the SketchUp Version 5Student Workbook phần 9 pot

the SketchUp Workbook Version 5 258 14. Move the window so that its lower midpoint sits at the endpoint of the lower left corner of the face. Start to move the window again by its lower midpoint 15. To place it exactly relative to the face corner, we will use the angle bracket format. Enter <4’,0,14’2>. Don’t forget the foot symbols, because the units are now set to architectural. Also, the movement is in the red-blue plane, so don’t forget to include a zero placeholder for the green direction. 16. Copy this window anywhere in the lateral direction. Type 6’ to set the window spacing. 17. Now type 5x. This creates a total of five copies, evenly spaced at 6’. 18. We can squeeze in one more window on this face, so type 6x. 19. This won’t work at the current spacing, so try 5’-4”. TIP: Even though you’re working in architectural units, you can still type in decimal values - in this case, 5.33’. Using Exact Dimensions 259 20. This face is 40’ long, and we want 4’ from each side to the window centers. Therefore, the spacing between the first and last window is 32’. Enter this value. 21. Type 6/ (note the division symbol) to divide this 32’ length into six spaces between windows (seven total windows). 22. The windows are a bit crowded, change the number of windows by entering 5/. 23. We will now create the top floor. Select the three front edges of the roof and offset them inward 14’. If the offset edges are thick, zoom in closely to see if there are slight overhangs, and fix them. This would happen if there were slight innaccuracies when creating the footprint, such as rounding digits of angles. NOTE: Like with the other tools where exact values are used, you can continue to update the offset distance. 24. Push/Pull this face upward 13’. 25. Copy the arched door to the top floor, by dragging its lower midpoint to the midpoint of Edge A-B. the SketchUp Workbook Version 5 260 26. Let’s make this door a bit wider. Use Scale with Ctrl/Option so that the scaling will be relative to the center of the door. The scale factor appears in the VCB, but you cannot update it while Ctrl/Option is pressed. So click anywhere to scale the door, and the factor will be adjusted afterward. 27. Type 1.25 to increase the original width by 25%. If you want, you can verify the new width by switching to decimal mm units, and measuring the width. It should be 2125mm, which is 1.25 times 1700 mm. If you do this step, be sure to switch back to architectural units. Exact Rotated Copies 1. Now for the roof deck. Draw a horizontal half-circle arc whose diameter is Edge A-B. 2. Offset the arc inward 9” (for inches you do not need to include the “ symbol). The inner arc has thick lines, indicating that it is not aligned in the plane of the lower roof. 3. To resolve this arc, zoom in closely to the ends of the arc and fix them. 4. Push/Pull this parapet to a height of 1’-6”. You can type 18, or 1’6, or 1.5’. 5. We will now add some railing posts. Zoom in on the first segment of the parapet wall. To place the post exactly in the center of the wall, create a construction line parallel to Edge A-B, that passes through the midpoint of Edge A-C. Using Exact Dimensions 261 6. We want to locate the midpoint of Edge A-B, but you cannot do this while the arc is a “pure” arc. Right-click on the outer arc, and select Explode Curve. This breaks the arc into separate segments whose midpoints can be found. 7. Place a circle centered on the construction line, in the red direction from the midpoint of Edge A-B. Either before or after clicking the second point to create the circle, type 3 to define the radius as 3”. 8. As always, you can still change this value. A 6” diameter post is a bit large, so type 2 (for a 4” diameter post). This is a good size. 9. Use Push/Pull to make a 2’ post from this circle. Make the post a group. In Windows, Entity Info tells you how many faces and edges are in this group. The edge count includes edges along the cylinder that are currently hidden. Mac: Entity Info tells you only that a group has been selected. 10. Use Rotate to make rotated copies of the post. 11. Type (or snap to) 15 degrees. the SketchUp Workbook Version 5 262 12. To make an array, we use the same format as for linear copies. Type 8x for eight copies (nine posts). 13. Not enough to go all the way around, so type 11x. 14. You can still change the rotation angle as well. Enter 30 to double the spacing, and remove every other post. Because the number of copies was not changed, they are all still there, as you can see in X-Ray mode. 15. Undo the copies. 16. Rotate-copy the same post once more. As with linear copies, you can set the angle between the first and last copy and set number of spaces in between. Type 165 to place the last copy. 17. Now type 8/ to create eight spaces (nine posts). 18. This looks nice, but the posts are wide enough to for someone to fall through. Change the spacing to 25/. Using Exact Dimensions 263 19. This looks much safer, but we can check to make sure. Activate Measure and click two points to measure the clear distance between posts. It should be about one foot - a pretty safe clear distance. 20. Now for the top rail. Copy the top face of the parapet wall to the top of the posts TIP: You could also enter a relative move value of <0,0,2’>. Note the circles on this face, indicating where the posts meet the face. If the posts had not been grouped, these circles would be separate faces within the rail face. But since they are groups, the posts do not affect this rail face; the face is a single face. 21. Push/Pull the face up 6” to create the top rail. The outer face of the top rail is segmented because we exploded the original outer arc. (The inner face is smooth.) 22. To soften these vertical segment edges, use Erase with Ctrl/Option on the edges. Here is what your roof deck should look like. the SketchUp Workbook Version 5 264 Symmetry 1. Continuing on, we will join the main building with the two side buildings. Start by copying the doorway on the top floor onto the side of the box that faces the main building. Don’t worry about exact placement - you already know how. 2. To copy this doorway onto the main building, align the axes to the outbuilding first. 3. You can now copy the doorway from the cube, straight along the red axis, until it hits the parallel face of the main building. You can now create a bridge linking these two doorways. One way is to draw the shape for the bridge on one face (like the larger building) while the other building is hidden. 4. The one shown below (with faces reversed) has the same overall dimensions as the rail on the roof deck: 9” width, 1’-6” parapet, 2’-0” posts, 6” top rail. 5. The posts are copied from the main building, and are spaced about 1’ apart. You can create something simpler, but this looks pretty nice and ties the structures together. This picture shows the view when the front face and its windows are hidden. Using Exact Dimensions 265 6. To place the same bridge on the other side, make a copy of the bridge plus the adjacent doorways and walls. Reset the axes, then flip the copy inside-out.Use Scale to turn this copy inside out. 7. Erase the faces on the main building and box where the copied faces will be placed (moving a face on top of another face can get unnecessarily messy). 8. Select the copy again, and move it into place. Easy! Measuring Length and Area You can check lengths of edges and areas of faces, and use the Text tool to label these measurements. 1. On one of the out-buildings, check the Entity Info window for the edge shown. The length of the edge is displayed, in the current units The units should still be Architectural, which is the format of the measurement. 2. Do the same calculation on the edge shown. 3. Now activate the Text tool. Click first on the 24’ edge and move the cursor away from the edge. The length of the edge is shown. the SketchUp Workbook Version 5 266 4. Click again to place the text. At this point you can change the text, but leave it as is. Click outside the text area to create the label. As with all measurements, the text is created in the current units. If you change the units, all subsequent labels will reflect the change. Existing labels will not update, however. 5. Apply a similar label to the 19’-8” edge. NOTE: Text works well for labeling dimensions, but labels are not associative (they will not update if there are geometric or unit changes). A better way to show measurements is to use Dimensions. 6. Now for area measurements. Right-click on the face and select Area / Selection. The area is displayed: 24.00 * 19.67 = 472. 7. Another way to get the area of a face is through its Entity Info, similar to edges. 8. To label the face, use Text and click anywhere on the face for the first point. The default text for a face is its area. The Area / Selection method works for a multiple faces as well. If you want the area of multiple faces, you can also use Entity Info (which can also calculate the length of multiple edges). Or you can assign materials or manipulate layers, as described below. 9. Open the Materials Browser and assign any material to the four front faces shown below. Using Exact Dimensions 267 10. Right-click any of these faces and select Area / Material. The combined area of all four faces is calculated. NOTE: You can also right-click on the material thumbnail in the In Model tab of the Material Browser, and select Area. 11. Another way to get a multiple-face area calculation is to place all faces on the same layer. Create a new layer (Window / Layers, click Add) called something like “Outbuilding Facade.” 12. Place the two front out-building faces on the new layer. 13. Right-click on either of the faces. Select Area / Layer to see the combined area of the faces. 14. Remember, the area of one face was 472, and 944 is twice that value. Scaling in 3D This last, short section demonstrates using exact scale values when scaling in 3D. You can replace the modified materials and layers, or leave them as they are. 1. Align the axes once again to the box (right out-building) form. Select the two faces shown and activate Scale. [...]... Projects 7 With the third step still selected, repeat the move by the same distance Do the same for the fourth step (adding one vertical step) to get the four steps 8 10 Close the step Then add two small circles along the back of the step Push/Pull these circles up to the bottom of the step above If the top face of either post is not covered by the step, edit the step component again and pull the front face... steps The next few steps are performed to find the rotation angle you need to use when folding over the pentagon faces From the center of the top pentagon, draw a line to one end of the common edge Draw another line in the same direction, going past the copied pentagon 2 79 the SketchUp Workbook Version 5 6 7 8 280 Use this line to create a vertical rectangle When you fold over the copied pentagon, the. .. Zoom in closely and manually extrude the face along the arc The face is Push/Pull’d along the first arc segment - a straight-line extrusion, not a curved one This first extrusion segment is the reason for the notched result huy_anh_2002 2 69 the SketchUp Workbook Version 5 6 Display hidden edges and Push/Pull the arc form to the first inner edge of the base Select the inner arc face, and activate Move... across the top, to approximate the bottom face of the mouse Erase the face enclosed by the curves 2 Draw three arcs to create a vertical face representing the section of the mouse at the top 3 Now draw an arc to represent how the mouse changes shape from top to bottom The cube now has the correct orientation Move the cube to sit atop the cylinder 6 To verify that it is properly aligned, erase all but the. .. 273 the SketchUp Workbook Version 5 You now have a section face and three profile curves Select all profile curves (do not select the face) and group them 5 7 Move the left side handle so that the bottom corner meets the left profile curve 8 4 And do the same on the right side Push/Pull the section face out You can use the endpoint of the first segment of one of the profile curves as the limit Or you... pentagon face (the only thing in the group), and it is driven around the circle 10 Close the group Then right-click the vertical face and select Intersect with Model 11 This gives you the intersection edge where the extruded pentagon meets the vertical face To see this better, erase the vertical circle and the Follow Me group (this is why you grouped it in the first place) What’s left is the vertical... iterations You can fill in the last few lines by hand, or you can 275 the SketchUp Workbook Version 5 Push/Pull to the end of the profile and scale the face almost to nothing The profile curves are no longer needed The basic shape is complete, but we can dress up the mouse a bit 12 Use hidden edges as a guide and edges, and unsoften some edges to block off the button areas 14 For the mouse wheel, bring... make them a group (If you assign the posts a different color, do this before grouping.) 9 Use Push/Pull with Alt/Cmd to pull out the front face of the step This will overlap the steps horizontally so that vertical connector posts can be created between steps The Outliner should look like this: four step components and one group of posts 283 the SketchUp Workbook Version 5 12 Select the step above the. .. connect the channels to the new beam Start with a basic cylindrical component, overlap them and trim 287 the SketchUp Workbook Version 5 Create the notch at the end by rotating and moving into place Flatten the top and bottom logs Use Intersect with Model to cut notches Each notch should extend 1/4 the height of the log Make cutout shapes for the door and window Stack logs and create the corner Intersect,... another thing you can create from a cube - a tetrahedron Start with another cube Because the lines you draw will be inside the cube, switch to X-Ray mode Activate Line and hover over the midpoint of one edge and then a midpoint of an adjacent edge Start the line at the center of this face 5 End the line at the center of an adjacent face 6 Continue like this, connecting centers of the four side faces Then . the SketchUp Workbook Version 5 258 14. Move the window so that its lower midpoint sits at the endpoint of the lower left corner of the face. Start to move the window again. use the Text tool to label these measurements. 1. On one of the out-buildings, check the Entity Info window for the edge shown. The length of the edge is displayed, in the current units The. which is the format of the measurement. 2. Do the same calculation on the edge shown. 3. Now activate the Text tool. Click first on the 24’ edge and move the cursor away from the edge. The length