Network Administration for the Solaris 9 Operating Environment SA399 Student Guide docx

Sun Microsystems, Inc. UBRM05-104 500 Eldorado Blvd. Broomfield, CO 80021 U.S.A. Revision A StudentGuide Network Administration for the Solaris™ 9 Operating Environment SA-399 June 20, 2002 1:51 pm Please Recycle Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 901 San Antonio Road, Palo Alto, California 94303, U.S.A. All rights reserved. This product or document is protected by copyright and distributed under licenses restricting its use, copying, distribution, and decompilation. No part of this product or document may be reproduced in any form by any means without prior written authorization of Sun and its licensors, if any. Third-party software, including font technology, is copyrighted and licensed from Sun suppliers. 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Enterprise Services, Revision A Table of Contents About This Course xv Instructional Goals xv Course Map xvi Topics Not Covered xvii How Prepared Are You? xviii Introductions xix How to Use Course Materials xx Conventions xxi Icons xxi Typographical Conventions xxi Introducing the TCP/IP Model 1-1 Objectives 1-1 Introducing Network Model Fundamentals 1-2 Network Protocols 1-2 Network Model Concepts 1-3 Introducing the Layers of the TCP/IP Model 1-4 Network Interface Layer 1-5 Internet Layer 1-6 Transport Layer 1-7 Application Layer 1-8 Describing Basic Peer-to-Peer Communication and Related Protocols 1-10 Peer-to-Peer Communication 1-10 TCP/IP Protocols 1-11 Exercise: Reviewing the TCP/IP Model 1-15 Tasks 1-15 Exercise Summary 1-17 Exercise Solutions 1-18 vi Network Administration for the Solaris™ 9 Operating Environment Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Enterprise Services, Revision A Introducing LANs and Their Components 2-1 Objectives 2-1 Introducing Network Topologies 2-2 Bus Topologies 2-2 Star Topologies 2-3 Ring Topologies 2-4 VLAN Topologies 2-5 Introducing LAN Media 2-9 IEEE Identifiers 2-9 IEEE 802.3 Type 2-10 Introducing Network Devices 2-14 Shared Hubs 2-14 Bridges 2-14 Switches 2-14 Exercise: Reviewing LANs and Their Components 2-16 Preparation 2-16 Tasks 2-16 Exercise Summary 2-18 Exercise Solutions 2-19 Describing Ethernet Interfaces 3-1 Objectives 3-1 Introducing Ethernet Concepts 3-2 Major Ethernet Elements 3-2 CSMA/CD Access Method 3-2 Full-Duplex and Half-Duplex Transmission 3-4 Ethernet Statistics 3-4 Introducing Ethernet Frames 3-6 Ethernet Addresses 3-6 Setting a Local Ethernet Address 3-8 Ethernet-II Frame Analysis 3-10 Ethernet Frame Encapsulation 3-11 Maximum Transfer Units 3-13 Ethernet Frame Errors 3-14 Using Network Utilities 3-15 Using the snoop Utility 3-15 Using the netstat Utility 3-18 Using the ndd Utility 3-19 Exercise: Reviewing Ethernet Interfaces 3-22 Preparation 3-22 Tasks 3-22 Exercise Summary 3-26 Exercise Solutions 3-27 vii Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Enterprise Services, Revision A Describing ARP and RARP 4-1 Objectives 4-1 Introducing ARP 4-2 Purpose of ARP 4-2 Operation of ARP 4-3 Introducing RARP 4-7 Purpose of RARP 4-7 Operation of RARP 4-7 Exercise: Reviewing ARPs and RARPs 4-10 Preparation 4-10 Tasks 4-11 Exercise Summary 4-14 Exercise Solutions 4-15 Configuring IP 5-1 Objectives 5-1 Introducing the Internet Layer Protocols 5-2 Purpose of IP 5-2 Purpose of ICMP 5-3 Introducing the IP Datagram 5-5 IP Datagram Header Fields 5-5 IP Datagram Payload 5-6 Introducing IP Address Types 5-7 Unicast Addresses 5-7 Broadcast Addresses 5-8 Multicast Addresses 5-9 Introducing Subnetting and VLSM 5-10 Subnetting 5-10 The /etc/inet/netmasks File 5-11 VLSM 5-12 Introducing the Interface Configuration Files 5-14 The /etc/hostname. interface File 5-14 The /etc/inet/hosts File 5-14 The /etc/nodename File 5-15 Administering Logical Interfaces 5-16 Introducing Logical Interfaces 5-16 Configuring Logical Interfaces 5-17 Unconfiguring Logical Interfaces 5-20 Exercise: Reviewing IP 5-21 Preparation 5-21 Task Summary 5-21 Tasks 5-22 Exercise Summary 5-24 Exercise Solutions 5-25 viii Network Administration for the Solaris™ 9 Operating Environment Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Enterprise Services, Revision A Configuring Multipathing 6-1 Objectives 6-1 Increasing Network Throughput and Availability 6-2 Limitations of Network Interfaces 6-2 Implementing Multipathing 6-4 Introducing Multipathing 6-4 Configuring Multipathing Using Configuration Files 6-7 Configuring Multipathing Using the Command Line 6-12 Viewing Multipath Operation 6-20 Troubleshooting a Multipath Network Configuration 6-22 Exercise: Reviewing Multipathing 6-24 Preparation 6-24 Tasks 6-26 Exercise Summary 6-30 Exercise Solutions 6-31 Configuring Routing 7-1 Objectives 7-1 Identifying the Fundamentals of Routing 7-2 Purpose of Routing 7-2 Routing Types 7-3 Introducing Route Table Population 7-4 Static Route 7-4 Dynamic Route 7-4 Introducing Routing Protocol Types 7-6 Autonomous Systems 7-6 Interior Routing Protocols 7-7 Exterior Routing Protocols 7-8 Introducing the Route Table 7-9 Displaying the Route Table 7-9 Introducing Route Table Entries 7-10 Introducing Route Table Search Order 7-12 Associating Network Name and Network Number 7-14 Configuring Static Routes 7-16 Configuring Static Direct Routes 7-16 Configuring the /etc/defaultrouter File 7-16 Configuring the /etc/gateways File 7-17 Configuring Manual Static Routes 7-18 Using the RDISC Protocol 7-21 Configuring Dynamic Routing 7-23 RIP Version 1 7-23 The in.routed Process 7-25 ICMP (Routing) Redirect 7-26 ix Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Enterprise Services, Revision A Introducing CIDR 7-28 Purpose of CIDR 7-28 Operation of CIDR 7-28 Configuring Routing at Boot Time 7-32 Initializing the Router 7-32 Configuring the Router Without Rebooting 7-34 Initializing a Multihomed Host 7-34 Initializing a Non-Router 7-36 Troubleshooting Routing 7-37 Troubleshooting the Router Configuration 7-37 Troubleshooting Network Names 7-39 Exercise: Reviewing Routing Configuration 7-40 Preparation 7-40 Tasks 7-42 Exercise Summary 7-53 Exercise Solutions 7-54 Configuring IPv6 8-1 Objectives 8-1 Introducing IPv6 8-2 The Need for IPv6 8-2 Features of IPv6 8-3 Introducing IPv6 Addressing 8-4 Address Types 8-4 IPv6 Address Representation 8-5 Format Prefixes 8-5 Introducing IPv6 Autoconfiguration 8-7 Stateful Autoconfiguration 8-7 Stateless Autoconfiguration 8-7 Interface Identifier Calculation 8-8 Duplicate Address Detection 8-9 Introducing Unicast Address Types 8-10 Link-Local Address Types 8-10 Site-Local Address Types 8-10 Aggregatable Global Unicast Address Types 8-11 Prefix Notation 8-11 Embedded IPv4 Addresses 8-12 Unspecified Address Types 8-12 Loopback Address Types 8-12 Introducing Multicast Address Types 8-13 Purpose of Multicast Addresses 8-13 Scope Bits 8-14 ICMPv6 Group Membership 8-15 Enabling IPv6 8-16 The in.ndpd Process on the Non-Router 8-16 IPv6 on Non-Routers Configuration 8-17 x Network Administration for the Solaris™ 9 Operating Environment Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Enterprise Services, Revision A Non-Router Configuration Troubleshooting 8-20 The in.ndpd Process on the Router 8-21 IPv6 Routing Information Protocol 8-21 IPv6 Router Configuration 8-22 Router Configuration Troubleshooting 8-26 Managing IPv6 8-28 Displaying the State of IPv6 Interfaces 8-28 Modifying an IPv6 Interface Configuration 8-28 Configuring Logical Interfaces 8-29 Troubleshooting IPv6 Interfaces 8-29 Displaying the IPv6 Route Table 8-29 Exercise: Configuring IPv6 8-30 Preparation 8-30 Tasks 8-30 Exercise Summary 8-36 Exercise Solutions 8-37 Configuring IPv6 Multipathing 8-47 Configuring IPMP Manually 8-47 Configuring IPMP at Boot Time 8-57 Exercise: Configuring IPv6 Multipathing 8-61 Preparation 8-61 Tasks 8-61 Exercise Summary 8-64 Exercise Solutions 8-65 Configuring IPv6-Over-IPv4 Tunnels 8-70 Introducing Tunnels 8-70 Configuring Tunnels 8-70 Routing Between Tunnels 8-77 Troubleshooting IPv4 Tunnels 8-77 Exercise: Configuring an IPv6-Over-IPv4 Tunnel 8-79 Preparation 8-79 Tasks 8-79 Exercise Summary 8-81 Exercise Solutions 8-82 Describing the Transport Layer 9-1 Objectives 9-1 Introducing Transport Layer Fundamentals 9-2 Protocol Characteristics 9-2 Transport Protocols in TCP/IP 9-8 Introducing UDP 9-9 Purpose of UDP 9-9 UDP Datagram Header 9-9 Introducing TCP 9-10 TCP Segment Header 9-10 Virtual Circuit Connection 9-11 [...]... Administration for the Solaris 9 Operating Environment and SA- 299 : Advanced System Administration for the Solaris 9 Operating Environment q Server storage administration – Covered in ES-220: Disk Management with DiskSuite™ and ES-310: Volume Manager With Sun StorEdge™ q NIS+ – Covered in SA-385: NIS+ Administration q Solaris OE tuning – Covered in SA-400: Solaris Systems Performance Management Refer to the Sun... be entered by the student as part of an activity; for example: Type chmod a+rwx filename to grant read, write, and execute rights for filename Palatino italics is used for book titles, new words or terms, or words that you want to emphasize; for example: Read Chapter 6 in the User’s Guide These are called class options Preface-xxii Network Administration for the Solaris 9 Operating Environment Copyright... architecture, also known as a protocol stack The TCP/IP model is a protocol stack used by the Solaris Operating Environment (Solaris OE) for data communication 1-2 Network Administration for the Solaris 9 Operating Environment Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services, Revision A Introducing Network Model Fundamentals The features of a protocol stack are: q Each... stack For a complete listing of RFCs, visit http://www.ietf.org/rfc.html 1-4 Network Administration for the Solaris 9 Operating Environment Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services, Revision A Introducing the Layers of the TCP/IP Model Network Interface Layer Figure 1-2 shows the Network Interface layer The primary functions of this layer are: q Managing the delivery... Note – Many system administration tasks for the Solaris OE can be accomplished in more than one way The methods presented in the courseware reflect recommended practices used by Sun Educational Services Preface-xx Network Administration for the Solaris 9 Operating Environment Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services, Revision A Conventions Conventions The following conventions... Introducing Network Model Fundamentals Introducing Network Model Fundamentals The fundamentals required to understand computer networking are the network model, the functions of the layers, and the protocols that govern data transfer between two or more systems Network Protocols Computer networks use protocols to communicate Protocols define the procedures to be followed by the systems involved in the communication... Introducing the Introducing Describing Describing Ethernet ARP and Interfaces LANs and TCP/IP RARP Their Model Components Configuring the Network Configuring Configuring Configuring Configuring IP Multipathing Routing IPv6 Describing the Transport Layer Configuring and Managing Network Applications Configuring Preface-xvi Configuring Configuring DNS DHCP NTP Network Administration for the Solaris 9 Operating. .. you set up user accounts when configuring network services for system users? q Preface-xviii Can you perform basic host operations, such as startup and shutdown, to initialize certain network configuration changes? Can you locate and install network software packages required to set up various network services? Network Administration for the Solaris 9 Operating Environment Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems,... layer PDUs 1-6 Network Administration for the Solaris 9 Operating Environment Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services, Revision A Introducing the Layers of the TCP/IP Model Transport Layer The Transport layer manages the transfer of application data between communication hosts It also controls the flow of data and defines the transport quality of the data transmission... Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) q 1-8 Telnet Protocol Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Network Administration for the Solaris 9 Operating Environment Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services, Revision A Introducing the Layers of the TCP/IP Model q Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) q Domain Name System (DNS) q Network Information Service (NIS) q Network . SA-2 39: Intermediate System Administration for the Solaris 9 Operating Environment and SA- 299 : Advanced System Administration for the Solaris 9 Operating Environment ● Server storage administration. 80021 U.S.A. Revision A StudentGuide Network Administration for the Solaris 9 Operating Environment SA- 399 June 20, 2002 1:51 pm Please Recycle Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 90 1 San Antonio. Configure the Network Interface layer ● Configure the network (Internet and Transport layers) ● Configure and manage network applications Course Map Preface-xvi Network Administration for the Solaris 9