On luyen tot nghiep thpt

Topic 3: Comparatives ( 6 periods ) I- Objectives - to help sts review all kinds of comparatives - to help sts practise doing exercises using comparatives II- Teaching aids: referencebook, board, chalk. III- Method: communicative IV- Presentation A- Theory. 1- Comparative ( so sanh hon ) S1 + V + adj ( short ) + er + than + S2 S1 + V + more + adj ( long ) + than + S2 Ex: She is smaller than me. They are taller than us. He is more beautifull than her sister. * We use “er” for two- syllable words that end in “- y” lucky luckier noisy noisier happy happier funny funnier easy easier heavy heavier ……. * We can use “er” or “more” with some two – syllable adjectives, especially: quiet, clever, narrow, shallow, simple,. Ex: It’s too noisy here. Can we go somewhere quieter / more quiet ? * These adjectives and adverbs have irregular comparative forms: good / well better bad / badly worse far further / farther 2- The structure with “ … as + adj + as ….” ( so sanh ngang bang ) S1 + V + as + adj / adv + as + S2 Ex: Tom runs as fast as me. Lan is as beautiful as Mai. He is as tall as me. 3- Superlative.( so sanh nhat ) S + V + the + adj ( short ) + est ( + N ) S + V + the most + adj ( long ) ( + N ) Ex: Nam is the most intelligent student in my class. This tree is the smallest in the garden. * Notes. easy easiest …… * Some adjs are irregular : good best bad worst far further / farther * We use “in” with places after superlative . Ex: What is the longest river in the world ? * We use “of” for a period of time after superlative. Ex:What was the happiest day of your life ? * We often use “present perfect” after a superlative. Ex: It’s the best film I’ve ever seen. * Sometimes, we use “most + adj” to mean “verry”. Ex: The book you lent me was most interesting. 4- Double comparison ( so sanh kep ) S +V + adj ( short ) + er + and + adj ( short ) + er. S + V + more and more + adj ( long ). Ex: She is fatter and fatter. They are more and more beautiful. The + adj ( short ) + er + S + V , the + adj ( short ) + er + S + V . The more + adj ( long ) + S + V , the more + adj ( long ) + S + V. Ex: The more colourful it is, the more beautiful the shirt is. B- Exercises. Exercise 1 : Complete the sentences with the adjs in bracket., using comparative. 1- They are ( tall ) their father. 2- I am ( thin ) her. 3- The boys ( talkative ) the girls. 4-You are ( lucky ) me. 5- This computer is ( slim ) that one. 6- Long’s hair style is ( modern ) Nam’s hair style. 7- This book is ( thick ) that book. 8- My house is ( large ) Minh’s house. 9- The weather to day is ( bad ) the weather yesterdasy. 10- His mother is ( old ) her mother. 11- Jessica is ( marvelous ) Rose. 12- Tim is ( handsome ) Jack. 13- He is not ( reliable ) his younger brother. 14- This room is ( narrow ) that room. 15- Vegetables which I’ve bought are ( fresh ) one in the fridge. Exercise 2: Complete the sentences with adjectives in bracket, using the structure “ as + adj + as ….” 1- Tom isn’t ( old ) he looks. 2- This city center wasn’t ( crowded ) this morning it usual is. 3- My dress is ( expensive ) my mother’s one. 4- Today it is not ( cold ) yesterday. 5- My salary is not ( high ) yours. 6- His mother is ( old ) mine. 7- The girls are usual ( studious ) the boys. 8- They are not ( clever ) their sisters. 9- The atmosphere in this company is not ( comfortable ) the atmosphere in my company. 10- The builing in the past is never ( high ) the building at present. Exercise 3: Complete sentences with the adjective in bracket, using superlative or comparative. 1- We stayed at ( cheap ) hotel in the town. 2- Our hotel was ( cheap ) the others in the town. 3- The United States is very large, but Canada is ( large ). 4- What’s ( long ) river in the world ? 5- He was bit depressed yesterday but he looks ( happy ) today. 6- It was an awful day. It was the ( bad ) day of my life. 7- What is ( popular ) sport in your country ? 8- Everest is ( high ) mountain in the world. It is ( high ) than any others . 9- We had a great holiday. It was one of the ( enjoyable ) holidays we’ve ever had. 10- What’s ( quick ) way of getting home from the station ? Exrcise 4: Rewrite the sentences, using “ the … the ” 1- The crowd became increasingly angry at the long delay. 2- The value of the picture depends on how famous the artist is. 3 -How well I sleep depends on late I go to bed. 4- I don’t spend much time with my family because I work so hard. 5- The trafic moves very slowly as more cars come in to the city. 6- How much you sweat depends on how hot you get. 7- The idea becomes less attractive as I think about it more. 8- How much petrol a car uses depends on the size of the engine. 9- It is hard to concentrate when you are tired. 10- The service of a hotel depends on how expensive it is. Exercise 5: Complete the sentences wit the expression from the list uing “ the…the ” more – more older – worse more – angrier warmer – more longer - more faster – more more - less more – more - less 1- ………… he drove, ……………. we laughed. 2- …… I live in this town, ………. I like it. 3- ……… I get, ………. my memory becomes. 4- …………. money he lost, ……… he got. 5- …………… I learn, ………… I forget and ……… I know. 6- ………… I get to know you, ………… I understand you. 7- ………… clothes she buys, ……… clothes she wants to buy. 8- ………… it got, …………… time we spend on the beach. Exercise 6: Match two halves. A B 1- The prices of petrol 2- The weather 3- It’s more and more difficult 4- The case seems 5- As he gets older, his health 6- Travelling by plane 7- He speaks English 8- We feel worried a- to get heavier and heavier b- becomes worse and worse c- are become higher and higher d- to find a job e- is now becoming colder and colder f- as the time to gets neare and nearer g- more and more fluently h- is more and more expensive Exercise 7: Complete the following sentences. 1- The more you study, …………………………………………………………… 2- The more ice cream he eats, …………………………………………………… 3- The more you have, ……………………………………………………………… 4- The older he got, the quieter ……………………………………………………… 5- The warmer the weather is, the more ……………………………………………. 6- The faster you drive, the more likely ……………………………………………. 7- The more you do morning exercise, the heathier ………………………………… 8- The earlier we start, ………………………………………………………………. Exercise 8: Complete the sentences, using “…as … as….” 1- I’m quite tall but you are taller. I’m not as tall as you. 2- My salary is high but yours is higher. My salary isn’t ………………………………… 3- You know a bit about cars but I know more. You don’t …………………………………… 4- It’s still cold but it was colder yesterday. It isn’t …………………………………………………… 5- i still feel a bit tired but I feel a lot more tired yesterday. I don’t ………………………………… 6- They lived here for quite a long time but we’ve live here longer.They haven’t ………………… Topic 4: Phrasal verbs. (6 periods ) I- Objectives + to help sts identify phrasal verbs anh understand its meaning in each situation. + to help sts use correctly phrasal verbs through doing exercises. II- Method: communicative III- Teaching aids: referencebook, chalk, board,… IV – Presentation A- Theory 1. The foundation of phrasal verbs Verb + preposition / adverb phrasal verbs. Ex: go on , take up , make up , turn up , turn down, … 2. The ways of identifying the phrasal verbs’ meaning. a- It has the same meaning as the original. Ex: go out : ®i ch¬i look at : nh×n th¼ng, nh×n ch»m ch»m go in : ®i vµo run out of : ®i ra khái fill in : ®iÒn vµo sit down : ngåi xuèng turn back b- It has the different meaning from the original, depending on the preposition or adverb following it. Ex: look after : tr«ng nom, ch¨m sãc break into : ®ét nhËp turn up : quay l¹i give up : tõ bá go away : ®i khái get over : vît qua, phôc håi 3. Some phrasal verbs in use. come about : xảy ra put away: cất đi come across: gặp tình cờ put down: đàn áp come along : tiến bộ put on: mặc quần áo come at : tấn công put up: xây dựng come back : quay về sit down: ngồi xuống come by : ghé thăm see off: tiễn đa come in : đi vào tell off: trách móc, khiển trách come into : bớc vào take account of = account for: chiếm khoảng come on : bắt đầu take away: mang đi come round : ghé thăm take down: ghi chép come upon : tìm thấy tình cờ take into account: quan tâm, xem xét = take for grant go in: đi vào take off: cởi quần áo go into: điều tra take on: đảm nhiệm go on: tiếp tục take place = happen = occur go out: đi ra, đi ra ngoài take up with: giao du, kết bạn go with: hợp , cùng với take up = continue go through( with): hoàn thành turn on: mở, bật (tv) go up: tăng turn down: vặn nhỏ, mở nhỏ go round: đi vòng, đi xung quanh turn off: tắt (tv) go down: đi xuống, giảm close down: phá sản look at : nhìn thẳng vào carry on: tiếp tục look into: kiểm tra, điều tra carry out : thực hiện look up: tra từ điển, tra cứu cut down: chặt ( cây ) look forward to: mong đợi get about : đi đây đó look back: nhớ về, nhìn về quá khứ get at: đạt đợc look after: trông nom, chăm sóc get through : vợt qua kì thi look down on: coi thờng get out : thoát khỏi, đi khỏi look in: ghé thăm get down : xuống xe look up to: khâm phục, ngỡng mộ get on : tiến bộ, lên xe look for: tìm kiếm get rid of : từ bỏ ask for: hỏi get up : thức dậy blow out: thổi get over : phục hồi catch up with: theo kịp, đuổi kịp give up : từ bỏ wait for : chờ đọi wake up: tỉnh giấc hurry up : nhanh lên B- Exercises Exercise 1: Complete the sentences below, using the right words from the box. on up in out after to off 1. I heard a big noise and woke . at 2.30 this morning. 2. Its too dark. I cant go reading. 3. Hurry . The trains coming. 4. Did you have to fill a form when you applied for ajob? 5. Who looks your grandmother when she is ill? 6. I cant hear the news on TV, please turn the radio 7. Im bored, could you go with me for a while? 8. Mary put her best clothes for the party. 9. Remember to put your shoes when you are in Japanese house. 10. Would you like to listen some music while waiting ? Exercise 2: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences. 1. Lan is an outstanding student. I look . Her very much. A. up B. upto C. at D. down on 2. They have cut . the trees in the garden to build a high building. A. on B. into C. away D. down 3. Yesterday I went to the airport to sse my friend. A. on B. at C. off D. of 4. The plane took 4 minutes ago. A. off B. up C. after D. on 5. You should give ……… smoking cigarettee. A. away B. up C. off D. in 6. I am watching a very interesting film. Can you turn ……… the volume of the radio? A. down B. on C. off D. back 7. They will put ………. The new road. A. on B. up C. down D. away 8. The teacher said to the boy “ can you go ………. reading the passage?” A. into B. through C. away D. on 9. The boy comes into the class silently and sit ………. without permission. A. down B. out C. on D. up 10. This words is strange. You have to look ………. . A. into B. down C. forward D. up Exercise 3: Each sentence has one mistake. Underline the mistakes and correct them. 1. Minh usually gets out at 5 o’clock. A B C 2. The company has no longer signed the contract. It closes up. A B C 3. I am looking at to hearing from you soon. A B C 4. She has never taken after the bad person. A B C 5. Can I turn down the TV ? There is an interesting film on the TV. A B C Exercise 4: Complete phrasal verbs with the correct particles or verbs. 1. I don’t know where my book is. I must look ……… it. 2. Fill …… the form, please. 3. The music is too loud. Can you turn … the volume, pleaase? 4. Quick, get ……… the bus or you’ll have to walk home. 5. Turn ………. the lights when you go to bed. 6. Do you mind if I switch ……… the telly? I’d like to watch the new. 7. The dinner was ruin. I throw it ………… 8. When you enter the house, take … your shoes and put some slipper. 9. If you don’t know this word, you can look ……………. it in a dictionary. 10.Jane and I want to ………… up smoking. 11.Could you …… me up at 6 o’clock ? 12.We miss ……. up or we’ll miss the bus. 13. In many countries, the pupils have to ………. up when the teacher enters the class-room. 14. I usually ………. up at half past six. 15.She advised me to ……… up smoking. 16. You are driving too fast. Please ……… down. 17. It was only a small fire and I managed to ……… it out with a bucket of water. 18. I was talking to the woman sitting next to me on the plane, and it ……. out that she works for the same company as my brother. 19. My alarm clock … off in the middle of the night and ……. me up. 20. We are still discussing the contract because the partner … with us. 21. There is no need to get angry. …………. down ! 22. Ok, you read out the phone number and I’ll jot ……… it. 23. That cheese in the fridge had gone off so I threw ……… it. 24. He doesn’t look like his father much but he takes …… him in the way he behaves. 25. Their compamy had gone bankrupt and they only set …… it two years ago. 26. Did you bilieve that story about along - lost brother ? No, not a word of it. I’m sure she was making ……… it. 27.I still don’t understand this word and I’ve just looked ………. It in the dictionary. Exercise 5 : Complete sentences with the phrasal verbs from the box. look up , turn down , give up , grow up , break down, look after, find out , go on 1. We’ll buy a smaller house when the children …………… and left home. 2. The computer isn’t working – it ………… this morning. 3. It was not problem.We ……… his number in the telephone book. 4. Who …… the cats when we go away on holiday ? 5. I ……. where he lived by checking in the local library. 6. My headaches have been much better since I ……… drinking coffee. 7. “What ……… here ? What are you doing ?” 8. I …… their offer because they weren’t going to pay me enough money. Exercise 6 : Write the verbs given in the box in the correct tenses or form to complete these sentences. Some verbs are used more than one. take set give grow slow turn 1.A: Can you …………… the TV off, please ? B : But it’s the football match. A : …… it down then. It’s too loud. 2. I …………. up in a small town and I got very bored. 3. He’s going to ………. up smoking. 4. The plane ……… off very quickly. 5. Helen …………. after her mother in many ways. 6. The car ……. down and then stopped. 7. We need to … off early tomorrow. 8. I have to …… this word up in my dictionary. Exercise 7: Complete each sentence using a phrasal verb that means the same as the words in brackets. 1. The football match had to be ……… because of the weather. ( cancelled ) 2. The story Kate told wasn’t true. She ………. ( invented it ) 3. A bomb ……… near the station, but no one was injured. ( exploded ) 4. How long are you going to ……… working ? ( continue ) 5.I’m afraid the machine has ……… . ( stopped working ) Exercise 8 : Choose one word or phrase – a, b , c or d – that best complete the sentences. 1. Shy people often find it difficult to ……… group discussions. a. take place b. take part in c. get on with d. get in touch with 2. They’ve …… a research project to investigate the harmful effects of air pollution. a. brought in b. taken on c set up d. turned down 3. Never ……… till tomorrow what you can do today. a. take over b. put off c. turn up d. turn over. 4. He ………. the boys for making so much noise. a. brought up b. put down c. took back d. told off 5. When it started to snow he ……… his overcoat. a. took out b. put off c. took off d. put on Exercise 9 : Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D. 1. The promoters called the concert ………. because the singer had a sore throat. A. away B. up C. off D. with 2. He easily sped …. the motorbike …. when he shifted to a lower gear. A. on B. off C. with D. up 3. The daughter looked …. her mother after her mom was sent home from the hospital with a broken hip. A. upon B. after C. on D. at 4. Why don’t you look …. This situation and see if you can figure out a way to fix it without spending too much money ? A. into B. on C. up D. out 5. My grandfather passed …. …when I was only six years old. He had lung cancer. A. out B. over C. away D. off 6. Kids have to walk fast if they want to … their parents on a stroll through the park. A. keep with B. keep up with C. in D. off 7. She kept …… taking the real estate exam until she funally passed it and got her license. A. on B. onto C. in D. at 8. Some men never grow …… . They act like little spoiled boys their whole lives. A. out B. on C. up D. over 9. If you are going to give…… smoking , you must have a lot of will power. A. awy B. up C. into D. off 10. We got … the train at King Cross Station and rode it to Darlington. A. on B. at C. to D. out 11. Let’s get …. on the bus at the next stop. We can visit the museum and catch another bus in a couple of hours. A. onto B. out C. in D. off 12. My car broke……. on the way to work . I had to call a tow truck. A. down B. up C. with D. at 13. Don’t through your jacket on the bed. Hang it … . A. up B. over C. on D. in Exer cises on R eadin g comp reh ensi on Exercise 1: Choose the item ( A, B, C or D ) that best answers the question about the passage. Man and most animals need a constant supply of water to live. Farmers need water for their crops. Hydroelectric dams hold back needed water and provide power for homes and industries. Trees and grass , and other plant life play an important part in the natural circulation of water , thus help conserve it. Without plants most water would run off as soon as it falls , taking away valuable soil. Rapid runoff would cause frequent floods, and leave little water during dry seasons. Nature has many ways of conserving and controlling water. But man often upsets the water balance in his desire to grow more crops. He drains ponds, swaps and wet land. He ploughs under the natural soil , cuts timber, and dredges and straightens streams. These changes reduce natural storage of water and speed runoff. Water can be held on the land by planting vegetation . Forests and grass should be planted where there are no natural growths. Dams built across rivers help hold back the water . Reservoirs behind the dams store water during wet seasons for use in dry seasons. Dams help prevent floods by controlling the flow of water. Note : to dredge = to make a river deeper. 1. What is the topic of the passage ? A. Water circulation B. Water conservation C. Controlling water D. Use of water. 2. What is the consequence of having no plants on land ? A. no water B. frequent floods C. dry crops D. valuable soil 3. Which is one of the ways that men do to affect the water balance ? A. shortening streams B. cutting down trees C. preserving water D. protecting ponds and swamps 4. What is NOT a natural way of conserving and controlling water ? A. ponds B. streams C. swamps D. reservoirs 5. What do people use reservoir for ? A. growing plants B. building dams C. storing water D. preventing floods. Exercise 2 : Choose the item ( A, B, C or D ) that best answers the question about the passage Conservation is the sensible use and protection of natural resources including plants , animals , mineral deposits , soils , clean water, clean air , and fossil fuels suc has coal , petroleum , and natural gas to ensure an adequate suply for future generations. Natural resources are grouped into two categories , renewable and nonrenewable. A renewable resource is one that may be replaced over time by natural processes, such as fish populations or natural vegetation, or is inexhaustible, such as solar energy. The goal of renewable resource conservation is to ensure that such resources are not consumed faster than they are replaced. Nonrenewable resources are those in limited supply that cannot be replaced or can be replaced only over extremely long periods of time. Nonrenewable resources include fossil fuels and mineral deposits , such as iron ore and gold ore. Conservation activities for nonrenewable resources focus on maintaining an adequate supply of these resources well into the future. 1. What is the purpose of conservation mentioned in the passage ? A. To make use of natural resources. B. To ensure an adequate supply of natural resources for furture generations. C. To replace renewable resource. D. To maintain an adequate supply of water for future. 2. The word “inexhaustible” is similar in meaning to : A. unlimited B. bottomless C. boundless D. never - ending 3. Natural vegetation is an example of : A. nonrenewable resources. B. the resource to feed fish populations C. the resource that may be replaced by natural processes. D. inexhaustible resources. 4. Conservationists work to ensur that : A. fish are consumed faste than fossil fuels. B. people consume resources more economically C. nonrenewable resources are consumed faster. D. renewable resources are replaced. 5. Gold ore is mentioned as : A. a kind of mineral B. a renewable resource C. an example of fossil fuels D. an adequate supply for furture. Exercise 3 : Choose the item ( A, B, C or D ) that best answers the question about the passage Air pollution occurs when wastes dirty the air. People reduce most of the wastes that cause air pollution. Such wastes can be in the form of gases or particles of solid or liquid matter. These substances result chiefly from burning fuel to power motor vehicles and to heat building. Industrial processes and the burning of garbage also contribute to air pollution . Besides, there are other pollutin substances that exist naturally in the air. They include dust, pollen , soil particles, and naturally occurring gases. The rapid growth of population and industry and the increasing use of automobiles and airplanes have made air pollution a serious problem. The air we breathe has become so filled with pollutants that it can cause health problems. It also harms plants, animals, building materials, and farbrics. 1. When does air pollution happen ? A. when wastes are in the form of gases. B. when people produce wastes. C. when people reduce wastes D. when wastes dirty the air. 2. What does NOT contribute to air pollution ? A. Industrial processes. B. The burning of garbage C. The natural existence of oxygen in the air. D. Motor vehicles 3. What are natural pollutants ? A. pollen B. vehicles C. garbage D. industrial processes. 4. What has made air pollution a serious problem ? A. the rapid growth of population B. the increasing use of automobiles C. the rapid growth of industry D. All are correct 5. What does the word “it” in the last sentence refer to ? A. the polluted air B. the burning material C. the health problem D. the plant and animal Exercise 4 : Choose the item ( A, B, C or D ) that best answers the question about the passage Throughout the United States, the number of places where people are allowed to smoke has gradually become smaller and smaller. First, it was banned on trains, buses, and planes, then in public places such as theatres and airports. Now you can’t smoke any workplace. Nonsmokers are definitely winning the battle. “Why should we breathe their smoke ?”, they say. If they are lucky, smokers can still find some bars and restaurants where they can light up a cigarette, but it may soon be banned there, too. Anti - smoking groups even think that smoking ought to be banned in people’s homes. Under new plans you won’t be able to smoke where there are more than ten visitors in a week, or where there are children. In 1996, nicotine was classed as drug, like cocaine or heroin. In the country that gave tobaco to the world, smoking might one day illegal. 1. Now you can smoke ………… but in the furture you can’t. A. on trains B. in theatres C. on planes D. in bars 2. “Why should we breathe their smoke ?” The word “their” in this sentence means: A. smokers’ B. other peoples’ C. nonsmokers’ D. visitors’ 3. Which of the following sentences is true according to the passage ? A. The number of smokers has become smaller. B. You can smoke in some bars and restaurants. C. You can smoke in your office. D. There are more places for people who want to smoke. 4. “Nonsmokers are winning the battle” means : A. there are more nonsmokers . B. there are more smokers. C. there are fewer places where people can smoke. D. there are more places wher people can smoke. 5. In the furture, smoking in ………. may soon be banned. A. bars and restaurants B. the country that gave tobaco to the world. C. large family’s homes D. all ofthese places. Exercise 5 : Choose the item ( A, B, C or D ) that best answers the question about the passage Most people can be healthy. Good health is not just an ideal, out of reach of the majority of people. Look around at your classmates and friends. Can you find a healthy person among them ? Of course you can. But what is a healthy person like ? You have heard the expression “the picture of health”. It brings to your mind someone who is bright and alert, who is good to look at because he is in good condition, and who enjoys life because he has enough energy and strength to take part in a variety of satisfying activities. A healthy person is free from disease. This does not mean this person has not been sick or will not be sick again. But a healthy person is not sick often or for very long. His body functions properly and protects him from disease. How does aperson become health and stay healthy ? The rules of good health are not hard to learn, and they are well worth following. Most of them can become habits which will stay with you throughout your life. 1. Which is the best tittle for the passage ? A. Good health is an idea. B. The rules of good health C. How to become healthy D. What is a healthy person ? 2. Which of the following details is NOT mentioned in the passage ? A. A healthy person is bright and alert. B. A healthy person has energy and strength C. A healthy person has an ideal D. A healthy person enjoys life. 3. According to the passge, which of the following statements is NOT true ? A. A healthy person is not often sick. B. A healthy person is not sick very long. C. A healthy person is free from every diseas. D. A healthy person is usually in good physical condition. 4. According to the author, a person can become healthy and stay healthy by : A. practising regular physical exercise. B. following the rules of good health. C. taking various kinds of vitamins. D. taking part in a variety of activities. 5. A healthy person is not sick often or for very long because : A. his body functions properly and protects him from disease. B. his body has a natural immunity. C. he has a big amount of white blood cells. D. he has a vast knowledge of diseases. Exercise 6 : Choose the item ( A, B, C or D ) that best answers the question about the passage The habits of those who constantly play video games are very important to people working in video - game industry. If video games are going to one of the most attractive features of future interactive systems, it is esential for producers to know what types of games to make, how best to present such games on interactive video, and how to ensure that such games maintain their fascination for people. Above all, it is vital to build up detailed profiles of people who are addicted to video games. Until recently, the chief market for video games has been boys aged eight to fifteen. The fascination for interactive video games is seen in its purest form in this group. Video games appeal to someone deep instinct in boys who find it impossible to tear themselves from them. Schoolwork is ignored, health is damaged and even eating habits are affected. Girls of same age, however, are entirely different, demonstrating far greater freedom from the whole of video games. Quite simply, they can take video games in their strike, being able to play them when they want and then leave them alone. 1. Producers of video games are keen on …………………… A. developing computer techniques in making such games. B. learning about drug to which people are addicted. C. designing ways to change their video games into television programs. D. finding the best ways of continuing to attract people. 2. The people who are most attracted to video games are ………… A. young adult women. B. girls between eight and fifteen. C. boys from eight to fifteen years old. D. supermarket assistants. 3. …………. have different attitude towards playing video games. A. Adult men and women. B. Girls and boys below eight. C. Girls and boys above eight. D. Boys and girls from eight to fifteen. 4. The addiction to video games can be so powerful that it can …………… A. make people relaxing B. destroy people’s instincts. C. separate boys from girls C. make peole physical ill. 5. Compared with boys of the same age, girls are …………. A. more addicted to video games B. more intelligent than boys. C. more concentrated on video games. D. less affected by video games. Exercise 7 : Choose the item ( A, B, C or D ) that best answers the question about the passage In America there is no national television as there is in some countries. All the stations are run commercially. Advertisers sponsor game shows, they interrupted the shows every few minutes to advertise the things they are selling. Television is criticized for its crime shows; actually there are many other special shows of real value. There are also educational television stations which are trying out new types of high quality programs. They give courses in foreign languages and in literature, which viewers can follow and even take examinations later.Some schools have a regular class on TV, such as science, several hours a week. 1.In America ………………………………………… A. there is no national television. B. there is a lot of national television. C. there is only one TV station. D. there are no TV viewers. 2. Which of the following statements is true ? A. Every school in America has classes on TV every week. B. Some schools state that TV is not useful in education. C. Some schools give students the lesson on TV. D. Some schools give foreign language courses on TV. 3. Which of the following statemnets is NOT correct ? A. There are many special shows on real value on TV. B. There are educational programs on TV. C. There is advertising on TV. D. There is a lot of violence on TV. 4. Why are the shows interrupted every few minutes ? A. To take a break. B. To advertise. C. To sell things. D. To help viewers relax. 5. In America, who sponsors game shows ? A. Educationists B. Viewers C. Sales managers D. Advertisers. Exercise 8 : Choose the item ( A, B, C or D ) that best answers the question about the passage. Parents whose children show a special interest in a particular sport have a different decision abot their children’ careers. Should they aloow their children to train to become top sportmen and women ? Foe many children it means starting very young and school wook, going out with friends and other interests have to take second place. It’s very difficult to explain to a young child why he or she has to train for five hours a day, even at the weekend, when most of his or her friends are playing. Another problem is, of course, money. In many countries money for trainnig is available from the government for the very best young sportmen and women. If this help cannot be given it means that it is the parents who have to find the time and the money to support their child’s development – and sport clothes, transport to competitions, spacial equipment, and etc. can all be very epensive. Many parents are understandably worried that it is dangerous to start serious training in sport at an early age. Some doctors agree that young muscles may be damaged by training before they are properly developed. Professional trainers, however, believe that it is only by starting young tat you can reach the top as a succesful sports person. What is clear is that very few people do reach the top and both parents and children should be prepared for failue even after many years of training. 1. This is from …………………… A. a letter B. an advertisement. C. a sports diary D. a newspaper article 2. What is the writer’s intention ? A. To inform about training. B. To discuss training method C. To give details about training cost D. To suggest a taining program [...]... them money of training B They give them overseas training C They give them sports clothes and special equipment D They give them good positions in the government 4 According to the passage ………………… A one can only become a top sportperson by starting young but it is very expensivs B one can only become a top sportperson by starting young and all parents are willing to spend their money and time on the... and mineral ores are (9)…… But the need for them is growing day by day To conserve them , we must use them wisely and look for (10)… materials 1 A to B for C of D about 2 A environment B environmental C nature D creature 3 A prevention B determination C conservation D conversation 4 A those B their C that D its 5 A No B None C Never D Without 6 A where B which C that D the 7 A for B up C after D... passage Conservation concerns man’s safeguarding and preservation of natural resources and his responsibility (1)… improving the (2)… conditions in which he lives An important task of (3)… is the prevention of waste – waste of forests, soil, minerals wildlife and human life Trees help to preserve land because (4)… roots behind the soil and retain water (5)…… trees, heavy rains will cause soil erosion and... spoke English (backshift) 2 Questions When transforming questions, check whether you have to change:     pronouns present tense verbs (3rd person singular) place and time expressions tenses (backshift) Also note that you have to:   transform the question into an indirect question use the interrogative or if / whether Type Example with interrogative direct speech “Why don’t you speak English?” reported... done your work well.”, said the teacher to me A The teacher told me I hadn’t done my work well B The teacher told me I haven’t done my work well C The teacher told me I hadn’t done your work well D The teacher told me I hadn’t done his work well 5 “This man spoke to me on the road.”, said the woman A The woman said that man had spoken to me on the road B The woman said that man has spoken to her on. .. - Types of Relative Clauses Look at these examples: The pupils who won the prize went to a school trip Only the pupils who won the prize went on a school trip The pupils, who won the prize, went to a school trip All the pupils won the prize 3.1- Defining relative clauses : are used to specify which person or thing we mean * We don't put commas between the noun and a defining relative clause * Who... IS lying on the roof ? Do you see the cat lying on the roof ? * If the verbs in the relative clauses are in passive voice , we use past participle to replace relative clause Ex : The house which was built in 1934 is in bad condition The house built in 1934 is in bad condition 4.2 – Relative clause replaced by “ to infinitives” When there are some phrases such as “the first / second / … the only / the... phone me * Note : Unless = If … not 2 Conditional sentences type II ( not true / contrary to the present ) + an unreal thing or action at present, can not happen at present or future Ex: If I were you, I would behave like that * Note : WERE is used for all subjects If - clause S + V( did ) Main clause S + would + V ( do ) 3 Conditional sentences type III ( unreal / not true in the past ) + an action... D connects 7 A do B done C make D made 8 A more B better C rather D other 9 A counted B measured C figured D weighed 10 A pollute B pollution C polluting D pollutants Exercise 7 : Choose the word or phrase ( A, B, C, or D ) that best fits the blank in the following passage Around the age of eighteen , you may make onoe of the biggest decisions of your life “Do I stay on at school and hopefully go on. .. best fits the blank in the following passage Everyone wants to reduce pollution But the pollution (1)… is as complicated as it is srious It is complicated (2)………… much pollution is caused by things that benefit people For example, (3)…… from automobiles causes a large percentage of all air pollution But the automobile (4)… transportation for millions of people Factories (5)… Much of material that . be replaced only over extremely long periods of time. Nonrenewable resources include fossil fuels and mineral deposits , such as iron ore and gold ore. Conservation activities for nonrenewable. …………………. A. one can only become a top sportperson by starting young but it is very expensivs. B. one can only become a top sportperson by starting young and all parents are willing to spend their money. in the following passage. Conservation concerns man’s safeguarding and preservation of natural resources and his responsibility (1)… improving the (2)… conditions in which he lives. An important