THE REPORTED SPEECH 1.TRONG NGOẶC KÉP LÀ CÂU TRẦN THUẬT. -She said: " I shall come back this store tomorrow" -She said that she would come back that store the following day. -She said to me :"I shall come back this store tomorrow" -She told me that she would come back that store the following day. CÁCH ĐỔI. -Giữ nguyên động từ SAY hoặc đổi SAY TO thành TELL. -Đổi dấu phẩy(,) hoặc dấu hai chấm(:) thành THAT và bỏ dấu ngoặc kép("") -Đổi đại từ nhân xưng hoặc sở hữu tính từ cho hợp nghĩa. -Đổi động từ trong ngoặc kép sang thì quá khứ (nếu động từ SAY ở thì quá khứ) theo công thức sau. DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH Simple present Simple past Present continuous Past continous Present perfect Past perfect Simple past Past perfect Past continous Past perfect continous Simple future Future in the past Present unreal conditional (SHOULD / WOULD/ COULD / MIGHT……… ) Perfect conditional ( SHOULD / WOULD / COULD / MIGHT… + HAVE +P.P) NOTES: +Không cần đổi thì của động từ trong ngoăc kép nếu nó là Past Perfect and Perfect conditional. +Không cần đổi thì của động từ trong ngoăc kép nếu mệnh đề ở bên ngoài ở thì hiện tại thường ,( simple present) hiện tại tiếp diễn,( present continous) hiện tại hoàn thành ( present perfect) hoặc tương lai thường( simple future) . Example: -She says: " I shall come back this store" -She says she will come back that store. +Ngoài ra cần đổi: these Those this That here There now Then ago Before (earlier) today That day must Had to Needn't Didn't have to tonight That night tomorrow The next day The following day The day after yesterday The previous day, the day before Next week The following week, the week after. Last week The previous week, the week before. TRƯỜNG HỢP NGOẠI LỆ. +Không cần đổi nếu lời nói trong noặc kép chỉ sự thật hiển nhiên. -He said: "The sun rises in the East" -He said ( that ) the sun rises in the East ( không cần đổi "rises"). +Không cần đổi nếu lời nói trong ngoặc kép có MUSTN'T chỉ sự cấm đoán. -Father said to me: "you mustn't get up late" (mustn't : không được). -Father told me that I mustn't get up late (không cần đổi MUSTN'T). TRONG NGOẶC KÉP LÀ CÂU HỎI. -She said:" Are you thisty, Tom?" -She asked Tom if (whether) he was thisty. -She asked ," What's your name?" -She asked me what my name was? CÁCH ĐỔI. S+ ASKED+O+ IF (WHETHER) S+ V+ O (YES / NO QUESTIONS). S+ ASKED+ O+ WH- QS + V+ O. SAY - ASK, REQUIRE, WONDER………… TRONG NGOẶC KÉP LÀ LỜI THỈNH CẦU LỊCH SỰ HOẶC LỄ ĐỘ. SHALL SHOULD( dùng cho tất cả các ngôi) WILL WOULD WOULD WOULD Ex: -He said: "Shall we leave now" -He asked (me) if we should leave then. -He asked : " Would you be so kind as to tell mewhen?" -He asked (me) if I would be so kind as to tell him when. TRONG NGOẶC KÉP LÀ MỆNH LỆNH HOẶC LỜI THỈNH CẦU. -He said to me:"Please go with me" -He asked me to go with him. +Structure: S+ASKED,TOLD,ORDERED(căn cứ thao nghĩa của câu) +O+V( TO -inf)…………… -The teacher said: "Don't make noise !" -The teacher ordered us not to make noise EXERCISE: Put the following sentences into reported speech. 1.He said: "I shall go with her" ……………………………………… 2.She said: "I can't find the broom" …………………………………………………… 3.He said: "I am going to the movies tonight" …………………………………………………………… 4.He said to me:"I will get married if my mother agrees" ……………………………………………………………… 5.He says to me:"I will get married if my mother agrees" ………………………………………………………………… 6.I said to him:"Your motorcycle has been stolen" ……………………………………………………. 7.He says:"The river is rising early this year" ……………………………………………………… 8.The girl said to me:"I am going to quit school" ……………………………………………………… 9.She says to me:"I'll come as soon as possible" …………………………………………………………… 10.He said:"I'm leaving for the United States tomorrow" ………………………………………………………. 11.She said:"I don't understand my husband" …………………………………………………………………… 12.He said:"You must go with your mother". ………………………………………………………… 13.I told them:" You're quite right" ………………………………………………… 14.Tom said: "She does not like that fellow" …………………………………………………. 15.John said: "I have arrived here in time" ……………………………………………………………………. 16.The teacher said:"Tom, you must finish this work by 4 o'clock ……………………………………………………………………. 17.He has said to me: "I once owned a small house in this village" ………………………………………………………………… 18.The customer said:"I want to buy a pocket calculator" ………………………………………………………………… 19 She told me:"I would be happy if my husband disclosed the secret". ……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………. 20.Our teacher said: "you can do it if you try" ………………………………………………………………… 21.The malefactor asked his neighbour:"Where do yo live?" …………………………………………………………… 22."Can you help us?",the poor men asked the passer - by. …………………………………………………………. 23.The nurse asked me:" What is your name?" …………………………………………………………………. 24."Why are you so sad?", my classmate asked me. ……………………………………………………………………… 25"Did you bring the mosquito - net along?", my cousin asked me. ……………………………………………………………………… 26.The workman asked my father:"How high is that building?" ……………………………………………………………………. 27."Whose is this strip of land?", the millionaire asked landlord. ………………………………………………………………… 28."Are you angry with me?", I asked the typist. ………………………………………………………………… 29.The clerk asked me:"Which book do you want to buy?". …………………………………………………………………… 30. The performer said:"I shall go to the next village tomorrow" ………………………………………………………………… 31.My friend asked me:"Do you enjoy your Spanish class?" ………………………………………………………………… 32.Will everyone be ready to leave by 6?",the driver asked. ……………………………………………………………………… 33.My classmate said to me:"Did you hand in your paper to the professor?" ……………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………. 34."Are you going to join that organization?" Tom asked me. ……………………………………………………………………. 35.Virginia said:"Do you like to wear your Sunday clothes?" ……………………………………………………………………. 36."Can you go to the meeting with me tonight?" ,John asked us. ………………………………………………………………… 37.Mr Smith said:"Have you taken the other two courses yet?" ………………………………………………………………… 38."Do I have to lock both of the doors?", the janitor asked. ……………………………………………………………………… 39.The fireman asked my roommate:"Did you ring the fire alarm?" ……………………………………………………………………… 40.She said to me:"Did you break this window last night?" …………………………………………………………………. 41."Don't play with that dirty cat", the father said to his son. …………………………………………………………………. 42.My neighbour said to he naughty boy:"Don't damage the .flowers in my garden" ……………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………… 43."Don't frown at me like that", my sister said to me. …………………………………………………………………… 44.Her aunt said to Mary:"Don't buy expensive tickets for the concert" ………………………………………………………………. 45."Don't be lazy", our teacher said to us. ………………………………………………………… 46."Get a taxi" , my adopted father said to me. ……………………………………………………………… 47."Give us some coffee", the students asked me. ………………………………………………………………… 48.The sick person said to me: "Don't give me any cream and sugar". ……………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………… 49.I say to the policeman:"Show me where the post officeis" …………………………………………………………………… 50.We said to the painter: "Don't leave your brush and paint here". …………………………………………………………………… 51.The said to us:"Write these two exercise" ……………………………………………………………………. 52."Turn left at the corner and drive two blocks", policeman directed. …………………………………………………………………… 53.My friend said:"Show me all the arrows". ………………………………………………………… 54."Don't sit on my hat!", his wife said to him. …………………………………………………………………… 55.I said to the waitress: "Bring me a cup of white coffee, please". ………………………………………………………………… 56."Watch out for reckless drivers!", Frank said. ……………………………………………………………… 57.The speaker said: "Don't forget to vote for me!" ……………………………………………………………………. 58."Stop now and give me your papers", the professor ordered. …………………………………………………………………… 59.I said to the young student:" Come here and show me your paper". …………………………………………………………………… 60."Remember to lock all the doors", the janitor said to the boys. …………………………………………………………………… 61.The teacher has said to me:"You should obey the school regulations" ……………………………………………………… 62.Father said:"You mustn't go out tonight" ……………………………………………………………. 63.The girl said: "You needn't bring your umbrella." …………………………………………………………………… 64.The doctor will say:"You'll have to come tomorrow". ……………………………………………………………………… 65.The boy is saying to his father: " I need some money tonight" ………………………………………………………………. 66.He said:"Shall I close the door?" ………………………………………………………………… 67.She said: "Would you mind telling me your age?" …………………………………………………………………… 68.My friend said to me:"Don't go to bed! Do you feel sleepy?" ……………………………………………………………………. 69.Grandmother said: "Don't take the old hat. Take the new one" ……………………………………………………………………. 70.He said: "What a beautiful girl!" …………………………………………………………………… . đổi: these Those this That here There now Then ago Before (earlier) today That day must Had to Needn't Didn't have to tonight That night tomorrow The next day The following day The day. day The following day The day after yesterday The previous day, the day before Next week The following week, the week after. Last week The previous week, the week before. TRƯỜNG HỢP NGOẠI LỆ. +Không. +O+V( TO -inf)…………… -The teacher said: "Don't make noise !" -The teacher ordered us not to make noise EXERCISE: Put the following sentences into reported speech. 1.He said: "I