REPORTED SPEECH - Trong cõu trực tiếp thụng tin đi từ người thứ nhất đến thẳng người thứ hai người thứ nhất núi trực tiếp với người thứ hai.. Ex1: He said "I bought a new motorbike for m
Trang 1REPORTED SPEECH
- Trong cõu trực tiếp thụng tin đi từ người thứ nhất đến thẳng người thứ hai (người thứ nhất núi trực tiếp với người thứ hai)
Ex1: He said "I bought a new motorbike for myself yesterday"
thỡ QKĐ đại từ trạng từ
- Trong cõu giỏn tiếp thụng tin đi từ người thứ nhất qua người thứ hai
đến với người thứ ba Khi đú cõu cú biến đổi về mặt ngữ phỏp
=> He said he had bought a new motorbike for himself the day
before.
thỡ QKHT
Để biến đổi một cõu trực tiếp sang cõu giỏn tiếp cần:
1 Đổi thỡ trong cõu trực tiếp, tất cả cỏc cõu trực tiếp đổi qua
cõu giỏn tiếp đều lựi về một thỡ.
2 Đổi Chủ từ và đại từ trong cõu trực tiếp.
3 Đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn trong cõu trực tiếp.
Changes in tenses ( Đổi thỡ)
Direct ( cõu trực tiếp) Indirect( cõu giỏn tiếp)
1 HTĐ
2 HTTD
3 HTHT
4 HTHTTD
5 QKĐ
6 QKHT
7 TLĐ
( will/ shall + V0 )
Can/ may
Must
ought to/ should
could/ would/ might
used to/ had better
- QKĐ
- QKTD
- QKHT
- QKHTTD
- QKHT
- QKHT
- Tương lai trong quỏ khứ
( would / should + V0 )
- could/ might
- had to
- khụng đổi
- khụng đổi
- khụng đổi
Note: - Cỏc trường hợp khụng thay đổi về thỡ khi chuyển sang cõu giỏn tiếp.
1 Động từ ở mệnh đề chính ở các thì hiện tại và tơng lai đơn.
Ex1: The farmer says: " I hope it will rain "
=> The farmer says he hopes it will rain
2 Câu điều kiện loại 2 và loại 3:
Ex2: He said," If I were you, I would marry her."
Trang 2=> He said if he were me, he would marry her.
3 Lêi nãi trùc tiÕp diÔn t¶ mét ch©n lý.
Ex3: My teacher said, " The sun rises in the East"
My teacher said that the sun rises in the East.
Change of Pronoun ( Đổi đại từ)
Direct ( câu trực tiếp) Indirect( câu gián tiếp)
Ngôi thứ nhất:
- I
- Me
- My
- Myself
- We
- Us
- Our
- ourself
Ngôi thứ 2
- you
- your
Ngôi thứ 3
- he, him, his,
- she, her, it(s),
- they, them, their
o He /she
o Him / her
o His / her
o Himself / herself
o They
o Them
o Their
o Themselves
o Me / I
o My
- không đổi
Note: Nhất => chủ, Nhị => túc, tam => nguyên
Change of adverbs ( Đổi trạng từ)
Direct ( câu trực tiếp) Indirect( câu gián tiếp)
1 today/ tonight
2 yesterday
3 tonight
4 tomorrow
5 this moth
6 last month
7 next month
8 here
9 now
10 ago
11 this
12 these
1 that day/ that night
2 the day before/ the previous day
3 that night
4 the following day/ the next day
5 that month
6 the moth before / the previous month
7 the month after / the following month
8 there
9 then
10 before
11 that
12 those
Trang 3A Kinds of reported speech:
1 Statements: ( câu phát biểu)
Ex1: They said to us, “These are snakes.”
=> They told us (that) those were snakes
Ex2: “I came at 8 o’clock,” he said
=> He said (that) he had come at 8 o’clock
Note: said to + O => told + O
2 Questions:
a Yes/ No_ questions:
Ex1: “ Did you see him?” she said to me
= > She asked me if / whether I had seen him.
asked + (O)
S + wanted to know
wondered + IF / WHETHER S + V
b Wh_ / How_questions:
Ex2: The stranger said, “ Where is Tra Vinh town school?” => The stranger asked where Tra Vinh town school
was
Ex3: The teacher sai, “ How old are you?”
=> The teacher asked me how old I was
asked + (O)
S + wanted to know
3 Comands/ requests ( câu mệnh lệnh/ yêu cầu).
a Infinitive ( động từ nguyên mẫu)
Ex1: “Please give this book to him tomorrow” I said to Lan
=> I told Lan to give that book to him the following day
Ex2: The teacher said “Nam, don’t put your leg on the chair.”
=> The teacher asked Nam not to put his leg on the chair
S + said + that + S + V
S + told + (O ) + that + S + V
told
asked
begged to V 0
warned
S + required + O +
requested
advised not to V 0
invited
ordered
Trang 4
Ex3: “Can I help you?”
=> She offered to help me.
Ex4: “I can’t help you do the exercises”, he said
=> He refused to help me do the exercises
offered
S + promised + to V 0
refused
threatened
b.Gerunds: ( danh động từ)
Ex1: “Shall we cook dinner tonight?”she suggested.
=> She suggested cooking dinner that night.
suggested
S + admitted + (not) + V_ing
denied
Ex2: “ Sorry I’m late.” The student said to teacher.
=> The student apologized teacher for being late.
thanked + O + for
accused + O + of
congratulated + O + on
S + dreamed of + V_ing apologized + O + for
insisted on
complained about
Note:
1 Invitations: ( lời mời)
- Would you like … / to V ?
- Do you like/ do you want to V ?
- You had better + V
- If I were you, I would
- Are you free to V
Ex1: " Do you want to go home with me?"
=> She invited me to go home
Trang 52 Advice: ( lời khuyên)
- S + should + V
- S + had better + V
Ex2: “You had better come to see a doctor.”
=> She advised me to come to see a doctor
3 Suggestions.( đề nghị)
- Let's do
-Shall we… ?
-Do you feel like……?
-Why don't we ?
-Why don't you……?
-What/ How about ?
Ex3: “Let’s go swimming.”
=> He suggested going swimming.
EXERCISE:
I Statements
Put the following sentences into Reported Speech
1 She said, "I went to the cinema
yesterday." _
2 He said, "I am writing a test
tomorrow." _
3 You said, "I will do this for him."
4 She said, "I am not hungry
now." _
5 They said, "We have never been here
before." _
6 They said, "We were in London last
week." _
7 He said, "I will have finished this paper by
tomorrow."
8 “I will apply for my visa tomorrow,” She
said. _
9 “ I worked for a bank in KG” He
said. _
10 She said, “ Jenny is leaving
now.” _
11 “ I was watching TV at 8.00 last night.” She said
_
12 “My mother died of cancer in 1985”, Tom said to
me
Trang 613 “ I will come back tomorrow” he
said _
14 “ I spoke to her yesterday.” He
said,
15 She said to me, “ I like your
dress.’ _
16 “ I am here for a short holiday.” She
said
17 “ I am going to New York tomorrow.” She
said _
18 “ I had written the statement of purpose before.” Peter
said
19 John said, “ I have finished studying my
lesson.”
20 They said, “ we want to assist us
today.”
II Questions:
1 Wh-…/ H-… questions
Put the following sentences into Reported Speech
1 “What’s the weather like?” She asked
me
2 “How can I solve the problem?” I wanted to know
3 “ What did you think of the performance yesterday?” She asked me
4 "Where is my umbrella?" she
asked _
5 "How are you?" Martin asked
us
6 He asked, "Do I have to do
it?" _
7 "Where have you been?" the mother asked her
daughter. _
8 "What are they doing?" she
asked.
9 "Which dress do you like best?" she asked her
boyfriend.
10 "How do you know that?" she asked
me.
11 “ where did you go yesterday?” she asked
me
12 They asked, “ How can you repair this machine,
John?”
13 “ Why did the dog bark violently last night?”, John asked Peter
Trang 714 He asked me, “ How long does it take to get to
London?” _
15 They asked, “ where is your
school?” _
16 He asked me, “ why did you come to class
yesterday?” _
17 He said to me, “ What time is
it?”
18 Peter said, “ How old are you
now?” _
19 The police asked him, “ Where were you last
month?” _
20 “ when did you come here?” she asked
me.
2 Yes – no questions:
Put the following sentences into Reported Speech
1 “Is your school near here?”, she said
2 Tom asked his friend: “ Do you go to school by
bus?”
3 I asked Mary: “ Can you use a
computer?” _
4 Mr Ba said: “ Does your father live
here?” _
5 “ Have you ever seen a tiger?”, Ha asked
me. _
6 “ Are you learning your lessons?”, the girl asked her brother.
7 “ Did he live with his grandfather?”, she asked me
.
8 “ Will you visit Dalat?”, she
said.
9 “ Have you learnt French for 6 years?”, she asked me . _
10 “ Did you come to the treather?”, she
said. _
11 “Will Ted and Alice be at the party?” She asked us
12 “Did you study hard for the exam?” She asked
_
13 He asked me, “Do you like these
trousers?”
14 Marry aske me, “ will you go to schoolnext
week?”
Trang 815 “ Have you seen this film before?” he asked
me _
16 “ Did you phone me yesterday?” Tom asked
Marry
17 “ Did you pass the exam, John?” The teacher
asked. _
18 He said to me, “ Do you understand it
now?” _
19 “ Are you hungry now?” she said to
me _
III Commands:
Put the following sentences into Reported Speech
1 John said to me: “ Bring me a
book.”
2 Mary said to him :“ Give me your
book.” _
3 The boys said to his mother :“ Close the door for
me.”
4 He said to her: “ Come to dinner with
me.”
5 The workers said : “Cook it in
butter.”
6 The man said to me: “ Pull as hard as you
can.”
7 My father said: “ Do your homework,
dear.”
8 They said to us: “ Wait there until we
come.”
9 “ Don’t enter this area.” The police
ordered.
10 Mai said: “ Wash these
dishes”
12 John said to me: “ Don’t open your
book.” _
13 Mary said to him :“ Don’t play
games.” _
14 His mother said to him:“ Don’t leave your hat on my
bed.”
15 The man said : “Don’t make him
angry.” _
16 The workers said : “Don’t touch this
one.”
17 The man said to me: “ Don’t make noise
here.” _
18 Mai said: “ Don’t use my
car” _
19 “ Don’t be a baby.”, Nam said to
her. _
Trang 920 "Don't be late," he advised
us _
21 "Don't be angry with me," he
said. _
22 “Leave me alone," she
said. _
23 "Don't drink and drive," she warned
us. _
24 "Meet me at the cinema." he
said.
25 The doctor said to me, “You should lose weight.”
The doctor advised me
26 Mary said, “Let’s go to a movie.”
Mary suggested
27 “I didn’t break the windows”, Bill said
Bill denied
_
28 “You told a lie, Tom”, she said
She accused Tom
29 “I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening, Jack”, said Mary Mary apologized
for
30 Joe said, “Please come to my party.”
Joe
invited _
31 “Are you the new manager, Daisy? Congratulations!” said Billy
Bill congratulated
_
32 “Please give me some more money, Mum,” Daisy said
Daisy insisted her mother
_
CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWERS
1 “ Don’t be late again!” she said.
A She promised me not to be late again B She said me not to be late agai
C She asked me not to be late again D She agreed not to be late again
2 “ Remember to lock the door!” my mother said.
A My mother reminded me remembering to lock the door
Trang 10B My mother reminded me to remember to lock the door.
C My mother reminded me locking the door
D My mother reminded me to lock the door
3 “ If I were you, I would help him,” he said.
him
B He advised me to help him D He promised to help him
4 “ Let me open the door for you, “ she said to me.
A She offered to open the door for me B She offered to open the door for you
C She invited to open the door for me D She invited to open the door for you
5 She said “I’m sorry I didn’t reply to the letter.”
A She apologized for didn’t reply to the letter
B She apologized for not to reply to the letter
C She apologized for not to replying to the letter
D She apologized for not replying to the letter
6 “ I bought these books last week”.
A He said he bought these books last week
B He said he had bought these books last week
C He said he had bought these books the week before
D He said he bought these books the week before
7 “ Did they tell you when they left?” she said to me.
A She asked me if they told me when they left
B She asked me if they told me when they had left
C She asked me if they had told me when they left
D She asked me if they had told me when they had left
8 Rosa asked Jose, "Have you been studying English very long?"
A Rosa asked Jose when do you study English
B Rosa asked Jose if he had studied English
C Rosa asked Jose if he had been studying English very long
D Rosa asked Jose if he was studying English very long
9 The teacher said, "Study chapters 1-4 for the final test!"
A The teacher told us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test
B The teacher asked us if we studied chapters 1-4 for the final test
C The teacher said us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test
D The teacher asked to us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test
10 “Whose composition haven’t we heard yet?”
The teacher asked us to tell her