Elektron designation ASTM designation Specifications BS 2970: 1989 BSS L series Equivalent DTD Heat treatment-continued Precipitation: Time, h Temperature, "C Stress relief Time, h Temperature, "C Mechanical propefies-dand east-(SI units Tensile strength (min), MPa (tonf in-') 0.2% proof stress (min), MPa (tonf in-') Elongation % (min) (5.65JSO) Mechanical properties-chill cast- (SI units Tensile strength (min), MPa (tonf in-') 0.2% proof stress (min), MPa (tonf in-2) Elongation % (min) (5.65&) Applications MAG1 M*(GP)? - - 2-4 25&330 t, Imperial units fol 140 (9.1) 85 (5.5) 2 t, Imperial units foll 185 (12.0) 85 (5.5) A Automobile road w AX AZS 1 MAGlTB*(GP) MAG2M(SP)t 3L.122 - I 684A brackets) 200 (13.0) 80 (5.2) 6 ,rackets) 230 (14.9) SO (5.2) 10 140 (9.1) 85 (5.5) 2 85 (5.5) ! y5 (12.0) A8 (High purity) AZ81 MAG2TB(SP) 690A - - - - - 200 (13.0) 80 (5.2) 6 230 '(14.9) 80 (5.2) 10 Good ductility and shock I I I Table 26.34 ZIRCONIUM-FREE MAGNESIUM ALLOYS-continued Elektron designation ASTM designation Specifications BS 2970: 1989 BSS L series Equivalent DTD Heat treatment-continued Precipitation : Time, h Temperature, "C Stress relief Time, h Temperature, "C Mechanical properties-sand cas-(SI units ti Tensile strength (min), MPa (tonf in-2)tt 0.2% proof stress (min), MPa (tonf in-') Elongation % (min) (5.65JS0) Mechanical properties-chill cas-(SI units fi Tensile strength (min), MPa (tonf in-') 0.2% proof stress (min), MPa (tonf in-') Elongation % (min) (5.66JS0) Applications AZ91 3L.124 ,t, Imperial units following in bra 125 (8.1) 95 (6.2) 85 (5.5) - t, Imperial units following in bra( 170 (11.0) 100 (6.5) 2 I For bressure tight Increased prpof stress afte MAG3TFi 3L.125 - 8 (min) 210 (max) - - 200 (13.0) 130 (8.4) - 215 (13.9) 130 (8.4) 2 itions :at treatme MAG7M(GP) - - - - 24 25Ck330 125 (8.1) 85 (5.5) - 170 (11.0) 85 (5.5) 2 Princii C alloy - - 185 (12.0) 80 (5.2) 4 215 (13.9) 50 (5.2) 5 I alloy for c 8 (min) 210 (max) - - 185 (12.0) 110 (7.1) - 215 (13.9) 110 (7.1) 2 :ommercial usage I Elektron designation ASTM designation Tensile strength (min), MPa (tonf in-’) 0.2% proof stress (min), MPa (tonf in-’) Elongation ”/, (min) (S.65,/S0) Specifications BS 2970: 1989 BSS L series Equiualent DTD 215 130 2 Heat treatment-continued Precipitation : Time, h Temperature, “C Stress relief: Time, h Temperature, ”C Mechanical properties-sand cas- (SI units Tensile strength (min), MPa (tonf in-2) 0.2% proof stress (rnin), MPa (tonf in-’) Elongation ”/, (min) (5.6S,/S0) AZ9I(HP) AZ91E I AZ9 1 D MAGI l(GP) - - 8 (rnin) 210 (max) __ - ,t, Imperial units following in brackets 200 130 2 S Applications * M-as cast. TS-Stress relieved only. TE-Precipitation treated only. TB-Solution treated only. TF-Solution and precipitation treated. t CP General purpose alloy. SP Special purpose alloy. ? Permanent mould=pravity die casting. Not suitable Typical high pressure die-cast properties 200 150 1 High purity alloy-oEers excellent corrosion resistance Max. temp. 120°C - 7 Damping capacity ratings. A=Outstanding; better than grey cast iron. B=Equivalent to cast-iron. C=Infersior to cast-iron but better AI-base cast alloys. ** A = Particularly recommended. B=Suitable but not especially recommended. ZC63 ZC63 16 (min) 200 (max) 210 12s 3 210 12s 3 Better foundability than AZ91 with superior elevated temperature properties C=Not recommended where strength at elev. temps is likely to be an important consideration tt 1 MPa=1 Hmm-’=006475 tonfin-’. 5 Ability to fill mould easily. A, 8, C, indicate decreasing castabilily. $1 SO, or CO, atmosphere. N 6 W n Table 26.36 MAGNESIUM-ZIRCONIUM ALLOYS Inherently fine grained (0.015-0.035 mm chill cast) 9 B Elektron designation z5z RZ5 ZREl ASTM designation ZK5l ZE41 EZ33 Specijications BS 2970: 1989 MAG4TE8(GP)t MAGSTE(SP) MAG6TE(S P) BSS L series 2L. 121 2L. 128 2L. 126 Equivalent DTD Composition "/. (Single figures indicate maximum) 3 E3 B k 3.5-5.5 3.5-5.5 0.8-3.0 s - - - k . Zinc- Silver Rare earth metals Thorium Zirconium Nickel Iron Silicon Manganese Copper Material properties Founding characteristics Tendency to hot tearing Tendency to micro-porosity Castability7 Weidability (Ar-Arc Process) Relative damping capacity** Strength at elevated temperaturett Resistance to creep at elevated temperature Corrosion resistance Density, g (20°C) Liquidus, "C Solidus, "C Casting temperature range, "C - 0.4-1.0 0.03 0.005 - Good in sand and permanent moulds! Marked Very appreciable B Not recommended BIC C Poor Moderate 1.81 640 560 720-810 - 0.75-1.75 0.4-1.0 0.03 0.005 - - - - Good in sand and permanent moulds Some Virtually none A Moderate BlC B Moderate Moderate 1.84 640 510 72G810 - 2.54.0 0.41.0 0.03 0.005 - - Excellent in sand and permanent moulds Little None A Very good B A Good up to 250°C Moderate 1.80 640 545 720-810 Heat treatment Solution: Time, h Temperature, "C Cooling Precipitation: Time, h Temperature, "C Post-weld stress relief: Time, h 16 180 Air cool 2 330 ionto precede precipitation treatment Mechanical properties-sand cast-SI units (Imperial units in brackets) Tensile strength min, MPa (tonf in-') 0.2% proof stress min, MPa (tonf in-') 230 (14.9) 145 (9.4) Elongation, "/, (5.65$,) min 5 Mechanical properties-chill cast-SI units (Imperial units in brackets) Tensile strength min, MPa (tonf in-') 245 (15.9) 0.2% proof stress min, MPa (tonf in-2) Elongation, % (5.65,/S0) min Applications 145 (9.4) I 2 followed by 16 330 180 Air cool after each Precipitation treatment affords s/relief 200 (13.0) 135 (8.7) 3 215 (13.9) 135 (8.7) 4 - - - 8 200 Air cool 10 250 max Air cool 140 (9.1) 95 (6.2) 3 155 (10.0) 110 (7.1) 3 High strength plus good ductility. For high-strength pressure-tight Not suitable for spidery complex applications shapes temperatures High degree of pressure tightness at room and elevated Table 26.35 Elektron designation ZTl++.IL .k + .: TZ6+ + .I++ .;. .,. ZE63 ASTM designation HZ32 ZH62 ZE63 MAGNESIUM-ZIRCONIUM ALLOYS. Inherently fine grained-continued Speeifications BS 2970: 1989 BSS L series Equivalent DTD MAGITE(SP) 5005A MAG9TE(SP) 5015A - 5045 Composition % (Single figures indicate maximum) Zinc Silver Rare earth metals Thorium Zirconium Copper Nickel Iron Silicon Manganese Material properties Founding characteristics Tendency to hot tearing Tendency to micro-porosity Castability7 Weldability (Ar-Arc process) Relative damping cpacity** Strength at elevated temperaturett Resistance to creep at elevated temperature Corrosion resistance Density, g m-3 (20°C) Liquidus, "C Solidus, "C Casting temperature range, "C Heat treatment Solution: Time, h Temperature, "C Cooling Precipitation: Time, h Temperature, "C 1.7-2.5 0.10 2.54.0 0.4-1.0 0.03 0.005 0.01 0.01 0.15 - As per MAG7 but more sluggish Little None C Very good B A Good up to 350°C Moderate 1.85 645 550 72&810 16 315 Air cool 5.M.O 0.20 1.5-2.3 0.4-1 .o 0.03 0.005 0.01 0.01 0.15 - Similar to MAG5 Verry little Low B Fair C B Fair Moderate 1.87 630 520 72&810 2 followed 16 330 by 180 Air cool after each 5.5-6.0 - 2.CL3.0 O.&l .o 0.03 0.005 0.01 0.01 0.15 - Good Negligible Virtually none A Very good*** BK C Poor Moderate 1.87 625 516 72CL810 30 for 12 mm sctn. 70 for 25 mm sctn. 480ttq Air blast or water spray 48 or 72 138 127 Air cool Post weld stress relief: Time, h Temperature, “C 2 350 Air cool Mechanical properties-sand cast-SI units (Imperial units in brackets) Tensile strength min, MPa (tonf in-’) 0.2% proof stress rnin, MPa (tonf in-’) 185 (12.0) 85 (5.5) Elongation, ”/, (5.65JS0) min 5 Mechanical properties-chill cas-SI units (Imperial units in brackets) Tensile strength min, MPa (tonf in-’) 0.2% proof stress min, MPa 185 (12.0) 85 (5.5) Elongation, % )5.65&,,) min 5 Applications Creep resistant alloy Pptn. treatment affords stress - relief - 255 (16.5) 155 (10.0) 5 255 (16.5) 155 (10.0) 5 275 (17.8) 170 (11.0) 5 Sand Cast Alloy For heavy duty structural usage High strength with good ductility and excellent fatigue resistance. Structural parts aircraft, etc. Elektron designation ASTM MSR-A MSR-B MSR QE22 MTZ::: HK3 1 EQ21 EQ21 WE54 WE54 WE43 WE43 Specijkations BS 2970: 1972 BSS L series Equivalent DTD - MAG12TF(SP) - - - - - - 5025A 5035A 5055 - MAG13TF(SP) MAG14TF(SP) - - - - - - - Composition % (Single figures indicate maximum) Zinc 0.2 Silver Rare earth metals Thorium Zirconium Copper Nickel Iron Silicon Manganese Yttrium 2.0-3.0 1.2-2.0: 0.41 .o 0.03 0.005 0.01 0.01 0.15 - 0.2 2.0-3.0 2.0-3.0: 0.41 .o 0.03 0.005 0.01 0.01 0.15 - 0.2 2.0-3.0 1.8-2.5: 0.41.0 0.03 0.005 0.01 0.01 0.15 - 0.3 0.1 2.54.0 0.41 .o 0.03 0.005 0.01 0.01 0.15 - 0.2 1.3-1.7 1.5-3.0: 0.41 .o - 0.05-0.10 0.005 0.01 0.01 0.15 0.2 2.M.0777 0.4-1.0 0.03 0.005 0.01 0.01 0.15 4.75-5.5 - - 0.2 - 2.u.4nnii - 0.41.0 0.03 0.005 0.01 0.01 0.15 3.7-4.3 Table 26.35 MAGNESIUM-ZIRCONIUM ALLOYS. INHERENTLY FINE GRAINED-continued Elektron designation ASTM designation MSR-A MSR-B MSR MTZfff EQ21 WE54 WE43 - - QE22 MK31 EQ21 WE54 WE43 Specfiations BS 2970: 1989 BSS L series Equipment DTD Material properties Founding characteristics Tendency to hot tearing Tendency to micro-porosity CqstabilityT Weldability (Ar-Arc process) Relative damping capacity** Strength at elevated temperaturett Resistance to creep at elevated temperature Corrosion resistance Density, g cm-' (20°C) Liquidus, "C Solidus, "C Casting temperature range, "C Heat treatment Solution: Time, b Temperature, "C Cooling Precipitation: Time, h Temperature, "C - MAGlZTF - - MAG13TF(SP) - - - - - (SP) 5025A 5035A 5055 - - Good Good Good Less easy to found than MSR types Good Little Little Little Verv little Little Slight B Very good BlC A Good up to 200°C Moderate 1.81 640 550 72k810 Slight B Very good A Good up to 200°C B/C Moderate 1.82 640 550 720-81 0 Slight B Very good A Good up to 200°C Moderate 1.81 640 550 72C810 B/C Neiligible Slight C B Very good B/C A Good up to 350°C Good up to for short time 200°C applications Moderate Moderate 1.84 1.81 645 640 590 545 720-810 720-810 Very good A B/C 8 8 8 2 8 525fT 52511 525f: 565LLlTll 520ff Water or oil Water or oil Water or oil Air cool Water or oil 16 16 16 16 16 200 200 200 200 200 Air cool Air cool Air cool Air cool Air cool MAG14TF(SP) - - - - Good Very little Slight B Very good BlC A Very good up to 250°C Excellent 1.85 640 550 720-810 8 52511: Air cool 16 250 Air cool Good Very little Slight B Very good BIC A Very good up to 250°C Excellent 1.85 640 550 720-8 10 8 52511: Water or oil 16 250 Air cool sa 1 a 3 f d a Post-weld stress relief: Time, h Temperature, "C 1 510 followed by above quench and age Repeat above 1 1 1 cycle 505 510 510 followed by above followed by above followed by above quench and age aircool and age quench and age Mechanical properties-sand cast-SI units (Imperial units in brackets) Tensile strength min, MPa (tonf in-') 240 (15.5) 240 (15.5) 240 (15.5) 200 (13.0) 0.2% proof stress min, MPa (tonf in-2) 170 (11.0) 185 (12.0) 175 (11.3) 93 (6.0) Elongation, % (5.65,/S0) min 4 2 2 5 240 170 2 Mechanical properties-chill cast-SI units (Imperial units in brackets) Tensile strength min, MPa (tonf in-2) 240 (15.5) 240 (15.5) 240 (15.5) 240 0.2% proof stress min, MPa (tonf in -2) 170 (11.0) 185 (12.1) 175 (11.3) Usually sand 170 Elongation, % (5.65,/S0) min 4 2 2 2 cast Applications 250 175 2 250 165 2 250 250 175 165 2 2 High strength in thick Similar to Superior short Similar to Excellent strength and thin section castings. MSRA-B time tensile and MSR alloys up to 300°C for Good elevated temperature creep but less (up to 250°C) short time resistance at but less applications. tensile and fatigue props. temperatures Excellent around 300°C corrosion resistance short time ~~ ~~~ ~~ *See footnote to Table 26.34. t See footnote to Table 26.34. 1 Neodymium-rich rare rearths (others Ce-rich). 7 See footnote to Table 26.34. **See footnote to Table 26.34. SSee footnote to Table 26.34. tt See footnote to Table 26.34. $1 SOz or CO, atmosphere. WCastings to be loaded into furnace at operating temperature. *** But only before hydriding treatment. ttt In hydrogen at atmospheric pressure. $11 Thorium containing alloys are being repiaced by alternative magnesium based alloys 777 Neodymium and heavy rare earths. Excellent strength up to 250°C for long time applications. Excellent corrosion resistance N c u3 [...]... Designation BS 1504 -161 -430E 1504 -161 -480E 1504-24514 1504-622 1504-625 1504-316C16 1504-316C71 Description of steels 20'' 501' 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Carbon steels 208 241 262 335 480 199 232 256 187 218 248 323 443 140 162 178 205 241 312 430 168 193 232 305 423 116 137 157 181 210 296 416 148 172 142 164 171 280 398 139 161 165 273 382 93 113 - - - - - 165 258 353 161 240 314... 38.9 45.3 51.8 58.3 Proof stress Rp0.2 min Elongation A min MPa tonf in-2 % 220 220 250 250 270 320 320 370 420 480 609 14.2 14.2 16. 2 16. 2 17.5 20.7 20.7 240 27.2 31.1 38.8 22 22 Hardness HB 18 18 12 10 7 3 2 2 2 Impact Charpy V-notch J* 20°C 6 160 < 160 < 179 < 179 6212 160 1221 170/241 1921269 2291302 2481352 3021359 Notes: Verification of hardness and 0.2%proof stress is optimal Individual value... 11.0/14.0 N 0.2 11.0/14.0 24.0/28.0 1.50 19.0/22.0 24.0/27.0 1.50 33.0/37.0 13.0/17.0 1.50 37.0/41.0 17.0/21.0 1.50 410C2 116 42W29I6 425Cll 302C25' 304C12I6 13 Cr 304C15I6 Austenitic Cr-Ni 13Cr 4Ni 316C1 216 316C16' 452611 452C12 42OC24 302C35 309C30 309C40 31OC45 311Cll 33OC12 331C60 334Cll 309C32 309c35 31OC40 33OC11 331C40 Austenitic Cr-Ni-No Cr-for high temp use High alloy for high temp use High alloy... (0.6) 22.2 (0.875) 10.1 (0.399) 170 (11.0) 20 1 (13.0) 247 (16. 0) 294 (19.0) 340 (22.0) 386 (25.0) 432 (28.0) 14.3 (0.564) 162 (10.5) 193 (12.5) 232 (15.0) 278 (18.0) 324 (21.0) 371 (24.0) 417 (27.0) 20.3 (0.798) 154 (10.0) 185 (12.0) 216 (14.0) 262 (17.0) 309 (20.0) 355 (23.0) 402 (26.0) 28.6 (1.128) 147 (9.5) 139 (9.0) 178 (11.5) 209 (13.5) 247 (16. 0) 294 (19.0) 340 (22.0) 386 (25.0) 170 (11.0) 20 1 (13.0)... Refines pearlite and hardens Produces ferrite and softens Produces ferrite and softens part. of chromium about balances chill restraining effect of I$ parts silicon or 2* parts nickel t Chill restraining elfect of nickel about half that of silicon Strong refining action of titanium takes place when small amounts are added, particularly when oxygen is also present Table 26.49 Element Crraphitiriiry calue... Austenitic Cr Ni Austenitic Cr Ni low C stabilized 0.20 0.10 0.08 0.03 0.081' 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 0.040 0.040 1504-31 x 1 6 Austenitic Cr Ni l i Mo 0.08 1.5 0.03 1504-316c12 1504-316C16 1504-316C71 1504-318C17 Austenitic Cr Ni 2i Mo 0.08 0.08 0.08 1.o 3.4/4.2 8.0min 8.0min 8.5 min Cu 0.306 0.040 0.040 11.5/13.5 11.5/13.5 0.60 17.0/21.0 17.0/21.0 17.0/21.0 - 2.0 0.040 17.0/21.0 1.0/1.75... NorN&T 880 loo0 480 24S MPa &T &T &T &T Impact Izod ft lbf 11 9 Rm loo0 1160 6201770 540 5 14 15 - 30 25 15 Hardness HB 121/174' 143/1832 163 /207' 15212012 201/255' 248/302* ' 30 10 25 2691321 341/388' 1791223' - - 26-72 Casting alloys and foundry data Table 26.41a INVESTMENT CASTINGS-CARBON Grade BS 3146 Description of steels Part 1 C CLA9 CLAlO CLAll C Steel for case hardening 3 Ni for case hardening... treated 2666 Casring alloys and foundry data Table 2638a STEEL CASTINGS FOR PRESSURE PURPOSES Composition (maxima unless stated) Designation BS Description of steels C Si 1504 -161 430 Carbon steels 0.25 0.60 0.90' 1504 -161 480 1504 -161 -540 1504-245 C-Mo 0.30 0.35 0.20 1504-503LL60 34 Ni 0.12 0.60 0.60 0.20/ 0.60 0.60 Mo Ni Others 0.153 0.403 Cu 0.303 0.050 0.253 0.050 0 2 9 l.l@ 0.50/1.00 0.040 0.Z4 OM3... C/1.0'* 0.08 1.50 2.00 0.040 17.0/21.0 1.00/1.75 8.00min - 0.03 1.50 2.00 0.040 17.0/21.0 2.00/3.00 10.0min - 0.08 1.50 2.00 0.040 17.0/21.0 2.00/3.00 10.0min - 3 16C71I6 0.08 1.50 2.00 0.040 17.0/21.0 2.00/3.00 8.00 min - 317C16I6 3 18C1 716 0.08 0.08 1.50 2.00 1.50 2.00 0.040 0.040 1.00 1.00/2.00 0.25 0.20/0.40 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.20/0.45 0.20/0.50 0.30/0.50 3.35/0.55 0.35/0.55 2.00... 377432 450-550 24.1 6.0 377-432 450-500 24.1 5.0 375484 5CG-600 26.0 5.0 372-484 5W00 26.0 5.0 375-484 SW550 26.0 6.6 39e379 420-440 27.8 6.6 390-379 4W25 21.8 418 113 41 8 110 435 115 435 115 448 116 448 116 448 116 534 126 534 126 534 126 41 8 - 418 105 26 26 27.7 21.7 28.3 28.3 28.3 29.7 29.7 29.7 25 25 6.4 283 6.5 324 6.2 240 210 6.2 375 290 6.1 300 210 6.1 330 260 6.1 400 320 5.8 440 370 5.8 320 260 . BW2 BW3 BW4 BWlO 410C2 116 42W29I6 425Cll 302C25' 304C12I6 304C15I6 347C17' 3 ~16 3 1 5CW6 316C1 216 316C16' 3 16C71I6 317C16I6 3 18C1 716 452611 452C12 42OC24. 1504-425C11 1504-304C15 1504-3W 12 1504-347C 17 1504-3 1x16 1504-316c12 1504-316C71 1504-316C16 1504-318C17 1504-317C12 1504-317C16 1504-364Cll 1504-332C11 1504-3 1OC40 1504-33oCl1 Composition. 565LLlTll 520ff Water or oil Water or oil Water or oil Air cool Water or oil 16 16 16 16 16 200 200 200 200 200 Air cool Air cool Air cool Air cool Air cool MAG14TF(SP) -