1. Trang chủ
  2. » Khoa Học Tự Nhiên

Động lực học chất lưu (Fluid dynamics) doc

14 280 0

Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)

Tài liệu hạn chế xem trước, để xem đầy đủ mời bạn chọn Tải xuống

THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU

Thông tin cơ bản

Định dạng
Số trang 14
Dung lượng 358,09 KB

Nội dung

 Động lực học chất lưu (Nd: Fluid dynamics)  !" #$!% !& '()*) +,#-.)/ '0"122 3+ 4' ,* Cơ học về thể liên tục (Nd: Continuum mechanics)  Các định luật (Nd: Laws) 5"6 70!% '#-8 ,*4 9+,,2 5"6 / '0!% '#-8 ,*4 9++ +2 5"6  : '0!% '#-8 ,*4 9 *')2 ; <  *)#-= *) >0)?@2 Cơ học chất rắn (Nd: Solid mechanics) 8<* A ',<#-5*,,2B5"C D '#-E9*+ 2 ; !F ';#-8+0)2 5G: 'HD #-I ,* 2B5G: '4J #-K 9 ,+0,* 2 ;  L#-=0,)2#)C ; #-0 *22B; M#-N0,)2 5"7 #-  '2B$ 0O( (1)C!P '#-I0**)2 8F1G'Q)#-I**+ ,2 Cơ học chất lưu (Nd: Fluid mechanics) 8<0!#-I0,2 R 1<0!#-I0,,2BĐộng lực học chất lưu 5G: 'S+T#-5*9 , 2 8!F '*U -4*V5, $/ &#-W,,)2 -X #--X  2Y '-X #-- -X  2 Lưu biến học (Nd: Rheology; ?) ;  L &#-W,0,)?@2 8<0!Y '+ #-5+*90,2 0!C #-Z' *0'0?@2 $[ 0!C #-=0**0'0?@2 8<0!\,#-I**90,?@2 5"0!C #-]+*)?@2B^!C C#-]+*?@2 Các nhà khoa học * 00B8)#-(U  !10_8Y,`Y '6_8a`2B( -4*B-X B5, 4bb  (U D ''1 !&*F#-**2;/ '0"cd<),"J 7,< !/) . e+ 4<)4O 7* '0&* '&f0&c #- *)0)*2 !+' +;+g8/Dh)#-4*h' **,2+0ifh 0J)#-'* 2jk)#- *+2,")d C#-* , 2 l 'h) m#-*0 90X24 ': *n#- *4 2l ' '!%#-90X2+o '!%'10,"J 0)l '#-90X,* 24p ' ,<n;,#-9*+'*,,**'  2gS+Tn;*!&U*F  q  C+G\d#-,,+,,,02)O+;p ''7 '+O#-,*0, 2 <Uh) m#-*0 2 nJ)S,r0+'6+ : '0!% '.l 'Y ';#- *90X2gs++#-@2o ' ': *nl ' '!%4p ',<n;,: '> ,0*#-*,,,0*,2C  /i#- 4*' *2g^/  '!%Gc  * '*#-N ',99 ,2D*#-*,0, 27 '?j 'o '7+T#-924<  SJ 0)l '* ' J a#-4*' *,2.j '4U4O)!%'10#-, 002/C #-99,*,2g8U *0+ t#-8 ', 04,2 D*+/ Y ';f +))#-*9024&4p ',<<n*c +u C #0"2 J '#-09#9*22g#-8JPD, H ' '!vFS)+'\/ 'F0D) !%pSw!%0+x '+/<++P '\/)S@@@2 * '4O0y1động lực học chất lưu0+/+Y 1 #-,,0 2.F1<0!+ '6>)Cdòng chất lưu (Nd: fluid flow)V+Y 1" c #- *0, 24S<0! #<0P '#-0>,24<;2 ')d / '#- + 2g6 J  \o '\4 +Y 1 'L+;/ '0"1#," 'c G4SY ';4; ')d / '24 thủy động lực học (Nd: hydrodynamics)#," 'c G4S<0P ' ')d / '2g8F1 <0!\+/D+4G 'i '*/ ''L+4[;  0"4+Y+ #-++ ,? ) m0+4&_++ +`#,7;2)_++ `#,7 S2\ 'R0_/ '0!% '`2*c +)) #-**9? ),7;,7 S ! 2h 7/l '7#-+,,90X*?@2. +P#-*0+? C0_0t`U'J) +0u 4&_*, `2>!v '7 'c   +YU #-* ,2vCdC#- *,  '2 4J #- 02* 'Y ' ' 'H,#- *,00*24DU #-+0 '2d! #-**0)2,"; z4o;J D#-9,, X   ?n4O)+& \ H ' 1#Y ' \  ' e ' e++{{{20 H 'MQ+  <#4\1 <2. J 0D2gW* ',7 ')c 0y. \O+;!%p '* ' ' |,!'Y '#-*99 ' * '?'Y ' Y ' @2n\,"'Y '!%ht0y !+/<0!0c i#-  ,902g $/ '0"1<0!!*+/<*j\[7 '+0+ S 6 '+Y 1"m  ) +'L+ 0O  '[+4 t  '[+#-+*0 ,++*00X,2 + 'L ,"Dl '6)#-90X+,*+ 24!%p 'd'6 " m g}6+/ / '0"1<0!cd'L+4[;   S/;  .<0! !04O 7,<w*1 '#- ,)24 [/ !+#-9  ,2 Y '' 4v' g WS0,tthủy động lực học (Nd: hydrodynamics)\ 'R0'U\+4& \ ') )g*!& C~G+!F.)/ '0"10L ' 'R4&/ '0"1<0!g$S )4u !%6   * 'c .4Sf.S#-,2/ '0"1<0! !0.)/ '0"1 #-+' )*) +,24; z  .)/ '0"#-)*) +,0)2•+6 S\6 : 'G 'i 'o ' ! '!%G 'i '4#-0,00 ,X00,  '02<;g€• Contents • => ,990) +, • g8+*,,04, +*,,090X • gW,,4, 4,90X • g‚5)4, ,)90X • g^+ *4,*0 90X • gƒ-X  4,  -X  90, • g„5, 4,* , ,*,  )*, 90X, • gZ' )*) +, • g…†**h+ , • *+ 0') 90) +, • g*+ 0')  +*,,090) +, • g*+ 0') +*,,090) +, • ‚50, • ‚gI0,9,) • ‚gZ+0> ,  , • ‚g‚),99090X • ‚gI0**, • ‚gƒI0 +  • ‚g„‡0 , • ‚gZ,00 , • ]9* , • ƒ-, • „=h* 00 , [edit] Các phương trình của động lực học chất lưu 8c S S 6 '#-9  0h+,2./ '0"1<0!0 0O6 +/ )c [0,"6 70!% ',"6 / '0!% ')C ; #-0 *++ +2 #+o '!%C ! 0OG U.-X 4S)d / '#--X ˆ,5 ^X9 Z 224,"6  : '0!% '#+o '!%C !$ 0OG <4S [/ '0"1 #-*+) +,22g-H ' )!%"*c F1zd #-0,,0+ ,24!% C 6* 'F10!% 't#-> ++ ,24; !F '7 '#-' *0*04)2g 8j '!%dm #-h*,,2x 'p '$ 0y4O )d ]) 0,#-]) 0, * ,**+2g -' H 'Sn*c <0!!%'6 0J giả thuyết về thể liên tục (Nd: continuum assumption)g8<0!'L+J t+4D+4& 44&4Od* g) c '6 )C4Sd0c ih+ !<0!00c iF 0*v*DgE\/;  !0w*1 ' ,< [/44O 7!%h+ !0#-* 2!%h f  'R7#- X009 2nd+ P04!%'6 0)z0c id+ )C d+g5"O *x '<0!!%0+x 'J t*v*DU0vfP>#-' *2g 8<0!+.O+Td0+/d0c iY 'GU  \#- ‰ ,,24\4O 7+ P,4&4O 7 , '#-40,,+00 *0 ,9 0'2!F '*U / '0!% '<0!-X 0!F '*U -4*5,+0 +/O%)C ; #-  0 *2.!F '*U 4J #-99* 0> ,2+ +Y6l '6).+/<0!+G ',<fG '0"#-,*,,2. \i/+/)C ;  4) /#-'* ,24O 74,<g8!F '*U Y '!%F '6 \#-  ,+092 )Y '\+/e'6D '\ '#-0,9*+,0 2 '4O).)C j '/4S,",ti '* '$/ '0"18<0!$[  #-8+ 0I0E) +,2g 8!F '*U \d!%F '6 \+/,7+<6j 'S0+j 'm'6F g W* ',7j 'e / '0"1<0!;%!%'6nD '\ '#-  0,9*+2g -'!F '*U 6 70!% '/ '0!% '4 : '0!% '*+/!F '*U  [/ ' 0"14S*D '+,< !+/+.C ,7/ '0"1<0!U !%lPd *Š +/  #-+00),9)*0+?+U Y h +/D d'jm1F 4UJ )>gZU 1o '6d2gZ/4;i4SS ),r 0!F '*U *D ';0y!n '#-*9',> 9,2  * '\p0,<‹#-U  ! )10_*Y`20w*1 '#- ,)2R u 0x ',7;#- ', , 2M070!% '+0#-+0*+,,24T0 [/g [edit] Dòng chảy nén được đối với dòng chảy không nén được (Nd: Compressible vs incompressible flow) <6<0!S\d e !%C  '+" \\0*x ')z4S,<) [/,r'J)*)z4Sw*1 'g) c * ' S*!v '%#-, ,2) z4S,<4 [/0. PC  Œ+)z4Sw*1 '0Y ' 'd#- ',  *,,* +***,99 0),+00 ',  ,)* '0'0?(U  ! j '*J )6p '<*j_,ggg`2g* '*!v '% )l '6)\d!%" '+Y U #-+02 !+/l '6)Y ' e !%gZTf-CY '#-†*X,2 !F '*U l '6)\d e z '>F #-+*' *026!%p 'g WS+T 1; Y 'd e !%!%dm x ' \*x 'w*1 '#- ,)?+U  G: : 4S )g8\i+W[+*<' 4& )\0_+O/`_w*1 '`4_7 0!% '*c '`* '\_w*1 '`4&_70!% '*c '`l _+O/`U+U Y '*Šg80D 6*d C 'W[*Lg8Gh+ !0_w*1 '`gZU  '0+C '>g8\'U,t/+U  {2‹.+/+6 <0!Y ')z \)d * '*!v '6)#-90X902G0 #-gg?,2  * '\EfEt0D+"#-,, 0*442+0z 'D+*c '470! #-X,,+900  44*44,2g5"* '/f5"!• 'e#- ,* 2 z, ' )F '6 \!F '*U Sw #-'4*  '> ,2T[* '*!v ' %<0!\+/w*1 'L ' <#- 9*+ ,)2g 8l '6)#-90X2.;dh 0 c p '/ '0"1<0! e !%) Y ' e !%,7Z#-Z +*2.l '6)6!% 'f0!% ''#-, 402g-!+/!& 'u YfP ' '#-‡,*''2[G '\d e !% #-+*,,099,2\d!%P>#-' *2n,7Z+!&6 '‚g8 <0P '4['6 4S; Y ' e !%\[0")Y 'Up)/4/;  .<0!#-X* +*,,0,,+ ,40 , 90**,2#+/ )c [0,<4 [/&D .<0!#-,900)*0*,,*  +**990224S[ .l '6)#,<l '6)"*n c ' 4&,< &D C +G #-X0,*0*,,*090X*,,*+,22g8  4SJ+ #-‡,*0+,20Y lP,"e#-00X '2; \d e !% ,\ 'J+0,\ ' e #-+*,, X4,2+'L+)z4S,<4w*1 '. +Y*!v '#-++2+>\j '0 *)S g [edit] Dòng chảy nhớt đối với dòng chảy không nhớt (Nd: Viscous vs inviscid flow) 8  &#-4,,20 H ' +* '\+,.<0!\[G ' ' d0c ,")d / '.<0!g 57]) 0,+0+/w0[fw,7#-*2'H0"> ; 4 &#-X  *0  4,,9*,2\d!%p 'd0!% ''h+!F '*U  &)Y ' &#- 4,2 0;%4& g#-_ &`)_/ &`+0J )4O0yC 'W[p '\4M !0+ 0c !n 'C /Y*F GY '6/6 *n)/+,g8\0rj 'F 0_,[`_, `) _/,[`_/, `g* 'd _4,,`o '\ 'R0_,[`g) c 4UQ0*)S 7 ' c   < O 4O)2 El '6)5,0l '6)n,7]) 0,*<<ReŽŽC  Œ+0"> ; \d !%P>,4&0" &f,[#-4,,9*,2g $70O0D#-†  **)2,7]) 0,w**x '0"> ; 0 'dF  0" &#+,2#-4,,#9* 29*,2gE\j '\d'6 0l '6)0+/l ' 6)Y ' &#- 4,90X2+/,"h<hw+n\j 'P>/ &  ,4& O 'H> ; #-+* *0*+,2g •!n ' )\dj ',7]) 0,0#-, X*9*0)X00X  ]) 0, +*,'2g) c   \#-* 2 !0 +'L+ * '&* #-,0 *,2\dlP0/ &!%'L+4g$/ &!v 'Y ' dP>n' * '&S[ Y '*!%#- ,0  2\d, *+/4p ' +P '7/C D '0& #- *' 90*',* *2#+!%C !0&c f0&*  '&#- *)0)*22+: '!v '[G 'O+;.+/0!% '/ & P4\, * ; h)#-4*)2gE\d;  0""#- 9*,2*c 4Od# !0  2j ' c p '!F '*U l '6) &g-!!%+ 1n '0y#- *h2ˆ‡0+*+/4Od* '+/<0!Y ' &,rY '*6>0"6  #-X00 h*  *'9*2g8!F '*U ck 4Sl '6)Y ' &0!F '*U  =0*gZ/+YU !v '!%p 'T[* '/ '0"1<0!+); 0p ' !F '*U =0*h4Od#-X)9*+)24!F '*U 0&* '&+, O/ &* '+/4p '+' 4&4Odg 8!F '*U =0*\d!%•+4&+/l '6)#-  '*0 ' ,*+0 2d\!%#-'2!F '*U * 00gsl '6)#-90X20Y 'h)#- ** 024Y ' &n F!F '*U * 00\d!%p ',7>*!v 'l ' 6)#-*'90X902g8l '6) !C!%'10l '6)C#- 0 90X,?C0C @2g [edit] Dòng chảy ổn định đối với dòng chảy không ổn định (Nd: Steady vs unsteady flow)  5"'60O.)/ '0"1.; <z  ])0'V)0*€• s<6D+v' #-+*44,2.+/*!v 'l '6)SC +<l ' 6)!%h+ !0+/dòng chảy ổn địnhgEl '6)*D 'z  wC S[ +n\ /; .<0!n+/d+* '[7 'Y ')z>v' g-CY '#- †*X,2l '6)!%'10Y 'z  gW[+/l '6)*c '[0z  )Y 'z   #-**0*90X,,)* ,)2\dp)4 '+C#-9*+9 *9* 2!%1 gW;il '6)0&fC #-0+ *90X2*c f>#-4*2+/7 0z  * ' '+C+7 74&7g* '+/ '+C+7  74&+/l '6) S f;,#-'* 90X2l '6) )0Y 'z  g 8l '6)Œ 0D f/ h)#-*0 20Y 'z  4S+T  'R#-) 9  2g) c +/l '6)/ h)\d0R D4S+T7 'c#-,,00) , *)2gN€‚• *!v ' 'u c #-* +902U#xt20R D4S+T7 'c C<6,"7 'c #-,,,2S<C !&+/,")d 4Sv' #- *,9 +2g $S )D\ 'R0<6/; 7 'c0Y 'zv' g!v 'U *!v '* 'U #-+ 90207!% '!%> J+#-‘9 *,24 ) o 'Y 'z* '+/l '6)R D4S+T7 'cg 8l '6)z  !v 'mht0yfmŠ#-+**02F l '6)Y 'z   !F '"#- *X,,+0* ,)90X,2g8!F '*U Sw #- '4*  '> ,2.+/ z  \;F !F '*U Sw .p ' 0 +/S#v' 2+Y '0%i '; z  .*!v 'l '6)#-9,)*0+ 4 + , 0,,#+2 '4*  '> ,9,+*0+X ' 4 '9, ,,990X902g [edit] Dòng chảy lớp đối với dòng chảy cuộn xoáy (Nd: Laminar vs turbulent flow) 5"/ h)f," m/ '#-*0 20l '6)+!% cT; n,"  f," >)4l '#-**0 2)d / 'h)#-,24;  'u c #-* + ,,2 *Š* 'fdC gEl '6)+* '\," m/ 'Y '!%d0/U!%'100&fC  #-0+ *2g) c  c jy*x '#-K,0 X4*2w\,"[ [ . h)#-,2),"  UY ' < Cw*l '6) m/ '•[  !% ' )o '\d[ [ * 'l '6)0&gWS+T 1l '6) m/ '!v ' !%dm >+/,"J 0)]) 0,#-]) 0,+, 2+* '\l '6) J ; #-,* X  2z ',7.+/  * 'U 4+/   m0D #-,+9 4*'+   ** +  2g -'!v *x 'l '6) m/ '\d!%+Y67>,"p '!F '*U -4*V 5,g5"'60Ox ',7*"C#-E* +*0,+0 2#E-52+!%"*c  !F '*U -4*V5,0+4['60Ol '6) m/ 'n,7]) 0,46 0\d!%g8D C#-],* ,2Up)4Y ',<.+); +!%p '4;  [>6.O '6g8C>6.E-5p%4&H0[; '[+g (Cl '6)!%> J+#-9 *,2S\,7]) 0,>#-+ '274&E-5d0+/1 0"p '!%#-40 2€•d0DU *D 'Y ',< ;  4O c ,#-'4 ,9+ 0X*9* h9X,2g< Gh)#-90'402 +.0& d+ '+/ '!v#^’‚+2)d   F +f #+f,2S4!%>h'&D .,"'60OE-5#-,X00) 0+9E-5,+0 2 #]“*[2g8 +))4O 6# !0*c +/C‡*,‡‚) '2\,7 ]) 0,*[#"*c J) '. #-X '*22g$d'6 l '6)v " )+YU  m/ '#-*0 +0,2,r0+/S/#- ,,)2 !F '0\d<)*!&#-9*,09*2g8!F '*U -4*5,\,7* 'U  ]) 0,#-]) 0,4*'-4*V5,> ,2#]‡-52+!%C%4&4[" '+Y U  m/ '#-*0 +0 '2 '<+/+YU [G '.l '6) m / 'gZ/,"" '+YU  !C.)C '<,"*)S / '0!% 'z, 'nG ',< ]) 0,#-5+0 '+ 0)*4, 0++ +* ,9*)]) 0, ,*,,,2p," m/ 'o '': ',"*)S  [470!% 'gZ/!F '1#- +0')2G” 0,"'60Oh)0& #-0*'),+0 2#^=52T[* '0& 07f0&4P#-',2.,"'60Oh)*v#-),+0 2#E=52•+0+/," C%.,"" '+YU  m/ ']‡-54,"'60Oh)0& g [edit] Các chất lưu theo Newton đối với các chất lưu không theo Newton (Nd: Newtonian vs non-Newtonian fluids) $G '#-5*2K,-X Q<)G ',<47/C D '*<' 'o+/)C ;  4&<0!> / !C #-,XX,*,, *9,* *4*)0, 0 *0)*09*+ )9+0*90,?8J )>>{{{2 !0 !&4Y ';g8<0! -X  )!%" '+YU n+/[,7#-99 2+!%'10/ &+p)/ 4<0!)c [g ) c 4* ',74O0[ !0 o!F '#-+0, ,240D4Hh+: ' #-,0**,24+/,74O0[4 L4 &#-4,0,+*0,2#4gg++/,7< *p '%#-0)+*,22\ H '," htC D 'VG ',<không theo NewtonGDF  #-+*+0non-Newtonian,*,,,* 4*,2g84O0[ )'L+các chất lỏng dính (Nd: sticky liquids) !00h+O '4<Y*F f v #-0* ,2+!% 'c G* '+Y 1 0!C 1g [edit] Các dòng chảy hạ âm đối với transonic, siêu âm và siêu thanh (Nd: Subsonic vs transonic, supersonic and hypersonic flows) * ' Sl '6)*c *<fY '!v '#-**,*090X,2#4ggl '6). !& >+/7 '2h6)*n,7+< Sl '6)!%> J+* '"m #-+ )90X, 9*0 *,2#4gg* ';/ '0"12h6)*n #-'9* ,2.,7Z Z“)4!%> \#-* h,,92#l '6),cJ+2g8[ !% '+&h6)*n C/,7Z )#-,Z +**'+,2#4gg,\ 'h ';#-,X4,2 l '6),cJ+; <z  * , #-* ,  ,0)2* '+/C/#-*'+2 l '6)4&Z' x '," ht\1Y 'J x '#-  >0*++0 4*2+," \* 'l '6),c 24,"ht0y+Œ* ',7C/l ' 6) )+/*c '[0 Cg [edit] Từ thủy động lực học (Nd: Magnetohydrodynamics) Zi; .)/ '0"1 .)/ '0"10," 'c G+Y f ' #-+0,0 *),)24Sl '6). <0!u [ #-0*00)  '2* '*!v '[ g84;i4S<0! !C'L+)C!F '#-0,+,2+0D0P '#-0>+0,24 !&+7g8 !F '*U l '6)<0!!%'6L 'v4&!F '*U ZhX00.+Y [ 1 #-0*+' ,+2g [edit] Các môn khoa học tương tự khác (Nd: Other approximations) 8\+/,70& +Y !F '"\d\74& / '0"1<0!gW* ',7 +Y !%p 'zC F !%0[cc !&g • Tính tương đương Boussinesq (Nd: Boussinesq approximation)P> H ',"C c 4S w*1 ' 'D*4[; 0" z#-4* ,  ,)h00) ) 9*,2g-\!v '!%p '* ' 70!"#-9* 4 *0+,2+ n\)z4Sw*1 '0 Pg • Học thuyết chất bôi trơn (Nd: Lubrication theory)4dòng chảy Hele-Shaww,7 ;D #-,*20& .4p 'f+S f0R 4"#-+ 2d<)*x ' 6  \#-* *+,2* '!F '*U 0 P44U4O)\d!%P>g • Học thuyết thân mảnh khảnh (Nd: Slender-body theory)0+/!F '1#- +0')2+!%p '* ' l '6)5,d!&0!% '0"*c ) *!v 'l '6)> +/4Od+6 6 * '+/<0! &g • Các phương trình nước nông (Nd: Shallow-water equations)\d!%p 'd+Y6+/ 0&<0!!F '7Y ' &4&+/S+T"+* '\) /#'* ,2S +T0 Pg • Các phương trình Boussinesq\dG 'i '!%,\ 'S+T#-,*9X4,2 *c 0&<0!)F 44&/7#-,0,2S+T7F #-,*2g • Định luật Darcy!%p 'l '6)* '+Y*!v 'h7#-*,+240+ 4[4&C ,7+!%; * 'U *c 4S*/ '0Œ#-X4*0,4*' 4*,4*0*X,2g • * '[7 '>)#-* ',),+,2tính tương tự quasi-geostrophic (Nd: quasi- geostrophic approximation)'6 +/,"J x ' ! 6#- 0+,*9 0 2'H) /,<#-*,,*'* ,240"8*0,g-\\;* '," 'c G4S/ '0"1;>)d #-+,*) +,2g [edit] Thuật ngữ học (Nd: Terminology) trong động lực học chất lưu s [+,<0* 'J+.," 'c G4S#-, *0,)926R 1<0! 4/ '0"1<0!gZ/,<\d!%L ' <\#- 92+1d+* '+/ 7<0!#-)9902<<4[<0!\\)d / ')Y 'g•,<\d !%x 'p '+/C#- *27 '* #-* 2/.) 'J #- +**)0+ 2) S!F ' g WO 'H#-5+9*+ 0')2+ C* ' 'c G/ '0"1<0!Y ' !%U+<)* '0R 4" 'c G!F '"g$T[4O 'H+!%p '* ' / '0"1<0!UY '!%p '* 'R 1<0!g [edit] Thuật ngữ học trong động lực học chất lưu không nén được 8 [+4S,< d#-0*,,*24,</ '#-) +*,,*2 6),  !F '*U * 004 'd* '," 'c G4S<6l '6)<0!#(,< ) Y '60,<y 'RU !v '#-,0, ,2•j 'Y 'd!%x ' p '+/C7 '* )/.) 'J 2g$d* ,"+FLS+ 'wC ,< * '/ '0"1<0! S'6p 'O 'H,<R #-,*,,*2dJ [ \4&,< d4,</ 'g•,<R '7 '[4&,<4\d!%L ' <\ +1d+* '+/*!v 'l '6)<0!g * 'Aerodynamics (Nd: Khí động lực học)^g3g80 )4C€ƒ•Để phân biệt nó với các áp suất toàn thể và động, áp suất thực của chất lưu, mà không liên quan đến sự chuyển động của nó mà với trạng thái của nó (Nd: which is associated not with its motion but with its state), thường được chỉ đến như áp suất tĩnh, nhưng ở nơi mà thuật ngữ áp suất được dùng một mình, nó chỉ đến áp suất tĩnh này. Z/d+* '+/l '6)<0! F+l '6)QC d ' '0D#-‡  90 90XX*90X,+*,2#G07/0x ',7Y '+CO 4&4Od*  \+ !% j '* 'l '6)<0!2\+> *1 'T[#-,9,0,' 9 2g-\ > *1 'C  Œ+#-K,9,+* 2 \!%+/c T[•+/d+p Q+fG1 'fU *[#-,'   2g•,<R nd+G1 '\y 'RT[4!% c .;  \•,<G1 '#-,'  *,,*2g* 'l '6)Y ' e !% ,<G1 'n+/d+G1 '0x '4&,< d* ',7*!v 'l '6)g [edit] Thuật ngữ học trong động lực học chất lưu nén được * '+/<0! e !% !0Y ';,<4w*1 '0C)Ch *D '. <0!g-' [+,< d#+o '!%C !,<G1 '2 [+4S [/ d#)G1 '24w*1 ' d#)G1 '2o 'C)C* '<U 'c G  4Sl '6)<0! e !%g$d* ,"+FLS+ 'wC  [/4w*1 ' S '6p 'O 'H [/R #-,+**24w*1 'R #-, ,)2g-[ /R '7 '[4& [/4w*1 'R '7 '[4&w*1 '?46\d!%L ' <\ +1d+* '+/*!v 'l '6)<0!g -[/4w*1 'n+/d+G1 '!%'10 [/G1 '4w*1 'G1 'g Z/,"CO !F '"o '!%"[ 4&/;  [/ '0"1.<0! e  !%g-S'6p 'O 'H 0) d#)G1 '24 *) d#)G1 '2g 8O 'H 0)R 4 *)R \4M !;Y 'i 'F  ! 'n F+j '!% p 'j '\ 'RY ''U#-)+   '+* 2 0)4 *)+/ !F 'G '4C 'HfS 7#-*9h2–R #-,2– '!%p 'd* ,"+FL4& !F 'G '#- **,2ˆ d#-02ˆ)ˆG1 '#-,'  2ˆ.j 'gE S[ l '6)ˆ dˆ!%  'Rn,"!<0!4S*D ' 'wd— '  *)#-), *00)* ' '90*,2 *) d#)G1 '2  'R0 0Y x '4& *)–R –g [edit] Cũng hãy xem [edit] Các lĩnh vực nghiên cứu • (1)Cf0y)C4SJ+ #-‡,*)2 • s;/ '0"1 • ;  L.;#-‡*0,)2 • ( 'Y '1#-‡* ,2 • $/ '0"1<0!+);  • 5"l '6) • ()C/ '0"1#-(+) +,2 • .)0"1#-()*0,2 • .)1#-()*0')2 • .)R 1#-()*,,2 • $[ .)/ '0"1#-=0*)*) +,2 • .)/ '0"1#-Z' )*) +,2 • ^!C 1#-]0')2 • ^!% 't.)/ '0"1#-˜ +)*) +,2 [edit] Các phương trình và các khái niệm toán học (Nd: Mathematical equations and concepts) • (1)C,\ 'Y ';#-‡*)X4*)2 • N!F '*U * 00 • $ 0y4O )d ]) 0, • N!F '*U  ‘+ V VZ ) • 5"!F '!F '#-*h+ 2,, ,>#/ z2 • 5"!F '!F ',, ,>#,\ ' !&2 • 8 0O6  • 8!F '*U =0*#/ '0"1<0!2 • $ 0OE*) • •,</ '#-E) +*,,*2 • R 1<0!#-I0,,2 • 8 0y(0+0‰ • 8!F '*U s*99 • N!F '*U Z  ' • N!F '*U 7 ”f6#-Z0,0> 2 • N!F '*U Z*,  • 8!F '*U -4*V5, • El '6)†,  • $ 0ON,0 • $ 0ON,00 • El '6)C#-N 090X2 • •,< • •,<R  • $,<#-N*,,*2 • 8!F '*U =0*)C!F '7#-]04,2 • 5"J 0)#-+, 2]) 0, • El '6)5, • (+l '6)5,#-5,,*+9  2 • (+l '6)#-5*+9  2 • 8,*+0 ,*0 40  [edit] Các loại dòng chảy chất lưu • 5"D '#-84 ?U  !\0c > C  '!0Y540.-'2 • El '6) e !% • El '6)8 • El '6)J t"#-I*+00*90X2 • El '6)Y ' e !% • El '6)Y ' &#-K 4,90X2 • El '6)— ' [#-K,*+090X2 • El '6)0&fC #-^+ *90X2 • El '6)c n#-†  090X2 • El '6)G<#-5 *)90X2 • ([ !% ',c0P '#-5*90)2 • 5cJ+#-5*, 2 • El '6) <v#-* , 90X2 • * ,  • El '6) m/ '#-*0 90X2 • El '6)#-X,90X2 [edit] Các thuộc tính của chất lưu • w*1 '#-E ,)2 • E ,; <z  .)/ '0"1 • 8<0!-X  • 8<0!Y '-X  • 5G: 'S+T • $/ &f,[f, f )#-W,,)2 • •,<)F#-W**,,*2 • ([,7 e #-8+*,,0)2 [edit] Các hiện tượng của chất lưu • ^&c #- *)0)*2 • ([G '8 #-8 99?\0c > &+/0D '+0D)x '  DJ .-'!%h+0p ',G '!v[>6F ,4&p 'J 4Y '!v 'g 8\x ', 'Cp '[G ' )#}'0N 5*22 • N 70!#-8 4 00?@2 • $//i#-8 4*' 2f*D '0!• 'a#-9* 2 • #^"26 #-E*'#9*22 • ; z  .)/ '0"1 • #^"2 J '#-^9#9*2? +))\ <C60Ln+T*c )  '+\ <C60Ln+T!&)Y '@2 • 8,\ 'S+TD!F ' • 5\ '],,) • 5\ 'h ';#-5X42 • 50  • 5,*9 • 5" m/ '#-*0 2 • ([G 'W * • El 'h)# W*h2 • ; h)#-W*)2 • j !&#-*++*2 • ^"6 ,\ '#-4*'2 [edit] Các ứng dụng • ™+1 • s;/ '0"1 • s1 >)d #-8*),*, ?@2 • -: '0!% '<0!#-I0X*2 • Z)+\.)0"#-()*0+ *)2 • s;!% '1#-Z*0')2 • sC *j '6#--40**?Dd0 ' \ '@2 [...]...• • • • • Hải dương học (Nd: Oceanography) Vật lý học plasma/ huyết tương (Nd: Plasma physics) Khoa học về khí nén (Nd: Pneumatics) Máy bơm/ bơm (Nd: Pump) Slosh dynamics [edit] Linh tinh/ lặt vặt (Nd: Miscellaneous) • • • • • • • • Các ấn phẩm (Nd: publications) quan trọng về động lực học chất lưu Đẳng diện (Nd: Isosurface; ?) Số Keulegan–Carpenter Bồn xoay... Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization • Contact us • Privacy policy • About Wikipedia • Disclaimers • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Hết rồi sao??? Khủng khiếp quá!!! Dù sao môn học mà mình yêu thích nhất vẫn là Biếng học :-D Dịch xong: 20:18, 10-10-2010 Chúc mừng Nghìn năm Thăng Long – Hà Nội!!! ... Chemical physics · Condensed matter physics · Econophysics · Electromagnetism · Geophysics · Mechanics (Classical mechanics • Continuum mechanics • Quantum mechanics • Fluid mechanics • Optomechanics • Thermodynamics) · Nuclear physics · Optics · Particle physics · Quantum field theory · Relativity (Special relativity • General relativity) Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_dynamics" Categories: . '#-I0**)2 8F1G'Q)#-I**+ ,2 Cơ học chất lưu (Nd: Fluid mechanics) 8<0!#-I0,2 R 1<0!#-I0,,2B Động lực học chất lưu 5G: 'S+T#-5*9. '/)S@@@2 * '4O0y1 động lực học chất lưu 0+/+Y 1 #-,,0 2.F1<0!+ '6>)Cdòng chất lưu (Nd: fluid flow)V+Y 1". 'Aerodynamics (Nd: Khí động lực học) ^g3g80 )4C€ƒ•Để phân biệt nó với các áp suất toàn thể và động, áp suất thực của chất lưu, mà không liên quan đến sự chuyển động của nó mà với trạng

Ngày đăng: 31/07/2014, 21:20

TỪ KHÓA LIÊN QUAN

w