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REPORTED SPEECH LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP

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REPORTED SPEECH - Trong cõu trực tiếp thụng tin đi từ người thứ nhất đến thẳng người thứ hai người thứ nhất núi trực tiếp với người thứ hai.. Ex1: He said "I bought a new motorbike for m

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REPORTED SPEECH

- Trong cõu trực tiếp thụng tin đi từ người thứ nhất đến thẳng người thứ hai (người thứ nhất núi trực tiếp với người thứ hai)

Ex1: He said "I bought a new motorbike for myself yesterday"

thỡ QKĐ đại từ trạng từ

- Trong cõu giỏn tiếp thụng tin đi từ người thứ nhất qua người thứ hai

đến với người thứ ba Khi đú cõu cú biến đổi về mặt ngữ phỏp

=> He said he had bought a new motorbike for himself the day

before.

thỡ QKHT

 Để biến đổi một cõu trực tiếp sang cõu giỏn tiếp cần:

1 Đổi thỡ trong cõu trực tiếp, tất cả cỏc cõu trực tiếp đổi qua

cõu giỏn tiếp đều lựi về một thỡ.

2 Đổi Chủ từ và đại từ trong cõu trực tiếp.

3 Đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn trong cõu trực tiếp.

Changes in tenses ( Đổi thỡ)

Direct ( cõu trực tiếp) Indirect( cõu giỏn tiếp)

1 HTĐ

2 HTTD

3 HTHT

4 HTHTTD

5 QKĐ

6 QKHT

7 TLĐ

( will/ shall + V0 )

 Can/ may

 Must

 ought to/ should

 could/ would/ might

 used to/ had better

- QKĐ

- QKTD

- QKHT

- QKHTTD

- QKHT

- QKHT

- Tương lai trong quỏ khứ

( would / should + V0 )

- could/ might

- had to

- khụng đổi

- khụng đổi

- khụng đổi

 Note: - Cỏc trường hợp khụng thay đổi về thỡ khi chuyển sang cõu giỏn tiếp.

1 Động từ ở mệnh đề chính ở các thì hiện tại và tơng lai đơn.

Ex1: The farmer says: " I hope it will rain "

=> The farmer says he hopes it will rain

2 Câu điều kiện loại 2 và loại 3:

Ex2: He said," If I were you, I would marry her."

Trang 2

=> He said if he were me, he would marry her.

3 Lêi nãi trùc tiÕp diÔn t¶ mét ch©n lý.

Ex3: My teacher said, " The sun rises in the East"

 My teacher said that the sun rises in the East.

Change of Pronoun ( Đổi đại từ)

Direct ( câu trực tiếp) Indirect( câu gián tiếp)

 Ngôi thứ nhất:

- I

- Me

- My

- Myself

- We

- Us

- Our

- ourself

 Ngôi thứ 2

- you

- your

 Ngôi thứ 3

- he, him, his,

- she, her, it(s),

- they, them, their

o He /she

o Him / her

o His / her

o Himself / herself

o They

o Them

o Their

o Themselves

o Me / I

o My

- không đổi

 Note: Nhất => chủ, Nhị => túc, tam => nguyên

Change of adverbs ( Đổi trạng từ)

Direct ( câu trực tiếp) Indirect( câu gián tiếp)

1 today/ tonight

2 yesterday

3 tonight

4 tomorrow

5 this moth

6 last month

7 next month

8 here

9 now

10 ago

11 this

12 these

1 that day/ that night

2 the day before/ the previous day

3 that night

4 the following day/ the next day

5 that month

6 the moth before / the previous month

7 the month after / the following month

8 there

9 then

10 before

11 that

12 those

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A Kinds of reported speech:

1 Statements: ( câu phát biểu)

Ex1: They said to us, “These are snakes.”

=> They told us (that) those were snakes

Ex2: “I came at 8 o’clock,” he said

=> He said (that) he had come at 8 o’clock

 Note: said to + O => told + O

2 Questions:

a Yes/ No_ questions:

Ex1: “ Did you see him?” she said to me

= > She asked me if / whether I had seen him.

asked + (O)

S + wanted to know

wondered + IF / WHETHER S + V

b Wh_ / How_questions:

Ex2: The stranger said, “ Where is Tra Vinh town school?” => The stranger asked where Tra Vinh town school

was

Ex3: The teacher sai, “ How old are you?”

=> The teacher asked me how old I was

asked + (O)

S + wanted to know

3 Comands/ requests ( câu mệnh lệnh/ yêu cầu).

a Infinitive ( động từ nguyên mẫu)

Ex1: “Please give this book to him tomorrow” I said to Lan

=> I told Lan to give that book to him the following day

Ex2: The teacher said “Nam, don’t put your leg on the chair.”

=> The teacher asked Nam not to put his leg on the chair

S + said + that + S + V

S + told + (O ) + that + S + V

told

asked

begged to V 0

warned

S + required + O +

requested

advised not to V 0

invited

ordered

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Ex3: “Can I help you?”

=> She offered to help me.

Ex4: “I can’t help you do the exercises”, he said

=> He refused to help me do the exercises

offered

S + promised + to V 0

refused

threatened

b.Gerunds: ( danh động từ)

Ex1: “Shall we cook dinner tonight?”she suggested.

=> She suggested cooking dinner that night.

suggested

S + admitted + (not) + V_ing

denied

Ex2: “ Sorry I’m late.” The student said to teacher.

=> The student apologized teacher for being late.

thanked + O + for

accused + O + of

congratulated + O + on

S + dreamed of + V_ing apologized + O + for

insisted on

complained about

 Note:

1 Invitations: ( lời mời)

- Would you like … / to V ?

- Do you like/ do you want to V ?

- You had better + V

- If I were you, I would

- Are you free to V

Ex1: " Do you want to go home with me?"

=> She invited me to go home

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2 Advice: ( lời khuyên)

- S + should + V

- S + had better + V

Ex2: “You had better come to see a doctor.”

=> She advised me to come to see a doctor

3 Suggestions.( đề nghị)

- Let's do

-Shall we… ?

-Do you feel like……?

-Why don't we ?

-Why don't you……?

-What/ How about ?

Ex3: “Let’s go swimming.”

=> He suggested going swimming.

 EXERCISE:

I Statements

Put the following sentences into Reported Speech

1 She said, "I went to the cinema

yesterday." _

2 He said, "I am writing a test

tomorrow." _

3 You said, "I will do this for him."

4 She said, "I am not hungry

now." _

5 They said, "We have never been here

before." _

6 They said, "We were in London last

week." _

7 He said, "I will have finished this paper by

tomorrow."

8 “I will apply for my visa tomorrow,” She

said. _

9 “ I worked for a bank in KG” He

said. _

10 She said, “ Jenny is leaving

now.” _

11 “ I was watching TV at 8.00 last night.” She said

_

12 “My mother died of cancer in 1985”, Tom said to

me

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13 “ I will come back tomorrow” he

said _

14 “ I spoke to her yesterday.” He

said,

15 She said to me, “ I like your

dress.’ _

16 “ I am here for a short holiday.” She

said

17 “ I am going to New York tomorrow.” She

said _

18 “ I had written the statement of purpose before.” Peter

said

19 John said, “ I have finished studying my

lesson.”

20 They said, “ we want to assist us

today.”

II Questions:

1 Wh-…/ H-… questions

Put the following sentences into Reported Speech

1 “What’s the weather like?” She asked

me

2 “How can I solve the problem?” I wanted to know

3 “ What did you think of the performance yesterday?” She asked me

4 "Where is my umbrella?" she

asked _

5 "How are you?" Martin asked

us

6 He asked, "Do I have to do

it?" _

7 "Where have you been?" the mother asked her

daughter. _

8 "What are they doing?" she

asked.

9 "Which dress do you like best?" she asked her

boyfriend.

10 "How do you know that?" she asked

me.

11 “ where did you go yesterday?” she asked

me

12 They asked, “ How can you repair this machine,

John?”

13 “ Why did the dog bark violently last night?”, John asked Peter

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14 He asked me, “ How long does it take to get to

London?” _

15 They asked, “ where is your

school?” _

16 He asked me, “ why did you come to class

yesterday?” _

17 He said to me, “ What time is

it?”

18 Peter said, “ How old are you

now?” _

19 The police asked him, “ Where were you last

month?” _

20 “ when did you come here?” she asked

me.

2 Yes – no questions:

Put the following sentences into Reported Speech

1 “Is your school near here?”, she said

2 Tom asked his friend: “ Do you go to school by

bus?”

3 I asked Mary: “ Can you use a

computer?” _

4 Mr Ba said: “ Does your father live

here?” _

5 “ Have you ever seen a tiger?”, Ha asked

me. _

6 “ Are you learning your lessons?”, the girl asked her brother.

7 “ Did he live with his grandfather?”, she asked me

.

8 “ Will you visit Dalat?”, she

said.

9 “ Have you learnt French for 6 years?”, she asked me . _

10 “ Did you come to the treather?”, she

said. _

11 “Will Ted and Alice be at the party?” She asked us

12 “Did you study hard for the exam?” She asked

_

13 He asked me, “Do you like these

trousers?”

14 Marry aske me, “ will you go to schoolnext

week?”

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15 “ Have you seen this film before?” he asked

me _

16 “ Did you phone me yesterday?” Tom asked

Marry

17 “ Did you pass the exam, John?” The teacher

asked. _

18 He said to me, “ Do you understand it

now?” _

19 “ Are you hungry now?” she said to

me _

III Commands:

Put the following sentences into Reported Speech

1 John said to me: “ Bring me a

book.”

2 Mary said to him :“ Give me your

book.” _

3 The boys said to his mother :“ Close the door for

me.”

4 He said to her: “ Come to dinner with

me.”

5 The workers said : “Cook it in

butter.”

6 The man said to me: “ Pull as hard as you

can.”

7 My father said: “ Do your homework,

dear.”

8 They said to us: “ Wait there until we

come.”

9 “ Don’t enter this area.” The police

ordered.

10 Mai said: “ Wash these

dishes”

12 John said to me: “ Don’t open your

book.” _

13 Mary said to him :“ Don’t play

games.” _

14 His mother said to him:“ Don’t leave your hat on my

bed.”

15 The man said : “Don’t make him

angry.” _

16 The workers said : “Don’t touch this

one.”

17 The man said to me: “ Don’t make noise

here.” _

18 Mai said: “ Don’t use my

car” _

19 “ Don’t be a baby.”, Nam said to

her. _

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20 "Don't be late," he advised

us _

21 "Don't be angry with me," he

said. _

22 “Leave me alone," she

said. _

23 "Don't drink and drive," she warned

us. _

24 "Meet me at the cinema." he

said.

25 The doctor said to me, “You should lose weight.”

The doctor advised me

26 Mary said, “Let’s go to a movie.”

Mary suggested

27 “I didn’t break the windows”, Bill said

Bill denied

_

28 “You told a lie, Tom”, she said

She accused Tom

29 “I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening, Jack”, said Mary Mary apologized

for

30 Joe said, “Please come to my party.”

Joe

invited _

31 “Are you the new manager, Daisy? Congratulations!” said Billy

Bill congratulated

_

32 “Please give me some more money, Mum,” Daisy said

Daisy insisted her mother

_

CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWERS

1 “ Don’t be late again!” she said.

A She promised me not to be late again B She said me not to be late agai

C She asked me not to be late again D She agreed not to be late again

2 “ Remember to lock the door!” my mother said.

A My mother reminded me remembering to lock the door

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B My mother reminded me to remember to lock the door.

C My mother reminded me locking the door

D My mother reminded me to lock the door

3 “ If I were you, I would help him,” he said.

him

B He advised me to help him D He promised to help him

4 “ Let me open the door for you, “ she said to me.

A She offered to open the door for me B She offered to open the door for you

C She invited to open the door for me D She invited to open the door for you

5 She said “I’m sorry I didn’t reply to the letter.”

A She apologized for didn’t reply to the letter

B She apologized for not to reply to the letter

C She apologized for not to replying to the letter

D She apologized for not replying to the letter

6 “ I bought these books last week”.

A He said he bought these books last week

B He said he had bought these books last week

C He said he had bought these books the week before

D He said he bought these books the week before

7 “ Did they tell you when they left?” she said to me.

A She asked me if they told me when they left

B She asked me if they told me when they had left

C She asked me if they had told me when they left

D She asked me if they had told me when they had left

8 Rosa asked Jose, "Have you been studying English very long?"

A Rosa asked Jose when do you study English

B Rosa asked Jose if he had studied English

C Rosa asked Jose if he had been studying English very long

D Rosa asked Jose if he was studying English very long

9 The teacher said, "Study chapters 1-4 for the final test!"

A The teacher told us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test

B The teacher asked us if we studied chapters 1-4 for the final test

C The teacher said us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test

D The teacher asked to us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test

10 “Whose composition haven’t we heard yet?”

The teacher asked us to tell her

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