RIP version 1 Routing Protocols and Concepts – Chapter 5 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 1 Objectives D esc ri be th e f u n c ti o n s, c h a r ac t e ri s ti cs, a n d ope r a ti o n escbe eucos,caacescs,adopeao of the RIPv1 protocol. Configure a device for using RIPv1. Configure a device for using RIPv1. Verify proper RIPv1 operation. f Describe how RIPv1 per f orms automatic summarization. Configure, verify, and troubleshoot default routes propagated in a routed network implementing RIPv1. Use recommended techniques to solve problems related to RIPv1 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 2 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public RIP Historical Impact RIP evolved from an earlier p rotocol p developed at Xerox, called Gateway Information Protocol (GWINFO). With the development of Xerox Network System (XNS) GWINFO evolved into System (XNS) , GWINFO evolved into RIP. It later gained popularity because it was im p lemented in the Berkele y Software py Distribution (BSD) as a daemon named routed (pronounced "route-dee", not "rout-ed"). Recognizing the need for standardization Recognizing the need for standardization of the protocol, Charles Hedrick wrote RFC 1058 in 1988, in which he documented the existing protocol and specified some improvements specified some improvements . Since then, RIP has been improved with RIPv2 in 1994 and with RIPng in 1997. IPv6 form of RIP called RIPng (next generation) is ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 3 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public RIPng (next generation) is now available RIPv1 RIP Characteristics –A classful, Distance Vector (DV) routing protocol (DV) routing protocol –Metric = hop count – Routes with a ho p count > 15 p are unreachable –Updates are broadcast every 30 seconds 30 seconds –The data portion of a RIP message is encapsulated into a UDP segment with both a UDP segment , with both source and destination port numbers set to 520. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 4 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public RIPv1 RIPv1 RIP Message Format RIP header - divided into 3 fields RIP header divided into 3 fields –Command field •REQUEST (1)- Request either a partial or full table update from another RIP router. •RESPONSE (2) - A response to a request. –Version field • 1or2 • 1 or 2 –Must be zero •Must be zero" fields provide room for future ex p ansion of the p protocol. Route Entry - composed of 3 fields –Address family identifier •CLNS, IPX, IP etc. – IP address ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 5 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public –Metric RIPv1 RIP Operation –RIP uses 2 message types: Request message - This is sent out on startup by each RIP - This is sent out on startup by each RIP enabled interface Requests all RIP enabled neighbors to send - Requests all RIP enabled neighbors to send routing table Response message Response message -Message sent to requesting router containing routing table ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 6 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public containing routing table RIP 1 RIP v 1 IP addresses initiall y divided y into classes - Class A Class A -Class B CC - C lass C RIP is a classful routing protocol -Does not send subnet masks in routing updates ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 7 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Common RIP confi g uration issues g RIP and IGRP: Classful network statements only IOS will take subnetted networks but will translate it into the classful network for the running-config. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 8 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public RIPv1 RIPv1 Administrative Distance –RIP’s default administrative distance is 120 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 9 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Basic RIPv1 Configuration A typical topology suitable for A typical topology suitable for use by RIPv1 includes: - Three router set up Three router set up -No PCs attached to LANs Uf5difftIP - U se o f 5 diff eren t IP subnets ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 10 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public [...]... the static default route in RIP update ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 31 Default route with RIP Centre#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, Gateway of last resort is not set Mobile#sho ip M bil # h i route t Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, R 192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.1,... Centre(config)#router rip Centre(config-router)#default-information originate Centre#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, * - candidate default , , Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0 C 172.16.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0 R 9 68 0/ [100/ 857 6] a 9 68 , 00:00:22, Serial0 192.168.4.0/24 [ 00/ 85 6] via 192.168.2.1, 00 00 , Se a 0 R 192.168 .5. 0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.2.1, 00:00:22,... Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 12 Verification and Troubleshooting Show ip Route To verify and troubleshoot routing -Use the following commands: -show ip route -show ip protocols show -debug ip rip ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 13 Verification d T V ifi ti and Troubleshooting bl h ti show ip protocols command -Displays... interface command Used -Used to prevent a router from sending updates through an interface -Example: Router(config-router)#passive-interface interface-type interface-number ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 16 Verification and Troubleshooting Passive interfaces ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 17 Preventing routing... ti Router RIP Command –To enable RIP enter: -Router rip at the global configuration prompt -Prompt will look like R1(config-router)# ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 11 Basic RIPv1 Configuration Specifying Networks p y g –Use the network command to: -Enable RIP on all interfaces that belong to this network -Advertise this network in RIP updates sent to... “show ip protocol”? ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 14 Verification and Troubleshooting Debug ip rip command -Used to display RIP routing updates as they are Used happening ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 15 Verification and Troubleshooting Passive interface command Used -Used to prevent a router from sending... 0/24 [120/2] via 192 168 1 1 00:00:04 Serial0 192.168.3.0/24 192.168.1.1, 00:00:04, Mobile#sho ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, * - candidate default - RIP, Gateway of last resort is 192.168.1.1 to network 0.0.0.0 R 192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.1.1, 00:00:09, Serial0 C 192.168 .5. 0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0 R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1]... with source and destination ports of 52 0 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 33 Summary: Commands used by RIP Command Command’s purpose Rtr(config)#router rip Rtr(config-router)#network Associates a network with a RIP routing process Rtr#debug ip rip used to view real time RIP routing updates Rtr(config-router)#passive-interface fa0/0 Prevent RIP updates... going out an interface Rtr(config-router)#default-information originate Used by RIP to propagate default routes Rtr#show ip protocols pp ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 Enables RIP routing process Used to display timers used by RIP p y y © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 34 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 35 ... On the other hand, routers running link hand state protocols determine routes based on information in the link-state database Route filters have no effect on link-state advertisements or the link-state database link state database (Tony) Route filtering could have negative effect on the link-state routing protocol Using the passive interface command can prevent routers from sending routing updates through . use by RIPv1 includes: - Three router set up Three router set up -No PCs attached to LANs Uf5difftIP - U se o f 5 diff eren t IP subnets ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 10 © 2007 Cisco. divided y into classes - Class A Class A -Class B CC - C lass C RIP is a classful routing protocol -Does not send subnet masks in routing updates ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 7 © 2007 Cisco. and To verify and troubleshoot routing -Use the following commands: -show ip route show ip protocols - show ip protocols -debug ip rip ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 13 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc.