!"#$%$&$' $()*+ ,- . $/01)123 0!23- 4 567,89:;<2 :( *=9:()*+ 9>$?=!$')*+ - 4 7,8 ))@9<!A$B)@(5CC9! D(E<239- F9)@<A$@#?))@9G 99HIJ 5$)( @23%90))@9K79 !*%)$L"M HN)@$+!))@O*:9- HN)@$B- HN)@59 P- HN)@59A7"K9- Q *RST$"#LL"))@ 9#L"!@UT 9; 9:<9EV2W( $"#L/- X 7; Y2W;<TT *2** / <! Z)$; -4 @T2[3*% J 9 )8$;5L"$"?[ =23<T*) 8$;-\ P@T2[3*B% 7)@*%Z ; ] ?Z)$;(/ !2'"/)^5C ;$- 4 2V!_02[56`0P@T <T*56574 !"23#- 4 ZZ)$; 02[9*a* : 7<%/ 8 23$= )@ 9: 56 D 70D7-b 2*2**#;<!*2** ,D "9>$?=-c2**!" 23!)*+ 59E23**+ !=/$"#= #A- Q ;$( 9 M H\ ;$ H\ ;$O*: H\ ;$9 H\ *C Hd _- \ ;$<!56@23 -4 /<! @e0*e0@d 0Cf \ @e_ %$56 :=2 =0P@e%$*g56 :h>$=- 4 :C9!02[56@d 092[3*/ !@d B*8RF92[#@d / P!)i 7, 8$2B56@d -4 U*C 23 /2[56@d T9<Z?j-!C$ B?j-- N)@ 9))@ 0 #@d 23, F9=M +−=∆ 1 2 sin sin 2 α βδ δ Q @d T9<Z- Q @d TC$B- L" δ H5$)2[,k β Hl /%$9?j-I ;" ) )@ 9 _ ; 0 = ∆ 7 , 8 9 ;0 ` <! B )@ 1 2 sin sin = α β -9D @d // ° = 90 α <! = 5C;0#/ <;" ° = 45 β - m 6 @ d / 8 23) )@?5( 0gEn oH<!7 = 0 >$" 7 P # @ d / / ° = 90 α ?j-I- Q #@d 4 7=(238GA$B)@(5CC9 #5A(- 4 792T,(238G*2**M #C/<p9:@L %$5EC- Q #C2W(FW<p! C2[<! C/7=M ÷ M9:56C !- b 9!#L"09D$<R*)^5C 3*?*e0@e - Q #RS1$+9<2[6T$+ =<1V2W())@$+- q ?j-<!),))@:23#CF9 <p<AL - F9)?j-L C<A/)9Tβ)9TL <p- L eee 21 ++ ≈ β WL"FH7<AL (<pk rH9 :%$(<p- \ F !F I 23 82)$M 2 1 dd e A − ≈ k 2 , , 2 dd e A − ≈ WL"5 s ! 5 s tM5!5t2[, <p!KC N,))@:F9<p b $7<AL 239W9V :%$(?))@ :(CW5A!"2382)$M 1 . etge + = β ε j-u \ ;$O*:569=5$" - \ ;$O*:9 9!9!;$O*:9 =- 0<DO**;_!;K=L" 5E- 2[56;$O*G"2MP +"0<P890F,0<AL !;$O*:Ga*-v #$%$@ T<DO*<!=L"5E>$)@9*a*-Q <DO*K I ?))@9@!))@!"/23,$B ;$9F9 w$-b $<DO*=K!))@9=, 23$B "- \ ;$9/<9EM Hr9E;$9TE:*0<*052xf - Hr9E;$9B)90E N*+ 23F9B#$M H4 E"#$%$ Hc*+ F9TE52T(5$) Hc*+ F9TE#(5$) 92[3*%$9<U*@0 )i5$"# ;$(-\ P$@?%$9)i57- N9!"235C92[3* !5$)( <T7,8;*Hy-4 @T/7,80I =2[56*2** '-F9*2** !"E"#$%$$2%$#(@G '-9D 2[P56*2**9G7 A- b $,2T2[,m G 9*E 5$)?z9 =)-b $,2Tm _TE52T? 7z)P$ m <TTE#?z)-4 zB)=U(z !I=*8R0`<!2[,m G 95$)-b 2'"0 9 p2[3*$ /z)-c2** !"; $' A!L9Z)$;<97- b 9!$%$9#L"02[P56$%$9, a-c2**9G,a<! 7*2**/7,8!Z )$;9-m 6,a/ 235E))@,2T0))@ ?5!,2>$- \ ;$ *C( / $ Z $- 792T,!2TC02[56;$>$"-\ PW 7*g?56;$23- \ ;$*C- \;$*Cgk\ ;$*C$=/k \ ;$*C/<P89k5\;$*C _1k #?j-y5CC9/23:W$'A E L" _ /- # ? j-y <! 2[ 3* % " K $ 5 $"g!{)@$"(=)@ -\ P#?j-y<!;$ P+"D#<P89</$5!"V0I÷0 0<9E;$!"= P 9 >$ ? <! A 9 # = % $ B- b $ ;$ 9 =$'<39>$?!92[56)2? j-y5- d _<!)W23E9G8 l n I|I9:u |I-4 @T ,80_2[<! G/7 y 90@9#2l n Iy|yy9:l n I|y- q ?j-u<! 7$ 7L <pM % 23#CIk 02[56">$" >$" 7 P- b $/7<AL 0%$ 9 5 $" <! 9"Py>$"0@ u 5 $"0 7 <# j- d '" 9 W ( )iB<%7 <AL - 4 7L <p- q ?j-j<!$ $=)@(*)96 7 <R- 4 9 V L <p U T :%$(*)9-4 I 7 $= / L <pU!*)9-4 76L <p U!*)9-\ B)@( I!G<%B)@ %9- 4 $=)@(*)9- u q ?j-}<! ,D ! 9>$ ?=-\ =23*8R# @! 7 (%$9-~ *8R23@,# 7$<T ))@=2W>$9-Q =02[,( _5%0<P89+"@]8$@*8RT :=-\@] UT0UT%$9(I-Q )i5 7 F9 $ 5% ( ,2T=-b 2[= L B ? ,2TE"#$%$?5V " $ B 2[ * 56 C w$- 9!7!"23<U*# Pj/@>$"}!u0<P89 y a9 <#0 U < # U* F !- . $ , 5C #<!<9E G ,-q A"9)8$;P 5$ $ <9E / 7 , 8 9 2 Z, a0 G >$ 10 * 5C 7 h# D7- q ?j-}4 ,D !- HHHHHHHHHH•••••HHHHHHHHHH j ! " # $ -?!" C,0S`0=5C0*L<9E - I-?!" ;$( €\ = 5C ( ;$ 0 O* :0;$99 - -?!";$E9!9E7 M Q GTE$B- Q G7 Ah9- y-?!";$E9!9E7 7L <p0 K3*"#$%$&$'E9*)90 ,D !- !" } % & ' ( ) * ( + ( , - u 5L"$"=#$$+/! <9E/=A#5L"$"=,- . $/01)/ U U23 #$$+95L" $"=<9E/0*5C9! "=,A EP_&$'9-b 9!0/8L"5D235L"$"= *CC9)8$;!<9ET "=C=2[- ! " # $% & '($)"'$%&' q A"08$2T,9!,<!D79!<9E 9)8$;-D79<!G C, [!*,)8$; /$P<9E9<!G C, [!*,$+ )8$; !9//$+=A- b /$!E9=A$"#56<!=A ;*E*0@$[!/*,9k/`<!=A $"#56B,3*T>$" =)8$;!<9E<T!!@T $e)8$;5!- 9>$" =)8$;*K<!!<9EV!!<9E_0A" 9J *E A#$0 !E9 =A$"#56G@;9T/#$$+ 9;$(7*'(<9E=A,kV/ 8L"5D7<A=A#$$+E9$AK3* [...]... I ! \ ? q? j-I - }- ! }-] < ! X7 * L * C u* L C , 5C A $7 < 2$ L A @ 5L" $" A @ k I -~ 7 < 2$ = = k - " * = k j- X " = Ak ] $ " k < $ $ = *k y- ~A "k - ~C * =k $ - q ? j-II qA " $ b\ \ ‚b \ ‚b b s ‚ - ~A : < ;" I- ~ Z 9 < Z -b '* [ = y- " 9 b \ T %$ 9 9 F < U* 5C u- ~ ! >$ " $ b\ j- ~ ! * L * @ }- X " 9 b \ T %$ 9 9 F < j 5C U* -X " ^ - 9E - 9E † ‡ s H …ˆ H I E9 Ck }- ~ C - ( < 5E 7* C C- \ L$ _ 2 \... ? }-j [ D A $"# = " K [ C 9 $ A \ - ~! 0y ;$ 2[ 1"* +, = = # 5L" $" +" / ;$ 9 }-} A- 9 D 7 9 - I- q 7* C C- " ? : " %$ - 4 %$ - ~! , - 23 - 0$ , # 5L" $" < ! ` < * ! 7 ( 5P 9 9E < 2$ = A * * * = < A$ # 5L" $" 7 9 , ( = 9 !< [ 1 ? < 2$ * = < A$ 7 D 7 …X N0 A * * >$ K …X N- b @ - b 2 '"0 5P * - = ; A$ >$ C - / * , >$ ;$ %$ \ ! # )i 23 C- - '& $ / -Q C " K 5C j- K , 5C Q A ? C * , C0 E9 = F < ! u- $h... $M - 4 2[ ' $" - 4 9 , < - 4 9 = - 9E D ; = = = 1 - @ 2$ 9 < ! E9 $ $" - \ = U # " = E U ;0 ` < ! $ e ;- A * C C K $ $ E = A " = >$ * 6 3 *- * , ; *- \ 9 * 2 ;- A[ - U "0 K A 5P @ = * = < 9E …X N 23 8L" 5D 2 F9 } 2 ) $M - c 2 @ a* - c 2 @ a* K 8$ - c 2 @ a* K 3 *- - c 2 @ a* " - W 7 \ L$ _ - \ L$ M !9 < #$ ! $+ 9 0< 9E 9 0 \ L$ IM !9 < ! E Z a*0 \ L$ M ? $ U $ \= q2 A E9 " 59 c E !b $"‰ # )9E - j- l 9 ? 4 59 r# Z 0 % Z 4 % Z 4 # )9E }- NK " 1 mY < ! 59 # )9E - ! % 8$L d A ! 6 7) #$ $ :8 - $ A 2[ < = @ ‚ - $ ? : * = ‚‚ - * 5C 2 8 ; 9 : * = u ; /& A0 A * * = # " U A ! 5E ) 8$; < 9E I * = $"# U j ‚d - N )@ " y # I #$ ; < -. .. 9 0 ! V / $ 9: x @ 23 ;$ ! q? }- ~7 < - ; k I- \ j- \ k }- \ @ \ 7< k - A R K 3* a* = F 5w 2T O* A #$ 23 8L" 5D -c 5w - 9 >$ < U* ? = a* ( < a* F9 < ! 5E p < U* , 23 < U* a* a* T < U* a* !" / < U* a* !9 E9 )• 2 O* $< = , ( < :- mE A a* A R 23 F9 < p # 2 '" / , Z 9 E - \ )^ / < p 23 #$ 23 < U* E9 $+ ! a* # * , q? }-I m E - ; 5E < U* a* / h ? F9 h ? E9 < U* k I- ~E < U* y- \ @ $+ ! = h 2 8 @ ( , ( 0 F9... $ G ;$ < p 23 }-I < U* ! = $7 F9 < ? p < U* A F9 h 5E A / < 5E ! D k F k $+ 56 F9 5E = $+ - O*k y- ; k ]- X = ! A #$ ;$ O*k 0u ; A , 2[ " Ck u- c }- $ < A a*k - ; D k ek j- Q @ d A ! = $ B A #$ R $' ] ! A - \ < : T O* A 23 $ G / O* * % E9 @ A !" 23 a 2 Z $' < E9 E B , $ A ! < X: 9E - ;$ ( F9 5E h < < U* a* 56 2 '" P 9 , h8 5C ^ ;$ 5E < A " ( < D 52T O* ! < D = - mE < U* a* 0-X O* I0 u- ; y0 ~7 < A Mc... F9 >$ 8$; - m h = $ƒ $ ' K < 23 , T 3* 1 * # 9- < A$ * C0* 5C _ 5L" Z = ? !< @ -0 8$; 5w T * 9 9 C0 " -4 P " / @ 23 - b !" ! ! "- ;$ ! )@ < 23 = < < 9E T 9E < >$" A$ >$ ) < 0 5C [ ! 9 / , 7 5L" # _< ; * K E ! 9 01 70= 9$ > < 9E VL ! ( K - * , h '* $ " K B < 23 + ! $' D 7 9E ( = $ ; $ 8^ 5C / ; < , ! < 23 (" 8$; < 9E 6 $"# U $ ! 2 , $ x* = 9 ? / * A* / >$" 8$; $ < 7 ! . %$9 - 0yC<! A! - I-q 7*C, - u-. $h2["K5CC- - ~!23 - j-K,5CC- 1"* +, -$ .'&/0$ Q. E<U*a*F9<p - ; kI-~E<U*a*k - ; Dk y-@Cku-cekj-Q @d 5E<U*a*F9h? }- <A=A#$ $+/h?E9$A!$BR$' . ? }- ~7<A=A#$$+ - - ; kI- ;$O*k0u; O*ky-; Dk j- k }- @k - F5w2Tk ]- X O*Fk - c5w - 7<A=A#$$+569>$?= ,2[238L"5DF95E<U*a*(<A RK3*!=A/<!5E<U*a*F9<p!5E<U* a*F9h - 5E<U*a*F9<p?}-I<A(=A ,23<U*a*T$G@!$<=O*: - m