thiÕt) *C«ng thøc: +Kh¼ng ®Þnh: Trùc tiÕp: S + say/ said, “V…” >Gi¸n tiÕp: S + tell/ told + O + to + V… VD: She said, “Close the books, please!” >She told the students to close the books. +Phđ ®Þnh: Trùc tiÕp: S + say/ said, “Don’t + V…” >Gi¸n tiÕp: S + tell/ told + O + not + to + V VD: She said, “Don’t sit down!” >She told me not to sit down 3-Dạng câu trực tiếp là câu hỏi đảo (Yes/ No- questions) *Cách chuyển: -Đổi said >asked (hoặc wanted to know/ wondered) sau đó thêm tân ngữ (nếu cần thiết). -Bỏ dấu ngoặc kép, dấu phẩy và dấu hỏi. -Đặt If/ whether lên trớc chủ ngữ của câu gián tiếp +động từ lùi thì. -Đổi ngôi, đổi từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn(nếu cần thiết). *Công thức: Trực tiếp: Do/ Does/ Did + S + V-nd ? >Gián tiếp: S + asked + O + if/ whether + S + V-lùi thì VD: Do you go to school? he said. >He asked me whether/ if I went to school. +Dạng động từ khuyết thiếu: Trực tiếp: Can/ shall/ will+ S + V-nd.? >Gián tiếp: S + asked + O + if/ whether + S + could/ should/ would + V-nd VD: Mary said to Nam, Can you speak English? >Mary asked Nam if/ whether he could speak English. 4-Dạng câu trực tiếp là câu hỏi có từ để hỏi: (Wh-questions) *Cách chuyển: -Đổi said >asked (hoặc wanted to know/ wondered) sau đó thêm tân ngữ (nếu cần thiết). -Bỏ dấu ngoặc kép, dấu phẩy và dấu hỏi. -Đặt từ hỏi wh lên trớc chủ ngữ của câu gián tiếp +động từ lùi thì. -Đổi ngôi, đổi từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn(nếu cần thiết). *Công thức: Trực tiếp: Từ hỏi + do/ does/ did + S + V-nd ? >Gián tiếp: S + asked + O + từ hỏi + S + V-lùi thì VD: Where do you live? he said. >He asked me where I lived. +Dạng động từ khuyết thiếu: Trực tiếp: Từ hỏi + can/ shall/ will+ S + V-nd ? >Gián tiếp: S + asked + O + Từ hỏi + S + could/ should/ would + V-nd VD: Mary said to Nam, How can you speak English? >Mary asked Nam how he could speak English. *Với TOBE: VD1: Are you a student? She asked me. >She asked me if I was a student. VD2: Is she doing her homework? Mary asked him. >Mary asked him if she was doing her homework. VD3: What are you doing? Mai said to Hoa >Mai asked Hoa what she was doing. Note:Nếu câu hỏi với will/ shall diễn tả yêu cầu, lời mời, đề nghị có thể chuyển sang câu gián tiếp dạng câu hỏi hoặc câu cầu khiến. VD: He said, Will you open the door? >He asked me to open the door. (He asked me If I would open the door Exercise: Change the sentences into repoted speech 1.you should change the way you learn English Ba said Khanh should 2.Can you lend me your math book ? Ba asked me 3”Please show me to your father .” Ba told Lan I. 1 He said, 'Get out of my way.' 2 'Climb in through the window,' he ordered. 3 'Please pay at the desk,' said the assistant. 4 'Open your bag, please,' said the store detective. 5 'Don't worry about anything, Mrs. Pitt,' said her solicitor. 'Leave it all to me.' 6 'Don't use bent coins in a slot machine,' I warned him. 7 'Follow that car,' the detective said to the taxi-driver. 8 'Wash it in lukewarm water,' recommended the assistant. 9 'Have confidence in me,' urged the doctor. 10 'Take me up to the 33rd floor,' he said to the liftman. II 1 'What country do you come from?' said Bill. 2 'How long have you been here?' said Ann. 3 'Are you working as well as studying?' asked Peter. 4 'Have you got a work permit?' Bill wanted to know. 5 'What are you going to study?' asked Ann. 6 'Have you enrolled for more than one class?' said Peter. 7 'Do you want to buy any second-hand books?' said Bill. 8 'Have you seen the library?' asked Ann. 9 'Do you play rugby?' said Peter. 10 'Will you have time to play regularly?' he went on. IV. 1 Tom invited Ann to come for a drive the following day. 2 Ann accepted with pleasure and asked where he was thinking of going. 3 He said he'd leave it to her. 4 She suggested Stratford . . . 5 adding that she hadn't been there for ages. 6 Tom agreed and said that they might go on the river if it was a fine day. 7 Ann wondered what was on at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre. 8 Tom said they'd find out when they got there 9 adding that it was usually possible to get seats on the day of the play. 10 He asked Ann if she could be ready by ten. III 1. My friend said, "Are you going to leave tomorrow?" 2."Have you done your homework?", said my mother. 3. I asked Bill, "What time did you go to bed last night?" 4. Paul said "I must go home now." 5."There's been an accident and the road is blocked", said the policeman. 6. "We are waiting for the school bus", said the children. 7. Mary said, "My father died a year ago". 8."Must you go now?", said Mr. Brown. 9."Whose bicycle did you borrow yesterday?", his mother asked him. 10."It isn't so foggy today as it was yesterday", said the teacher. 11."Be modest if you are a good pupil", said my father. 12."Shut the door but don't lock it" she said to us. 13. Tom said, "New York is bigger than London". IX. Rewrite these sentences, using reported speech. 1. Charles said, “I’m living in London now.” …………………………………………………………………………… 2. He said to us, “You are my best friends.” …………………………………………………………………………… 3. Johnny said to me, “I don’t know what Fred is doing.”……………………………………………………………… 4. She said, “I will answer the phone.” …………………………………………………………………………………… 5. He said to his friends, “I must go home now.” ………………………………………………………………………… 6. Hoa said, “I can’t go out after 8 pm.” ………………………………………………………………………………… 7. She said to me, “I will come and see you as soon as I can.” ………………………………………………………… 8. Susan said, “My sister is coming to see me next week.” ……………………………………………………………… 9. Judy said, “John wants to come here but he isn’to very well.” ……………………………………………………… 10. Judy said to me, “I’m going away for a few days. I’ll phone you when I get back.” …………………………………. XI/ Rewrite the following Yes/No questions in reported speech, use IF or WHETHER: 1.“Do you enjoy reading books?” Phong asked Peter. => Phong asked Peter……………………………………………………………………………………………. 2. “Does she like sports?”Hoa asked Lan. =>Hoa asked …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. “Does Hoa play badminton?” Lan asked Thu. =>Lan asked Thu………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. “Does your sister and brother go to the same school?”She asked Nam. =>She asked……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. “Do the children perform on TV?” Her mother asked her teacher. =>Her mother asked……………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. “Are there some oranges in the fridge?” She asked her mom. =>She asked……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7. “Will it rain tomorrow morning?” He asked his friend. =>He asked………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8. “Do you travel to school by bus?” Tam asked Peter. =>Tam asked …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9. “Are Tam and Hoa late for class?” Tuan asked Lan. =>Tuan asked…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10. “Do you need an umbrella to go out?” She asked me. =>She asked……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2: The present perfect tense 1-Công thức: (+) S + have/ has + V-pII (-) S + have / has + not + V-pII (?) Have/ Has + S + V-pII ? -Yes, S + have/ has. -No, S + have/ hasn’t. Notes: Have: they, we, you, 2TR Has : I, she, he, it, 1TR 2- Cách dung: -Diễn tả 1 sự việc vừa mới xảy ra. Ex: She has just arrived at the airport. They have begun a new English class recently. - Diễn tả sự việc xảy ra không nhớ rõ thời gian. Ex: I have already seen that play. Have you ever been to New York? He has not repaired his car yet? - Diễn tả một sự việc đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và còn liên quan đến hiện tại Ex: I have lived in Lam Cot since 2004. I have lived in Lam Cot for 4 years. 3 – Các từ đi kèm: Just, since, for, recently, yet, never, ever, already, before, so far, it’s the first/ second time…, up to now, up to the present, till now(cho tới bây giờ), all + TTSH + life. * Vị trí của các từ: - Just, never, ever, already đứng ngay sau have/ has. - Yet, before đứng cuối câu. *Notes: yet: chỉ dung trong câu phủ định và câu hỏi. For + khoảng thời gian. Since + mốc thời gian ở quá khứ. Never: mang nghĩa phủ định. 1. How long you ( study ) . English ? for five years.……………… 2. I ( wait ) for two hours, but she ( not come ) yet.……………… 3. They ( live ) in Ho Chi Minh city since 1975.……………… 4. She ( read ) .all the books written by Dickens. How many books you ……………… ( read )? 5. He ( not , be ) here since Christmas. I wonder where he ( live ) since then.…………… 6. Jack ( go ) .to Paris for a holiday. He never ( be ) there .………………… 7. ……….You ( sleep ) so far ? I .( ring ) the bell for the last twenty ……… ………… minutes. 8. He ( write ) a novel for two years, nut he ( not finish ) yet.………… 9. Mary ( lose ) . her hat and she ( look) for it until now.…………… 10.I ( see ) .that film several times because I like it.………… 3: PHRASE OF PURPOSE and ajectives 1-ADJECTIVE FOLLOWED BY AN INFINITIVE : It’s + adjective + to-V - It’s dangerous to swim in that river. ( Bơi ở con sông đó thật nguy hiểm.) - It’s easy to learn English. ( Rất dễ học tiếng Anh. / Học tiếng Anh rất dễ.) - It’s difficult to do that exercise. ( Làm bài tập đó rất khó.) Những Adjectives thường gặp trong cấu trúc này là: easy, difficult, hard, dangerous, important, necessary, lovely, interesting, nice, great… => It’s + adj + to V… = To V + tobe + adj = V-ing + tobe + adj 2- ADJECTIVE FOLLOWED BY A NOUN CLAUSE: Subject + Verb + adjective + noun clause - They are delighted that you passed your exam. (Họ rất vui khi bạn thi đậu.) - He was happy that you remembered his birthday. ( Ông ấy rất vui khi bạn nhớ sinh nhật của ông ấy.) - I’m sure that they will come. (Tôi chắc chắn họ sẽ đến.) Những Adjectives thường gặp trong cấu trúc này là: happy, delighted, sad, sure, certain, relieved, afraid, sorry… 3. PHRASE OF PURPOSE Ta có thể dùng cấu trúc so as (not) to + Vo hoặc in order (not) to + Vo để diễn tả 1 mục đích. Ví dụ: - I study hard in order to pass the exam. - I study hard so as to pass the exam - She opened the umbrella in order to protect herself from rain. - She opened the umbrella so as to protect herself from rain. 4: passive voice 1-c«ng thøc tỉng qu¸t: S + V + O S + be + pII + by+O *C©u bÞ ®éng ë th× hiƯn t¹i thêng: S + V-s,es + O S + am/ is/ are + pII + by+ O Ex: The workers make the pens. The pens are made by workers. *C©u bÞ ®éng ë th× qu¸ khø ®¬n: S + V-ed + O S + was / were + pII + by+ O EX: I visited my grandparents last week. My parents were visited by me last week. *Câu bị động ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành: S + have/ has + V- pII + O S + have/ has + been + pII + by+ O Ex:They have built this house since last week. This house has been built since last week (by them) *Câu bị động của các động từ khuyết thiếu: S + modal + V + O S + modal + be + pII + by+O Ex:He can mend this bike. This bike can be mended by him. 2-Cách chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động: -Xác định chủ ngữ, động từ, tân ngữ của câu chủ động. -Tân ngữ của câu chủ động chuyển thành chủ ngữ của câu bị động. -Viết be ở thì của động từ chính trong câu chủ động. -Viết động từ chính của câu bị động ở dạng quá khứ phân từ. -Chủ ngữ của câu chủ động chuyển thành tân ngữ của câu bị động, viết sau chữ BY. -Nếu chủ ngữ là đại từ nhân xng (they, he, she, we, you) hay đại từ bất định (someone, everyone ) có thể bỏ ở câu bị động. -Đối với động từ khuyết thiếu ở câu bị động, ta thêm BE vào giữa động từ khuyết thiếu và động từ chính (ở dạng quá khứ phân từ) 1. They break the glass into small pieces. 2. They wash the glass with a detergent liquid. 3. They dry the glass pieces completely. 4. People mix them with certain specific chemicals. 5. They melt the mixture until it becomes a liquid. 6. John will collect me at the airport. 7. He will play football all over the world. 8. We must pay this bill at once. 9. Lan can speak French . 10. People speak English all over the world. PASSIVE VOICE 1) A group of students have met their friends at the railway station 2) They didn't allow Tom to take these books home 3) The teacher won't correct exercises tomorrow 4) How many trees did they cut down to build that fence? 5) This well-known library attracts many people 6) All students attended the meeting 7) People say that he is intelligent 8) He can't repair my bike 9) Mary has operated Tom since 10 o'clock 10) This is the second time they have written to us about this 11) Mr. Smith has taught us French for 2 years 12) They didn't look after the children properly 13) Nobody swept this street last week 14) People drink a great deal of tea in England 15) People speak English all over the world 16) Tom was writing 2 poems 17) She often takes her dog for a walk 18) How many lessons are you going to learn next month? 19) She didn't introduce me to her mother 20) Someone had invented electric lights before I was born 21) Farmers usually milk cows twice a day 22) He likes people to call him "sir" 23) People know that Japan produces a wide range of cars 24) Our teacher used to bid us talk in class 25) Don't let other see you 26) Workers were digging a large hole in the ground 27) Before they took exams they had revised their lesson 28) The car knocked a woman down in the street 29) When he came home his father was reading a newspaper 30) Cows were eating grass on the meadow III/ Make the questions for the underlined words: 1. Two hundred people are employed by the company. 2. Cheese and butter are made from milk. 3. The result will be known next week. 4. a milk bottle can be reused thirty times. 5. The park gates are locked at 6:30 p.m. 6. The applications should be sent to the main office. 7. The room is cleaned every day. 8. Clement Clarke Moore wrote the poem “A Visit from Saint Nocholas”. 9. Angkor Wat was part of a royal Khmer city a long time ago. 10. Phong Nha Cave is in the North Viet Nam. 5: V-ing and V-ed participles and requests 1- HiƯn t¹i ph©n tõ vµ qu¸ khø ph©n tõ: V-ing and V-ed participles: Có 2 loại Participle Phrases : Present Participle Phrases và Past Participle Phrases. a. Present Participle Phrases: diễn tả ý chủ động (Active), hoặc “đang làm gì”. Thường dùng với người - The boy standing over there is Jack. - The boys playing in the garden are his sons. b. Past Participle Phrases: diễn tả ý thụ động (Passive). Thường dùng với đồ vật - The car made from recycled aluminum cans is 5 dollars. - The doll dressed in blue is Mary’s. 2-c©u yªu cÇu vµ ®Ị nghÞ: • Chúng ta có thể dùng 1 trong những cách sau đây để đưa ra 1 lời đề nghò hoặc yêu cầu. Lưu ý động từ đứng sau mind phải ở dạng V-ing (Gerund) C«ng thøc: Do you mind +V-ing Would you mind - Do you mind opening the window? (Phiền bạn mở dùm cửa sổ.) - Would you mind opening the window? (Phiền bạn mở dùm cửa sổ.) * Nếu đồng ý, ta có thể dùng 1 trong những cách sau đây: - No, I don’t mind. - No, of course not. - Not at all. - No problem. * Nếu không thể làm theo yêu cầu, ta có thể dùng 1 trong những cách sau đây: - I’m sorry, I can’t. - I’m afraid, I can’t. - I’m sorry, that is not possible. • Nếu muốn xin phép cho mình làm chuyện gì, ta có thể dùng 1 trong những cách sau đây: C«ng thøc: Do you mind if I + V-htđ [...]... inhabit) 20 Angkor Wat was ……………… built to honor a Hindu God ( origin) 21 The town now becomes the Buddhist ……………… center of the whole country ( religion) 22 The area ……………… the village used to be flooded ( surround) 23 Ha Long Bay is in ……………… Viet Nam ( North) 24 I’ve made a few ……………… to the design ( adjust) 25 This is such a ……………… career as a test pilot ( challenge) 26 The president is deeply ………………... then answer the questions on P. 126 : 1 How long ago did the Christmas tree come to the USA? 2 Why did the Englishman have someone design a card? 3 When were Christmas songs first performed? 4 What is Santa Claus based on? ** Read the text on P 136 and then say T/F 1 An Egyptian man compiled a list of what he thought were the seven wonders of the world 2 The only surviving wonder is the Pyramid of Cheops... pollution ( concern) 27 The child started ……………… at the red balloon (fix) 28 The …………… of goods by rail is cheaper then by ship or plane ( convey) 29 There was a big …………… in front of the stadium yesterday (crush) 30 The detergent comes powder or …………… form ( liquefy) VIII/ Pick out the words that has the underlined letters pronounced differently from the others: A B C D 1 arrived sight island prison 2. .. Francisco on Friday ** Read the dialogue on P. 122 and say True or False Then correct the false sentences : 1 Two teams members take part in the water-fetching 2 One person has to collect four water bottles 3 The fire is made without matches or lighters 4 Pieces of wood are used to make the fire 5 In the final contest, the team members taste the rice ** Read the passages on P 125 and then answer the questions... not to be / to not be / not be) 23 She asked me a driving licence (if I have/ whether I have / if I had / whether I have had ) 24 The pyramid of Cheops is one of the seven of the world ( Pyramid / temples / landmarks / wonders ) 25 The only surviving wonder on Antipater’s list is ( The great Wall of China / The statue of Zues / The Pyramid of Cheops / Angkor Wat) 26 Angkor Wat was originally built... Hanging Garden of Babylon in present-day Iraq _ 4 The Great Wall of China first wasn’t in the list of seven wonders of the world _ 5 Angkor Wat was originally built to honor a Hindu God 6 In the early 15th century, the Khomer King chose Angkor Wat as the new capital _ ** Read the dialogue on P1 38 and say T & F: 1 The printer isn’t working _ 2 Nam has already turned the computer on _ 3... please 8 environment birthday white stripe 9 copy novel pop come 10 wanted needed attended worked 11 bank station lazy vacation 12 stopped watched learned looked 13 repair relax energetic enjoy 14 thin then they there 15 school teacher children chicken 16 compile snorkel memorize compete 17 heritage ranger jungle pomegranate 18 require install fix restrict 19 connect fetch recognize concern 20 gallery... importing flowers from Viet Nam ( on / around / to / off) 18 I can see a boy a water buffalo ( ride / riding / to ride / rode) 19 It’s to travel around Viet Nam ( interested / interesting / interestedly / interestingly) 20 Would you mind the window? ( to close / closing / closed / close) 21 This is the first time Shannon rice paddies ( is seeing / saw / see / has seen) 22 I promised late ( not being... I’d love to see you I (7-phone) you on Friday afternoon Your friend Nga  1. _, 2 _, 3 _, 4 _, 5 , 6 , 7 @ Dear sally We are having a wonderful time _(1)_ the USA The _ (2) _are friendly and the _(3)_ has been warm and sunny In San Francisco, I _(4)_ my friend, Sandra Smith and _(5)_ family It was _(6)_ to see them I _(7)_ lots souvenirs _ (8) _ the children Thanh is always complaining about... young 17 Have you done your homework the teacher gives yesterday yet? 18 As students we ought follow our parents’ and teachers’ advice 19 Would you mind if I take a photo of you and your family? 20 We are going to held a summer camp this July VII/ Give the correct form of the words: 1 She was ……………………… for days after the accident ( conscious) 2 His speedy ……………………… after the operation was amazed all . country. ( religion) 22 . The area ……………… the village used to be flooded. ( surround) 23 . Ha Long Bay is in ……………… Viet Nam ( North) 24 . I’ve made a few ……………… to the design. ( adjust). 25 . This is. Group. 21 . His doctor advised him (give up) (smoke). 22 . By (work) day and nihgt he succeeded in (finish) the job in time. 23 . There (be) many volunteers in Sea Games 22 nd in Viet Nam in 20 03. 24 career as a test pilot. ( challenge) 26 . The president is deeply ……………… about the pollution. ( concern) 27 . The child started ……………… at the red balloon. (fix) 28 . The …………… of goods by rail is