Relative clauses Mệnh đề quan hệ A.Revision I/ Đại từ quan hệ: Who: ngời mà thay cho ngời là chủ ngữ hoặc có thể tân ngữ Whom: Ngời màThay cho ngời là tân ngữ Whose: Thay cho tính từ sở
Trang 1Relative clauses (Mệnh đề quan hệ ) A.Revision
I/ Đại từ quan hệ:
Who: ngời mà( thay cho ngời là chủ ngữ hoặc có thể tân ngữ)
Whom: Ngời mà(Thay cho ngời là tân ngữ)
Whose: Thay cho tính từ sở hữu.
Which: Cái mà ( Thay cho vật )…
That: ( thay cho cả ngời và vật)
Where: Thay cho từ chỉ nơi trốn
II/Những trờng hợp dùng hoặc không dùng “That”
1.Tr ờng hợp không dùng “That”
Chúng ta không dùng “that” trong mệnh đề không xác định( mệnh đề có dấu phẩy)
1.Tr ờng hợp chỉ dùng “That ” không dùng “who ” hoặc which“ ”
+ Sau một tính từ so sánh dạng tuyệt đối(so sánh nhất)
Ví dụ: This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.
+ Sau all/any/some/every/only/it is/…
Ví dụ: Living in the city is something that many people dream of.
All people that I have met dislike Minh.
+Khi thay thế hoặc từ đứng trớc bao gồm cả ngời lẫn vật
Ví dụ : Computer and good workers that he needs all
Vật ngời
* Relative pronouns “that” coự theồ thay theỏ cho “whom ,which” vaứ duứng “that” khi thửụứng danh tửứ ủoự ủửựng sau all ,every ,only ,the first ,the best vaứ sau everybody / one ,nobody ,those
EX 1 : All the apples are eaten by the pigs They fall
=>
EX2 : Everyone liked him They knew him
=>
III Mệnh đề quan hệ
1 Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định:
Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định giới thiệu một mệnh đề tính ngữ không có nhiệm vụ xác
định rõ danh từ hoặc đại từ mà nó hợp với vì danh từ đó tự nó đã xác định rồi.Mệnh đề quan
hệ tính ngữ này chỉ có giá trị thêm ý
Ví dụ : My brother Nam wants to speak to you.You saw him yesterday
=> My brother Nam ,whomyou saw yesterday ,wants to speak to you
My brother Nam ở câu 1 và him ở câu 2 có quan hệ với nhau
Him là tân ngữ và là ngời nên dùng đại từ quan hệ whom để thay thế
2.Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định:
Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định giới thiệu một mệnh đề tính ngữ có nhiệm vụ xác định rõ danh từ hoặc đại từ mà nó hợp với vì danh từ đó tự nó đã xác định rồi.Mệnh đề quan hệ tính ngữ này cần thiết vì nếu không có nó ngời ta sẽ không thể xác định rõ danh từ hoặc đại từ đó chỉ ai/cái gì
Ví dụ: The man refused to give me his name.He told me this story
ở mệnh đề 1 ngời ta cha biết The man là ai cả nên cần mệnh đề 2 xác định rõ nên mệnh đề 2
đợc gọi là mệnh đề quan hệ xác định
Đợc viết lại nh sau:
The man who told me this story refused to give me his name.
B.exercises
Ex 1 Combine the following sentences : using relative pronouns
1 Have you seen the dress I’ve just bought it
Trang 22 The man didn’t come back again Ishouted at him
3 They’re the people Their shop burned down last week
4 Is this the person ? He stole your handbag
5 That is the only woman : He wants to meet her
6 What’s the name of the man ? you borrowed his book
7 It was the worst film I’ve never seen it
8 I know the young woman Her mother writes detective stories
9 Please ,tell us about the film You saw the film last
10 The letter is full of interesting news Ireceived week it tow days ago
11 The man is an architect We talked to him last night
12 The woman was wearing a gree hat I was sitting behind her
13 He works in a factory It makes bicycles
14 Is that the girl ?Her son won the derby last week
15 The building is the town hall.you can see it in front of you
16 The book was too expensive Iwanted to buy it
17 He married a girl called Jill He met her there
18 The girl jirl laughed Her dog bit me
19 My brother Jack plays the piano very beautifully He has just come back from Australia
20 English is the language It is spoken all over the world
Ex 2: Add the missing relatives
1 The boy is standing near the machine is Tom
2 The book has some wonderful pictures is about africa
3 Mother is the person _goes to market and prepares our meals
4 This is the teacher we saw
5 The boy you met him is my brother
6 The car _was crashedis my father’s
7 Tom’s brother lives in LonDon is an enfineer
8 The table is in the corner of the room is covered with green paper
9 The woman _is wearing the blue hat is my aunt
10 Show me the cup board you put the glan
11 The big chair _lives between the ward robe and the cup boar is an armchair
12 There is some body _wants you an the telephone
13 The person _I saw is not very clever
14 I come from a country _history yoes back thousands of years
15 The pro fessor carse Iam taking is excellent
16 There is the boy _father is my teacher
17 The magazine _you lent me is very interesting
18 The man you want to meet has just left
19 He is the first person discovered that
20 The lady was here yester day has gone to LonDon
21 The letter _we received today had no stamp on it
22 The man I gave the book to has died
23 This is the man we saw
24 It war the first time I speak to him
1 She is a girl ……… sits next to me in class
2 Hunger and poverty are worldwide problems to ………….solution must be found
3 People ………….fear flying avoids traveling by plane
4 That is the man ………….daughter won the first prize in the contest
5 I read about a man ……….keeps chicken in his apartment
6 We use the map ………my sister drew for us
7 That is a place ………the accident occurred
8 We couldn’t find the man ………… car was blocking our driveway
Trang 39 My father’s car,………….is very old, uses too much gasoline
10 The house ……… I was born and grew up was destroyed in an earthquake
2 The boys……… are playing in the garden are my cousins
3 He finally married the girl…… he loved
4 The flowers…….my friend gave me have withered
5 Mary is the girl…… bicycle was stolen yesterday
6 The vegetables…… Mr Green sells are not fresh
7 Is this the book….you lost?
8 The singer… you like best is Miss White
9 The street… leands to my school is very wide
10 Your friend, …… name I can’t remember, made a lot of noise
11 The rever from…….we get our water-supply is nearly empty
12 I met a woman ……who… can speak six languages.
13 What’s the name of the man ……… lives next door?
14 What’s the name of the river ……… goes through the town?
15 Everybody ……… went to the party enjoyed it very much
16 Do you know anybody ……… want to buy a car?
17 Where is the picture ……… was on the wall?
18 She always asks me questions ……… are difficult to answer
19 I have a friend ……… is very good at repairing cars
20 A coffee-maker is a machine ……… makes coffee
21 Why does he always wear clothes ……… are too small for him?
22 Did you see the man …… WHO …… stole her bag?
23 The eggs ……… you’ve bought are bad
24 Please give me the keys ……… are on the table
25 Is that man ……… we saw in the park yesterday?
26 What’s the name of the lady ……… babysits for you?
27 Tom is playing with the dog ……… lives next door
28 Have you eaten all the cakes ……… I made yesterday?
29 How old is the man ……… owns this shop?
30 Let’s all look at the picture ……… is on page 7
31 Has Peter returned the money ……… he borrowed from you?
32 What colour is the dress ……… you’re going to wear tonight?
33 The police have arrested the man ……… murdered his wife
34 The parcel ……… is on the table is your birthday present
35 Have you met the man ……… Jackie is going to marry?
36 We will ask the man ……… delivers our milk to leave an extra bottle
37 Is she the person ……… gave you this record?
38 We spent our holiday in a small town ……… is near the sea
39 The man ……… married Kate is a millionaire
40 Where are the shoes ……… I bought this morning?
41 I still write to that lady ……… I met twenty years ago
Ex 3: Combine “ who’’ or “ which’’
1 I thanked the woman She helped me
2 The girl is happy She won the race
3 The book is mine The book is on the table
4 The mechanic is my uncle He is repairing my bike
5 The students explained their absence to the teacher They didn’t come to class yesterday
6 The river is not safe for swimming The river is polluted
7 Tom got into the car The car was parked behind the house
Trang 48 Mark liked people They aren’t too serious
9 The school boy is my friend He fell asleep in his class
10.The girl is MissVan She is carrying the red umbrell
Ex 4:whom or which:
1 That is the book I bought it yesterday
2 Is this the man? You’ve waiting for them
3 The film will be shown on T.V next Sunday They have just finished it
4 Who is the woman?.We met her here last year
5 The children were playing soccer I saw them at the park
6 The meeting was interesting I went to it
7 The man was very kind I talked to him yesterday
8 The book was good I read it yesterday
9 The office is on the 22nd floor I work in that office
10.Try to read the book I gave it to you yesterday
11.The man didn’t go to work yesterday You wanted to meet him
12.He lent me some magerzines He liked them best
13.Do you know the boy? He borrowed that book
14.There’s the boy He broke the windows
14.You should meet the man I’ll send this to him
15.Where’s the book? You’ve just borrowed it
16.They invited us to the house They bought it last month
17.That’s the boy She likes him very much
8.I was given this address by the man I met him on the bus
19.This is the first thing I want to tell you about it
Ex 5: whose:
1 The author is an American You are reading his book
2 The girl feels happy Her father has just won the first prize
3 We will tell you about the boy.You met his parents yesterday
4 Do you know the woman? Her daughter has won the contest
5 I like the house It’s walls were made of the glass
6 I read about the child His life was saved by her dog
7 The boy is a friend of mine You are using his dictionary
Ex 6:Join the sentences use the relative clause.
1 I gave him the book I bought that book in a bookshop in Singapore
………
2 That is a place The festival occurred there
………
3 The children are very happy Their team won the match
………
4 The secretary can give you the information She sits at the front desk on the right
………
5 I don’t like stories The stories have unhappy ending
………
6 He like Mexico City He worked there last year
………
7 I met a lot of people at the party I can’t remember their names
………
8 The girl was injured in the accident She is now in the hospital
………
9 What was the name of the man? He lent you money
………
10 Binh is studying English and French He has never been abroad
Trang 5Ex 7: Join two sentences, using relative clauses.
1 Alice is my friend Alice’s mother died last year
2.The boy will be punished He threw that stone
3 Ann is very friendly She lives next door
4.The man is a famous actor You met him at the party last night
5.There are some words They are very difficult to translate
6.I was looking for a book this morning I’ve found it now
7.Is that the car? You want to buy it
8.Sandra works in advertising You were talking to her
9.The little girl ate sweets the whole way She sat next to me on the coach
10.Lan is a journalist Her tape recorder was stolen
11.I don’t know the name of the woman I spoke to her on the phone
12 We often go to visit our friends in Bristol It’s only 30 miles away
13 This is Mr Carter I was telling you about him
14 That is the room The meeting is held in that room
15 I’ll always remember the day I first saw that sight on that day
16.She was born in Malaysia Rubber trees grow well there
17.No one knows the school My uncle taught at that school 10 years ago
18 Please ask them the time The train stared the trip at that time
19 New Year’s Day is a day All family members gather and enjoy a family dinner then
20 There are many hotels Tourists can enjoy their holidays there
21.India is a country.The earthquake occured in this country last month
22 Bac giang is a city I was born and grew up there
23 We have not decided the day We’ll go to London on that day
24 The man made me sad the most I love him with all my heart
25.The thief was caught This was a really good news
26 The gentleman was very young He was introduced as the most successful businessman
27 His book became the best seller.It was punished last year
28 Neil Armstrong lived in the USA He walked on the moon
29 Nam is very intelligent He learns in our class
30 Ha Long has grown into a big city over the past few years I visited the city last year
Ex 8 Make one sentence from two Use WHO / THAT / WHICH :
1 A girl is now in hospital She was injured in the accident
A girl who was injured in the accident is now in hospital………
2 A man told me you were away He answered the phone
………
Trang 63 A waitress was very impolite and impatient She served us.
………
4 A building was destroyed in the fire It has now been rebuilt
………
5 A bus goes to the airport It runs every half hour
………
6 I saw the man He closed the door
………
7 The girl is happy She won the race
………
8 The student is from China He sits next to me
………
9 We are studying sentences They contain adjective clauses
………
10 The taxi driver was friendly He took me to the airport
………
11 The woman was polite She answered the phone
………
12 The man has a good voice He sang at the concert
………
13 We enjoyed the actors They played the leading roles
………
14 The girl is hurt She fell down the stairs
………
15 The student is in my class He is walking with Ann
………
16 The police caught the thief He stole the money
………
17 Is the river very large? It flows through that town
………
18 There is a new house in our neighborhood It has a swimming pool
………
19 The man is at the bus stop He fixed our refrigerator
………
20 Who are those students? They are talking to Mrs Hinton
………
21 This is the package It came in the mail today
………
22 I like the songs They tell about life in the country
………
Ex 9: Join these sentences using suitable RELATIVE PRONOUNS:
1 We have a neighbour His dog barks a lot
………
2 I don’t know most of the people You invited them for the party
………
3 My cousin is a journalist Her job is interesting
………
4 That’s the parcel It came in the mail
………
5 Do you know the man? I asked him the address
Trang 76 The boy is the travel agent He is checking the tickets
………
7 The gardener’s wife has just had her third baby She has been married for six years
………
8 The horse came in last You were telling me about it
………
9 I can’t remember the town I was born there
………
10 I apologized to the woman I spilt her coffee
………
11 Did you mail the letters? They were on my table
………
12 The man teaches at the university You met his daughter last night
………
13 We’re studying science It helps us to find out a lot about the world around us
………
14 The man was very rich He left a big tip for the waiter
………
15 The subject interested everyone You wrote about it last week
………
16 Mrs Fox belongs to an organization It assista hospitals
………
17 You should go to Dr Anderson He’ll give you a common exam
………
18 We met a girl Her name was unusual
………
19 The story can’t possibly be true He told it to us
………
20 Did you buy the dress? It was very smart and expensive
………
21 That’s the dog It can understand everything
………
22 My friend invited a lot of visitors His house is very large
………
23 The bus was very crowded I took it this morning
………
24 My girlfriend is very beautiful Her eyes are green
………
25 Bring me the books I forgot them on my table
………
Ex 10: Complete the sentences:
1 I watched a football match which ………
2 My friends whom ……… brought me nice presents
3 Did you pass the exam which
……… ?
4 Students who ……… must study harder
5 The postman whose ……… is at the door
Trang 86 That’s the girl whose
………
7 Jim helped the old lady who
………
8 The police asked some questions to the boy who
………
9 I have a new camera which
………
10 A parrot is a bird that
………
11 The children whom ……… were arguing with each other
12 Prof Moore who ……… will be our guest
13 The soup which ……… was very salty
14 A kangaroo is an animal which
………
15 Is that the same boy who
……… ?
16 The present which ……… was very interesting
17 I need someone who
………
18 The actor whom ……… was very famous
Ex 11: Combine the sentences using RELATIVE PRONOUNS:
1 Bob bought the car from a man The man was the owner of the gallery
………
2 The teacher asked me a question It was taken from a story book
………
3 Have you employed the man? I recommend him to you last week
………
4 The book was very interesting I borrowed it from the library yesterday
………
5 The girls are my classmates We saw them at the cinema
………
6 Alex took the gun out of his pocket He saw the robbers running down the street
………
7 The students missed the quiz They came to class late
………
8 The flowers are still fresh I picked them up this morning
………
9 There was a garden here It was full of green trees Now there are only two trees (Relative Clause / Used to)
………
10 They played basketball at home They broke the vase It was very valuable
(While / Relative Clause)
………
11 Gerry works for a company It makes typewriter
Trang 912 This is Mrs Green Her daughter got married to a drummer
………
13 That man is an artist I forgot his name
………
Ex 12: Join the sentences using WHO, WHEN, WHERE, WHICH or WHOSE:
1 She’s the girl She works in the library
………
2 Corfu is an island It has many beautiful beaches
………
3 Here’s the alarm clock I bought it yesterday
………
4 I’ve spoken to John His house was burgled last Monday
………
5 That’s the lady Her jewellery was stolen
………
6 That is the radio I won it in the competition
………
7 John is the man His house was destroyed by the fire
………
8 There is the hospital I was born there
………
9 That was the summer I met my wife then
………
10 That is Fiona Webb She is a famous dancer
………
11 France is the country The best wine is produced there
………
12 1945 was the year The Second World War ended then
………
13 That’s the hotel I stayed there last summer
………
14 August is the month Most people go on holiday then
………
Ex 13: Combine the following sentences using WHERE or WHEN:
1 Here is the shop I bought my new camera form this shop
………
2 We will spend our holiday in the same village We have had a lot of joyful days there
so
far
………
3 We enjoyed Marmaris We spent our summer holiday there this year
………
4 The library is quite far from the city center I go and work there twice a month
………
5 I’ll never forget the day I met my wife on this day
………
6 I’m looking forward to the Fifteenth of next month I’ll get married then
Trang 10……… .
7 Do you know the restaurant? We will meet you there tomorrow
………
8 John visited me last Friday A few other friends also called me up last Friday
………
9 Last week I went to see the country town I used to live in that town
………
10 Abant is a beautiful place There are many lakes there
……… Nối các cặp câu sau đây dùng cặp từ quan hệ When, Where
Ex 14: Combine the sentences using the adjective clause (raletive adverbs)
1 The building is very old He lives in that building
1 I’ll never forget the day I met you on that day
3.The city was beautiful We spent our vacation in that city
4.Monday is the day We will come on that day
5.That is the restaurant I will meet you at that restaurant
6.The town is small I grew up in that town
7.1960 is the year The revolution took place in that year
8.July is the month The weather is usually hot in that month
9.Viet Nam is the country It export the rice
10.Viet Nam is the country We were born there
1 That’s the room The meeting is help in that room
2 I’ll always remember the day I first saw that sight on that day
3 She was born in Malaysia Rubber trees grow well there
4 No one knows the school My uncle taught at that school 10 years ago
5 Please ask them the time The train started the trip at that time
6 New Year’s Day is a day All family members gather and enjoy a family dinner then
7 There are many hotels Tourists can enjoy their holidays there
8 We’ll take you to Dalat You can enjoy pure air there
9 You can’t enjoy hiking in winter Snow covers everything in winter
10 The field is very fertile They plant potatoes in the field
Ex 15: /when/ where or why:
1 Da nang is a city I was born and grew up there
2 The room is very nice I’m living in that room
3 December is a month It is the coldest in the USA in this month
4 The days were the saddest ones I lived far from home on those days
5 Do you know the hotel? Jonh is staying in that hotel
6 The day is so boring to me We don’t meet each other on that day
7 You didn’t come to my party Tell me the reason
8 I don’t know the reason She left the school for it