ANH 10 UNIT 10

UNIT 10 CONSERVATION Week: Period: I Vocabulary A. READING Circulation(n) ,sə:kju'lei∫n Sự lưu thông Conserve(v) [kən'sə:v] Bảo tồn Constant(adj) ['kɔnstənt] Thường xuyên Damage(n) ['dæmidʒ] Thiệt hại Destroy(v) [di'strɔi] Phá hủy Disappearance(n) [,disə'piərəns] Sự biến mất Eliminate(v) [i'limineit] Loại ra Destruction(n) [dis'trʌk∫n] Sự tàn phá Erosion(n) [i'rouʒn] Sự xói mòn Grass(n) [grɑ:s] Bãi cỏ Hydroelectric dam(n) [,haidroui'lektrik] [dæm] Đập thủy điện Industry(n) ['indəstri] Ngành công nghiệp Loss(n) [lɔs] Sự mất mác Nature’s defence ['neit∫ə] [di'fens] Bảo vệ thiên nhiên Plant(n) [plɑ:nt] Thực vật Power(n) ['pauə] Điện Protect(v) [prə'tekt Bảo vệ Run off Chảy đi Save(v) [seiv] Cứu Soil(n) [sɔil] Đất Species(n) ['spi:∫i:z] Giống, loài Take away(v) Lấy đi Treat(v) [tri:t] Chữa trị Valuable(adj) ['væljuəbl] Có giá trị Variety(n) [və'raiəti] Sự đa dạng Vegetation(n) [,vedʒi'tei∫n] Thực vật, cây cối Worsen(v) ['wə:sn] Làm tệ hơn B. SPEAKING Against one’s will(exp) Trái ý ai Endangered(adj) [in'deindʒə(r)] Có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng Image(n) ['imidʒ] Hình ảnh Imprison(v) [im'prizn] Tống giam Reconstrucstion(n) [,ri:kən'strʌk∫n] Sự tái xây dựng The wild(n) [waild] Môi trường hoang dã Risky(adj) ['riski] Mạo hiễm Sensitive(adj) ['sensətiv] Nhạy cảm Suffer from(v) ['sʌfə] Chịu đựng C. LISTENING Allow(v) [ə'lau] Cho phép Awful(adj) ['ɔ:ful] Khủng khiếp Camper(n) ['kæmpə] Ngừơi cắm trại Catch fire(exp) [kæt∫] ['faiə] Bắt lửa Forester(n) ['fɔristə] Người trông coi rừng Heap of leaves(n) Một đống lá Spread(v) [spred] Lan rộng D. WRITING Afterwards(adv) ['ɑ:ftəwədz] Sau đó Free(adj) Miễn phí Preparation(n) [,prepə'rei∫n] Sự chuẩn bị E. LANGUAGE FOCUS Blouse(n) [blauz] Áo sơ mi nữ Bread roll(n) [bred] ['roul] ổ bánh mì Cap(n) [kæp] Mũ lưỡi trai Carpet(n) ['kɑ:pit] Tấm thảm Coconut tree(n) ['koukənʌt] Cây dừa Organize(v) ['ɔ:gənaiz] Tổ chức Pad of paper(n) [pæd] ['peipə] Tập giấy Photograph(v) ['foutəgrɑ:f ; 'foutəgræf] Chụp ảnh Pollen(n) ['pɔlən] Phấn hoa Present(n) ['preznt] Mòn quà Report(v) [ri'pɔ:t] Báo cáo Serve(v) [sə:v] Phục vụ GRAMMAR A/ The rule of changing active into passive Active S + V + O Passive: S + Tobe + Vpp +……+(by O) B/ Kinds of passive voice in tenses I The simple present S + V(s/es) + O  S + am/is/are + Vpp….+ (by O) Example Mrs Ngoc teaches English English is taught by Mrs Ngoc II. The simple past tense S +V(v2/ed) + O  S +was/ were +Vpp ….+ (by O) Mrs Ngoc taught English  English was taught by Mrs Ngoc III. The present continuous tense S + am/is/are + V-ing + O  S + am/is/are +being + Vpp +(by O) He is reading a letter.  A letter is being read (by him) IV. The past continuous tense S + was/were + V-ing + O S + was/were + being +Vpp +(by O) Mrs Ngoc was reading a newspaper  A newspaper was being read by Mrs Ngoc V. The present perfect tense S + has/have + Vpp + O  S + has/ have + been + Vpp +(by O) They haven’t met her since last year.  She hasn’t been met (by them) since last year VI. The past perfect tense S +had + Vpp + O  S + had +been + Vpp + (by O) I had seen that film  That film had been seen by me VII. The simple future tense S + will/ shall + V +O  S + will/shall + be + Vpp +(by O) They will build a new school near my house  A new school will be built near my house (by them) VIII. Be going to S + am/is are + V-ing + O  S + am/is/are +going to + be+ Vpp +(by O) They are going to buy that house.  That house is going to be built (by them) IX. Modal verbs(MV) S + MV(may, can, could, ) + V-bare +O  S +MV +be + Vpp +(by O) My friend can answer this question  This question can be answered by my friend C. Notes: I. If after “by” are pronouns (him, her, us ) or common nouns(people) or indefinite pronouns( someone, nobody…), those should be omitted to avoid referring the doer. S - (By O) He  (by him) She  (by her) They  (by them) People  (by people) Someone  (by someone) Ex: A: They are building a school. P: A school is being built (by them) II. If there is an adverb of time in the active sentence, it is put after “by O” Ex: A: My parents are going to buy a car tomorrow . P: A car is going to be bought by my parents tomorrow. III. If V has two objects, one of them can be S. However the object of people is preferred Ex: A: I’m writing her a letter . O1 O2 P: She is being written a letter. P: A letter is being written to her. Exercise 1. Change the following sentences into the passive voice. 1. People spend a lot of money on advertising everyday …………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. We use this room only on special occasions. ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 3. Million of people watch this programmer. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. They are pulling down the old theatre. ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 5. A policeman is showing us the way to the post office. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. Shakespeare wrote Hamlet. ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 7. Someone switched on a light and opened the door. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 8. Why didn’t they mend the roof before it fell in? ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 9. They rang the church bells as a flood warning. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 10. Mary was typing the letter all day yesterday. ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 11. You must not hammer nails into the wall without permission. ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 12. We must do our homework now. ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 13. Somebody will meet you at the bus-station. ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 14. They will hold the meeting before May Day. ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 15. Dick has told the news to his sister. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 16. Somebody had slashed the picture with a knife. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 17. They are going to build a new school in our district. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 18. You should open the wine about three. …………………………………………………………………………………………… Exercise 2. Change the following sentences into active voice. 1. This place was designed by a French architect. ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 2. My car has been repaired by this machine. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. The milk is brought to my door by Tom. ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 4. The English test couldn’t be done by us. ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. Our salary is going to be increased. ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Exercise 3. Choose the best option to complete the sentence. 1. A new building _________________built near my school next June. a. would be b. can be c. will be d. shall be 2. This church _______________by a famous architect, David Brown. a. were designing b. were designed c. was designing d. was designed 3. I haven’t seen him ________________. a. many years ago b. for many years c. since many years d. last year 4. You should be aware that English people never like _______________ personal questions. a. asked b. to be asking c. being asking d. being asked 5. Flood _________ from heavy rain destroyed the cops in the region. a. resulted b. will result c. result d. resulting 6. English ___________in many parts of the world. a. speaks b. was spoken c. is speaking d. is spoken 7.A: What a beautiful dress you are wearing! B: Thank you. It __________especially for me by a French tailor. a. is made b. has made c. made d. was made 8. Today, many serious children diseases __________ by early immunization. a. are preventing b. can prevent c. can be prevented d. prevent 9. Many animals are ___________for their fur or other valuable parts of their bodies. a. killed b. died c. killing d. dying 10. Wildlife all over the world is in__________. a. risk b. danger c. threat d. death KEYS: 1.A lot of money is spent on advertising everyday 2. This room is used by us only on special occasion 3. This programmer is watched by million of people 4. The old theatre is being pulled down 5. The way to the post office is being shown us by a policeman (We are being shown the way to the post office by a policeman) 6. Hamlet was written by Shakespeare 7. A light was switched on and the door was opened 8. Why wasn’t the roof mended before it fell in? 9. The church bells were rung as a flood warning 10.The letter was being typed by Mary all day yesterday 11. Nails must not be hammered into the wall without permission 12. Our homework must be done by us now 13. You will be met at the bus- station 14. The meeting will be held before May Day 15. The news has been told to his sister by Dick 16. The picture had been slashed with a knife 17. A new school is going to be built in our district 18. The wine should be opened about three by you _______________________________________________________________ Week: General exercise of unit 10 Period: A. TU LUAN I.Supply the correct tense of the verb. 1. The baby doesn’t cry so much now but she (use to, cry)___________________ every night. 2. My parents first (meet)_________________ each other at the Olympic Games in 1982 3. When I came to visit her last night, she (have)_______________ a bath. 4. If gravity, the pull of the earth, is zero, everything (float) ______________________ II. Rewrite the sentence in the passive. 1. I will buy a computer next Sunday. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. Mr Snow hasn’t taught that course since 1985. ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 3. They are building a big hydropower plant in Son La. ……………………………………………………………………………………………. III. Reorder the words to make meaningful sentences. 1. need/ to/ animals/ we/ and/ protect/ forests. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. be/ held,/ on/ water/ by/ can/ the/ land/ vegetation. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. rapid/ many/ erosion/ causes / floods/ run-off/ and. …………………………………………………………………………………………… B. TRAC NGHIEM I. Choose the word in each group that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest. 1. a. bulb b. tomb c. black d. cab 2. a. about b. bomb c. climb d. comb 3. a. sea b. disease c. feature d. threaten II. Choose a word in each line that has different stress pattern. 4. a. cancer b. damage c. defence d. species 5. a. erosion b. variety c. especially d. animal 6. a. vegetation b. destruction c. reconstruction d. circulation 7. a. environment b. pollution c. conservation d. appearance III. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences. 8. Would you like _________ lunch with us? “Yes, I’d love to” a. have b. to have c. having d. had 9. What time is it?- I don’t know. I haven’t got ______ watch. a. a b. an c. the d. O 10. We live in ________ old house near ___________ station . a. a/the b. an/ the c. O/ the d. the/the 11. Hydroelectric dams in Vietnam have provided power …… millions of homes and businesses. a. for b. to c. with d. of 12. Many plants and animals can be used as medicine …… cancer, AIDS and other sicknesses. a. for b. with c. against d. by 13. The …… of forest is destroying the earth’s plants and animals a. lose b. lost c. loss d. loose 14. Without plants, most water would …… as soon as it falls a. run off b. run after c. run away d. run by 15. Many laws …… in nature’s defence a. are passed b. have passed c. are passing d. were being passed 16. Water …… most of the earth’s surface a. covers b. is covered c. being covered d. is covering 17. The situation is serious. Something …… before it’s too late a. must do b. must be done c. must be doing d. must have done 18. New York City/ found/ the Dutch/ 1642. a. New York City is founded by the Dutch in 1642. b. New York City was founded by the Dutch in 1642. c. New York City was founded for the Dutch in 1642. d. New York City was founded by the Dutch since 1642. 19. I don’t like people telling me what to do a. People aren’t liked telling me what to do b. What people telling me to do isn’t liked by me c. I am not liked telling what to do by people d. I don’t like being told what to do 20. plants/ species/ many/ animals/ be/ danger of extinction. a. Many species of plants and animals are in danger of extinction. b. Many species of plants and animals were in danger of extinction. c. Many species of plants and animals are danger of extinction. d. Species of plants and animals are in many danger of extinction. 21. Have the students be told about the changes of their timetable yet? a b c d 22. Man and most animals need a constantly supply of water to live a b c d VI. Read the passage below and choose one correct answer for each question. Many people still believe that natural resources will never be used up. Actually, the world’s energy resources are limited. No body knows exactly how much fuel is left. However, we also should use them economically and try to find out alternative sources of power. According to Professor Marvin Burnham of the New England Institute of Technology, we have to start conserving coal, oil and gas before it is too late and nuclear power is the only alternative. However, many people don’t approve of using nuclear power because it is very dangerous. What would happen if there were a serious nuclear accident? Radioactivity causes cancer and may badly affect the future generations. The most effective thing is that we should use natural resources as economical as possible. 23. How much fuel is left? a. no one knows exactly b. It will never be used up c. There is a lot of fuel d. Let’s use it as much as we would like 24 We should use coal, oil, and gas …… a. as much as possible b. carelessly c. as economically as possible d. all are correct 25. According to Professor Marvin Burnham, …… a. nuclear power is the only alternative b. we have to conserve coal, oil, and gas c. a and b are incorrect d. a and b are correct 26. According to the passage, using nuclear power is …… a. safe b. cheap c. interesting d. dangerous 27. Radioactivity from nuclear power …… a. are necessary to cure diseases b. the future generations do nothing with it c. alters a new kind of energy d. causes cancer and has bad effect on the future generations VI. Read the following passage and choose the best answer for each blank. Nowadays people are more aware that wildlife all over the world is in danger. Many (28) …… of animals are threatened, and could easily become extinct if we don’t make an effort to (29) …… them. There are many reasons for this. In some cases, animals are (30) …… for their fur or for other valuable parts of their bodies. Some birds, (31) …… as parrots, are problem is that their habitat – the (32) …… where they live – is disappearing. More land is used for farms, for houses or industry, and there are fewer open (33) …… than there once were. Farmers use powerful chemicals to help them grow better (34) ……, but these chemicals pollute the environment and (35) …… wildlife. The most successful animals on earth – human beings – will soon be the only ones left, unless we can (36) …… this problem. 28. a. marks b. more c. species d. forms 29. a. harm b. safe c. protect d. serve 30. a. hunted b. chased c. game d. extinct 31. a. like b. such c. or d. where 32. a. spot b. point c. place d. site 33. a. spaces b. air c. up d. parts 34. a. products b. fields c. herbs d. crops 35. a. spoil b. harm c. wound d. wrong 36. a. answer b. calculate c. solve d. explain . UNIT 10 CONSERVATION Week: Period: I Vocabulary A. READING Circulation(n) ,sə:kju'lei∫n Sự lưu. you _______________________________________________________________ Week: General exercise of unit 10 Period: A. TU LUAN I.Supply the correct tense of the verb. 1. The baby doesn’t cry so much. ___________for their fur or other valuable parts of their bodies. a. killed b. died c. killing d. dying 10. Wildlife all over the world is in__________. a. risk b. danger c. threat d. death KEYS: 1.A