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p 3

p 1 1 EIAm 1 p19

EXAfl 2

EIAM 3

Memories

Compound What's on adiectives the box?

Reading Use of English Speaking o Writing Relationships Friends

o

The origins

of English

Arthur Milter and All my sons

olnheritance

@

Describing

an event Review

o

Discussion

o

Phrasal verbs

o

Sporting oflgrn5

Listening Marriage in

t h e U K

Lotd ofthe Narrative

Love conquers all

A new direction

laques-Yves Cousteau Sweet dreams?

Photo comparison

Negotiation An artlcle Verb

patterns Protest

songs Iife

changes P27

o Reading Speaking War and peace

o Use of English Listedng

o Writing Family Fighting for tensions equality

Conditionals Discussion

Eltipsis

Adding empasis Modal verbs

Passive structures

Complex sentences

Dlscurslve essay

Presentation Article:

describing a Person

comparison

Presentation Letter of

complaint Stimulus-based Areport discussion

Tnvelling p57 about Fashlon

The travel Early migration

Time travel

Food of the future

Food or fuel?

Reading Use of English Listenlng

o Speaking writing Gossip In confidence The secret

agent

Youth culture

q m 4

P65 p77

Threats to our planet

HaPPY endings?

Listenlng

essay EXAN 5

p83

p 9 1 Reading o Use of English Speaking Writing

E X A M G H A L I E N G E A i l D C u M U t a f l v E R E v r E w s p 9 3 t u i l c r r o l { s BANK p1o2 WRrrrxc PHRASES BAI{K p104 WRrrrNG B A I K p 1 0 7 W o R D H s r p 1 1 1

1 find eight adiectives to describe feelings 1- 1 t:,).

Which of the words from exercise 1 describe how you might

3 You're trying to choose a dish from a menu, but there are so

many to choose from you don't know where to start

4 You get homework from four different teachers They att

7 You want to confront a classmate who you suspect of steating

money but need to be very careful how to go about it

-Complete the sentences with the words in the box and

match the beginnings of the sentences with their endings

Write the adiectives in the correct box to make themnegative

6 Complete the sentences with prefixes from A and words

I caw talk abouttnhertt ed charact ertJttu

Q Of tisten to Annie talking about similarities between

herselfand her parents Are the sentences true or false?

2 We're ofeach other

4 I've got a l n m e

5 W h e n i t taste, I reckon I've got

5 Write logical responses to the sentences using will or would

1 The teacher confiscated my phone

ulell vou will keco tattino in claos.

2 | found it really hard to get up this morning

3 I'm freezing

4 My grandmother's been suspended from driving

5 Joe was expelled from his last school

Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets so that

the second sentence has the same meaning as the first

1 lt's easy to see that Paul and Joe are from the same

family (strong / resemblance)

very similar to my mum's (after)

Choose the correct words to complete the text One or both

answers may be correct

inherit phobias from your parents (geneticatty)

looks extremely similar to Matt Damon (image)

Being an identicaltwin has its ups and downs 0n thepositive side, when Max and I were younger we lwouldnever / never used to feel alone because we 2wouldafways / always used to have each other to rely on

| 3used to / would be quite reserved and he wasoutgoing so he tvould help / helped me out in socialsituations Unlike some twins, we 5didn't use to /

wouldn't have our own language but we always knewwhat the other 6used to think / was thinking Evennow we will often finish off each other's sentences.One thing that lfound difficult is that I Tdidn't use/ used notto feellike an individualand lsused toresent / was resentang that sometimes People used

to see us as a unit and call us'the twins'

What really gets on my nerves as I get older is thatpeople eare forever mistaking / forever mistake

me for Max In my first year at sixth-form collegepeople used to lothink / were thinking I was rudebecause | (or in reality, Max) 11didn't,/ didn't use tosay hello to them around the school Now | 12say / willsay hello to everyone who says hello to me so thatthey 13don't / won't think my brother's rude But themistaken identity thing can be used to our advantage -like when I laborrowed / would borrow Max's drivinglicence before I had passed my test

1 Complete the summary with words from the box.

When Britain was invaded by Germanic tribes in the fifth

century, it took on the language of the invaders, known as

1- or Old English Many modem day words connected

with 2- come ftom this phase Otd English

3-certain words from the Romans and also its a-

lt latertookwords ftom t . -the language of Viking

invaders

Afterthe eleventh century, Middle English began to o

lts grammar became simpler as word inflections 7 -.

Many French words were introduced following the Norman

8- in 1066 The third phase, Modern English, began

with the invention of the e- in the fifteenth century

The first 10-were used in the 1700s and as a result

the 11- of words became more stable The language

continues to evolve, and is strongly 12- by the

Intemet and by the English spoken by 13- speakers

2 Read the text quickly, ignoring the gaps Which three words

are being described?

A - B - C

Complete the text with suitable words

Are the statements true or false? Write T or F

7 Honeymoon used to have more positive connotations

than it does today

-2 ln a honeymoon period, mistakes are tolerated

-3 In Roman times soldiers were paid with salt

-4 Salary changed its meaning during the transition from

Anglo-Norman to modern English

-5 Posh has a popular explanation that has not been

| ' / a subiect which seems to hold a remarkable fascination for people, as can be seen from the numerous blogs and Internet sites dedicated 1-

of a given word Below are a few examples of words that are of particular etymological interest.

the original meaning of this word suggests somewhat cynically that marriage begins with the sweetness and

It still retains those connotations today in the expression honeymoon period which refers to the first stage a-

a new activity - a government's first term in office, for example - when people are prepared temporarily to

of marriage, the pessimistic implications have faded and the word simply refers to a holiday taken by a newly married couple.

@ fnis word originated from Latin, where salarium, a derivative of sa-l meaning'salt', referred to 'an allowance given to soldiers to buy salt' In former times salt was a

broadened out to the current meaning of'fixed periodic payment of work done' and passed in this sense via Anglo-Norman into English.

r acronym for 'Port Out, Starboard Home', referring to the location of the more desirable cabins on passenger

the port Oeft) side on the way out, and the starboard kight) on the return trip, benefited from the sea breeze

neat explanation, there isn't a shred ofevidence for it.

A more plausible solution is that the modern adjective, posh, is the same word as the now obsolete noun posh, meaning'dandy'(a man who cares a lot about his clothes) a slang term current in the late nineteenth century.

no longer used

' T r - "

Quickly read the text about three extreme sports In which

country did each sport originate?

-72 is often performed illegally?

-I caw understqnd atL articleabout thz ortgLw of dffirew sports

4 Are the sentences true or false? Write T or F

1 The main aim of Parkour is to get from one point to

345678

brave acts (text A)

Complete the sentences using appropriate adverbs or

adverbial phrases from the box

1 She stuck - to her argument despite being

challenged by the interviewer

2

3

I agreed with what he was saying

When I realised I had put my foot in it,

l-changed the subiect t

4 The novel was - based on the writer's own

Be careful when picking wild mushrooms Certain

types can make you - ilt

Runnlng free

f, tn tne early 1990s, in the town of Lisses, 50 minutes south of

f,aris, a group of bored teenagers would hang out together in a park

after school Uninterested in football or other conventional games,

:ney would entertain themselves by daring each other to do stunts

:sing benches, railings, walls and otlrcr park furniture From the

cark they moved into the streets, where every object was viewed

as something to be climbed up, vaulted over or swung from Their

group leader was the exceptionally athletic seventeen-year-old, David

3elle, who had been inspired by the heroic exploits of his father, a

'enowned military firefighter, and by the martial arts films of Bruce

-ee This group became the founders of Parkour or Free-Running

although purists will insistthatthere is a difference between the two)

rJore than just a sport, Parkour is a discipline and art which aims to

develop the body and mind to be able to overcome obstacles with

'urdity, efficiency and speed and to apply these skills to the mental

as well as the physical challenges in life In the late nineties, Parkour

attracted a huge underground following in France, and gradually

emerged across the world and later entered the mainstream after

'eaturing in the mid-2000s in various documentaries and films,

-otably Casino Royale, starring Sebastien Foucan, another Parkour

'lunder, as a free-running terrorist being chased over rooftops by

James Bond Many traceurs (practictioners of Parkour) campaign

against its popularisation, fearing that it will lead to commercialism

and competition, which goes against its inherent philosophy

liuing on the edge

Ej BASE jumping is an adventure sport which uses a parachute

to jump from fixed objects, which may either be natural features

or man-made structures 'BASE' is an acronym for the four types

of objects from which one can jump; Building, Antenna, Span (or

bridge), and Earth (the word used for a cliff) BASE jumps differ

from traditional skydiving since they are made at lower altitudewith only a few seconds to deploy the parachute, and theytake place in close proximity to the object serving as a jumpingplatform Owners of structures are generally reluctant to allowthem to be used as jumping platforms, so many BASE jumpersresort to subterfuge in order to get to them Modern base jumpingwas invented in 1978 by Carl Boenish, who filmed a group offriends jumping from El Capitan (a vertical rock face) in YosemiteNational Park, California They were using a type of parachutewhich was more secure than earlier models and everyone landedunharmed Carl and other pioneers of the sport soon came upwith the BASE acronym and developed the BASE number systemwhere anyone who accomplishes a jump of each type is assigned

a BASE number, in sequence of the people who have completedall four types before Carl was BASE number 4 ln 1984, hedied after hitting a rock outcrop while BASE jumping in Norway.

Extreme bilfing

@ Motocross, or 'off-road motorcycle racing', originated inBritain in the 1920s When the sport finally took off in the USA

in the 1960s, many teenagers had the desire but not the means

to participate So instead they started emulating their motocrossheroes on their bicycles, wearing full motocross gear In 1971,

a motorcycle racing documentary, 0n Any Sunday, is generallythought to have inspired a movement which became known as BMX(bicycle motocross) In its opening scenes it showed teenage kidsriding their Stingrays, the most popular brand of custom bike, on

an off+oad dirt track, handling them with extraordinary skill anddexterity The relatively low cost of participating in the sport coupledwith the wide availability of places to ride and do tricks meant thatBMX became an instant hit nationally lt swept across Europe inthe late 70s and in 1981 the International BMX Federation wasfounded, with the first world championships being held the followingyear In 2003, the International Olympic Committee voted to includeBMX racing in the 2008 Summer Games, in which 32 men andsixteen women participated As a result it enjoyed another surge inpopularity Today there are over one thousand BMX tracks aroundthe world and participation in BMX racing is at an all-time high

synthetic btood twin brother

tips them off

to mental arithmetic'

claims research

'Elephants cleverer than

humans when it comes I Plans for

National

ID card fall through

rGenetics to bring about medical

breakthroughs' predict scientists

1 ldentify the phrasal verbs in the newspaper headlines and

write them in the correct column of the table below

Write the phrasalverbs from exercise 1 next to theirmeanings

72345678

1 p l a c e / a t / d o w n / M a n c h e s t e r / o f f e r e d l a l b u t l w a s I

s h e / t u r n e d I i t I L a u r a l U n i v e r s i t y

p e o p l e / a r e / W h i t s t l i n l f a v o u r I d o l a w a y / o f /t h emonarchy, / others / some / think I with I it I we lshould

m e a n i n g / k e e p / n e v e r / o u t / b u t I Set I | / m y / p h o t o s/ r o u n d / t o / s o r t I i t I | | t o

some / bought I After I new/ our I to I myself I up I my Iboyfriend / broke / clothes / off / retationship / l/ cheer

father / was / decided I it I not I My / over / to I go I in / NewYork / but / after I for I it I iob I offered / a / thinking / he

Complete the seirtences with the active, passive orinfinitive forms of the verbs in the box and an obiectpronoun where necessary

12345

I don't trust her any more She's too often

I can't find the letter lt might have -.

He was born and in Sydney

That noise is difficult

S h e ' t l - b y h e r g r a n d p a r e n t s w h i l s t h e r p a r e n t s a r e

o n h o l i d a y Could you at the traffic lights, please?

The company was forced - staff

H o w m a n y p e o p l e t o t h e g i g ?

4

678

Two-part verbs with no

object 7

2

Two-part verb where the

object can become between

or afterthe two parts, but

comes between the parts if

the obiect is a pronoun

34

Two-part verbs whose

obiect cannot come

between the two parts

56

Three-part verbs whose

object cannot come

between the parts

78

I I cavt upress vny opLwow

on ethLcal issnes,

When GM food first hit British supermarket shelves

in 1996 this major revolution in food technology

that GM potatoes might cause indigestion in rats

sparked a major 2-.

Although the experiment was subsequently

ban on the growth and import of GM s

in Europe Public opinion on GM crops remains

divided today Some feel suspicious about the

6

it could solve the world's food 8

6)Oz Listen to two people discussing the subject of GMfood Which of the foltowing topics are mentioned?

-6 We're going to have to agree

4 ()oz tvtatctr 1-8 with a-h to form expressions forreacting to an opposing view Which do you hear in thediscussion? Listen again and check

1 | a l w a y s a v o i d e n v i r o n m e n t a [ [ y u n k i n d / u n f r i e n d l y

o rod ucts

2 A n n w a s r e a l l y o f f e n d e d S h e c o u l d n ' t b e l i e v e h o wpotiticatly false / incorrect the speaker was

3 Ben's behaviour was completety / fully unacceptable.

4 Some think cigarette advertising is totally / widely unethica[

5 The GM industry argues that their work is perfectty /virtually justifiable

6 M a n y p e o p l e t h i n k c l o n i n g i s m o r a l l y w r o n g / i n c o r r e c t

7 Banning research into this is roughly / virtually impossible

8 A r e d e s i g n e r b a b i e s w i d e l y / h i g h l y i m p r o b a b l e ?Write a paragraph agreeing or disagreeing with thestatement below Use the ideas in exercise 2 and includesome collocations from exercises t and 5

Describing an event

Preparation

1 Complete the description of an event using like, as or as if

Find at least one example in the story of:

1 a s h o r t s e n t e n c e u s e d f o r e m p h a s i s o r s u s p e n s e

2 a synonym that has been used to avoid repetition

3 a simile used to create a clear description

I can, wrLte avt, efu.tLvedescrLpttovt of an evew

3 Replace the adjectives in italics with a word with a similarmeaning from the box There are two words that you do notneed

1 He was reluctantto answer my questions

2 | was nervous about driving abroad

3 The play'er was baffled by the referee's decision

4 She admitted guilt but didn't seem very repentant

5 He's so tense He needs to relax a bit

6 She's terrified of rats

You have been asked to write about a memorable event inyour life Make notes

1 W h e r e a n d w h e n d i d it h a p p e n ?

2 Who else was involved?

3 How did you feel?

4 W h a t h a p p e n e d i n th e e n d ?

Use your notes from exercise 4 to write a description of theevent following the writing guide below Write 200-250 words

Last summer lwent round France in a campervan with a

group of friends Heading towards the ferry terminalwe

felt totally elated as this was our first realtaste of freedom

None of us had travelled without our parents before We had

brilliant fun cruising along, listening to music, playing games

and taking turns to drlve the van

A [ [ w e n t w e t l u n t i l w e r e a c h e d t h e s u b u r b s o f P a r i s a t

a b o u t t h r e e i n th e m o r n i n g I w a s d r i v i n g , w h i l e A r c h i e

navigated us towards a campsite, and the other two slept

1- logs in the back I was getting increasingly

annoyed with Archie who kept getting us lost Eventually,

I got so irritated that he threw the map at me, told me to

find the campsite myself, and then promptly fell asleep

Feeling drowsy mysell I decided to abandon the campsite

i d e a a n d p a r k o n th e ro a d s i d e M o m e n t s l a t e r I c a m e

a c r o s s w h a t l o o k e d 2 - a n e m p t y c a r p a r k a n d

p u l l e d i n fo r th e n i g h t

A few hours later I woke up feeling disorientated, and with

the sensation that something was amiss I opened the

door What I then saw will be ingrained in my memory for

ever: hundreds of children staring at me 3- | was

a complete fool as I stood there wearing just my pyjama

bottoms I had parked in a schoolplayground! | stood

motionless, my face red 5- a beetroot,

then I sheepishly ctimbed into the front of the van, and drove

away 5- quickly and calmly 7- | could, while my

friends slept on in the back, oblivious to the entire episode

4

Writing GuideExplain the general context, giving brief details of where and

w h e n t h e e v e n t h a p p e n e d Describe the events leading up to the main event Use the

m o d e l i n e x e r c i s e 1 a s a g u i d e Describe the event itsetl giving details of how you felt

Round offyour story by explaining how the event affected

y o u o r th e o t h e r p e o p l e

followed the paragraph ptan?

o used at least one short sentence to add emphasis or

b u i l d s u s p e n s e ? included at least one simile?

used synonyms to avoid repetition?

o checked the number of words and made changes ifnecessary?

checked your work for mistakes?

34

I

Read the clues and do the crossword.

4 having confidence in yourself:

self 5 not carrying anything:

empty 7 able to think quickly, inteltigent:

quick 8 oversensitive to criticism or insults:

thin Down

1 showing no feelings or pity for other people:

cold 2 c a r i n g a n d g e n e r o u s : k i n d

-5 full of exciting events and activity: packed

Complete the sentences with words from A and the present

or past participle form of words from B

Stepbrothers is a - film about two full-grownmen that act like kids

Every day she manages to lose or forget something

S h e ' s s oThe children watched the circus tricks in

m i n d

s k i n

I cavL talk aboatvarLow aspects of storLes

1 The torte was delicious but rather - to make

2 lt's worth investing in some energy-efficient

l i g h t b u l b s

Choose the correct words to comptete the sentences

1 The children were promised that if they were well-behaved/ welt-behavingthey could have an ice cream

2 The terrorist attack will have far-reaching / far-fetchingimplications

3 There were some strange-sounded / strange-sounding

6 The film was made on a stdngtight / shoe-string budget

7 The new film stars Mexican heart-throb / heartbeat

to attract your attention and make you want to buy it

Invent the story of a film and write the blurb for it using

as many of the words in the box as you can Alternatively,write one for a film you know

Unit 2 r Stories

What's on the box?

can dtscws the effectt

2 | was born in the States, was my father

3 Dave was -, 'What are you talking about?'

1 | sometimes do my homework in front of the ry So does

my brother (as)

She tatks about soap opera characters as if they werereal peopte (tike)

3 Her father's a TV producer (as)

4 Kate loves reality shows, but I don't (unlike)

5 | love animated films, tike Rotatouille (as)

6 Untike Steve, I don't watch a lot of television (tike)

Write a paragraph comparing your television viewing habitsand preferences now with five years ago Use languagefrom exercises 1 and 3

4

Has anybody been watching the latest series ofthe teenage drama, Skfii?

What are vour views on it?

You betl l'm completely hooked lt's such a refreshing change from all the

other r- on TV at the momentl

Yes I think it's brilliant Ihe characters are s0 2- and the 3

are really gripping I think it's got a lot to d0 with the fact that 4

m0$ dramas which are supposedly aimed at teens, this ones actually

written by teens and deals with issues, 5- drugs and eating

disorders, which are really relevant to us

I reckon it's really cool, really edgy, and I think the characters are

6-realistically and not stereotyped 7- they are in a lot of

dramas

l'm enjoying it, but I don't think it's quite as good E-the first

lthink that's reflected in the viewing figures Apparently, this

series has about ' as many viewers as the first

Yeah, loving it, especially because it's 11- in Bristol, my

Arthur Miller and All mv Sons

I caw understo{nd and react

to avt extract frorw a play

3

4

1 Comptete the text with the words in the box

The 1- Arthur Mitler was the son of an Austrian

who was drawn to the USA bv the GreatAmerican Dream Milte/s family later 3- severe

financial 4- His most famous play, Deoth of a

Salesman, was an attack on the American system and

its 5- on money and social 6-.The ptay

won several 7 -literary 8- However,

Miller was found e- by the Un-American Activities

Committee of 10- the Ameiican way of life

because of his communist 11- That

12-was later overturned

Read the text, ignoring the gaps What does Joe come to

understand at the end ofthe ptay?

Complete the text with suitable words

Answer the questions in your own words

1 W h y d i d th e 2 1 p i t o t s d i e ?

2 How does Joe explain his decision to send the faulty parts?

Why does the writer use the word ironically in the third

paragraph?

4 H o w d i d Joe's s o n s f e e l a b o u t t h e i r f a t h e r ' s d e e d ?

What similarities are there between this ptay and Deoth

of a Salesman?

Find words in the second and third paragraphs ofthe text

which match these definitions

AII My Sons was Arthur Mille/s

fi rst com mercially successfulptay Published two yearsbefore his most popularplay, Death of A Salesman,it

m a r k e d t h e b e g i n n i n g o f th edramatist's most fruitful period

of creativity The play is 1- in the mid-west of theUSA iust after the end of the Second World War and2- the story of the Keller famity, as they try to come

to terms with a tenible secret

Joe Keller, the play's protagonist, has seemingly achieved

t h e ' A m e r i c a n D r e a m ' H e h a s 3 - h i s f o r t u n e s e t l i n gaeroplane parts to the army o-the war His eldestson Larry is missing, presumed dead in the war, and he has

o n e r e m a i n i n g s o n , C h r i s , 5 - i s d e s t i n e d t o ta k e6- his business We learn that two years eartier

,|oehad been accused of knowingly allowing faulty engine parts

to be shipped out of his factory, causing the deaths of 21pilots He was arrested but then exonerated after falsely

d e n y i n g a l l k n o w l e d g e o f th e in c i d e n t , l a y i n g t h e b l a m e

i n s t e a d 7 - h i s b u s i n e s s p a r t n e r , w h o i s n o w i nprison When Joe's deceit is revealed during the course ofthe ptay, he justifies his action saying he did it for the sake

of his family's prosperity and Chris's future livelihood.The centraltheme of the ptay is Joe Keller's conflict betweenhis responsibility to his family and to wider society Byshipping the faulty parts, he had faited in his responsibility

to the men who depended 8- the integrity of hiswork, men who, ironically, were prepared to give their lives

in the service of their society Chris, who is essentially a-spokesman e- the ptaywright, strongly believes inpeople's responsibility to other members of society and ishonified by his father's crime lt is not until later in the play10-

Joe, on learning that Larry had taken his ownlife after reading about his court case, finally realises that

he has been responsible not 11- for the death of

o n e s o n b u t t h a t t h e s o l d i e r s w e r e ' a l [ m y s o n s ' , a t h e m ereiterated by the titte of the ptay

T h e a n t i - c a p i t a l i s t s e n t i m e n t u n d e r l y i n g t h e p t a y w a s o n e

r e a s o n 1 2 - t h e p t a y w r i g h t h a d t o a p p e a r b e f o r e t h e

U n - A m e r i c a n A c t i v i t i e s C o m m i t t e e d u r i n g t h e 1 9 5 0 s

Lord of the Flies

t0

caw understand and react

aw utract frovw a wvel

1 discover unexpectedly (paragraph 1)

2 ask somebody to come to you (paragraph 1)

strongly recommend (paragraph 2)

a state of great activity and strong emotion that is oftenviolent (paragraph 3)

5 waiting somewhere secretly (paragraph 4)

6 show that something is not true (paragraph 4)got smaller (paragraph 6)

follows (paragraph 5)

a cruel and violent person (paragraph 7)

34

789Match sentences A-H with gaps 1-7 in the article There is

one sentence you don't need

A The other boys start sobbing too

B Ralph calls the group together and gives a speech

F The boys find a pig, which Jack prepares to slaughter but

can't find the courage to stab it

G Even Ralph and Piggy have joined in.

H l t h a s b e e n p l a c e d t h e r e e a r l i e r b y Jack a n d h i s h u n t e r s

as an offering to the beast

Read the articte Answer the questions

1 W h y w a s t h e a e r o p l a n e t h a t c r a s h e d f u t l o f y o u n g b o y s ?

2 On what basis is Ralph elected leader?

3 What are the younger boys afraid of?

4 H o w d o e s J a c k p e r s u a d e t h e b o y s t o jo i n h i s t r i b e ?

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the

words in the box

She had a great holiday despite the rather

-weather

The dog has a - bark but he's perfectly friendty

The young child sitting in front of me on the bus

- throughout the entire journey

W e - u p th e h i t t o n o u r h a n d s a n d k n e e s

I think it was rather - of her to put the phone

down on me like that

Her eye make-up was - in the rain

My eyelid started to - uncontrollably

Josh is briltiant at - other people's voices and

a c c e n t s H e s h o u l d b e a c o m e d i a n !

Lord of the Fliesis an allegoricaltale: a story in whichcharacters, setting and plot represent a meaning outsidethe story itself What do you think are the themesunderlying the story?

LORD oFrHE F'I,IES

I S.t cluring the Cold War, the story of fuird ol'the Flies

takes place on an isolated tropical island A plane evacuating a

group of British schoolboys frorn a war zone has crashed and

it soon lrccornes evident that there iue no adult sun'ivors Two

ol'thc boys, Ralph and Piggy, stumble upon a conch shell and

Pigg' suggests tJrat Ralph use it as a hom to summon any other

sun'ivors rl,ho might be nearby 1 As the holcler

ol'tlte conch, which is perceived as a syrnbol of authoriry, Ralph

is appointed to this role Their new chiefappoints iurother older

lxrl',Jack, to lrc in charge of the boys rvlxr u,ill hunt for Ibod lirr

tlrc entire group.

@ Rr a tiure the boys revel in their adult-liee lil'e, splashing

itr the water and playing garnes until Ralph urges everyone

to rr'ork togedrer towards buikling a shelter and attracting dre

attentiou of passing ships by creating a constant fire sigral, lit

lx'fcrcussing sunlight through Piggy's glasses How.ever, the fire

gcts corrstiurtlv overlooked as some o[the boys, led byJack,

lbcus t]reir energy on hunting the wild pigs on the island.

@ Ut"" a ship passes by on the horizon one day, Ralph iurd

I'ig6n' are furious to discover that the signiil fire, which has been

Iack's and the hunters' responsibility to maintain, has burned

out Ralph cor.rf ronts.fack, but he has just returned q'ith his hrst

kill, ;urd all the hunters seem possessed by a strange frenz.v,

re-e nacting thre-e chasre-e in a kind of wild dancre-e Piggy criticisre-es.f ack,

n lto responds by slapping hirn across the [ace.

@ ' At the rneeting, it soon becomes clear that

sorne of the younger boys are troubled by the belief that there

is sorne sort of beast lurking on the island The children begin

to split into two separate tribes, based on the existence of the

lleast.'l'he rational Ralph attempts to disprove its existence.

3

@ Str,rtrJv afterwards, Simon, from Ralph's tribe, comes

across a pig's head buzzing with flies, whilst he is wandering

tlrr<>ugh the forest 4 He begins to hallucinate

about the head, which he sees as 'The l-ord of the Flies', and

believe s that it is communicating with him, telling him that the

lxrvs have created the beast, and that the real beast is inside

thenr all Simon returns to the beach to report to the others

u'hat he has seen, but finds them in the midst of a lienzied

litual f'east 5 On seeing Simon's shadowy figure

ernerge fiorn the jungle, they attack him and kill him with

their bare hands and teeth.

lQl Ralph's tribe has now du'indlecl to just hinrselt, Piggy, and twins Sarn and Eric They go toJack's tribal stronghold with the dual airn of tr_ving to persuade.]ack to see reas<>n and to retrieve Pigg-v's glasses, which rnernbers of.fack's tribe have stolen and without which Piggl' can't see Hou'ever, a battle ensues, during which a large rock is thrown by a bo1', Roger, knocking Piggy over the cliff to his death and shattering the conch into rnillions of pieces Eric and Sam are kidnapped into.fack's tribe, and Ralph is n<>w left by himself.

E ttr the final sequence of the book,.fack and his friend Roger lead the tribe on a hunt for Ralph They set the entire island on lire in order to smoke hirn out of his hiding place, which attracts the attention of a nearby wzrship, Driven out of the hrning forest onto the beach, Ralph is on tJre point of being attacked by the savages when a British naval offrcer appears.

E 5 Stunned by the savage and bloorlthirsty spectacle, the officer asks Ralph to explain Overwhelmed by the loss of Piggy, Sirnon, and of his own innocence, he breaks down and cries.

E 7 The officer hrrns his back so that they may regain their composure In the hnal line of the book, the ofticer looks out to sea at his 'trim cruiser in the distance', an ironic reminder that while the boys may have been saved from savagery by the adults, the world is still at war.

I was reading a book

I wos going to stoy in and read

I used to read avidly

Find ten errors in the use of narrative tenses in the fabte

t r i T h e f o l t o w i n g s p r i n g , r e e d s a n d g r a s s e s s p r a n g u p

f r o m t h e h o l e Use the outline in exercise 6 to write the myth Use avariety of narrative tenses and make any necessarychanges to the sentences Begin There was once o

Photo comparison

c a n c a m p a r e , c o E r a s tand react to photor

6

A

I cqvL

a b o o k

wrtterevLew

Preparation

1 Complete the review with the words in the box

One of my 1 favourite books is Atonement,by

must spend the rest of her life having to atone for

The book's 7 lie in its exceptionally

as being well-crafted, it is also thought-provoking in its

exploration of topics such as guilt and forgiveness, and the

futility of war Without spoiling the ptot, I have to say that

my onty reservation about the book is its 10

which, in my view, leaves the reader feeting stightly

cheated However, this is more than compensated for by

what is otherwise a fantastic read

Atonement is not a book for those who love fast-moving

plots, but for 11 of detailed and wetl-observed

prose, I would thoroughty 12 it.

2 Look at the modifying adverbs from the review Replacethem with the synonyms in the box

72345

1 p o i n t s o f v i e w

2 act in a way that shows regret for what you have done

4 a very exciting book

5 o o i n t l e s s n e s s

4 Write a review of a book you have read recently

Writing GuideParagraph 1

G i v e t h e n a m e o f th e b o o k a n d a n y b a c k g r o u n d i n f o r m a t i o n Paragraph 2

G i v e a b r i e f o u t l i n e o f th e s t o r y a n d t h e c h a r a c t e r s Paragraph 3

D e s c r i b e t h e s t r e n g t h s a n d w e a k n e s s e s o f t h e b o o k Paragraph 4

S a y w h e t h e r y o u w o u l d r e c o m m e n d t h e b o o k a n d t o w h o m

I followed the paragraph ptan?

i inctuded some rfrodifying adverbs?

i written 2OO-250 words?

\ ' .h k.d your work for mistakes?

Read the article below Complete the text by matching the

sentences (A-G) that best fit the gaps in the text (1-5)

T h e r e i s o n e s e n t e n c e w h i c h y o u do not need t o u s e

tating insects?

e

story 10 me when I steep

16)05 Read the task You witl hear a recording about the

development of writing Choose the best answer a, b, c or d

according to what you hear

1 l n th e b e g i n n i n g , w r i t i n g w a s

a i n v e n t e d m a i n l y f o r a g r i c u l t u r a l p u r p o s e s

b o n l y f o u n d i n S y r i a

c rare because the tokens had to be decorated

d difficutt because the clay was lumpy

2 According to the recording

explain what the event was explain t h e in f l u e n c e i t h a d o n y o u r l a t e r l i f e

2 Write a review of a film which was an unsuccessfuladaptation of a well-known book In your review, you

s h o u l d : inctude i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t t h e ti t l e a n d m a i n a c t o r s

o outline t h e p l o t say w h y y o u d i d n ' t t i k e t h e fi t m

a a a a a a o o o o a a o a a a a a a o a o

3 lnrmmnoil: Speaking

Part 2 - Sustained long turnLook at these two pictures in order to compare andcontrast them

These ideas may help you:

modern a n d o l d - f a s h i o n e d c a r t o o n s cartoons f o r c h i l d r e n a n d a d u l t s the appeal o f c o m i c b o o k s f o r a d u l t s

P a r t 4 - R o l e p l a yWork in pairs and role-play the following situation.Role A: You are B's child You are a student You

a r e f i n i s h i n g s e c o n d a r y s c h o o l a n d y o u have b e e naccepted at a'university in Britain Now you need

to decide whether you want to stay in universityaccommodation or with a family Discuss the optionswith your parent and try to reach an agreement.Role B: You are A's parent He/She is finishing

s e c o n d a r y s c h o o l a n d h a s b e e n a c c e p t e d

at a university in Britain Now s/he needs todecide whether s/he wants to stay in universityaccommodation or with a family Discuss the optionswith your child and try to reach an agreement.You may use these ideas:

o cultural differences

freedom language

o commutingRole A starts the conversation When you have finished,change roles and practise again

Use the Functions Bank on page 103 to help you

Use the Writing Bank on page 107 to help you

Get ready for your exam 1

Correct the errors in the words in bold.

1 Thatry presenter gets on my nerve

2 We'tl have to call the potice if things get out of our hands.' ' 3 They w e r e s i t t i n g s i d e t o s i d e o n a p a r k b e n c h

4 We have a mutually supporting relationship

the wrong way.

3 There was not a star in the sky lt was totally black.o

4 | b u r n e d m y to n g u e o n th e s o u p b e c a u s e i t w a sextremely hot b

5 My grandfather's ninety-five and really fit!

I cavL ducws the rnzouivgand Lvnportawe of frtendshtp.

1 O,oa Listen to four people describing a friend Which

category offriendship does each one fall into? Choose from

the words in the box

With for or since, describing how long an action has been

in progressWith for or since, when the verb is not commonly used in

5 | can always rely on her

Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets You may

need to change the form ofthe word in brackets

1 T i m a n d F i o n a h a v e h a d s o m e g o o d t i m e s a n d b a d

t i m e s ( u p s )

2 Jenna knows everything about me (inside)

Steve and Jess have had an argument and aren't

speaking to each other (falD

Matt and I have faced a lot of difficult situations together

Go)

5 Beckyand I have been friends foreightyears orso (back)

6 I've confided in her a lot over the years (open)

Underline the perfect structures in sentences 1-6 Then match

each sentence with uses a-f

1 I ' v e j u s t e a t e n a w h o l e c h i l l i l

2 He's driven vans before

3 She's had a virus for the last few days

4 I've been waiting over an hour for a bus I'm going to walk

5 I've been revising for the last two hours

Get) mysetf into a slightly tricky situationand I was hoping that I could turn to you for a bit ofadvice

| 4- (share) my flat with a girl called Hannah.Basically, she's a friend of a friend of my boss's Shes-only recently (arrive) in London

so I offered to let her stay with me for a short time just

w h i l e s h e f i n d s h e r o w n a c c o m m o d a t i o n W e t l , s h e6-(stay) here for over a month now and she

7

- (not show) any signs of moving out! She'sreally friendly and easy to get on with, but she just8- (not show) much initiative when it comes tofinding somewhere to live

The otherthing is that she hardly ever leaves the flat soshe e- (not made) many friends, which meansthat she (hang) out with me and my friends

a [ot That's all very well but as a resu]t | (have) very little 'quality time'with my friends recently.You're probably wondering why | 12- (notkick) her out, but she is a friend of my boss's so thatcompromises me slightly You're always so diplomatic

11-i n th e s e s i t u a t i o n s W h a t d o y o u t h i n k I s h o u l d d o ?

S p e a k s o o n !

Phoebe

1 Complete the sentences with the words in the box

7 87o/o of women contribute financially towards their

Weddings usually consist of a - followed by

a _

Couples are opting increasingly for non-traditional

About five per cent of people get married in a

- office.

Women are - to sacrifice spending on

wedding cakes to have a more e{pensive wedding

dress

Couples are waiting longer before tying the

39% of couples have a - wedding

Ten per cent of- help pay for their

- ring

Read the first two paragraphs of the text What is a 'hag

night'? Why is it called that?

Complete the text with appropriate words

Are these sentences true or false? Write T or F

1 Stag and hen nights take place over a longer period than

they used to

-2 H a g n i g h t s a r e p o p u l a r w i t h y o u n g e r c o u p l e s

-3 Most of the people interviewed had been to a hag party

I t is s u g g e s t e d t h a t h a g n i g h t s a r e p o p u l a r a s th e b r i d e

-to-be doesn't want to be separated from the groom

-Hag weekends are less active than stag weekends

5- to a recent survey of 4,000 young British adults,

a quarter of people in their thirties have already been to aioint party Most of those who had attended them claimed

to prefer the 'hag night', as these events have becomeknown, 7 -the traditional stag and hen nights Venueowners also welcome the trend Recently, cities such asDublin and Edinburgh have pointed the finger at traditionalstag and hen nights for a significant escalation in theincidences of fighting and vandalism in their city centres.Carry Marlow of Redtown Leisure, a company 8-

organises pre-nuptial entertainment, explains that on hagnights the emphasis is on friendship rather than excess.She believes that the new trend has been brought about

e

- an increase in the average age of marriage As aresult, many of the coupte's friends are already in long-term relationships with partners who are equally keen tojoin in the celebrations A hag weekend is a 10- morevelaxing affair than the traditional stag weekend Duringthe day the men might take in a round of golf 11- thewomen go off to indulge in some pampering at a healthspa before everybody meets up again in the evening to go

to a restaurant or a club

This shift towards celebrations that integrate the sexesshoutd also come 12- a welcome relief for the generalpublic who are becoming ever less tolerant of the rowdystag- and hen-night crowds, identifiabte a mile off by theirmatching outfits, badges and wigs, that invade theirtownsevery weekend

What thgg did for lov9, Two trug, lovg storigs

por Patrick Moberg, 21, it was love at first sight when he

I exchanged glances with a pretty woman while taking the

subway to Brooklyn one Sunday evening Taking a deep breath,

he plucked up his courage and headed her way Just then the

train pulled into a station The doors opened, a rush of humanity

srvarmed in, and then suddenly, she was gone.

He considered giving chase, but there's a fine line between blind

love and stalking He thought

of plastering the station with

posters Then a brainstorm:

the Internet 'It seemed less

encroaching,'he says 'I didn't

\\ ant to puncture her comfort

z o n e '

That night, he set up a website:

n1 girlofmydreams.com On it,

Patrick declared, 'I Saw the Girl

of My Dreams on the Subway

Tonight.'He drew a picture of

the girl, along with a portrait

of himself with this disclaimer

pointed at his head: 'Not insane.'

The website spread virally, and

soon he had lots of leads Some

s-ere cranks, and some were

\\omen offering themselves in

!-ase he failed in his mission.

Then he got an e-mail from

someone claiming to know the

girl He even supplied a photo It

s as her She was an Australian

interning at a magazine, and

her name was Camille And she

$'anted to meet too.

Their first meeting was awkward It was set upby Good Morning

Arnerica Like the rest of the media, GMA saw a great love

story and pounced But being sucked into a media maelstrom

isn't necessarily conducive to a nascent love affair 'We were

uncertain how to act around each other,'Patrick said And in the

back of Camille's mind, a nagging thought: Who is this guy?

The media circus eventually moved on, giving the two a chance

to talk in private.

'Everything I found out about her was another wonderful thing,'

says Patrick She was smart, funny and a big personality, a nice

fit for this shy guy 'And,'he continues quietly, 'we've been

hanging out together every day since.'

"-flric Egmont knew he had to calm down or he would blow it.

I f If he didn't relax, he was sure to clue his girlfriend, Jennie, into the fact that this was no ordinary Sunday Boston Globe newspaper This was his marriage proposal.

The two, both29, had dated for four years and never seriously discussed marriage Why mess up a good thing? went the thinking But Aric had second thoughts And since they were fanatics, he

says, proposing via the boxes of

a crossword puzzle 'was a more natural idea than it might seem to others.'

So last June he contacted the Globe and told them about his idea They bit Aric fed Globe pttzzle writers personal information to be turned into clues, then he waited for four torturous months.

On the morning of September 23, having not slept the entire night before, Aric nonchalantly asked Jennie, 'Want to do the crossword puzzle?' He bolted downstairs, grabbed the paper, then ran up

to their bedroom Climbing back into bed, the two assumed their normal puzzle-solving pose, with Jennie leaning against him Almost immediately, she was struck by the number of clues that matched up with people and places in her life For example, twenty across asked: 'Lover of Theseus.' The answer was Ariadne, which also happened

to b_e the name of a good friend of Jennie's Ninety-one across: 'NASCAR racing car driver Almirola,'whose first name is Aric Aric began scanning ahead to where the big clue was 'I knew the moment was coming,'he said And there it was One hundred eleven across: 'Generic proposal.'Cleveq he thought, a wordplay

on Jen and Aric.

'Look at that,' said Aric 'Will you marry me, Jennie?'He waited for a reaction He didn't get one Jennie is a smart person, smart enough to know all about Greek mythology, but this was information overload So Aric produced a ring and asked 'Will you marry me, Jennie?'After tears and shrieks and lots of 'I love you's,'Jennie said yes 'I'm not the most romantic person,'admits Aric 'I think I was playing above my head on this one.'

Verb patterns

1 Write these verbs and verbal phrases in the correct place in

the table

Look at the verbs in column three Underline those whose

meaning changes depending on the form that follows it

Complete the text with the infinitive, base form (infinitive

without fo), past participle or -ing form of the verbs in

3 He didn't break the world record (fail)

4 | think fie's feeling better (seem)

H e

5 | don't think they'tt arrive before midnight (anticipate)

6 lt looks tike the roof was damaged in the storm (appear)The roof

7 He shouldn't be allowed to get away with it (tet)We

8 Somebody stole Mike's wallet yesterday (have)

M i k e

5 Complete the sentences with a suitable verb in the correctactive or passive form

1 | t r i e d i t o f f a n d o n b u t I s t i l l c o u l d n ' t g e t t h eprinter to work.

2 S h e d o e s n ' t a p p r e c i a t e w h a t t o d o S h eprefers doing things her own way

verbs followed byeither

O n e o f th e m o s t f a m o u s f i c t i o n a l

d u o s i n h i s t o r y i s th e d e t e c t i v e

S h e r l o c k H o t m e s a n d h i s

a s s i s t a n t D r W a t s o n They made a perfect

p a r t n e r s h i p l t w a s Watson's m e d i c a l

in his empty surgery 6- (create) the characters that were

s o o n t o b e c o m e s o p o p u l a r t h a t t h e p u b l i c r e f u s e d 7 (betieve) they weren't real peopte Letters addressed to'Sherlock Holmes, Consulting Detective' arrived daily at theirfictionaI address in Baker Street and Scotland Yard, askinghim 8- (take on) real cases Eventua[ty, Doyle became

-f e d u p w i t h e - ( w r i t e ) a b o u t H o l m e s s o h e d e c i d e d10- (have) him tt- (kill) off in one of the stories.The public were outraged and eventually Doyte was

p e r s u a d e d 1 2 - ( b r i n g ) h i m b a c k t o l i f e

H e w e n t o n 1 3 - ( w r i t e ) m o r e b o o k s i n c l u d i n g t h e fa m o u sHound of the Boskervilles

yesterday

4 H e p r e t e n d e d n o t - m e a n d w a l k s t r a i g h t p a s t

5 | r e m e m b e t - t o e a t l i v e r w h e n I w a s y o u n g e reven though I hated it

: h i l l e d c h a m p a g n e

4

f) OZ tisten to a couple discussing the wedding venues.Which do they choose? Why were the other two reiected?Grand Hotel E Riverside Hotel I London fye E

$'O7,' Rearrange the words to make sentences fornegotiating, as used in the dialogue Listen again and check

7 h a s l i t l n V lquite/itlfor la lin lgoing/opinion/lot

2 c a n I a r e / t h i n k l y o u l d r a w b a c k s / t h e r e I a n y I t h a t / o f

3 i s I what / m e / l o c a t i o n / o f f / s l i g h t t y / p u t s / t h e

4 | / worth / t h i n k / o n e ' s / c o n s i d e r i n g I t h i s I d e f i n i t e t y

5 there | | | that/ around / suppose I ways I are

7 along I that I I'll / with / go

Write a paragraph outlining the arguments in favour of yourpreferred venue from exercise 1, explaining what you don't

l i k e a b o u t t h e o t h e r v e n u e s

1 Complete the article with words from the box

caw v,trLte aw arttcle qbout apop wlar to wrut desttnattort.

fashionable clothes from the late sixteenth century to

i n fa s h i o n F o r t h o s e w h o 1 2 - d r e s s i n g u p , t h e r e

a r e a n u m b e r o f r e p r o d u c t i o n g a r m e n t s w h i c h v i s i t o r s a r einvited to try on

2 lmprove the article by replacing basic vocabulary with amore elaborate equivalent from the box

Make notes about two visitor attractions in your town, orthe nearest town to where you live

Attraction 1

r Introduction Location

o What visitors can do or see (generat) The h i g h l i g h t o f th e e x h i b i t i o n Practical information

Writing Guide

1 Follow the structure of the model

2 Try to go beyond the basic vocabulary

3 Incorporate as many words from the box in exercise 1 as

y o u c a n

followed the paragraph plan in exercise 3?

used elaborate rather than simple vocabulary?

used appropriate phrases for describing places?

used the correct prepositions?

checked your work for mistakes?

walked on the stone pavements and look at the large

4-of old treasures recovered from the sacred

spring where they were thrown as offerings to the goddess

Minerva A stone's 5- from the train and bus

Situated on the lower floor

of the impressive Assembly

dressed figures to illustrate

the changing styles in

rooms are

3

4

Describing change

I cavL dercrtbe thzprocers of chavge

1 Complete the spidergram with the verbs in the box

Complete the sentences with the words in the box in noun

5 The new website is now up and

Choose the correct words to complete the sentences

1 Rob's had a change of mind / heart He doesn't want

to move to the USA after all

2 Emma needs to change her direction / ways if shewants to keep this job

3 | think moving schools was a change for the better /best I don't have to travel as far now

4 The caf6 has changed hands / heads several times inthe lastyear

5 | feel I need a change ofdirection / way This courseisn't really working out

6 Jane's changed hertune / heart since hervegetariandays I saw hertucking into a huge steakyesterday

7 There's been a change of plan / arrangement We'remeeting at Joe's caf6, not Brown's

8 | was going to buy those shoes, but I changed my idea/ mind when I saw how much they cost

- a book for the screen

light / darkness

seat

situation

- to the cold climate

I cawtalk about changat thnt

1 Complete the blog with a word from the box

4

Which of the words or phrases cannot complete thesentences? Cross out those which are incorrect

1 Teenagers are more sensitive than younger children

a a good deal b marginalty c easily d a far sight

2 Teenagers are influenced by their parents as younger

c h i l d r e n

a a little b not quite as c not so easily d rather

3 Money'is the most common cause of arguments

a miles b far and away c easily d a long way

4 Being a teenager is the most challenging time in life by

a a long way b an awful lot c a bit d milesExpand the sentences using comparative or superlativeforms and modifying phrases

1 Girls / mature I deal I quickly / boys

2 l / q u i t e / c o n f r o n t a t i o n a l / t h a n / w h e n / a k i d

3 | / quite / s e l f - c e n t r e d / a s /w h e n /y o u n g e r

4 Mark / tall / in / class / long way

5 My A levels / far / difficult / other exams / taken

Complete the sentences so that the meaning of thesecond sentence is similar to the first Use fhe the and acomparative adjective or adverb

1 lf you're late, he'll be more angry

Thc latar lou are thc anorior hc-ll ba

2

345

o tattes in clothes

o fiiends

t eating habits l

r opinlons

The end of an era o.

Welt, it's three days to go before my

twentieth birthday.

I'm finding it very difficult to come to 1- with

the fact that that word teenoger is not going to

2-to me for much longer: Teenagers can get

away with so much whereas'twenty somethings'are

3-to be a- more s-,Two years ago

I was so excited about turning eighteen I couldn't wait

to become independent but suddenly I've found myself

getting 6- more nostalgic about

my7-childhood days when nothing really seemed to matten

I don't feel I can spend hours in front of the television

any more because there's a far 8- more pressure

on me to stop being e- and get

a part-time job to save up for my university fees now

There are some aspects of being a teenager that I'm

definitely not going to miss though I feel an

10-lot more self-confident and emotionally 11- than

I used to and I know I'm not 12- as 13- as

I was - | certainly won't miss all those rows that I used

to have with my parents and the sheer la- of

not being understood, I'm also really looking forward

to going to university next year: lt'll be the first time I've

lived away from home and the first time that l'll truly

be left to do my own 15-

/-il unit4ochanges

-/

Protest songs

I cavL understand andreact t0 a pratest tan4

Complete the sentences with the words in the box

abotish captivity condemn economic environmental

free performeis political significance

The first - protest song was called Woodman

spare thattree, complaining abdut the cutting down

2 nead the text quickly, ignoring the gaps What motivated

Simone to write the song, Mississippi Goddam, and what

Write a paragraph about the lyrics of a song that impressedyou What does the composer write about?

NATURAL BORN WINNERS

EleanorSimmonds

{ \ ^ / i m m i r l o l p v p l r r r i l h l r p r

Jrsabled

DavidWeir

@ With two olderbrothers

from the start he was

.rn wrth his life

EsterVergeer

@ riglrt ycar old lsterVergeer

prop\Jed chavges to ai toilw ce6re.

Write compound nouns to match the definitions of

buitdings and facilities in a town

1 A building with several floors for parking cars in

2 A street where you can walk but not drive

3 A s h o p w h i c h i s o n e o f a s e r i e s o w n e d b y th e s a m e

c o m p a n y

4 A way of entering a place for people with a physical

d i s a b i l i t y

5 A metal bar for attaching bicycles to

6 A place where people can cross a road safely

7 A structure with water flowing through it created to make

a place attractive

8 An indoor area with lots of shops

9 An area where trees, flowers, grass, etc have been

olanted to make it more attractive'

Read the text about eco-towns and complete it with the

words in the box Do you think they sound like a good idea?

3 Sffi Listen to four people giving their views on theproposals to build eco-towns Do the speakers agree (/) ordisagree (/r) with the idea?

S p e a k e r 1 !Speaker 2 !

Speaker 3 [Speaker 4 !

@ Listen again and complete these phrases

1 To my schemes like this can only be a

-i n th e - d i r e c t i o n

2 -, I think it would be wonderful to live

3 Welt, that's not - | - it at alt

4 T h a t w o u l d s e e m l i k e t h e - m e

5 F o r m e a - - t h e w h o l e i d e a i s th a t .

6 l t h i n k t h a t ' s a - -

7 l'm - | don't - - with that objection

8 So - in -, | - agree - with thegovern ment's proposals

Do you agree or disagree with these opinions? Useexpressions from exercise 4 where possible and giveexamples to support your answer

1 There is nothing green about eco-towns

2 Modern buildings are soulless

3 Graffiti is art not vandalism

4 More roads in the city centre should be pedestrianised

Green spaces, such as parks, in urban areas are essential

to a person's physical and mentaI well-being

Eco-towns

The British government has recently announced

1- to create a number of 'Eco-towns' across the

country, each to be built according to strict environmental

2-.The aim is that each town will be carbon

neutral This means that any energy taken from the

national electricity suppty witt be replaced by energy

produced from 3- sources within the community

Each town should also excel in one area of environmental

technology such as waste management or rainwater

4-.In each town the facilities will be

5-watking distance, thereby cutting car use and it is hoped

that at least 30% of the housing will be 6- to

people on a low income Where possible the towns will

be built on previously 7 -or'brown field' sites,

including military and industrial sites

t v{4 {1fil

Read the article below Then for questions 1-5 choose the

best answerA, B, C or D according to the text

Helping the rnind to cope witlr

novelty and overload

Enter the American software designer, Ben Fry He has

devised a charmingly simple, but accurate, way to explain

the Museum of Modern Art in New York The show is

orchestrated by Paota Antonelli, the charismatic senior

curator of Architecture and Design who, in her twelve years

the work of scientists and technologists for the rest of

us They've done so throughout history, starting with

p o l y m a t h s l i k e L e o n a r d o d a V i n c i , w h o c o m b i n e d a l t o f

t h o s e r o l e s i n R e n a i s s a n c e l t a l y , a n d t h e s e v e n t e e n t h

-century British architects-cum-scientists Robert Hooke

and Christopher Wren Throughout the twentieth century,

desi gn ers tra n slated tech n ica t brea kth rough s i nto thi ngs

we could use every day Without them, the Internet could

D is widety appreciated by her colleagues

4 What information does the third paragraph provide?

5 In the twentieth century, designers

A first interpreted scientific and technological

b r e a k t h r o u g h s f o r th e p u b l i c

B ensured people benefited from technological advances

C began to look at nanotechnology

3 - t h e b a s i s o f s e x A t th e s a m e t i m e , t h e w o m e n ' sliberation movement led to a rethinking of gender roles._People of a- sexes increasingly came to see careersfor women as an alternative to women as fult-time

h o m e m a k e r s B y t h e e n d o f th e 1 9 8 0 s , 5 - t h a n h a t f

of women over sixteen were in the labour force Public

o p i n i o n b e g a n t o l o o k w i t h f a v o u r o n m e n 6 - s h a r e dhousekeeping and childcare with their wives This includedkitchen duties Men 7- cooking expertise had

8 - l i m i t e d t o g r i t l i n g b a c o n o r b o i t i n g a n e g g b e g a n

t o ta k e a d e e p e r e - i n c o o k i n g S i m u l t a n e o u s l y , t h etrend toward convenience continued with the spread ofgadgets tike food processors and automatic dishwashers,

w h i c h 1 0 - n o w s t a n d a r d e q u i p m e n t

Get ready for your exam 2

War and peace

I can, taLk aboutrwULtary covt'lLct

1 Complete the text with the words in the box Change the

2 write the opposites of the underlined words

1 The government sent a militarv force to lraq

3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of verbs from

A and nouns from B

Aclaim makegive put upgrind suffer

Bbreakthrough orderscasualties resistancehalt victory

1 The city to a - yesterday as it

e x p e r i e n c e d a t h r e e - h o u r p o w e r c u t

2 P o l i c e a - i n th e i r s e a r c h f o r a m i s s i n g

p a i n t i n g w o r t h f 5 mitlion

3 The officer to shoot down the aeroplane

4 The army was too weak to any - to the

3 lf you - your sights on something,

4 lfyou the hatchet,

g you stop being unfriendly and become friends again

h you refuse to change your mind about something

Family tensions

I cavL talk abowt favwllydt:putes and arg urn+Ws

lSrc Listen to Hannah talking about her retationship with

her sister Are the statements true or false? Write T or F

1 H a n n a h a n d h e r s i s t e r a r e b o t h n a t u r a l l y a r g u m e n t a t i v e

2 H a n n a h g e t s o n b e t t e r w i t h h e r s i s t e r n o w t h a n s h e u s e d

t o

-3 H a n n a h ' s s i s t e r r a r e l y r o w s w i t h h e r p a r e n t s

-$ro Complete the excerpts from the listening, then

listen again and check

1 | a v o i d i t l i k e t h e

2 there d id use to be a tittle bit of _ _ us

3 S h e s u d d e n l y h a d t o - o u r p a r e n t ' s

a t t e n t i o n

4 She clearly me to - now

5 | rarety get - - with them

6 That's rivalry foryou!

Complete the e-mail with the correct form of the words in

brackets

4 Rewrite the sentences using for + noun / pronoun + infinitive

1 lt's time that they started being honest with each other

2 lt's essential that you to stand your ground in an argument

3 My parents are very keen that I should be a good rolemodel for my brother

4 lt woutd be a miracle if they managed a day without arguing

5 l t ' s c r u c i a l t h a t y o u apologise f o r y o u r r u d e n e s s

6 I'd better not get into a row with Tamsin - she hates conflict

Write true sentences usinindicate attitude

tn ply ,ftnepty*ii &

H i M a r k ,

H o w a r e y o u doing? I ' m fi n e b u t I w a n t e d t o a s k y o u r

a d v i c e o n a n is s u e t h a t ' s b e e n b o t h e r i n g m e la t e l y

It's about the dynamic between parents and me t (raise) voices, pretty much on a daily basis

We always seem to be locking horns My sister, who is t (odd) enough, I feet quite good after an argumentthree years younger, always manages to have calm, sometimes, although I have to say it can be quite 10

t (construct) conversations with them (drain)

too

She says she finds rows 2 (upset) and What do you reckon, Mark? Do you think it's

' (destroy) Yet my parents and I just have tt (respect) to talk to parents tike this or do you

o (end) rows about homework, taking

think it can 12 (strong) retationships?

r e s p o n s i b i t i t y r o u n d t h e h o u s e a n d th a t s o r t o f th i n g

l ' m n o t tatking t ( " n i m a t e ) d i s c u s s i o n s G i v e m e a c a [ [ s o o n '

here - I'm tatking full-scale 6 (heat) Tilv

arguments with 7 (slam) doors and

Write a reply to Tilly's e-mail in exercise 3 Include some ofthe vocabulary from exercises 2 and 3