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PASSIVE VOICE Active: S + V + O Passive: S + BE + V 3/ ED + by O I. Tense forms of Passive Verb : ( Các dạng thì của những động từ thể thụ động ) 1.Passive form of The present tense ( Dạng bò động của thì hiện tại đơn) S + Am / Is / Are + V 3 Active Ex : The news surprises me. Ex : The news surprises Sam. Passive Ex : I am surprised by the news. Ex : Sam is surprised by the news. 2. Passive form of The past tense ( Dạng bò động của thì quá khứ đơn) S + Was / Were + V 3 Ex : They bought this house last year. Ex : I saw them yesterday. Ex This house was bought last year (by them) Ex : They were seen yesterday. 3. Passive form of The past progressive tense ( Dạng bò động của thì qk tiếp diễn) S + Was / Were + Being + V 3 Ex : Mai was cooking dinner at 6 p.m yesterday. Ex : She was talking to them when I came. Ex : Dinner was being cooked by Mai at 6 p.m yesterday. Ex : They were being talked (by her) to when I came. 4. Passive form of The present progressive tense ( Dạng bò động của thì ht tiếp diễn ) S + Am / Is / Are + being + V 3 Ex : The secretary is copying some letters. Ex : Someone is building a new hospital. Ex : Some letters are being copied by the secretary. Ex : A new hospital is being built. 5. Passive form of The present Perfect tense (Dạng bò động của thì hiện tại ht ) S + Has / Have + Been + V 3. Ex : I have just bought a car. Ex : Phong has done these excercises for 3 hours. Ex : A car has just been bought. Ex : These exercises have been done for 3 hours by Phong. 6. Passive form of The past Perfect (Dạng bò động của thì quá khứ ht ) S + Had + Been + V 3 Ex : They had phoned me before they left. Ex : I had been phoned before they left. 7. Passive form of The Future tense (Dạng bò động của thì tương lai đơn) S + Will + Be + V 3 Ex: Mai will visit Cuc Phuong national park next week. Ex : Cuc Phuong national park will be visited by Mai next week. 8. Passive form of The Future continuous tense (Dạng bò động của thì tương lai td ) S + Will + Be + Being + V 3 Ex : They will be writing the lesson at 8 a.m tomorrow. Ex : The lesson will be being written at 8 a.m tomorrow. 9. Passive form of The Future perfect tense (Dạng bò động của thì tương lai ht ) S + Will + Have + Been + V 3 Ex : We will have finished our work by the end of this month. Ex : Our work will have been finished by the end of this month. 10. Passive form of The Future perfect continuous tense (Dạng bò động của thì tương lai httd) S +Will + Have Been + Being+V 3 Ex : They will have been teaching English at this school by then. Ex : English will have been being taught at this school by then. 11. Passive form of The present and past perfect continuous tense (Dạng bò động của thì hiện tại hoàn thành td & quá khứ hoàn thành td ) S+Have/Has + Been + Being + V 3 S + Had Been + Being + V 3 Ex : They have been learning French for ten years. Ex : We had been eating lunch before they called. Ex : French has been being learned for ten years. Ex : Lunch had been being eaten before they came. II. PASSIVE MODAL AUXILIARIES ( Dạng bò động của trợ động từ hình thái hay khiếm khuyết ) Form : Modal + Be + pastparticiple Active Modal Auxiliaries Passive Modal Auxiliaries will shall Can Could May Might Have to S + Has to + Be+ V 3 Ought to Should Must Used to Be going to Ex : I can do these exercises . Ex : You have to clean the floor. Ex :Ted should mail it. Ex : They are going to build this bridge. Ex : These exercises can be done. Ex : The floor has to be cleaned. Ex : It should be mailed. Ex : This bridge is going to be built . III / SOME OTHER CASES ( Một số trường hợp khác ) 1. Verb of opinion : say, think, believe, report, hope, explain ……… A. S + V + That + Clause <=> It + Be + V 3 + That + Clause Ex : They think that he is a good teacher. => It is thought that he is a good teacher. Ex : People say that we will pass this exam. => It is said that we will pass this exam. B. S + V + That + Clause ( S 2 + V 2 + O 2 ) <=> S 2 + Be + V 3 +To infinitive or perfect infinitive Ex : People said that he had gone abroad. => It was said that he had gone abroad. Or He was said to have gone abroad. Ex : They believe that he is a good singer. => It is believed that he is a good singer. Or He is believed to be a good singer. 2. S + V + Direct Oject + To + V (inf.) <=> Direct Object + Be + V 3 + To + V (inf.) ( advise, ask , force , encourage , invite , tell , allow , convince , warn ………… ) Ex : He asked Tom to sit by me. <=> Tom was asked to sit by me. Ex : She told him not to look for a job. <=> He was told not to look for a job. 3. WH – WORD + [ WILL/ DOES / DO/ DID ] + S + V + O ? <=> WH – WORD + BE + S + V 3 ? Ex : Why did you explain it ? <=> Why was it explained ? Ex : Where will you do these exercices tomorrow ? <=> When will these exercises be done tomorrow ? 4. YES – NO QUESTION : DO / DOES / DID + S + V + O ? <=> IS / ARE / WAS / WERE + S + V 3 ? Ex : Do you solve this problem ? <=> Is this problem solved ? Ex : Did your mother make some cakes ? <=> Were some cakes made by your mother ? 5. IMPERATIVE SENTENCE : V + O + ADVERB <=> LET + O + BE + V 3 + ADVERB Ex : Write your name here. <=> Let your name be written here . Ex : Open your book now. <=> Let your book be opened now. 6. Note : A.Trạng từ chỉ thể cách thường đứng giữa động từ Be và Past participle (Be +Adverd of manner +V 3 ). Ex : The little girl cleaned the floor carefully. <=> The floor was care fully cleaned by the little girl. B. AVERB OF PLACE + BY + O Ex : My daughter put the school-bag here. <=> The school- bag was put here by my daughter. Passive voice 1- Change the sentences into the passive : A./ 1. People grow rice in India . 2. People speak Spanish in Argentina . 3. They make this computer in the USA . 4. People make cheese from milk . 5. We paint the house everyyear . 6. We clean the garbage everyday . 7. We export coffee to twenties diffrent countries . 8. Someone checks the water level every week . 9. People do not use this road very often. 10 . The cat catches the mouse . 11. Someone delivers the newspapers once a day . 12. People speake English all over the world . 13. They do not make cars here. 14. They feed the monkeys at the zoo twice a day . 15. They grow fruits in California . 16. Tolstoy wrote “ War and Peace” . 17. Shakespeare wrote “ Hamlet” . 18. Hemingway did not write “ Hamlet” . 19. Dis Shakepeare write “ Hamlet” ? 20 . Someone built that house . 21. Bob Smith built that house in1957 . 22. They opened the factory at nine A.M . 23. They posted all letters yesterday . 24. We invited fifty people to the party . 25. Last night someone broke into ourhouse . 26. Who wrote it ? 27. What did he write it with ? 28. You must not use this machine after 5.30 p.m . 29. You must clean this machine every time you use it . 30. Someone will drive your car to London Tuesday . 31. They will ask you a lot of questions at the interview. 32. They will send you your examination results when they are ready . 33. In this August , they wiil build a new house . 34. The teacher can give him good marks because he is an excellent student. 35. I can not learn English very well . 36. When she comes , I will phone you . 37. Someone will serve soft drinks . 38. The children admired the lion – tamers most of all . 39. They were painting the posters when we arrived . 40 . The clowns make the audience laugh a lot . 41. They suggested opening the school library on Sundays . 42. Have they organized many cultural activities recently ? 43. Who wrote this poem ? 44. No one helped him do his homework. 45. John used to ask his father a lot of questions when he was a small boy . 46. When did he give you the book ? 47. They are preparing my piano at the moment . 48. I hear them singing a nice English song . 49. We should put everything in our room in good order . 50. You can not wash this dress ; You must – dry-clean it . 51 . Did the idea interest you ? 52. Why did not you turn off the lights ? 53. They are pulling down the old theatre . 54. Have the farmers cut the grass for hay ? 55. People often make fun of him . 56. We can grow potatoes in this soil . 57. Nobody has used this room for ages . 58. My brother lent me this book . 59 . Ha gave Mary a bunch of roses on Valentine , s day . 60 . He hurt his leg in an accident . 61. People use milk for making butter and cheese . 62. Someone stole my bike last night . 63. Does anyone answer my questions ? 64. She makes progress every day in the world of science . 65. They want me to buy them some new toys . 66. Has your father repaired the car? 67. How do people pronounce this word? 68.She let us use her computer. 69. Yesterday I had my brother repaire my computer. 70. He gets his friend to make some coffee for him. 71. I need to finish my homework. 72. I watch him play the piano. 73. He is looking for his brother now. 74. Put your coat here. 75. Don’t close the window. 76. They are going to build a supermarket next year. B./ 1) They don't speak English in this shop => 2) Kevin asked Dennis a question => 3) Somebody built the house last year => 4) She gives him a box => 5) Max will look after him => 6) The waiter brought Fred a big steak => 7) Somebody broke into our bungalow last Friday => 8) The teacher told us a joke => 9) They will meet Doris at the station => 10) Michael has not sent me a text message. => 11) Julia rescued three cats => 12) The students handed in the reports => 13) Maria crashed into the blue car => 14) Alex learned the poem => 15) Steven has forgotten the book => 16) The mechanic has not repaired the DVD recorder => 17) They play handball => 18) Sue puts the rucksack on the floor => 19) The girls had lost the match. =>. 20) The teacher is not going to open the window => 21) She bought four apples 22) We won the match 23) The man stole the blue car 24) The police arrested the thieves 25) Jack swam the 200 metres 26) The dog bit the old lady 27) Tom and Max ate five hamburgers 28) Oliver taught the children 29) Victoria rode the brown horse 30) Grandmother told good stories. 31 They grow coffee in Kenya. 32 They publish The Times newspaper in London. 33 They make shoes in Calatayud. 34 They transport oranges from Valencia to Germany in special crates. 35 They are sending the parcel by sea. 36 They are destroying the forests in Indonesia. 37 The shark ate the man. 38 The arsonist started the fire. 39 The police took him away. 40 They've treated him very well. 41 They haven't cleaned the kitchen yet. 42 They didn't punish him for what he did. C./ 1. He has finished the report. 2. The police captured the thief. 3. The movie disappointed us. 4. She returned the money last night. 5. The students attended the course. 6. Mr. Jones teaches this class. 7. He delivers the mail every day. 8. She took that book from the desk. 9. Fire destroyed that house. 10. She will eat the cake. 1. They are eating a cake. 2. English people speak English. 3. People wear glasses. 4. The children drinks whisky 5. Our children keep a cat and a dog as pets. 6. A rooster does not lay eggs. 7. Sheep give the wool. 8. Mother did not serve dinner. 9. They left hats and coats here. 10. They cannot hold the meeting in that room. 1. He has to pay the bill. 2. For the time being, Alice is teaching that group. 3. She has finished the report. 4. The police have arrested five suspects. 5. The mad dog bit the little boy. 6. The teacher corrects our exercises. 7. Mr. Smith saw the accident. 8. They started a dancing class last week. 9. You should insure the package. 10. He may pay the bill for us. 1. You ought to water the plants once a week. 2. The mailman is delivering the mail now. 3. Somebody has taken my briefcase. 4. The doctor ordered him to take a long rest. 5. Lightning struck the house. 6. He wrote an article about our country. 7. She has translated that novel into Vietnamese. 8. The visitor divided the gifts among the children 9. My secretary opens the mail every morning. 10. He will publish a new book. 1. The host treated us very kindly. 2. My wife will write the report for me. 3. His teacher has transferred him to another class. 4. You must keep dogs in the garden. 5. A stranger started the fire. 6. They will publish the book next year. 7. A French architect designed the bridge. 8. Lightning struck the house. 9. Maria won the first prize. 10. They will sign the contract tomorrow. 1. They sent him to Los Angeles. 2. Mrs. Kennedy teaches the class. 3. They published the book in 1997. 4. The police have caught the thief. 5. They gave Linda a prize for one of her books. 6. Someone has told me about her success. 7. People speak English all over the world. 8. They sell English books in that shop. 9. Someone is repairing my car at the moment. 10. People always admire this picture. 1. He uses milk for making butter and cheese. 2. She makes progress every day in the world of science. 3. The author will write this novel in June. 4. Nobody will solve this hard problem. 5. Her mother will take her to hospital next week. 6. Someone will clean the room. 7. They had to cut down that tree. 8. Someone should tell Sally what happened. 9. They’re going to build a new hospital. 10. We can solve the problem. 1. Someone has to finish the job. 2. They may send the man to prison. 3. We must do something now. 4. They need to paint this house. 5. The movie has disappointed us very much. 6. They separated the rice from the husk. 7. The boys made a fire by their camp. 8. They built this house more than one hundred years ago. 9. Every year Viet Nam exports millions of tons of rice. 10. The publisher published his book in 1996. 1. They repaired my desk during the weekend. 2. Nobody saw her at the party last night. 3. The government has not changed the regulation. 4. She didn’t introduce me to her mother. 5. Someone is cutting the grass now. 6. Someone ought to repair this window. 7. Peter is writing a letter to his friend. 8. My friends are making some phone call in the evening. 9. Bad drivers are causing many accidents. 10. People play football all over the world. 1. He is awarding the prize to the Thon Trieu team. 2. The company has ordered some new equipment. 3.You will answer all the questions on the paper. 4.The earthquake has destroyed many buildings. 5.He has just killed a tiger. 6.Lan’s mother is making her a dress. 7.We saw Mrs. Quyen leave her house at 9 o’clock. 8.Mr. Lam must finish this work before June. 9.My parents are going to buy a new TV tomorrow. 10 His parents have just given him a new dictionary. Yes-No questions: 1. Do they teach English here? 2. Will you invite her to your wedding party? 3. Did the teacher give some exercises? 4. Is she going to write a poem? 5. Have they changed the window of the library? 6. Is she making big cakes for the party? 7. Has Tom finish the work? 8. Must we finish the test before ten? 9. Will buses bring the children home? 10. Are they asking the police about the way? Wh- questions 1. Why didn’t they help him? 2. Where do people speak English? 3. How can they open this safe? 4. Who look after the children for you? 5. How long have they wait for the doctor? 6. Who wrote this novel? 7. How many games have the team played? 8. Who are they keeping in the kitchen? 9. What books are people reading this year? 10. What did he tell you? …………………………………………………………. Verbs of reporting. 1. People believe that 13 is an unlucky number. 2. They think that he has died for many years. 3. They say that John is the biggest student in class. 4. They thought that she won the first prize. 5. They know that English is an international language. 6. People said that he was living in London. 7. Someone says that she has got married. 8. They said that she was a famous artist. 9. People said that he was jealous of her. 10. People say that there is oil under the sea. Sentences with verbs : Continue and begin 1. We’ll continue to use this computer. 2. They began to pant rubber trees in big plantations. 3. People can continue to enjoy natural resources. 4. People will continue to drink Coca-Cola in the 1 st century. 5. American people begin to love football. Verbs of perception: 1. I have heard her sing this song several times 2. People saw him steal your car. 3. The teacher is watching them work. 4. They made him work all day. 5. They saw him coming into the house. Causative form 1. I had my brother repair my computer yesterday. 2. My mother got me to buy some sugar. 3. He had the man clean his motorbike. 4. Ellen got Mary to type her paper. 5. Mr. Nam is having the students write a composition. 6. Mr. Brown will have the porter carry his luggage to his car. 7. We got him paint my house last week. 8. My sister has had the tailor make a new dress recently. 9. Mary is having him cut her hair tomorrow. 10. I got him answer my question. Sentences of order. 1. Open your book! 2. Take off your hat! 3. Don’t do that silly thing again. 4. Let tell them about it. 5. Don’t let him see you. 1. Sheila is drinking a cup of tea. - 2. My father is washing the car. - 3. Farmer Joe is milking the cows. - 4. She is taking a picture of him. - 5. I am writing a poem. - 6. We are not playing football. - 7. He is not wearing a tie. - 8. Is she preparing the party? - 9. Are they talking about the meeting? - 10. Is she watering the flowers? 11. She advised me to sell that house 12. They begged us to help them 13. He order us to clean the floor 14. He recommends me to do the job 15. She urges him to visit hẻ parents as soon as possible. 16. Do they teach English here ? 17. Will you invite her to your wedding party ? 18. Is she going to write a poem ? 19. Did the teacher give some exercises ? 20. Have they changed the window of the laboratory ? 21. Is she making big cakes for the party ? 22. Has Tom finished the work ? 23. Are the police making inquires about the thief ? 24. Must we finish the test before ten ? 25. Will buses bring the children home ? 26. Why didn't they help him ? 27. How many games has the team played ? 28. Where do people speak English ? 29. Who are they keeping in the kitchen ? 30. How can they open this safe ? 31. What books are people reading this year ? 32. How did the police find the lost man ? 33. Who looked after the children for you ? 34. How long have they waited for the doctor ? 35. What time can the boys hand in their papers ? . httd) S +Will + Have Been + Being+V 3 Ex : They will have been teaching English at this school by then. Ex : English will have been being taught at this school by then. 11. Passive form. Fire destroyed that house. 10. She will eat the cake. 1. They are eating a cake. 2. English people speak English. 3. People wear glasses. 4. The children drinks whisky 5. Our children keep. of her books. 6. Someone has told me about her success. 7. People speak English all over the world. 8. They sell English books in that shop. 9. Someone is repairing my car at the moment.