cấu trúc câu trong tiếng anh THPT

Nguyen danh cuong THCS le van thinh Các cấu trúc và cụm từ thông dụng trong Tiếng Anh phổ thông 1. S + V+ too + adj/adv + (for someone) + to do something (quá (ai đó) không thể làm gì ) E.g.1. This exercise is too difficult for them to do. E.g.2: He ran too fast for me to follow. 2. S + V + so + adj/ adv + that +S + V (quá đến nỗi mà ), e.g.1: This box is so heavy that I cannot take it. E.g2: He speaks so soft that we can’t hear anything. 3. S + be + such + (a/an) +Adj N (s) + that + S +V (quá đến nỗi mà ). e.g.1: It is such a heavy box that I cannot take it. E.g.2: They are such interesting books that I cannot ignore them at all. NOTE : so + adj còn such + N 4. S + be/V + adj/ adv + enough + (for someone) + to do something. (Đủ cho ai đó làm gì ). e.g.1: She is old enough to get married. E.g.2: He runs quickly enough to follow them. ( NOTE : S + V + enough + N (s) for sb/ sth to do… E.g: She has enough money to spend./ It’s enough time for us to do this exercise.) 5. A, Have/ get + something + done (V pII ) (mình không tự làm mà nhờ ai hoặc thuê ai làm gì ). e.g.1: I had my hair cut yesterday. E.g.2: I’d like to have my shoes repaired. ( tương đương với cấu trúc trên: WANT/ WOULD LIKE sth P II ( nhưng không thông dụng) E.g: I want my car washed. B, have/ make sb do sth = get sb to do sth : sai ai, khiến ai, bảo ai làm gì. ( NOTE: “ to make” Khi dùng bị động TO BE MADE TO DO …) Eg: They make the children study so much → The children are made to study so much.) 6. It‘s time + S + V(simple past) / It’s time +for someone +to do something (đã đến lúc ai đó phải làm gì ), e.g.1: It is time you had a shower. E.g.2: It’s time for me to ask all of you for this question. 7. How long does/ did it take sb to do …? Hỏi ai làm 1 việc gì mất bao nhiêu thời gian It + takes/took+ someone + time + to do something (làm gì mất bao nhiêu thời gian ). e.g.1: How long does it take them to get to school? - It takes them 5 minutes to get to school. e.g.2: How long did it take him to do this exercise yesterday? - It took him 10 minutes to do it. 8. To prevent/stop + someone/something + From + V-ing (ngăn cản ai/cái gì không làm gì ). e.g.1: They stop/ prevent me from playing that game. 9. S + find+ it+ adj to do something (thấy để làm gì ). e.g.1: I find it very difficult to learn about English. E.g.2: They found it easy to overcome that problem. 10.A. To prefer + Noun / V-ing + to + Noun / V-ing. (Thích cái gì/làm gì hơn cái gì). e.g.1: I prefer dogs to cats. E.g.2: I prefer reading books to watching TV. B. would prefer to do sth rather than ( do) sth else. (Thích làm gì hơn làm gì). E.g: I’d prefer to stay at home tonight rather than go out. 11.Would rather + V inf + than + (V inf ) (thích làm gì hơn làm gì). e.g.1: She would rather play games than read books. E.g.2: I’d rather learn English than learn Biology. 12.To be/get Used to + V-ing (quen làm gì), e.g.1: I am used to eating with chopsticks. 13.Used to + V (inf) (Thường làm gì trong qk và bây giờ không làm nữa), e.g.1: I used to go fishing with my friend when I was young. E.g.2: She used to smoke 10 cigarettes a day. Nguyen danh cuong THCS le van thinh 14. to be amazed at = to be surprised at + N/V-ing: ngạc nhiên về 15. to be angry at + N/V-ing: tức giận về 16. to be good at/ bad at + N/ V-ing: giỏi về / kém về 17. by chance = by accident (adv): tình cờ 18. to be/get tired of + N/V-ing: mệt mỏi về 19. can’t stand/ help/ bear/ resist + V-ing: không nhịn được làm gì 20. to be keen on/ to be fond of + N/V-ing : thích làm gì đó 21. to be interested in + N/V-ing: quan tâm đến 22. to waste + time/ money + V-ing: tốn tiền hoặc tg làm gì 23. To spend + amount of time/ money + V-ing: dành bao nhiêu thời gian làm gì 24. To spend + amount of time/ money + on + something: dành thời gian vào việc gì , e.g.1: I spend 2 hours reading books a day. E.g.2: She spent all of her money on clothes. 25. to give up + V-ing/ N: từ bỏ làm gì/ cái gì 26. would like/ want/wish + to do something: thích làm gì 27. have + (something) to + Verb: có cái gì đó để làm E.g: I have some letters to write. 28. It + be + something/ someone + that/ who: chính mà E.g: It’s the letter that I sent you. 29. Had better + V (inf) : nên làm gì (-) Had better not + V (inf) (?) Had + S + better V (inf) 30. It’s + adj (for sb) to + V-infinitive: gì để làm gì It’s difficult for me to learn English well 31. Take place = happen = occur: xảy ra 32. to be excited about: thích thú 33. to be bored with/ fed up with: chán cái gì/làm gì 34. There is + N-số ít, there are + N-số nhiều: có cái gì 35. go + V-ing: chỉ các trỏ tiêu khiển (go camping ) 36. leave someone alone: để ai yên 37. By + V-ing: bằng cách làm 38. want/ plan/ agree/ wish/ attempt/ decide/ demand/ expect/ mean/ offer/ prepare/ happen/ hesitate/ hope/ afford/ intend/ manage/ try/ learn/ pretend/ promise/ seem/ refuse + TO + V-infinitive, e.g.1: I decide to study English. 39. for a long time = for years = for ages: đã nhiều năm rồi (dùng trong thì hiện tại hoàn thành) 40. when + S + V(QkĐ), S + was/were + V-ing. 41. When + S + V(qkd), S + had + P II E.g: When I came there he had left. 42. Before + S + V(qkd), S + had + P II 43. After + S + had +P II , S + V(qkd) 44. to be crowded with: rất đông cài gì đó 45. to be full of: đầy cài gì đó 46. To be/ seem/ sound/ became/ feel/ appear/ look/ go/ turn/ grow +get adj (đây là các động từ tri giác có nghĩa là:có vẻ như/ là/ dường như/ trở nên sau chúng ta dùng adj chứ không dùng adv) 47. except for/ apart from: ngoài, trừ 48. as soon as: ngay sau khi 49. could hardly: hầu như không ( chú ý: hard ( chăm chỉ) khác hardly ( hầu như không) ) 50. Have difficulty + V-ing: gặp khó khăn làm gì Nguyen danh cuong THCS le van thinh 51. Chỳ ý phõn bit 2 loi tớnh t V-ed v V-ing: dựng -ed miờu t v ngi, -ing cho vt. v khi mun núi v bn cht ca c ngi v vt ta dựng ing, e.g.1: That film is boring. E.g.2: He is bored. 52. Put up with + V-ing: chu ng 53. Make use of + N/ V-ing: tn dng cỏi gỡ 54. Make progress: tin b 55. take over + N: m nhim cỏi gỡ 56. Bring about: mang li 57. At the end of : cui cỏi gỡ ú ( at the end of this month) v In the end = finally : kt cc, cui cựng 58. To find out : tỡm ra, To succeed in: thnh cụng trong 59. Go for a walk: i do/ go on holiday/picnic: i ngh 60. One of + so sỏnh hn nht + Ns: mt trong nhng 61. It is the first/ second /best + Time + thỡ hin ti hon thnh 62. Live in: sng / Live at + a ch c th/ Live on: sng nh vo 63. To be fined for: b pht v 69. from behind: t phớa sau 70. so that + mnh : E.g : I worked hard so that we could pass the exam. 71. In case + mnh : trong trng hp 72. can/ could/ may might/ will/ would/ shall/ should/ must/ ought to (modal Verbs) + Vinf Some Gerunds and Infinitives 1. V + V-ing 2. V + to V 3. V + O + V 4. V + O + to V Appreciate: ỏnh giỏ Admit : tha nhn Avoid : trỏnh Cant help : khụng nhn c Cant stand : khụng chu c Cant bear khụng chu c Consider xem xột Deny : t chi Dislike / enjoy/ finish Feel like: thõy muụn lam viờc gi Give up : t b Imagine : tng tng Keep (on) : tip tc Look forward to : mong ch cỏi gỡ Mention : ờ cõp n Object to: phn i Practise : luyn tp Put off: hoan lai Risk : liu lnh Suggest : gi ý Be/get used to: quen vi Be worth : ỏng Hate: ghột, cm thự Postpone/ delay : trỡ hoón Mind: lu tõm, ý Fancy/ Imagine:thớch, tng tng Afford: cố gắng Appear: có vẻ Arrange: sắp xếp Decide: quyết định Fail: thất bại Forget: quên Happen: bất ngờ Intend: định Learn: biết Manage: cố gắng Mean: muốn Offer: muốn Plan: dự định Prepare: chuẩn bị Promise: hứa Refuse: từ chối Seem: dờng nh Threaten: đe doạ Hope: hy vọng Expect: mong Hesitate: ngần ngại Agree: đồng ý Want/ wish: muốn Attempt: cố gắng Tend: định Make Let Have Hope Catch See Watch Feel Find Hear Overhear Observe Advise: khuyên Allow: cho phép Encourage: khuyến khích Force: bắt buộc Invite: mời Order: ra lệnh Persuade: thuyết phục Remind: nhắc nhở Teach: dạy Tell: bảo Warn: cảnh báo Show: chỉ bảo Command: yêu cầu Ask: yêu cầu Urge: bắt buộc Expect : mong i 1. She cant stand lớstening to that kind of music. 2. I afford to read this book 3. My teacher makes me do this exercise. 4. She advises him to see this film Nguyen danh cuong THCS le van thinh Some us eful structures + To be able to do st: co kha nang bam sinh lam gi + To be absent from : nghi, vang mat khoi + To be/get acquainted with st :quen voi cai gi + To be fond of doing st/ st : say me lam gi/cai gi + To be afraid of (doing) st : so dieu gi + To be aimed at st/sb :nham vao ai/ cai gi + To agree with sb : dong y voi ai + To be angry at/with : tuc gian ai/ cai gi + To be annoyed at/about st/sb: kho chiu ve ai/dieu gi + To be surprised at st : ngac nhien ve cai gi + To be frightened of st : hoang so cai gi + To be bored with doing st: chan nan lam viec gi + To be worried about st/sb: lo lang ve ai/cai gi + To be embarrassed by/st:nguong ngung ve dieu gi + To be interested in doing st/st: thu vi (lam) cai gi + To apologized to sb for st : xin loi ai ve dieu gi + To apply st in st/doing st ap dung cai gi vao cai gi/ lam dieu gi + apply for: nop don xin viec/ hoc + To approved of st= to agree with: tan thanh + To argue with sb about st: tranh luan voi ai ve + To arrange for sb to do st: sap xep ai lam viec gi + To ask sb for a lift : hoi ai di nho xe + To attract sb to do st : thu hut ai lam dieu gi + To avert from : ngoanh lai + To be aware of sb/st :biet,y thucve ai/cai gi + To bark at : sua(cho) + To bear on :co anh huong, co lien quan ve + To beg sb for st : xin ai cai gi + To beg sb to do st : xin ai lam cai gi + To believe in sb/st : tin vao ai/cai gi + To benefit from doing st/st : co loi tu lam cai gi + To boast about st : noi khoac ve cai gi + To borrow st from sb/ borrow sb st : muon cai gi cua ai + To cheer sb up : lam cho ai vui ve + To check in to/ investigate : dieu tra + To be clever with st : kheo leo ve cai gi + To be clever at doing st/st : gioi ve lam cai gi + To be close to sb/st : gan gui ai/cai gi + To compare with : so sanh voi + To complain to sb about st: phan nan voi ai ve … + To consider (doing) st : chu y, xem xet lam gi + To consist of st : bao gom cai gi + To contrast with st : tuong phan voi + To contrast st with st :so sanh cai gi voi cai gi + To pay sb money for st: tra ai bao nhieu tien ve + To be cruel to sb >< kind to sb : doc ac voi ai + To deal with=solve : giai quyet + To depend on st/sb : le thuoc ve ai/cai gi + To die at the age of : chet o do tuoi + To differ from sb : bat dong voi ai + To direct sb to do st : chi dan ai lam gi + To do one’s best to do st : co gang lam cai gi + To do st by mistake : lam cai gi sai + To dream of/about st/sb : mo ve ai/cai gi + To distinguish from : phan biet khac nhau + To do teaching practice: di thuc tap su pham + To do militry drills : di tap quan su + To be late/early for : muon/ som + To encourage sb to do st: khuyen khich ai lam + To be engaged to sb : dinh hon voi ai + To escape from/escape to :tron khoi/tron den Style Những cách diễn đạt một câu văn có thể là: 1. Dùng tính từ thay cho danh từ EX: They show no interest in the picture They are not interested in the picture. 2. Dùng động từ thay cho danh từ Ex; We had a look at the picture We look at the picture. 3. Dùng thể bị động của V thay cho thể chủ động và ngợc lại. Ex; He has finished his home work His home work has been finished by hfim 4. Dùng phó từ thay cho tính từ va ngợc lại Ex; He can type well He is a good typist. Mot so tu duoc su dung duoi dang V va N look at think about know about agree contact sb exchange argue with sb disagree complain about land receive st need love sb brush st arrange with sb tend to intend to V desire to visit sb discuss st talk to explain st call sb be interested in drink photograph welcome sb kiss sb laugh at ring sb warn try to V meet sb rest sleep bath examine have a look at give thought to have knowledge of be in agreement have contact with sb have an exchange of have an argument with be in disagreement have a complaint about make a landing be in receipt of st have a need of fall in love with sb give st a brush have an arrangement with sb have a tendency to have an intention of Ving have a desire to pay a visit to sb have a dicussion about have a talk with give an explaination for give sb a call have interest in have a drink have a photograph of give sb a welcome give sb a kiss give a laugh at give sb a ring give warning make an effort to have a meeting with have a rest have a sleep have a bath have an examination. nhin nghi ve hieu biet ve dong y lien lac trao doi tranh luan voi khong dong y voi phan nan ve ha canh nhan can yeu ai chai hen ai co khuynh huong du dinh uoc ao tham thao luan noi chuyen giai thich goi ai thich quan tam uong chup anh don tiep hon cuoi goi dien cho ai canh bao co gang lam gap go nghi, giai lao ngu tam kham, kiem tra. 5 Một số mẫu câu thường gặp 1. Cấu trúc câu mang nghĩa bao hàm – Đó là lối nói gộp hai ý trong câu làm một thông qua một số các cụm từ. Hai thành phần trong câu phải tương đương nhau về mặt từ loại: danh từ với danh từ, tính từ với tính từ, 1.1. Not only but also (không những mà còn ) S + verb + not only + noun/adj/adv + but also + noun/adj/adv Hoặc: S + not only verb + but also + verb Robert is not only talented but also handsome. He writes not only correctly but also neatly. She can play not only the guitar but also the violin. She not only plays the piano but also composes music. Thành phần sau 'but also' thường quyết định thành phần sau 'not only'. Incorrect: He is not only famous in Italy but also in Switzerland. Correct: He is famous not only in Italy but also in Switzerland. 1.2. As well as (vừa vừa ) – Cũng giống như cấu trúc trên, các thành phần đằng trước và đằng sau cụm từ này phải tương đương với nhau. S + verb + noun/adj/adv + as well as + noun/adj/adv Hoặc: S + verb + as well as + verb Ví dụ: Robert is talented as well as handsome. He writes correctly as well as neatly. She plays the guitar as well as the violin. Paul plays the piano as well as composes music. Chú ý: Không được nhầm thành ngữ này với as well as của hiện tượng đồng chủ ngữ mang nghĩa cùng với. The teacher, as well as her students, is going to the concert. My cousins, as well as Tim, have a test tomorrow. 1.3. Both and (vừa vừa) – Công thức dùng giống hệt như not only but also. Both chỉ được dùng với and, không được dùng với as well as. Robert is both talented and handsome. Paul both plays the piano and composes music. 2. Một số cấu trúc câu cầu khiến 2.1. To have sb do sth = to get sb to do sth = khiến ai, bảo ai làm gì I’ll have Peter fix my car. I’ll get Peter to fix my car. 2.2. To have/to get sth done = làm một việc gì bằng cách thuê người khác I have my hair cut. (Tôi đi cắt tóc - chứ không phải tôi tự cắt) I have my car washed. (Tôi mang xe đi rửa ngoài dịch vụ - không phải tự rửa) Theo khuynh hướng này động từ to want và would like cũng có thể dùng với mẫu câu như vậy: To want/ would like Sth done. (ít dùng) I want/ would like my car washed. 2.3. To make sb do sth = to force sb to do sth = Bắt buộc ai phải làm gì The bank robbers made the manager give them all the money. The bank robbers forced the manager to give them all the money. Đằng sau tân ngữ của “make” có thể dùng 1 tính từ: To make sb/sth + adj 6 Wearing flowers made her more beautiful. Chemical treatment will make this wood more durable 2.4. To make sb + P2 = làm cho ai bị làm sao Working all night on Friday made me tired on Saturday. 2.5. To cause sth + P2 = làm cho cái gì bị làm sao The big thunder storm caused many waterfront houses damaged. 2.6. To let sb do sth = to permit/allow sb to do sth = để cho ai, cho phép ai làm gì I let me go. At first, she doesn’t allow me to kiss her but 3. Lối nói phụ họa 3.1. Phụ họa câu khẳng định – Khi muốn nói một người hoặc vật nào đó làm một việc gì đó và một người, vật khác cũng làm một việc như vậy, người ta dùng so hoặc too. Để tránh phải lặp lại các từ của câu trước (mệnh đề chính), người ta dùng liên từ and và thêm một câu đơn giản (mệnh đề phụ) có sử dụng so hoặc too. Ý nghĩa của hai từ này có nghĩa là “cũng thế”. John went to the mountains on his vacation, and we did too. John went to the mountains on his vacation, and so did we. I will be in Vietnam in May, and they will too. I will be in Vietnam in May, and so will they. He has seen her play, and the girls have too. He has seen her play, and so have the girls. We are going to the movie tonight, and he is too. We are going to the movie tonight, and so is he. She will wear a custom to the party, and we will too. She will wear a custom to the party, and so will we. Picaso was a famous painter, and Rubens was too. Picaso was a famous painter, and so was Rubens. Tuỳ theo từ nào được dùng mà cấu trúc câu có sự thay đổi: – Khi trong mệnh đề chính có động từ be ở bất cứ thời nào thì trong mệnh đề phụ cũng dùng từ be ở thời đó. Affirmative statement (be) + and + S + verb + too Affirmative statement (be) + and + so + verb + S I am happy, and you are too. I am happy, and so are you. – Khi trong mệnh đề chính có một cụm trợ động từ + động từ], ví dụ will go, should do, has done, have written, must consider, thì các trợ động từ trong mệnh đề đó được dùng lại trong mệnh đề phụ. They will work in the lab tomorrow, and you will too. They will work in the lab tomorrow, and so will you. – Khi trong mệnh đề chính không phải là động từ be, cũng không có trợ động từ, bạn phải dùng các từ do, does, did làm trợ động từ thay thế. Thời và thể của trợ động từ này phải chia theo chủ ngữ của mệnh đề phụ. Affirmative statement + and + S + do/does/did + too Affirmative statement + and + so + do/does/did + S Jane goes to that school, and my sister does too. Jane goes to that school, and so does my sister. 3.2. Phụ hoạ câu phủ định – Cũng giống như too và so trong câu khẳng định, để phụ hoạ một câu phủ định, người ta dùng 'either' (cũng) hoặc 'neither' (cũng không). Ba quy tắc đối với trợ động từ, động từ be hoặc do, does, did cũng được áp dụng giống như trên. Ta cũng có thể gói gọn 3 quy tắc đó vào một công thức như sau: Negative statement + and + S + negative auxiliary (or be) + either Negative statement + and + neither + positive auxiliary (or be) + S I didn't see Mary this morning, and John didn't either I didn't see Mary this morning, and neither did John. 7 She won’t be going to the conference, and her friends won’t either. She won’t be going to the conference, and neither will her friends. John hasn’t seen the new movie yet, and I haven’t either. John hasn’t seen the new movie yet, and neither have I. 4. Các cấu trúc khác 4.1. Enough: đủ….để có thể làm gì • Đi với tính từ hoặc trạng từ, enough thường đứng sau: S + verb + adv + enough + (for somebody) + to + verb… S + tobe + adj + enough + (for somebody) + to + verb…. Ví dụ: Coffee is hot enough for me to drink This exercise is easy enough for us to do. This motorbike drives fast enough to Ha Dong. • Đi với danh từ, enough thường đứng trước: S + verb + enough + noun (for somebody) + to verb… S + verb + enough + for something Ví dụ: I have enough money to buy a car. They grow enough rice to live. It’s enough time for us to do the exercise. Have you got enough vegetable for dinner? Do you have enough sugar for the cake? 4.2. Too…: quá để có thể làm gì. Cấu trúc này điễn tả mức độ vượt quá khả năng để làm gì đó Cấu trúc: S + verb + too + adv + (for somebody) + to + verb …. S + tobe + too + adj + (for somebody) + to + verb… Ví dụ: The coffee is too hot for me to drink. He is too young to love. He spoke too quickly for us to understand. The bus drives too fast for us to keep pace with. 4.3. So/such….that….: đến nỗi mà • So ….that…. Cấu trúc: S + tobe + so + adj + that + a clause S + verb + so + adv + that + a clause Ví dụ: The exercise is so difficult that I can’t do it. The food is so hot that we can’t eat it. He spoke so quickly that I can’t hear him. The bus drives so fast that they can’t catch it. • Such…that… Cấu trúc: S/it + tobe + such + (a/an)+ adj + noun + that + a clause S/it + verb + such + (a/an) + adj + noun + that + a clause Ví dụ: It is such a difficult exercise that we can’t do it. We bought such a modern car that we couldn’t dream. Chú ý: nếu danh từ là không đếm được thì không dùng “a/an” This is such difficult homework that we can’t finish it. He invested such much money that we couldn’t imagine. 4.4. Adj + to verb 8 Cấu trúc: It + tobe + adj + for somebody + to verb…. Ví dụ: It’s necessary for us to protect environment. It’s difficult for him to pass the exam. 4.5. It’s + adj + of + object + to + verb…. Ví dụ: It’s kind of him to help me = He is kind to help me. (anh ta thật tốt bụng vì đã giúp đỡ tôi) It’s cowardly of him to run away= he is cowardly to run away. (anh ta thật hèn nhát vì đã bỏ chạy) 4.6. It takes/took + object + khoảng thời gian + to verb… . = somebody spend/spent + khoảng thời gian + V-ing…: mất bao lâu để ai đó làm việc gì. Ví dụ: It takes me 15 minutes to go to school by bike. = I spend 15 minutes going to school by bike. It took him a year to study English = He spent a year studying English. It took her 2 hours to type this document. = She spent 2 hours typing this document. 4.7. It’s + khoảng thời gian + since + clause (simple past): được bao lâu từ khi…… Ví dụ: It’s a week since I saw Nam It’s a year since they visited me. It’s ages since it rained here. 4.8. It’s the first time + clause (present perfect): đây là lần đầu tiên…. = …… before Ví dụ: It’s the first time I’ve ever visited this town. = I’ve never visited this town before. It’s the first time he has ever sent me a letter. = He has never sent me a letter before. It’s the first time she has ever arrived late. = She has never arrived late before. 4.9. It is/was not until + time + that + clause : mãi cho đến khi……… Ví dụ: It was not until 1990 that she became a teacher. (mãi đến năm 1990,cô ấy mới trở thành giáo viên) It was not until 1915 that the cinema really became an industry. (mãi đến năm 1915 điện ảnh mới thực sự trở thành một ngành công nghiệp) 9 Bài tập 1: Phụ họa với những câu dưới đây: Ví dụ: Nam likes fish. (I) –> Nam likes fish, so do I. 1. He came early, (she) 2. She knows you quite well, (her husband) 3. My friend lived in Hai Phong, (his sister) 4. These books don’t belong to me, (those) 5. I don’t believe it, (my friend) 6. I don’t like the hot weather, (my wife) 7. Trees don’t grow very well here, (grass) Bài tập 2: Kết hợp hai câu sau, sử dụng "too " or "enough ": 1. It was very dark. I couldn`t see the words. 2. It was early. I couldn`t tell you once more story. 3. Dick is very clever. He can learn this in a short time. 4. My mother is very old. She cannot do that work. 5. That house isn`t large. We can`t stay there for the night. 6. Daisy was very short. She couldn`t reach the picture. 7. Jack is very clever. He can do this work. 8. The little girl was so shy. She couldn`t tell me the story. 9. The driver was very hurried. He couldn`t wait for me. Bài tập 3: Viết lại các câu sau với từ cho sẵn sao cho nghĩa của câu không thay đổi. 1. It’s the first time they’ve ever bought me a present. –> They………………………………. 2. Peter isn’t tall enough to reach the bookself. –> Peter is…………………………………… 3. John worked very carefully . It took him a long time to finish his work. –> John worked so…………………………………………… 4. Thank you for helping me. –> It was very kind ………………… 5. Mrs Green told Alice to take the books home. –> Mrs Green had ……………………………. 6. You can’t understand those things because you are too young. –> You aren’t ……………………………………………… 7. This shirt is too dirty for me to wear. –> This shirt isn’t …………………………. 8. Boiling an egg is not difficult. –> It’s………………………… 9. We spent 5 hours getting to London. –> It took………………………………. 10. They last visited me five years ago. –> They haven’t …………………. 11. His briefcase was too full for the zip fastener to close properly. –> His briefcase was so full…………………………… 12. The last time I played football was in 1971. –> I haven’t……………………………………. 13. Their dog was so fierce that nobody would visit them. –> They had………………………………………… 14. The noise next door didn’t stop until after midnight. –> It was not……………………………………. Bài tập 4: Kết hợp câu dùng “not only…but also” hoặc “both….and” 1. He is interested in planting orchids. He is interested in collecting butterflies. (not only….but also…) 2. You can visit the West End in London. You can visit the East End in London. (both….and ) 3. You can attend the party. Your sister can attend the party. (both….and…) 4. She can sing beautifully. She can play the piano well. (not only….but also…) 5. I can drink coffee black. I can drink coffee with sugar. (both…and…) 6. She is good at maths. She is good at English. (not only ….but also….) 10 . tiep hon cuoi goi dien cho ai canh bao co gang lam gap go nghi, giai lao ngu tam kham, kiem tra. 5 Một số mẫu câu thường gặp 1. Cấu trúc câu mang nghĩa bao hàm – Đó là lối nói gộp hai ý trong câu làm một thông. Nguyen danh cuong THCS le van thinh Các cấu trúc và cụm từ thông dụng trong Tiếng Anh phổ thông 1. S + V+ too + adj/adv + (for someone) + to. and so was Rubens. Tuỳ theo từ nào được dùng mà cấu trúc câu có sự thay đổi: – Khi trong mệnh đề chính có động từ be ở bất cứ thời nào thì trong mệnh đề phụ cũng dùng từ be ở thời đó. Affirmative