Toefl ibt internet based test 2006 - 2007 part 53 pdf

MODEL TEST 4/SPEAKlt-Kl SEC TION 359 'tlt.gnted Spnkl", Qllfttl "" 5 uRo"."".' ." (} Now lislen to a short conversation between a student and her advisor. Question Describe the woman 's problem and the two suggestioos that her advisor makes about how to handle it. What do you think the woman should do, and why ? Preparation Time : 20 seconds Reco rdi ng Time : 60 seconds , h 380 MORE MODEL TE S TS Integrated Speak i ng QuatIOR 6 " 1JrIJIn Wildlife" N ow lisTen to part of e lecture In a biology class. T he professor is discussing the Type s 01 habitats lor wildli le lound In clUes. Qunt l on Using the main polnls and examples Irom the lecture, describe the two genera ll ypes of habi- tats fOl' wildlife found In urban areas. Preparation TIme: 20 seconds Recording Time: 60 seconds ngh rna r MODEL TEST 4IWAmNG SECTION 361 WRITING SECTION The Writing section tests your ability to write essays in English sim il ar to those that you would write in college courses. During the test, you will write two essays. The integrated essay aSks for your response to an academic readi ng passage and a lecture on the same topic. You may take notes as you read and l isten, but no tes afe not graded. You may use your notes to write the essay . The l ecture will be spoken, butlhe directions and the questions will be written. You will have 20 minutes to plan, write, 300 revise your response. Typically, a good essay lor the integrated topic will require that you write 150-225 words. The independent essay usually asks lor your opinion about a lam iliar topic. You will have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your response. Typically, a good essay lor Ihe indepen- dent topic will require that you write 300-350 words. A clock on the screen will show you how much time you have to comptete each essay. You have 20 minutes to plan, write, and revise your response to a reading passage and a leC- ture on the same topic. First, read the passage and take notes. Then, lis len to the lecture and take notes. FInally, write your response 10 lhe writing question. Typically, a good response will require Ihat you write 150-225 words. Read ing P assage Time: 3 minutes The }at stream Is an irregular band of wind that occurs in high altitudes at about 20, 000 leet, that is, between 6 and 9 miles above the surface of the Earth. Consequently, the jet stream wanders near the top of the Earth's tropo- sphere, and, coincidentally, that is exactly where most 01 the Earth 's weather patterns occur. It Is helplullo think ollhe jet stream like a river 01 air thaI occurs at several different locations, but in generai llows from west to east over the middle latitudes. Technically, to be called a }at stream, the winds should be moving faster than 57 miles an hour, but it can have average core speeds of 190 miles per hour, and in the winter, when the jet stream is strongest, winds have been clocked al 300 miles an hour. For the most part, the winds are stronger In the winter because during the winter months the surface lempera- ture contrasts more with the temperature in the troposphere. To put that another way, the greater the contrast in Ihe temperature of the Earth and the atmosphere, the stronger the jet stream winds will bl ow . In general. there are two jet streams between the equator and the North Pale. The subtropical }at stream tends to hover around the southern border 01 the continental United States, whereas Ihe polar jet stream blows over Idaho righted ater 362 MORE MOOEL T ES TS and Montana. The conditi on that causes these two streams is the diHerence in the temperature between the tropic and the arctic reg io ns of the Ea rt h, which tends to concentrate in small zones called fronts. It Is along these fronts that storms tend to develop. The jet streams blow the storms along their path. When the jet stream is over an area, strong storms may move into it. but when the jet stream has dipped oUl of the area, calm, dry weather will probably be forecast. () Model Teal 4, Writing Section , CO 7, Track 2 • n Now listen to a lecture on the same topic as the passage that you have just read. Question Describe jet streams by using the information in the reading, and provide examples of the way that they affect air travel by drawing on the material that you heard In the lecture. ~.,h"._ mater IIIHpeIld.,,' &Ny "Ufeslyl," Question MODEL TEST 4IWA!T!NG SECTION 363 Many people believe that i1 is very important to make large amounts 01 money, while others are satisfied to earn a comfortable living. Analyze each viewpoint and take a stand. Give specific reasons lor your position. Thl. Is the end of Model Test 4. To check your answel"$, refer to uExplanatory or Example Answers and Audio Scrtpts for Model Tests: Model Test 4 ," Chapter 7, pages 649-676. )pynght mater I 3&4 MORE MODEL TESTS MODEL TEST 5: PROGRESS TEST READING SECTION The Reading section tests your ability to understand reading passages like tnose In college textbooks. The passages are about 700 words in length. This Is Ihe short formal for the Reading section. On the short fonnal , you will respond to three passages. After each passage, you will answer 12-14 questions about it. Most questions are worth 1 point, but the last question In each passage is worth more than 1 point. You will have 60 minutes to read all of the passages and answer the questions. You may take notes while you read, but notes are not graded. You may use your notes to answer the ques - tions. Some passages may incl Llde a word or phrase that is underlined in blue. Click on tl"le word or phrase to see a glossary definition Of explanation. Choose Ihe best answer for multiple-choice questions. Follow the directions on the page or on the screen for computer-assisted questions. Click on Ne xt to go to the next question. Click on B ack to return to the previous question. You may retum to previous questions for all of the passages in the same reading part, but after you go to the next part, you will nol be able 10 return to passages in a previous part. Be sure that you have answered all of the questions for the passages in each part before you click on Next at the end 01 the passage to move to the next part. You can click on R eview to see a chart of the questions you have answered and the questions you have nol answered in each part. From this screen, you can return to t he question you want to answer in the part thaI is open. A clock on the screen will show you how much time you have to complete the Reading section. lpynghl maklr I MODEL TEST 5lAEAD lNG SEC TI ON 365 PART I Radl", 1 "R il l., Sa L,.,,, " Perhaps the most pervasive climatic eHect at global warming Is rapid esca- lation at ice mell. Mount Kilimanjaro in AlriCa , portions 01 the South American Andes, and th e Himalayas will verj likely lose most at their glacial ice within the next two decades, aHecting local water resources. Glacial ice continues i ts retreat in Alaska. NASA scientists determined that Greenland's ice sheet is thinning by about I m per year. The additional meltwater, especially fr om conti- nental ice masses and glaciers, is adding to a rise In sea level worldwide. Satel- lite remote sensing is monitoring global sea level, sea ice, and continental ice. Worldwide measurem9nts~ that sea level rose during the last cent urj . Surrounding the margins at Antarctica, and constituting about 11 % 01 its surface area, are numerous ice shelves, especially where sheltering inlets or bays exist. Covering many thousands of square kilometers, these ice sllelves extend over the sea while still attached to continental ice. The loss 01 these ice shelves does not slgnlflCanlly raise sea level, fo r they already displace seawa- ter. The concem is for the possible surge of grounded continenlal ice Ihat the ice shelves hold back Irom tile sea. Although ice shelves constantly break up to produce icebergs, some large sections have recently broken free. In 1998 an iceberg (150 km by 35 km) broke ofllhe Ronne Ice Shelf, southeast of the An tarctic Peninsula. In March 2000 an Iceberg tagged B-15 broke off t he Ross tce Shelf (some go o longitude west 01 the Antarctic Peninsula), measuring 300 km by 40 km . Since 1993, sill ice shelves have disintegrated in Antarctica. About 8000 km of ice shelf are gone, changing maps, Ireeir"IQ up islands to circumnavigation, and creating thousands of Icebergs. The larsen Ice Shelf, along the east coast 01 the Antarctic Peninsula, has been retreating slowly for years. larsen-A suddenly disintegrated in 1995. In only 35 days in early 2002, Larsen-B collaps ed i nt o icebergs. This Ice loss is likely a result 01 the 2 .so C temperature Increase in the region in the last 50 years. In response to the Increasing warmth, the Antarctic Peninsula is sporting n ew vegetation growth, previously not seen there. -+ A loss of polar Ice mass, augmented by melting 01 alpine and mountain glaciers (which e)(perieilCed more than a 30% decrease in overa ll ice mass dur- ing the last centurj) will aHect sea-level rise. The I Pce assessment states that 'between one-third to one -hall of the elCistlng mountain glacier mass could dis- appear over t he next hundred years." Also, "there Is cOn:cI9S!Vit evidence lor a worldwide recession of mountain glaciers Th is is among the clearest and best evidence for a change in energy balance at the Earth's surface since the end of the 19th century." . end of Model Test 4. To check your answel"$, refer to uExplanatory or Example Answers and Audio Scrtpts for Model Tests: Model Test 4 ," Chapter 7, pages 64 9-6 76. )pynght. pages 64 9-6 76. )pynght mater I 3&4 MORE MODEL TESTS MODEL TEST 5: PROGRESS TEST READING SECTION The Reading section tests your ability to understand reading passages like tnose. part, but after you go to the next part, you will nol be able 10 return to passages in a previous part. Be sure that you have answered all of the questions for the passages in each part