Giao thức định tuyến - Chapter 5 pot

RIP version 1 Routing Protocols and Concepts – Chapter 5 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 1 Objectives  D esc ri be th e f u n c ti o n s, c h a r ac t e ri s ti cs, a n d ope r a ti o n escbe eucos,caacescs,adopeao of the RIPv1 protocol.  Configure a device for using RIPv1. Configure a device for using RIPv1.  Verify proper RIPv1 operation. f  Describe how RIPv1 per f orms automatic summarization.  Configure, verify, and troubleshoot default routes propagated in a routed network implementing RIPv1.  Use recommended techniques to solve problems related to RIPv1 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 2 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public RIP Historical Impact  RIP evolved from an earlier p rotocol p developed at Xerox, called Gateway Information Protocol (GWINFO).  With the development of Xerox Network System (XNS) GWINFO evolved into System (XNS) , GWINFO evolved into RIP.  It later gained popularity because it was im p lemented in the Berkele y Software py Distribution (BSD) as a daemon named routed (pronounced "route-dee", not "rout-ed").  Recognizing the need for standardization  Recognizing the need for standardization of the protocol, Charles Hedrick wrote RFC 1058 in 1988, in which he documented the existing protocol and specified some improvements specified some improvements .  Since then, RIP has been improved with RIPv2 in 1994 and with RIPng in 1997. IPv6 form of RIP called RIPng (next generation) is ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 3 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public RIPng (next generation) is now available RIPv1  RIP Characteristics –A classful, Distance Vector (DV) routing protocol (DV) routing protocol –Metric = hop count – Routes with a ho p count > 15 p are unreachable –Updates are broadcast every 30 seconds 30 seconds –The data portion of a RIP message is encapsulated into a UDP segment with both a UDP segment , with both source and destination port numbers set to 520. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 4 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public RIPv1 RIPv1  RIP Message Format  RIP header - divided into 3 fields RIP header divided into 3 fields –Command field •REQUEST (1)- Request either a partial or full table update from another RIP router. •RESPONSE (2) - A response to a request. –Version field • 1or2 • 1 or 2 –Must be zero •Must be zero" fields provide room for future ex p ansion of the p protocol.  Route Entry - composed of 3 fields –Address family identifier •CLNS, IPX, IP etc. – IP address ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 5 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public –Metric RIPv1  RIP Operation –RIP uses 2 message types: Request message - This is sent out on startup by each RIP - This is sent out on startup by each RIP enabled interface Requests all RIP enabled neighbors to send - Requests all RIP enabled neighbors to send routing table  Response message Response message -Message sent to requesting router containing routing table ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 6 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public containing routing table RIP 1 RIP v 1  IP addresses initiall y divided y into classes - Class A Class A -Class B CC - C lass C  RIP is a classful routing protocol -Does not send subnet masks in routing updates ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 7 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Common RIP confi g uration issues g RIP and IGRP:  Classful network statements only  IOS will take subnetted networks but will translate it into the classful network for the running-config. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 8 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public RIPv1 RIPv1  Administrative Distance –RIP’s default administrative distance is 120 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 9 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Basic RIPv1 Configuration  A typical topology suitable for A typical topology suitable for use by RIPv1 includes: - Three router set up Three router set up -No PCs attached to LANs Uf5difftIP - U se o f 5 diff eren t IP subnets ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 10 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public [...]... the static default route in RIP update ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 31 Default route with RIP Centre#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, Gateway of last resort is not set Mobile#sho ip M bil # h i route t Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, R 192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.1,... Centre(config)#router rip Centre(config-router)#default-information originate Centre#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, * - candidate default , , Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0 C 172.16.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0 R 9 68 0/ [100/ 857 6] a 9 68 , 00:00:22, Serial0 192.168.4.0/24 [ 00/ 85 6] via 192.168.2.1, 00 00 , Se a 0 R 192.168 .5. 0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.2.1, 00:00:22,... Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 12 Verification and Troubleshooting Show ip Route To verify and troubleshoot routing -Use the following commands: -show ip route -show ip protocols show -debug ip rip ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 13 Verification d T V ifi ti and Troubleshooting bl h ti show ip protocols command -Displays... interface command Used -Used to prevent a router from sending updates through an interface -Example: Router(config-router)#passive-interface interface-type interface-number ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 16 Verification and Troubleshooting Passive interfaces ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 17 Preventing routing... ti Router RIP Command –To enable RIP enter: -Router rip at the global configuration prompt -Prompt will look like R1(config-router)# ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 11 Basic RIPv1 Configuration Specifying Networks p y g –Use the network command to: -Enable RIP on all interfaces that belong to this network -Advertise this network in RIP updates sent to... “show ip protocol”? ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 14 Verification and Troubleshooting Debug ip rip command -Used to display RIP routing updates as they are Used happening ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 15 Verification and Troubleshooting Passive interface command Used -Used to prevent a router from sending... 0/24 [120/2] via 192 168 1 1 00:00:04 Serial0 192.168.3.0/24 192.168.1.1, 00:00:04, Mobile#sho ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, * - candidate default - RIP, Gateway of last resort is 192.168.1.1 to network 0.0.0.0 R 192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.1.1, 00:00:09, Serial0 C 192.168 .5. 0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0 R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1]... with source and destination ports of 52 0 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 33 Summary: Commands used by RIP Command Command’s purpose Rtr(config)#router rip Rtr(config-router)#network Associates a network with a RIP routing process Rtr#debug ip rip used to view real time RIP routing updates Rtr(config-router)#passive-interface fa0/0 Prevent RIP updates... going out an interface Rtr(config-router)#default-information originate Used by RIP to propagate default routes Rtr#show ip protocols pp ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 Enables RIP routing process Used to display timers used by RIP p y y © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 34 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 35 ... On the other hand, routers running link hand state protocols determine routes based on information in the link-state database Route filters have no effect on link-state advertisements or the link-state database link state database (Tony) Route filtering could have negative effect on the link-state routing protocol Using the passive interface command can prevent routers from sending routing updates through . use by RIPv1 includes: - Three router set up Three router set up -No PCs attached to LANs Uf5difftIP - U se o f 5 diff eren t IP subnets ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 10 © 2007 Cisco. divided y into classes - Class A Class A -Class B CC - C lass C  RIP is a classful routing protocol -Does not send subnet masks in routing updates ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 7 © 2007 Cisco. and  To verify and troubleshoot routing -Use the following commands: -show ip route show ip protocols - show ip protocols -debug ip rip ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 13 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc.