Vocabulary toeic 5 docx

renew verb / rɪ'njuː/ [transitive] to arrange for an agreement or official document to continue for a further period of time  renew somebody's contract/licence/membership etc  I need

Practice Test 1 creation noun / kri 'eɪʆən / [uncountable] the act of creating something

 creation of

 The plan should result in the creation of 2000 new jobs

 the creation of a single European currency

creativity noun / kriːeɪ 'tɪvəti / [uncountable] the ability to use your imagination to produce new

ideas, make things etc

 artistic creativity

 They have little opportunity to use judgment or creativity.

advantage noun / əd 'vɑːntɪdʒ/

1. [uncountable and countable] something that helps you to be more successful than others, or the state of having this ￚ opposite disadvantage

 advantage over

 Her experience meant that she had a big advantage over her opponent.

 His height gives him an advantage over the other players.

 Western countries enjoyed considerable advantages in terms of technology.

 Younger workers tend to be at an advantage when applying for jobs.

 advantage of

 One of the many advantages of living in New York is that you can eat out at almost any

time of day

 The hotel is not very modern, but it does have the advantage of being close to the city

centre

2 take advantage of somebody to treat someone unfairly in order to get what you want, especially someone who is generous or easily persuaded

 Don't lend them the car - they're taking advantage of you!

3 take advantage of something (to do something) to use a particular situation to do or get what you want

 I took advantage of the good weather to paint the shed

 You'll want to take full advantage of the beachfront clubs.

at the top (of) something

 He was standing at the top of the stairs.

 Write your name at the top of the page.

on top of something on the highest surface of something

 There should be an envelope on top of the fridge.

external adjective / ɪk 'stɜːnl / relating to the outside of something or of a person's body

ￚ opposite internal

 the external appearance of the building

 For external use only (=written on medicines which must be put on your skin and not

swallowed)

exterior noun / ɪk 'stɪəriə / [countable] the outside of something, especially a building

ￚ opposite interior

 exterior of

 the exterior of the factory

 The dome is tiled on the exterior.

renew verb / rɪ'njuː/ [transitive] to arrange for an agreement or official document to continue for a

further period of time

 renew somebody's contract/licence/membership etc

 I need to renew my passport this year.

reform verb / rɪ'fɔːm / [transitive] to improve a system, law, organization etc by making a lot of

changes to it, so that it operates in a fairer or more effective way

 plans to radically reform the tax system

level noun / 'levəl / [countable] the amount or degree of something, compared to another amount

 level of

 high/low level

 price/income/salary etc levels

 Increased supplies are needed to meet the level of demand.

 Dolphins show a high level of intelligence.

 Inflation dropped to its lowest level in 30 years

 At the moment, public interest is at a high level

 the high salary levels of top executives

basis noun / 'beɪsɪs / [countable] the facts, ideas, or things from which something can be

developed

 basis of something

 basis for something

 Bread forms the basis of their daily diet.

 The video will provide a basis for class discussion.

 on the basis of something : because of a particular fact or situation

 discrimination on the basis of sex

 on a regular/daily/weekly etc basis every day, week etc

 I'm saving money on a regular basis.

 on a voluntary/part-time/temporary etc basis a system or agreement by which someone

or something is voluntary etc

 Nurses are employed on a full-time basis.

make out phrasal verb

1 make something ↔ out to understand something, especially the reason why something has happened

 make out what/how/why etc

 I couldn't make out what I had done to annoy her.

2 make somebody ↔ out to understand someone's character and the way they behave

 Stuart's a strange guy - I can't make him out at all.

make up phrasal verb

1. to combine together to form something ￚ synonym constitute

 make up something

 be made up of something

 Women make up only a small proportion of the prison population.

 The committee is made up of representatives from every state.

2. to produce a new story, song, game etc by thinking

 Nick made up a song about them

 When you're the boss you can make up your own rules

3. to put make-up (=special coloured substances) on someone's face in order to make them look better or different

 They made him up as an old man for the last act of the play

after [preposition/adverb/conjunction] after something happens or after someone does something

 We went for a walk after lunch.

 Gingrich won election to the House in 1978, after Flynt retired.

 What did you do after leaving school?

 an hour/two days/a year etc after

 My father died two days after I was born.

 just after/ right after /soon after/not long after

 My sister and her husband moved west just after their wedding.

 Paul rushed home right after school.

afterwards [adverb] after an event or a time that you have just mentioned

 two years/three months etc afterwards

 soon/shortly afterwards

 The operation was rather painful, but I felt a lot better afterwards.

 A couple of years afterwards I bumped into her in a supermarket.

 His wife fell ill in June and died soon afterwards.

next /nekst/ [adverb] after something happens or after someone does something use this when

you are describing a series of events in the order they happened

 Can you remember what happened next?

later [adverb] some time after now or after the time you are talking about

 three months/two years/ten days etc later

 later on

 much later (=a long time later)

 later that day/month/year etc

 A couple of days later I saw her in a downtown bar.

 The first part of the film is really boring but it gets better later on.

 I found out much later that some of the children I taught had become teachers themselves.

 Later that month we got another letter from them asking for more money.

then [adverb] after you have done something use this when you are describing a series of

things you did, or when you are giving instructions

 First we played tennis, and then we went swimming.

subsequently [adverb] formal after an event was finished in the past

 The book was published in 1954 and was subsequently translated into fifteen languages.

 The six men were subsequently acquitted of all charges, but only after they had served 17

years in prison

confidential adjective / kɒnfɪ╹denʆl/ spoken or written in secret and intended to be kept secret

 a confidential government report

 Doctors are required to keep patients' records completely confidential

 The information will be regarded as strictly confidential (=completely confidential).

implement verb / 'ɪmplɪment / [transitive] to take action or make changes that you have

officially decided should happen

 implement a policy/plan/decision etc

 We have decided to implement the committee's recommendations in full.

sighting noun /'saɪtɪŋ / [countable] an occasion on which something is seen, especially

something rare or something that people are hoping to see

 sighting of

 There were two unconfirmed sightings of UFOs in the area.

expel verb / ɪk'spel /

1 to officially force someone to leave a school or organization

 expel somebody from something

 expel somebody for doing something

 Two girls were expelled from school for taking drugs

 The main opposition leader was expelled from her party.

 He was expelled for making racist remarks.

2 to force a foreigner to leave a country, especially because they have broken the law or for political reasons

 expel somebody from something

 expel somebody for something

 Foreign priests were expelled from the country.

 Three diplomats were expelled for spying.

repel verb / rɪ'pel / [transitive] to keep something or someone away from you

 a lotion that repels mosquitoes

impel verb / ɪm'pel / if something impels you to do something, it makes you feel very strongly that

you must do it

 impel somebody to do something

 The lack of democracy and equality impelled the oppressed to fight for independence.

compel verb / kəm'pel / to force someone to do something

 compel somebody to do something

 The law will compel employers to provide health insurance.

 She felt compelled to resign because of the scandal.

compelling adjective / kəm'pelɪŋ /

1 compelling reason/argument/case etc an argument etc that makes you feel certain that something is true or that you must do something about it

 The court was presented with compelling evidence that she'd murdered her husband.

2. very interesting or exciting, so that you have to pay attention

 His life makes a compelling story.

caution verb to warn someone that something might be dangerous, difficult etc

 caution (somebody) against something

 caution (somebody) that

 caution somebody to do something

 Business leaders are cautioning against hasty action that would hamper flexibility.

 Officials were quick to caution that these remarks did not mean an end to the peace

process

 He cautioned them to avoid the forest at night.

oversee verb /əʊvə╹siː/ = supervise

 A team leader was appointed to oversee the project.

overwhelm verb / əʊvə'welm / [transitive usually passive]

1 if someone is overwhelmed by an emotion, they feel it so strongly that they cannot think clearly

 be overwhelmed by/with something

 Harriet was overwhelmed by a feeling of homesickness.

 The children were overwhelmed with excitement.

2 if work or a problem overwhelms someone, it is too much or too difficult to deal with

 be overwhelmed by something

 overwhelm somebody with something

 We were overwhelmed by the number of applications.

 They would be overwhelmed with paperwork.

overrule verb / əʊvə'ruːl / [transitive] to change an order or decision that you think is wrong,

using your official power

 The House of Lords overruled the decision of the Court of Appeal

 They have the power to overrule the local council.

overlook verb to forgive someone's mistake, bad behaviour etc and take no action

 She found him entertaining enough to overlook his faults.

inadmissible adjective / ɪnəd 'mɪsəbəl/ law inadmissible information is not allowed to be used

in a court of law

 The evidence issued on 12 February was ruled inadmissible

procedure noun / prə'siːdʒə $ -ər / [uncountable and countable] a way of doing something

 procedure for

 correct/proper/normal etc procedure

 legal/court/parliamentary etc procedures

 What is the procedure for applying for a visa?

 This is standard procedure for getting rid of toxic waste.)

proceeds noun / 'prəʊsiːdz / [plural] formal the money that is obtained from doing something or

selling something

 proceeds of/from something

 The proceeds of the concert will go to charity.

proceeding noun / prə 'siːdɪŋ / [countable usually plural] when someone uses a court of law to

deal with a legal case

 begin/open/take proceedings (against somebody)

 She has begun divorce proceedings.

 John is taking legal proceedings against his ex-partner.

attain verb / ə 'teɪn / [transitive] formal to succeed in achieving something after trying for a long

time

 More women are attaining positions of power in public life.

 Here is your opportunity to attain a goal.

attired adjective / ə 'taɪrəd / [not before noun] formal dressed in a particular way

 He arrived suitably attired in a dark dinner suit.

attuned adjective / ə 'tjuːnd / to be or become familiar with the way someone thinks or behaves

so that you can react to them in a suitable way

 be/become attuned to something

 Kathy became attuned to a curious new odor in the air.

priceless adjective / 'praɪsləs / extremely valuable

 priceless antiques

 The ability to motivate people is a priceless asset.

worthless adjective / 'wɜːθləs/ something that is worthless has no value, importance, or use

 The house was full of worthless junk.

 The information was worthless to me.

outdated adjective / aʊt 'deɪtɪd/ if something is outdated, it is no longer considered useful or

effective, because something more modern exists

 a factory with outdated equipment

 His writing style is now boring and outdated.

undated adjective / ʌn 'deɪtɪd / a letter, article, painting etc that is undated does not have a date

written on it

subscription noun / səb 'skrɪpʆən / [uncountable and countable] an amount of money you pay,

usually once a year, to receive copies of a newspaper or magazine, or receive a service, or the act

of paying money for this

 subscription to

 Are you interested in taking out a subscription to Newsweek?

 You may cancel your subscription at any time

 I've decided not to renew my subscription.

prescription noun / prɪ 'skrɪpʆən / [countable] a piece of paper on which a doctor writes what

medicine a sick person should have, so that they can get it from a pharmacist

 prescription for

 a prescription for sleeping pills

 I got the prescription filled on the way home.

inscription noun / ɪn 'skrɪpʆən / [countable] a piece of writing inscribed on a stone, in the front

of a book etc

 a Latin inscription on the memorial stone

conscription noun / kən 'skrɪpʆən / [uncountable] when people are made to join the army,

navy etc

 When was conscription introduced in Britain?

stagflation noun / stæg 'fleɪʆən / [uncountable] an economic situation in which there is inflation

(=a continuing rise in prices) but many people do not have jobs and businesses are not doing well

reinstate verb / riːɪn 'steɪt / [transitive] if someone is reinstated, they are officially given back

their job after it was taken away

 Hannigan was reinstated after students protested his dismissal.

overstate verb / əʊvə 'steɪt/ [transitive] = exaggerate ￚ opposite understate

 Politicians typically overstate their case in order to get their point across.

 The company says that the dangers of driving while using cell phones have been

overstated.

countermand verb /kaʊntə'mɑːnd / [transitive] to officially tell people to ignore an order,

especially by giving them a different one

 Terrorists tried to force him to countermand the order to attack

reprimand verb / 'reprɪmɑːnd / [transitive] to tell someone officially that something they have

done is very wrong

 reprimand somebody for (doing) something

 The military court reprimanded him for failing to do his duty.