English Grammar Course - part 7 doc

Sentence elements and their meanings 2Semantic Roles of the Subjectagentive recipientaffectedinstrumental locativetemporaleventiveIT She opened the door... Sentence elements and their me

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Chapter VII The Simple Sentence

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Clause Types 1

Clause types Clause Elements

Obligatory vs Optional

Clause types

Clause types transformed

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Clause Types 1

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Clause Types 1

Clause types

Obligatory clause elements are those which are required

for the complementation of the verb

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Clause Types 1

Clause types

I put the book on the table (SVOA) vs I put the book.

He resembled his father (SVO) vs He resembled

(Sometimes) she sings (beautifully)

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Clause Types 1

7 Clause types

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Clause Types 1

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Clause Types 1

(S + Vpass + [A])

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Clause Types 1

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Clause Types 1

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Let's check 1

Which clause type does each of the following

sentences belong to?

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Let's check 1

1. SVC He’s getting angry

2. SVA He got through the window

3. SVO He’ll get a surprise

4. SVOC He got his shoes and socks wet

5. SVOA He got himself into trouble

6. SVOO He got her a splendid present

One verb can belong to a number of different classes.

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Sentence elements and their meanings

2

Semantic Roles of the Subjectagentive

recipientaffectedinstrumental

locativetemporaleventiveEmpty It

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See more in 7.9 - 7.13

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Sentence elements and their meanings 2

locativetemporaleventiveIT

She opened the door

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This key can open the door

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The door opens

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She has a new shirt

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This room accommodates 20 people

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Tomorrow is my birthday

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The meeting ended successfully

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locativetemporaleventiveEmpty IT

It’s wonderful to meet you

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We opened the door

He invented the telephone

We passed the building

Semantic Roles of the Object

affectedeffectedlocative

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Semantic Roles of the Object

affectedrecipient

We paid him a visit

We gave him some money

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Sentence elements and their meanings2

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Semantic Roles of the Complement

Current attributeResulting attribute

We found the room empty

They left the room empty

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Concords 3

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Concords 3

Grammatical Concord Subject - Verb

Subject - ComplementSubject - Object

Pronoun

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Concords 3

Pronoun

SUBJECT sing/plur  VERB sing/plur

This dish is dirty/ These dishes are dirty

SUBJECT (clause)  VERB sing

What they are doing now is my concern

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Concords 3

Pronoun

The child was an angel

The children are angels

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Concords 3

Pronoun

He injured himself

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Concords 3

Pronoun

The boy likes his toys

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Concords 3

Notional Concord Nominal clause

Collective noun

None

The verb agrees with the

idea of plural rather

than the actual

singular form of the noun

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Concords 3

Collective noun

None

What he says isn’t true

(= The thing he says isn’t true)What they like best are tea and coffee

( The things they like…)

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Concords 3

Collective noun

None

The cabinet are having a rest

(All members of the cabinet…)

The cabinet has reached an agreement

(The cabinet as a whole)

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Concords 3

Collective noun

None

None of the students like Grammar.

None of the cheese is fresh.

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Concords 3

Existential sentence with ‘there’

Either… or

The verb tends to agree

with whatever noun or

pronoun closely precedes

it, instead of the head

word of the subject

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Concords 3

Either… or

One in ten take drugs

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Concords 3

Either… or

There are two chairs and a desk there.

There is a chair and two desks there.

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Concords 3

Either… or

Either my brother or I am to blame for the error.

Either the teacher or the students need to do this.

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Concords 3

Concord with coordinated

subject representing a single entityCoordinated subject

When the NPs refer to the same

thing/ person

normally takes

a plural verb

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Concords 3

subject representing a single entityCoordinated subject

thing/ person

The hammer and the sickle was flying on top of the building

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Concords 3

subject

Coordinated subject representing a single entity

thing/ person

His lawyer and former college friend, Max Weber, was with

him at his death

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 Exercises 98-106 (Workbook)

 Handout week 5

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