J. Sci. Dev. 2011, 9 (Eng.Iss. 1): 108 - 111 HANOI UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE Short communication Development of TGMS line 135 S Dòng mẹ TGMS 135 s Vu Hong Quang 1 , Nguyen Van Hoan 2 , Pham Van Cuong 2 , Mai Van Tan 1 1 Rice Research Institute – Hanoi University of Agriculture, Vietnam 2 Faculty of Agronomy, Hanoi University of Agriculture, Vietnam Corresponding author email: quangvh@vietlai.com.vn Received date: 03.03.2011 Accepted date: 20.04.2011 TÓM TẮT Dòng mẹ 135 s được tạo ra từ tổ hợp lai giữa hai dòng mẹ 103 s /Pei Ải 64 s và được lai trở lại một lần từ năm 2003. Đến năm 2006 đã chọn được dòng thuần được đặt tên là dòng 135 s . Dòng mẹ 135 s có kiểu hình thuộc kiểu hình kiểu cây mới, ở giai đoạn mẫn cảm từ bước 4 - 6 của phân hóa đòng, dòng chuyển hóa bất dục hoàn toàn khi nhiệt độ trung bình của môi trường ≥ 24 0 C và hữu dục cao khi nhiệt độ trung bình của môi trường < 23 0 C. Dòng mẹ 135 s có khả năng kết hợp chung cao với các dòng bố và con lai F1 cho ưu thế lai cao hơn so với đối chứng F1 là giống lúa lai hai dòng nhập nội Bồi tạp sơn thanh (BTST) từ Trung Quốc. Từ khóa: Chọn tạo giống, dòng mẹ TGMS, lúa lai hai dòng, ưu thế lai. SUMMARY A new thermo- sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) line, 135 S was selected from a cross between TGMS 103 S line and TGMS line, Peiai64 S , using pedigree selection method from 2003 to 2006. The135 S line is of a new plant type with short growth duration (78-80) and has complete sterility when exposed to extreme temperatures, good capacity for obtaining outside pollens This TGMS line also showed high grain yield (4.86 ton ha -1 ) in self multiplication at fertility stages. The GA 3 amount required for helping this line obtain outside pollens in F 1 seed production was low (140 g per ha). Furthermore, 135 S exhibits good combining ability with male parents, i.e. the F 1 hybrid combinations between the 135 S line and 6 restorer lines (R45, R50, R63, 9311, No 44, No 154) showed high heterosis for grain yield (2.0 – 4.0 ton per ha). Based on the high grain yield of maintenance of TGMS seed, high yield of F1 seed production and F1 hybrid performance, TGMS 135 S line could be recommended for use in two-line hybrid system across the country. Key words: Heterosis, hybrid rice, TGMS line. A new thermo- sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) line 135 S was developed by the Rice Research Institute (RRI), Hanoi University of Agriculture from 2003 to 2006. The cross between TGMS lines 103 S and Peiai64 S was made; the F1 was then backcrossed to 103 S for one generation. The pedigree method of selection was applied in the backcross progeny for early maturity, sterility, stability and suitability for developing two-line hybrids (Fig.1). TGMS line 135 S has short growth duration, new plant type, high yield of seed production, and high outcrossing rate. The main characteristics of the TGMS line 135 S are presented in Table 1 and Table 2. Under field experiment conditions at RRI, the growth duration of 135 S from sowing to flowering varies from 78 to 80 days and depends on sowing date. Seed multiplication at Bacha District – Lao Cai province 108 showed that 135 S had growth duration of 120 days (about 80 days from sowing to 20% flowering). Average seed yield was about 4.86 tons ha -1 . 103 S x Peiai 64 S 103 S x F1 BC1F1 Pedigree selection ………. 135 S Pure lines and testcross Pure lines and seed production Year 2003 (Spring and Summer) Year 2004 (Spring and Summer) Spring 2005 and Summer 2005 Year 2006 Figure 1. Development of TGMS line 135S Table 1. Morpho-agromonomic characters of 135 S line under field condition in summer season No. Characters 135 S line 103 S line (Check) 1 Time from sowing to flowering (days) 78 – 80 81-83 2 Plant height (cm) 86.6 89.7 3 Effective tillers hill -1 4.3 4.6 4 Number of leaves 14.3 15.0 5 Time of flowering 9h30 9h30 6 Outcrossing rate (%) 74.3 81.3 7 Grains panicle -1 239.5 212.5 8 Plant type New plant type Normal plant type 9 Fertility rate Complete fertility Complete fertility 10 Ability of receiving outside pollens (from restorers) Good Good 11 1000 grain weight (g) 22.0 23.0 12 Stigma exertion rate (one sides) (%) 37.2 38.6 13 Stigma exertion rate (both sides) (%) 41.8 45.4 14 Grain filling rate to the effect of GA3 (%) 78.9 81.9 Table 2. Yield and yield components of 135 S line in summer in 2006 at Bac Ha district – Laocai province TGMS Lines Active tillers hill -1 Number of spikelets/ panicle -1 Number of filled grains/ panicle -1 Fertile rate (%) at 17.0 0 C ≤ t 0 ≤ 22.5 0 C Individual yield (g/ plant -1 ) 1000- grains weight (g) Yield (tons/ ha -1 ) 135 s 8.0±2 240±4 140±3 85.0 23.0±2 22.0 4.86±2 103 s (Check) 7.2±3 215±4 125±3 81.0 21.0±2 23.0 3.86±2 109 Vu Hong Quang, Nguyen Van Hoan, Pham Van Cuong, Mai Van Tan The TGMS line 135 S was also evaluated for its combining ability with available restorer lines. Combining ability test showed that the F1 hybrids between 135 S and restorer lines have normal fertility rate (Table 3). Further extensive cross tests showed that hybrids of 135S with the pollen lines have normal fertility and high individual grain yield. The results suggest that 135 S is a potentially promising TGMS parent for the two – line system of hybrid rice breeding. 6 F 1 hybrids (between 135 s and 6 restorer lines) showed high heterosis (Table 4). Compared with the check variety, the characters of seed set per panicle, 1000-grain weight and individual yield had a high standard heterosis. Without applying GA 3 , the outcrossing rate (cross fertilization) of 103 S is higher than 135s line. In contrast, with GA 3 treatment, the outcrossing rate of 135 S line was higher than 103s (Table 5). The greatest effect of GA 3 on the outcrossing habit of 135 S line was three days after flowering. Table 3. Yield and yield components of 6 F 1 hybrid combinations Characters F1 hybrid Combinations # effective tillers Number of spikelets per panicle Number filled grainsper panicle Percent of filled grains (%) 1000 – grain weight Individual yield (g plant -1 ) Harvest index Grain yield (1000 kg ha -1) 135 S /R50 4.7 293.1 259.0 88.4 25.5 21.4 0.52 94.4 135 S /R45 3.9 307.4 265.1 86.2 23.5 18.5 0.53 78.8 135 S /9311 4.0 204.5 173.8 87.3 28.1 18.0 0.47 64.5 135 S /R63 4.2 233.6 204.0 84.6 28.5 19.4 0.39 80.6 135 S /44 3.8 227.6 193.1 84.8 26.6 21.2 0.52 71.7 135 S /154 4.4 199.5 187.2 93.8 27.1 18.1 0.49 78.0 BTST(Check) 4.0 185.4 173.6 93.6 21.5 14.9 0.41 49.3 Table 4. Heterosis for yield components of 6 F 1 hybrid combinations involving TGMS line 135 S Number of tillers Number of filled grains per panicle 1 1000-grain weight Individual yield F1 hybrid Combinations HB % HS % HB % HS % HB % HS % HB % HS % 135 S /R50 46.9 17.5 37.1 49.2 4.0 9.3 68.5 36.6 135 S /R45 17.2 -15.0 57.4 52.7 11.8 23.3 57.3 24.2 135 S /9311 48.1 0.0 16.7 0.1 -3.1 30.7 78.2 20.8 135 S /R63 -6.7 5.0 29.4 17.5 0.0 32.6 -26.2 3.2 135 S /44 -7.3 -5.0 -23.9 11.2 4.6 37.7 1.0 42.3 135 S /154 -18.5 10.0 39.7 7.8 -1.0 33.5 28.6 21.5 HS: Heterosis Standard HB: Heterosis Beltiosis 110 Development of TGMS Line 135 S Table 5. Effect of GA 3 on the ability of receiving outside pollen of 103 S and 135 S lines Outcross rate – with GA 3 (%) Outcrossing rate – non GA 3 (%) Day after flowering 103 S 135 S 103 S 135 S 1 56.90 50.33 81.96 78.93 2 44.50 39.07 75.15 67.99 3 35.50 32.03 63.19 59.63 4 26.60 23.07 51.13 36.40 5 17.30 14.20 35.03 15.73 6 11.40 9.13 19.50 20.06 7 4.90 7.17 7.90 15.70 LSD 0.05% 4.80 2.61 4.20 3.98 CV% 9.60 5.30 5.80 5.40 111 . Dòng mẹ 135 s được tạo ra từ tổ hợp lai giữa hai dòng mẹ 103 s /Pei Ải 64 s và được lai trở lại một lần từ năm 2003. Đến năm 2006 đã chọn được dòng thuần được đặt tên là dòng 135 s . Dòng. tạo giống, dòng mẹ TGMS, lúa lai hai dòng, ưu thế lai. SUMMARY A new thermo- sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) line, 135 S was selected from a cross between TGMS 103 S line and TGMS line,. của môi trường < 23 0 C. Dòng mẹ 135 s có khả năng kết hợp chung cao với các dòng bố và con lai F1 cho ưu thế lai cao hơn so với đối chứng F1 là giống lúa lai hai dòng nhập nội Bồi tạp sơn