Lighting master plans provide the mechanism for creating such primary concepts for public areas. City marketing, with light as a design aspect in the master plan, has the goal of strengthening existing potential and accentuating specific features such as historic thoroughfares, bridges, artistic objects or public squares. It is not however vital to have prominent buildings or monuments, in order to create a pleasant atmosphere during the evening hours with targeted lighting. With a consistent light architecture, each community can provide an attractive setting for its focus point, filling it with life even outside normal business hours.
licht.wissen 16 City Marketing with Light 2 licht.wissen 16 City Marketing with Light 01 3 Towns and communities are in continuous competition with each other as commercial centres, places to live and go shopping, some of them as travel and tourist desti- nations. City marketing has proved to be an important tool in the fight to achieve a competitive edge. One-off actions are not effective. It is only the cumulative effect of many measures that improves the image of a community. Residents must be able to identify with where they live. And with this as the background, the appearance by night assumes ever more significance. City marketing with light offers the unique opportunity to cre- ate effects that are just not possible during the daytime and to enhance the attrac- tiveness of public areas. The fact that people are drawn to light, is truer today than it has ever been. It is however important that all parties involved define joint goals and follow these ac- cording to a plan. The town or city council is not the only stakeholder. Everyone who stands to benefit from an attractive looking town should be involved. This includes hotels, restaurants, retailing or even housing associations. Fixed floodlighting of public buildings, lighting up the frontages of hotels or commercial property frontages, adding light-accents to shopping malls or the illumination of public areas are just some ex- amples. These can be added to by temporary events such as shopping and cultural evenings with special lighting effects or at advent time through spectacular Christmas illuminations. In such cases, the local authorities play a particular role. They are not just there to handle the economics but they also have to manage the events, to coordi- nate all those involved and all the activities into one seamless whole. It is completely legitimate to call on outside help for such events, but these tasks can usually be com- pleted successfully using the existing, competent workforce. Urban design with light doesn't have to fail because local authorities may be strapped for cash. Rather, it is important to integrate the ideas of all interest groups into a ho- listic concept. In this way, everybody contributes to each activity, in order to achieve the overall goal. Also the ongoing operation of lighting equipment these days, doesn't present those involved with insurmountable difficulties any more. Particularly in the case of accent lighting, both light planning and component development are mak- ing great advances. Targeted installations, designed to operate at close range to the buildings that use only longlife and energy-efficient light sources, significantly reduce the operating and maintenance costs. City marketing with light accentuates the beauty of each locality, strengthens its identity and creates a positive image so that public space can take on its own personality. This increases the feel-good-factor for both residents and visitors and is shown to influence companies who may be looking to relocate. A professional and well-thought-out lighting solution built around innovative components and successful planning adds considerable value, as it reduces the strain on financial budgets over many years. Frank Bodenhaupt Ludwigshafen City Council Editorial [Title page] Different lighting colours combine to create a harmonious appearance. [01] Schwäbisch Hall's market square, with extraordinary mood lighting. 4 licht.wissen 16 City Marketing with Light Detailed specialist information about relevant topics. Energy efficiency and ErP Page 12 Light immissions, CO 2 and the environment Page 20 Lighting special: City marketing Page 06 Lighting Master Plan Münster Page 08 Lighting Master Plans Bamberg, Bocholt Page14 5 Contents Telemanagement and control Page 26 Lighting Master Plan Bremen Page 22 Lighting planning basics Page 28 LED - Technology of the future Page 34 Publications Page 38 Imprint Page 39 Light sources Page 36 Luminaires Page 32 6 licht.wissen 16 City Marketing with Light 03 04 02 7 City marketing Towns and communities are permanently in competition with each other in terms of attracting businesses relocations and retaining purchasing power. When comparing one with another, aspects such as attractiveness, quality of life, security and image play a significant role. One way to make a difference is city marketing, which has established itself as a successful tool both to improve the competitiveness of the communities and to promote urban development. Here, corresponding lighting is an effective component in the mix, which is particularly suited for establishing a location's profile. A lighting concept designed to promote an image shouldn't however be restricted just to the illumination of historical buildings or churches or to the creation of powerful colour effects, as is the case in many towns. Rather, a holistic approach should be adopted that combines all the light archi- tecture measures, resulting in a harmonious design of the town centre or urban quarter. This integrated way of looking at things cre- ates conditions for energy-efficient lighting solutions, which also allows existing lighting infrastructures to be included. Lighting master plans provide the mecha- nism for creating such primary concepts for public areas. City marketing, with light as a design aspect in the master plan, has the goal of strengthening existing potential and accentuating specific features such as his- toric thoroughfares, bridges, artistic objects or public squares. It is not however vital to [02] The peaceful, restrained lighting of the square contrasts with the lively presen- tation of the fountain, to create a harmoni- ous ambience. [03] With their differently aligned secondary optics, the projector-reflector lighting system create bright accents in the darkness. Dur- ing the day however, they integrate harmoni- ously into the architecture of the square. [04] The recessed ground luminaires integrate subtly into the architecture but the light that it creates, draws your gaze down the wonderful arcade passage. [05] Light accentuates the contours of the bridge and removes the solidness from it in the darkness. 05 Versatile opportunities through city marketing with light ▪ Increases a community's competitiveness ▪ Gives profile to towns and communities ▪ Provides impulses for urban development ▪ Communicates a positive image ▪ Emphasises a town's character ▪ Improves the quality of a location for industry, commerce and service providers ▪ Promotes the retention of purchasing power and tourism ▪ Upgrades and adds life to town centres ▪ Increases attractiveness, quality of life and security for residents and visitors have prominent buildings or monuments, in order to create a pleasant atmosphere dur- ing the evening hours with targeted lighting. With a consistent light architecture, each community can provide an attractive setting for its focus point, filling it with life even outside normal business hours. Lighting effects shouldn't fail just because funds are limited. It makes complete sense to embark on smaller projects, which should however form part of a complete concept and be designed in such a way that they can be extended at a later date. Financing can be established in part or in full through sponsorship. Public Private Partnerships (PPP) have proved to be very successful in practice. As well as planning lighting to cover the whole area, short-term activities, so-called Light Events, also support city marketing. These "audience magnets" don't just estab- lish an enduring, positive image of towns and communities but they often generate supraregional media reports. 8 licht.wissen 16 City Marketing with Light Lighting Master Plan - Münster The lighting concept for Münster's old town was designed to add quality to the urban landscape. The holistic approach at an urban planning level also provides a solid framework for action for property owners, constructors and investors. Alongside ecology and energy efficiency, proportionality, transferability and the qual- ity of the overall picture are the most im- portant criteria when it comes to creating a plan for urban development. Light is an integral component of the design concept for urban planning. With classic, European locations, the im- age of the town and the level of its accept- ance, are influenced by the impression it creates from three distances: ▪ The panorama with its perception from a distance presents a silhouette or a cityscape. ▪ The entrance or boundary of the town clarify the situation from nearer. ▪ Town centre and the central squares define the image from close up. The entrances to towns are positioned topographically between the peripheries and the centre, between near-distance and close up. They have the dual character of an area to stay in and an area to pass through, an opening and access, being at the same time a sort of "shared space" between the demands of providing traffic flows and those of creating an image of the town. As a "gate" or "sill" to the centre of the town they have an effect in both directions, when heading into or out of town. Routes, often acting as chan- nels, don't always end before reaching the centre but penetrate into the town. Designed consistently, using a systematic language of light made up of colour, distribution and power rating, it is easier to understand the structure of the town plan with its axial, major and radial routes. The paired alignment of street and path lighting feeds out from the character of the portal, particularly in the areas without architectural diversity. Portal and access points upstream from the centre of the town, generate a feeling of moving through different quarters and correspond [06] The Prinizipalmarkt - historic gabled houses with an arched arcade surround the elongated, closed square. The use of a consistent language of light underlines its function as Münster's "Front parlour". [07] The lighting concept created for Mün- ster by Michael Batz, Hamburg's lighting planner, points up the structure of the town plan with its axial, major and radial routes. 06 with features that cause a reduction of pace such as pedestrian areas or speed-restricted zones. There is in part an enormous increase in urban density, which is creating higher demands for visual separation and structure. Competing luminaire systems and differ- ent mounting heights that create scattered light should be kept to a minimum, as these remove conciseness and the potential to cre- ate a composite urban landscape. 9 Weg Radweg Weg Weg Radweg Weg Promenade Weg Promenade Weg Weg Promenade Weg Radweg Weg Weg Radweg Radweg Promenade Radweg Radweg Weg Weg T e i c h Radweg Radweg Weg T e i c h Weg Fuflweg Weg Weg Radweg Radweg Weg Radweg Promenade Weg T e i c h Promenade Radweg Radweg Weg Radweg Weg Humborgweg T e i c h Weg Pro menade Radweg Weg Radweg Jesuitengang Weg Weg Weg Aapromenade Weg Promenade T e i c h T e i c h Weg Aa-Promenade Radweg Weg Radweg Weg Radweg Radweg Weg Radweg Radweg Radweg Radweg Radweg Promenade Radweg Radweg Fritz-Greis-Weg Radweg Fritz-Greis-Weg Modersohnweg Radweg Radweg Promenade Promenade Promenade Radweg Radweg Modersohnweg Promenade Weg Weg Levin - Sch¸cking - Allee K a s t e l l g r a b e n Weg T e i c h Weg S c h l o s s g r a b e n Weg S c h l o s s g r a b e n Weg T e i c h Levin - 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S t i f t u n g J o h a n n e s - K a p e l l e P f a r r a m t K i r c h e B i s c h ˆ f l i c h e s P a l a i s ( P h i l o s o p h i s c h e F a k u l t ‰ t ) A e g i d i i - L u d g e r i - S c h u l e N e u a p o s t o l i s c h e A n n e t t e - v o n - D r o s t e - H ¸ l s h o f f - G y m n a s i u m -I -I K a t h . - T h e o l o g i s c h e - F a k u l t ‰ t F ¸ r s t e n b e r g h a u s G e o l o g i s c h e s I n s t i t u t B u d d e n t u r m P r i e s t e r s e m i n a r I P e t r i - K i r c h e -I U n i v e r s i t ‰ t s b i b l i o t h e k 45 F i n a n z a m t M ¸ n s t e r - I n n e n s t a d t ‹ b e r w a s s e r S c h u l e U n i v e r s i t ‰ t s - B i b l i o t h e k -I R e c h t s - u n d S t a a t s w i s s e n s c h a f t l i c h e F a k u l t ‰ t P a u l - G e r h a r d t - S c h u l e H a n d w e r k s k a m m e r v o m - S t e i n - S c h u l e G y m n a s i u m P a u l i n u m Z i s t e r n e I T a n k s t e l l e T u c k e s b u r g L e i c h e n h a l l e H ¸ f f e r s t i f t u n g I n s t i t u t f ¸ r G e o g r a p h i e M e n s a L 843 Freiherr-vom-Stein-Platz Friedrichstrafle Tunnel Weg Goldstrafle Bohlweg Wemhoffstrafle Tunnel Eisenbahnstrafle Tunnel K 8 F¸rstenbergstrafle Servatiiplatz Aakamp H ˆ r s t e r p l a t z K 8 F¸rstenbergstrafle (Mauritztor) L 843 Mauritzstrafle Bahnhofstrafle K 8 Gartenstrafle H ˆ r s t e r t o r Hˆrstertor Sonnenstrafle Sonnenstrafle Urbanstrafle Berliner Platz Sonnenstrafle Winkelstrafle Achtermannstrafle Arztkarrengasse Weg Promenade Wevelinghofergasse Gartenstrafle Steingasse Hˆrsterstrafle Salzstrafle L 793 Von-Vincke-Strafle Windthorststrafle Achtermannstrafle Lotharingerstrafle Servatiikirchplatz Ritterstrafle Korduanenstrafle Ringoldsgasse Weg Weg Asche Alter Steinweg Maria - Euthymia - Platz L 843 B¸lt Alfred- Flechtheim- Platz Loergasse Klosterstrafle Herwarthstrafle Zeppelinstrafle Stiftsherrenstrafle Wasserstrafle Clemenskirche An der Hˆrsterstrafle Julius-Voos-Gasse L 793 Engelenschanze Engelstrafle L 843 B¸lt Kirchherrngasse Alter Steinweg Promenade Neubr¸ckenstrafle Martinikirchhof Martinistrafle Bolandsgasse Salzstrafle Loerstrafle Klosterstrafle Neubr¸ckentor Alter Fischmarkt Heinrich-Br¸ning-Strafle A a Syndikatplatz Windthorststrafle Brockhoffstrafle L 843 Voflgasse Alter Fischmarkt Lambertikirchplatz Klemensstrafle Stubengasse Coerdestrafle L 793 Schorlemerstrafle Neubr¸ckenstrafle Syndikatgasse Platz des Westf‰lischen Friedens Klosterstrafle Drubbel Klarissengasse Klarissengasse Verspoel Roggenmarkt Prinzipalmarkt Gruetgasse L 843 An der Apostelkirche Harsewinkelgasse Michaelisplatz Domgasse Ludgeristrafle Beelertstiege Breul Tibusplatz Ludgeristrafle Bogenstrafle Ludgeristrafle A a Tibusstrafle Bergstrafle Horsteberg Horsteberg Rothenburg Hˆtteweg Marievengasse Ludgeristrafle Tibusstrafle Kˆnigsstrafle Kˆnigsstrafle B 54 Ludgeriplatz Rudolf-von-Langen-Strafle Weg Wegeserde Geisbergweg L 843 Bergstrafle Domplatz Spiekerhof Krumme Strafle Krumme Strafle Sch¸tzenstrafle L¸tke Gasse Gr¸ne Gasse Hals Am Kanonengraben Magdalenenstrafle A a Aegidiikirchplatz Breite Gasse Von-Kluck-Strafle A a Spiegelturm Pferdegasse Pferdegasse Rothenburg Rudolf-von-Langen-Strafle Aegidiistrafle Aegidiikirchplatz Wehrstrafle Am Kreuztor L 843 Bergstrafle Schlaunstrafle Rosenstrafle ‹berwasserkirchplatz Johannisstrafle Aegidiimarkt Breite Gasse Gr¸ne Gasse Jungfer - Willemin - Stiege Buddenstrafle Am Kreuztor Schafgasse Johannisstrafle Sch¸tzenstrafle K a n o n e n g r a b e n B 54 Moltkestrafle Kleimannstarfle Katthagen A a Kreuzstrafle Rosenplatz Marks-Haindorf-Stiege Kreuzstrafle Frauenstrafle Bispinghof A a Wallgasse Am Kanonengraben Aegidiistrafle Hollenbeckerstrafle L 843 M¸nzstrafle Hollenbeckerstrafle Heerdestrafle Weg M¸hlenstrafle Weg Kuhstrafle J¸defelderstrafle Universit‰tsstrafle Aegidiitor Wankelgasse B 54/B 219 Am Stadtgraben Kleimannstrafle ‹berwasserstrafle Krummer Timpen Frauenstrafle Krummer Timpen Universit‰tsstrafle Georgskommende J¸defelderstrafle B‰ckergasse Heerdestrafle Adenauerallee Bismarkallee B 54/B 219 Hindenburgplatz Wilmergasse B 54/B 219 Am Stadtgraben A a Lazarettstrafle B 54/B219 Hindenburgplatz B 54/B 219 Hindenburgplatz B 54/B 219 Am Stadtgraben Gerichtsstrafle Weg A a Adenauerallee Schulstrafle Schlossplatz Gerichtsstrafle Lazarettstrafle Badestrafle A a B 54 Neutor A a B 54 Steinfurter Strafle Kastellstrafle Himmelreichallee L 843 Wilhelmstrafle Grevener Strafle Himmelreichallee H¸fferstrafle Annette - Allee Landoisstrafle L 843 Einsteinstrafle Landoisstrafle Wilhelmstrafle Edith-Stein-Strafle Edith - Stein - Strafle Einsteinstrafle L 843 H¸fferstrafle Annette - Allee Am Schlossgarten Robert - Koch - Srafle Fˆrsterstrafle Fˆrsterstrafle H¸fferstrafle Vesaliusweg Am Schlossgarten Hittorfstrafle Beleuchtungskonzept Innenstadt Stadt Münster Gebäude und Fassaden Bodenstrahler (Arkaden) Einzelne Bäume Baumgruppen Uferleuchten Wegeleuchten (Promenade) Plätze Ve rkehrsportale Brücken und Überwege Brunnen Sonderflächen Denkmäler etc. Michael Batz Szenographie Licht Hamburg Fischers Allee 59i 22763 Hamburg 040-436714 Projekt Nummer: 365 Plan Nummer: 01 23.07.2004 B u d d e n t u r m N D N D N D G r ¸ n a n l a g e N D G r ¸ n a n l a g e N D G r ¸ n a n l a g e Kastellstrafle Stadtmauer N D M a r i e n p l a t z N D D D D N D N N D Access to the town: Streets and paths Tunnel lighting [08]: The tunnel lighting is oriented to the adaptability of the eye. The entrance calls for a higher light- ing level that gradually sinks to the lower tunnel lighting level as you proceed further in. Before exiting the tunnel, the luminance is increased again. The basis for this scenario are the light strips installed on both sides that are correspond- ingly dimmed through the light control mechanism. Glare limitation and equality of light distribution are important criteria in guaranteeing the safety of the vehicle occupants. Traffic routes, traffic-calmed residential streets, footpaths and cycle tracks, squares [09,10]: Not every location has to have the same level of illumination. Different usages place different demands on the illumination solution. The mounting height, light colour, light control, etc. must be adapted to the corresponding visibility requirements. Brightness, equality of light distribution and glare limitation, as well as optical guidance, are of relevance when it comes to providing good road lighting that promotes safety and reduces the incidence of accidents. The brighter the street, the better the driver can recognise possible obstacles. Safety is increased in a street with uniform lighting, with a minimum of shadowed and dark zones. Glare makes the safe perception and recognition of other road users more difficult. Also, drivers should be made aware, as early as possible, of changes of direction, through optical identification methods. Very wide-form light distribution provides especially uniform illumination for cycle tracks and footpaths. In this case, unlike in parks and green areas, the lighting is not just for the safety of the users of the paths, but also serves increasingly to add to the urban design. Luminaires identify paths, make their condition easier to recognise and facilitate orientation. Illumina- tion off to the side of the paths, for instance in trees and bushes, sets attractive light accents, creates ambiences and increases the overall appeal of the environment. 07 09 08 10 10 licht.wissen 16 City Marketing with Light 11 11 [...]... account Here, it is principally a question of minimising light pollution by avoiding scattered light, the deployment of energyefficient and environmentally sound lamps and the selection of light colours that don't impact negatively on nocturnal insects or animals 26 27 17 licht. wissen 16 City Marketing with Light 28 29 31 18 30 Bocholt plays with light The goal of urban development measures in Bocholt... sculptures or monuments 19 licht. wissen 16 City Marketing with Light Lighting special: Light immissions, CO2 and the environment "Who has stolen the Milky Way?" Too much light outdoors doesn't just result in high energy consumption It also impacts on the environment This can mean, for example, that you can no longer see the stars in the night sky Lighting solutions that use efficient light sources, high-efficiency... artists who create them Coloured or white light both have an equal role to play Such light objects decorate buildings or they can stand alone as an "eye catcher" 41 25 licht. wissen 16 City Marketing with Light Lighting special: Telemanagement and control Energy efficiency is the hot topic that runs through all areas of lighting applications, including of course exterior lighting Intelligent telemanagement... first so-called "master" luminaire that is equipped with a twilight sensor, controls all the other "slave" luminaires that it is networked with The deployed technology can switch luminaires on and off and dim them, gather consumption data and transfer this to a central computer 43 27 licht. wissen 16 City Marketing with Light Lighting planning basics Lighting is no longer just used by local authorities... identified 34 22 [37] The arcade arches are flooded with warm-white light from wide-angle uplights 35 34 35 36 37 23 licht. wissen 16 City Marketing with Light [38] The Bremen Town Musicians stand near the town hall, at the entrance to the Schoppensteel They are particularly important as a tourist attraction and call for a special staging One spotlight mounted on the town hall facade illuminates the... through the dormer windows, in order to accentuate the fine details Lighting effects and colours can only be used temporarily with landmarks, if at all A particularly spectacular example of this are the 20,000 flashlights on the Eiffel Tower in Paris, that only sparkle at the top of each hour 12 11 licht. wissen 16 City Marketing with Light Lighting special: Energy efficiency and ErP Looking to the future... in protecting the environment and in saving energy This also adds to the positive image of a community [13] With the aim of energy efficiency, the motorway bridge was equipped with LED lights as an architectural design element 13 13 licht. wissen 16 City Marketing with Light Bamberg and Bocholt lighting master plans In Central Europe, because in part of changes in leisure time activities and a Mediterranean... paths of the city centre They also create an attractive urban landscape 29 licht. wissen 16 City Marketing with Light Media to support the planning effort Today, through the use of light calculation software and professional computer visualisation, the details of the different versions of lighting concepts can be illustrated exactly, almost in photographic quality These tools help the lighting planner... But only the combination of illumination from a distance and close to the building that leads to the dynamic effects of light and shade 53 15 31 licht. wissen 16 City Marketing with Light Lighting special: Luminaires The lighting effects that can be achieved are as versatile as the light sources and luminaires that are available for use outdoors Wide-angled, accentuating, neutral or in colour: targeted... planners [58] Coloured lines of LED light provide contrasting accents to the otherwise, understated illumination of the architecture 58 35 licht. wissen 16 City Marketing with Light 1 1 12 seite t Heft15 e lhaft 08, Tex ie beisp S hEFT U oto A F 2 2 4 3 5 3 6 4 13 12 7 6 11 5 16 12 14 13 8 15 17 9 10 7 71 8 Double-end mountings Tubular shape with quartz technology Tubular shape with ceramic technology 4 5 6