1 CHAPTER 1: BASIC THEORY OF REVENUE AND COST ACCOUNTING ORGANIZATION AND DETERMINATION OF BUSINESS RESULTS...4 1.1 THE NEED TO ORGANIZE REVENUE AND EXPENSE ACCOUNTING AND DETERMINE BUSI
BASIC THEORY OF REVENUE AND COST ACCOUNTING
T HE NEED TO ORGANIZE REVENUE AND EXPENSE ACCOUNTING AND DETERMINE
1.1 The need to organize revenue and expense accounting and determine business results in enterprises
Effective accounting is essential for managing manufacturing operations and overall business performance, particularly in tracking revenue and expenses Establishing robust accounting practices provides crucial insights for sound production and strategic management Continuous improvement in accounting functions, especially in revenue and cost tracking, is vital for determining new business outcomes Therefore, aligning revenue and cost accounting is critical for helping managers understand operational conditions and enhance the efficiency of commercial enterprises.
Effective revenue and expense accounting is crucial for enterprises, as it enables the collection, processing, and presentation of essential information This allows managers to assess business performance, make informed decisions, and establish strategic directions, ultimately enhancing the overall operational efficiency of the organization.
For investors, understanding revenue, expenses, and overall business performance is crucial for assessing a company's operational efficiency, enabling informed investment decisions.
For banks evaluating financial leasing companies, accurately accounting for revenue and expenses is crucial This ongoing assessment helps them appraise the financial situation of a business, ultimately guiding their decision on whether to approve a lease or loan for that business.
Macroeconomic management agencies rely on data regarding revenue, expenses, and business performance to inform their strategies Tax authorities play a crucial role in assessing receivables and ensuring adequate revenue for the State budget This information serves as a foundation for national policymakers to develop solutions aimed at fostering economic growth, while also creating a conducive environment for businesses through effective monetary policy, tax incentives, and price subsidies.
R EQUIREMENTS AND TASKS OF REVENUE AND COST ACCOUNTING AND
Requirements of revenue and expense accounting and determination of business results business
Management of sales operations in an enterprise is the process of managing goods in terms of quantity, quality and value of sold goods Specific payment is as follows:
- Management of quantity: the value of goods for sale, including the management of each buyer, each consignment, and each group of goods.
- Price management includes planning for monitoring, price implementation for the next period's plan.
Effective sales management is crucial for optimizing the collection of sales proceeds and accurately assessing business performance By implementing strong sales management practices, businesses can minimize risks, prevent potential losses, and ensure data accuracy, ultimately leading to improved overall results.
Duties of revenue and expense accounting and determination of business results business
- Fully reflect and record the current situation and changes in quantity, types, specifications, models, etc., for each type of sold goods and services.
Accurately and promptly document all revenue, revenue deductions, and expenses throughout the period to ensure that, at the end of the timeframe, revenue and fees can be effectively collected, enabling a clear assessment of business performance.
- Regularly and continuously monitor the increase and decrease in revenue from sales and service provision, revenue from financial activities and income other.
- Detailed and separate tracking of each type of revenue, including internal revenue, to reflect timely, detailed and complete business results as a basis for making financial statements.
- Detailed tracking of deductions for revenue, receivables and expenses of each business operation, and at the same time, monitor and urge receivables from customers.
- Accurately determine business results and monitor the performance of obligations to the State.
- Provide accurate and timely accounting information to prepare financial statements and periodically analyze business activities related to revenue and determine business results.
S OME BASIC CONCEPTS RELATED TO REVENUE , EXPENSES AND DETERMINING
- Make recommendations and measures to improve sales and determine business results, provide management with the necessary information to develop specific plans to improve the performance of the company enterprise
1.3 Some basic concepts related to revenue, expenses and determining business results
International Financial Reporting Standard 15 (IFRS 15) defines revenue as the total economic benefits generated during a specific period from regular business activities, serving as a source of equity rather than as a contribution from shareholders It is important to note that revenue excludes any receipts from third parties.
According to Vietnamese Accounting Standard No 14 (VAS14 – Revenue and other income) issued under BTC Decision No 149/2001/QD-BTC dated December 31, 2001:
Revenue represents the total economic benefits gained by a business within a specific accounting period, resulting from its core production and operational activities, and plays a crucial role in enhancing the company's equity.
Circular 200/2014/TT-BTC, issued on December 22, 2014, defines revenue as the economic benefits that enhance a business owner's equity, excluding additional shareholder contributions Revenue is recognized at the transaction's occurrence, provided that it is likely that economic benefits will be realized, and is measured at the fair value of the amounts due, regardless of whether cash has been received.
Depending on management requirements, the following main criteria can be used to classify revenue
According to the relationship with the business organization system
According to this criterion, sales revenue includes two types: internal and external sales revenue.
- Internal sales revenue: is the revenue of sales volume within the organizational system of the enterprise, such as internal consumption among affiliated units in the Corporation
- Outbound sales: is the total revenue of the volume of products and goods the enterprise has sold to customers outside the enterprise.
This classification will help enterprises accurately determine their business results and provide accurate information to prepare consolidated financial statements of the group, the whole industry
According to this criterion, the revenue of the enterprise is divided into two categories: domestic revenue and international revenue
- Domestic revenue: is the revenue earned from the sale of goods and provision of services in the country
- International revenue: is the revenue from the sale of goods and provision of services arising in foreign countries
This classification enables business administrators to assess the activity levels across different geographical areas, which is essential for evaluating the profitability and business risks associated with each region Additionally, it provides valuable data to support the preparation of financial statements for each enterprise.
According to the source of activity
According to this criterion, revenue is divided into revenue from selling goods and providing services (under average production and business activities), revenue from financial activities, and other revenue.
Revenue from the sale of goods and services refers to the total income generated from transactions involving the sale of products and the provision of services to customers This includes all amounts received or expected to be received, along with any additional charges beyond the base selling price.
Financial income encompasses earnings derived from various financial activities, including interest from loans, deferred payments, bond investments, bills of exchange, and payment discounts It also includes income generated from property rentals, dividends, distributed profits, and foreign exchange rate differences.
- Other Income: The income contributing to increasing equity from activities other than revenue-generating activities Other income of the enterprise includes:
+ Income from sale and liquidation of fixed assets.
+ Differences in profit due to revaluation of materials, goods and fixed assets used to contribute capital to joint ventures, investments in associates, and other long-term investments.
- Income from sale and sublease of properties.
+ Collecting money issued by the customer's breach of the contract.
+ Collection of bad debts that have been written off.
+ The state budget refunds taxes.
+ Collection of payable debts whose creditors cannot be identified.
+ Bonuses of customers related to the consumption of goods, products and services are not included in the revenue (if any).
A trade discount is a pricing strategy used by businesses to incentivize bulk purchases, offering customers reductions based on the quantity of goods acquired This discount can apply either to the volume of individual shipments or the total cumulative purchases made by a customer within a specific timeframe, depending on the seller's discount policy.
Sales discount:A sales discount is a deduction for the buyer due to all or some of the items being of low quality, incorrect specifications, or out-of-date tastes.
Sale returns refer to the value of products that customers return due to reasons such as unmet promises, breaches of economic contracts, missing items, poor quality, or incorrect specifications When a company recognizes the value of these returned items, it reflects a decrease in the cost of goods sold for that period.
Special consumption tax, export tax, value added tax charged by the direct method:
- The export tax: is a tax paid on all products and services purchased, sold, or traded with foreign nations when they are exported from Vietnam.
- A special consumption tax: is a tax applied on the sales of businesses that manufacture and deal in various unique commodities that the government discourages.
VAT, calculated using the direct method, is a tax that reflects the value added to products and services throughout the production-to-consumption process, ensuring that the VAT owed corresponds to the income recognized during that period.
According to Vietnamese Accounting Standard No 01 (VAS01 – General Standard):
Expenses represent the total value of items that diminish economic benefits during an accounting period, manifested as outlays and reductions in asset accounts or the assumption of liabilities, ultimately leading to a decrease in equity, excluding any distributions to shareholders or owners.
In financial accounting, costs represent actual expenses associated with production and business activities, encompassing average production costs and additional expenses required to obtain specific products or services These costs are quantified as cash outlays, depreciation of fixed assets, service debts, and tax obligations Accounting recognizes these expenses through accounting vouchers, ensuring accurate documentation of their occurrence in the enterprise's production and business activities.
Classification of costs by function
Business expenses in a commercial enterprise include:
The cost of goods sold (COGS) refers to the total expenses incurred during a specific period for the items sold, encompassing all costs directly or indirectly associated with the acquisition of goods and services.
Selling expenses encompass all actual costs associated with the consumption of goods and the provision of services This includes expenses related to product promotion, introduction, sales commissions, warranties, storage, packaging, and operational activities.
- General and administrative expenses: All expenses are related to business management, administrative management, and general management of the entire enterprise.
Financial operating expenses encompass costs associated with financial activities, including interest expenses, capital contributions to joint ventures, losses from foreign exchange fluctuations, and losses incurred during capital transfers.
Other expenses encompass costs that arise outside the typical business operations of an enterprise, including liquidation expenses, asset sale costs, and fines resulting from contract violations.
Production and business expenses: including the cost of goods sold, operating expenses, general and administrative expense
Classification according to economic content: For commercial activities, classification according to this criterion includes:
- Salary and salary-based allowances: Reflecting the total amount of wages and salary- based allowances payable to employees in the enterprise.
T HE CONTENT OF ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE , EXPENSES AND BUSINESS RESULTS
Currently, the content of accounting for revenue, expenses and business results in enterprises is carried out according to Circular 200/2014/TT-BTC issued on 22/12/
2014 by the Ministry of Finance in general and commercial enterprises
1.4.1 Accounting for sales and service provision
- Payment table for agent and consignment goods
- Other relevant accounting vouchers such as return receipts
Account 511 – Revenue from the sale of goods and provision of services This account is opened for details of level 2 accounts to track detailed sales and service provider revenues.
Account 511 - Revenue from sales and service provision has:
- Account 5112 - Sales of finished products
- Account 5117 -Revenue - Sales of Investment Properties
When goods and services are sold but fail to meet quality and technical specifications, buyers may refuse payment, return the items, or request an approved discount In such cases, trade discounts may also be applied Sales deductions are recorded under account 521, which tracks revenue deductions, with further details maintained in tier 2 accounts.
At the end of the period, it is transferred to Account 511 – Sales and service provision to calculate net revenue.
The accountant must record the VAT invoice, sales invoice (copy 3), and payment documents, such as receipt slips and credit notes, in Account 511, which represents revenue from sales and services provided by the enterprise This process also reflects the output VAT payable in the accounting records.
3331 – VAT payable (if any) reflects the amount received to
Account 131 – Accounts Receivable/ Trade Receivables
- If there are deductions from sales and service providers in the period Accountants record the following:
The purchase and sale contract must outline commercial discounts, sales discounts, and the handling of returned goods, ensuring that sales deductions are recorded based on the selling price before VAT Consequently, the output VAT payable is adjusted to reflect the discounted value of returned or discounted goods Additionally, cash capital is proportionally reduced in line with the total payment price or receivables from consumers.
+ At the same time, cash capital is reduced correspondingly to the total payment price or receivables from customers corresponding to the total payment price.
At the conclusion of the reporting period, calculate the payable special consumption tax (SCT) and export tax The excise tax declaration and customs declaration will guide the accountant in adjusting the reduced sales and service provider revenue for the period, reflecting the amounts owed for both excise and export taxes Consequently, the tax liabilities to the state agency will also increase accordingly.
At the conclusion of the accounting period, businesses must adjust their sales figures by deducting trade discounts, sales discounts, and any returns of goods This process ensures that the net sales accurately reflect the true revenue generated by sales and services provided.
- At the end of the period, net revenue is transferred to the income determination account.
Figure 1.1: Chart of accounting for sales and service provision (Appendix 1, page 44)
1.4.2 Revenue accounting for financial activities
Financial income includes various sources such as interest, royalties, dividends, and distributed profits, reflecting earnings from financial activities recognized during the period, irrespective of the actual revenue received or expected.
•User account: Account 515 – Revenue from financial activities This account is used to record income from interest, royalties, dividends, distributed profits and revenue from financial activities of the business.
Figure 1.2 Depicts the method of accounting for financial income (Appendix 02, page 45).
Other income is income that is not normally generated at the business.
Accounting vouchers:Receipts, invoices for liquidation of fixed assets…
Account 711: Other income This account reflects the income of activities other than activities that generate revenue for the business
- Revenues from fixed asset liquidation and sale, as well as the residual value of liquidated or sold fixed assets (if any).
- Profit difference due to revaluation of products and fixed assets used to contribute money to joint ventures, associate investments, and other long-term investments.
- Collect fines due to customers' breach of economic contracts.
Figure 1.3: The process of accounting for other incomes is outlined in diagram 1.3 (Appendix 03, page 46).
A CCOUNTING EXPENSE
1.5.1 Cost of Goods Sold Accounting
Definition: Cost of goods sold in a commercial enterprise is the original price of goods sold in a period and amortized purchasing costs.
Goods sold = Export value according to purchase price + Purchase cost allocated to goods exported
Ex-warehousing value of products calculated using one of three methods:
- The first-in-first-out (FIFO) approach
The cost of goods purchased encompasses all expenses directly associated with acquiring products, including insurance, warehouse and yard rentals, transportation fees, and loading and unloading costs These expenses are essential for preserving and transporting goods from the point of purchase to the enterprise's warehouse, along with accounting for natural losses that may occur during the purchasing process.
- Delivery note, other relevant documents.
Account 632 represents the cost of goods sold, encompassing the actual expenses associated with goods sold or completed services This account plays a crucial role in calculating the overall business results for a specific period by including all relevant costs linked to sales.
- When selling finished products, goods and services, they are determined to have been sold in the period.
Dr 632 - Cost of goods sold
- Reflect expenses directly charged to cost of goods sold
The cost of goods sold during the period includes the impact of elevated raw material prices, increased labor costs, and unallocated fixed manufacturing overheads, all of which exceed normal levels.
Dr 632 - Cost of goods sold
Cr 154 - Production and business expenses in progress.
- Reflect the loss, loss of inventory after deducting compensation caused by personal liability.
Dr 632 – Cost of goods sold
- Reflecting the cost of self-construction of fixed assets in excess of the normal level, which is not included in the historical cost of the completed tangible fixed assets.
Dr 632 – Cost of goods sold
- Accounting for the setting up or reversal of the provision for devaluation of inventories
+ In case the amount of provision for devaluation of inventories to be made in this period > the amount made in the previous period
The accountant makes additional deductions for the difference Take note:
Dr 632 – Cost of goods sold
Cr 229 – Provision for property loss (2294)
+ In case the amount of provision for devaluation of inventories to be made in this period < the amount made in the previous period.
The accountant reverses the difference.
Dr 229 - Provision for property loss (2294)
Cr 632 - Cost of goods sold
- Economic operations related to investment real estate business activities
Periodically, depreciate investment properties currently under operating lease.
Dr 632 - Cost of goods sold (Details of investment property business expenses)
Cr 2147 - Depreciation of investment property
- When costs related to investment property are incurred after initial recognition
+ If the conditions for recording an increase in the value of investment property are not satisfied.
Dr 632 - Cost of goods sold (Details of investment property business expenses)
Dr 242 - Prepaid expenses (if amortization is required)
- Expenses related to operating lease of investment real estate
Dr 632 - Cost of goods sold (Details of investment property business expenses)
- Accounting for reduction of cost and depreciation of investment property (if any) due to sale or liquidation
Dr 214 – Depreciation of fixed assets (2147 – depreciation of investment properties)
Dr 632 – Cost of goods sold (residual value of investment property)
Cr 217 – First real estate (original cost)
- Expenses for sale and liquidation of investment properties incurred.
Dr 632 – Cost of goods sold (Details of investment property business expenses)
Dr 133 – Deductible value-added tax (if any)
- Goods sold are returned to the warehouse
Cr 632 – Cost of goods sold
- Where a trade discount or rebate is received after the purchase
To optimize trade and sale discounts, it is essential to assess inventory fluctuations and allocate discounts based on unsold stock This approach ensures that the quantity sold for construction investment is accurately determined and aligns with consumption during the specified period.
Cr 152, 153, 154, 155, 156 (value of trade discount, sale price reduction of unsold inventory in the period)
Cr 241 - Construction in progress (value of trade discount, sale price reduction of inventory used for construction investment)
Cr 632 - Cost of goods sold (value of trade discount, sale price reduction of inventories sold during the period.
- Carrying forward cost of goods sold of products, goods, investment properties and services determined to have been sold during the period to the debtor of account 911
Dr 911 – Determination of business results
Cr 632 – cost of goods sold
The periodic inventory method involves accounting for inventory by utilizing inventory accounts solely at the beginning and end of the accounting period, with the opening balance transferred at the start and the ending balance transferred at the conclusion.
- At the beginning of the closing period, when the value of inventory at the beginning of the period is transferred, the following accounts shall be recorded:
- During the period, arising transactions that increase or decrease the value of inventory are reflected in account 611 (not reflected in inventory account).
- At the end of the period, based on the accounting results to determine the value of ending inventory, the following accounts shall be recorded:
Figure 1 4 Cost of goods sold (according to periodic inventory method) (Appendix 4, page 53)
Financial expenses refer to costs or losses incurred from activities such as financial investments, lending, and borrowing They also include expenses related to capital contributions in joint ventures and associates, as well as losses from exchange rates when dealing with foreign currencies Additionally, these expenses may encompass various other costs associated with financial transactions.
Accounting vouchers: Payment slip, bank's debit note, loan contract
- This account reflects expenses related to capital activities, financial investment activities and transactions of a corporate financial nature.
- Expenses incurred in connection with financial investments, joint ventures, associates, and investments in subsidiaries (costs of holding, liquidation, transfer of investments, investment losses, etc.)
- Expenses incurred as a result of lending capital.
- Costs associated with the acquisition and selling of foreign currency.
- Interest charge on a non-capitalized business loan, payment discount when selling items, giving labour, and delivering services.
- The difference in loss while purchasing and selling foreign money, as well as the loss on the difference in foreign exchange rates
- Provisions for financial investment depreciation…
Figure 1.5: Financial expense accounting chart (Appendix 5, page 48)
Selling expenses: are expenses to ensure the implementation of sales strategy and policies of the enterprise.
Accounting vouchers: Salary payment sheet, Warehouse delivery note, fixed asset depreciation allocation table, invoices, payment slips…
Account 641 encompasses all selling expenses associated with the sale of goods and services This includes costs related to sales personnel, tools and supplies, depreciation of fixed assets, purchased services, and other cash expenditures.
- Account 6412 - Materials and packaging expense
- Account 6414 - Depreciation of fixed assets
The current prescribed rate outlines the costs associated with salaries and allowances for sales staff, including necessary deductions Accountants utilize timesheets and salary distribution tables to accurately reflect salary costs and deductions, ensuring that increases in employee pay align with sales staff remuneration and corresponding social insurance obligations, such as health and unemployment insurance Additionally, fixed asset depreciation expenses are recorded periodically based on the depreciation schedule, reflecting the allocation of these costs to selling expenses If an enterprise has a warranty for repairs due to manufacturing defects, it must estimate repair costs for the warranty obligation, leading to an increase in provisions for payables and selling costs Furthermore, expenses for external services, including utilities and communication, are recorded based on VAT invoices and payment documents, ensuring that costs are documented at the purchase price excluding VAT, with appropriate adjustments for cash transactions and payables to the seller.
Enterprise administration expenses encompass costs associated with administrative tasks and operations at a company-wide level Additionally, these expenses may also include costs that do not fall under the typical categories of administrative work.
Accounting vouchers: Salary payment sheet, Warehouse delivery note, allocation sheet, depreciation of fixed assets, invoices, payment slips…
Account 642 - General and administrative expense
This account encompasses all expenses associated with business operations and administrative management, including salaries, allowances, and deductions for the management department It also covers costs for office supplies, depreciation of fixed assets, taxes, fees, and provisions for doubtful debts and payables Additionally, it includes expenses for externally purchased services that support the entire enterprise, as well as other cash expenses.
- Account 6423 - Stationary and office supplies
- Account 6425 - Taxes, fees and license
- Account 6426 - Bad debts and allowance expense
Figure 1 6 General and adminstrative expense accounting process (Appendix 6, page 49)
Other expenses include expenses other than production and business expenses incurred in the normal course of business activities of the enterprise.
Accounting vouchers:Payment slip, Debit note from the bank, VAT invoice, Minutes of liquidation of fixed assets.
Account 811 - Other Expenses encompasses costs related to non-revenue-generating activities for a business This includes expenses associated with the liquidation and sale of fixed assets, losses from the revaluation of goods, contributions of fixed assets to joint ventures, investments in associates, long-term investments, and penalties for economic contract violations, tax penalties, and overdue taxes.
The costs associated with the liquidation and sale of fixed assets are meticulously recorded by accountants, who base their entries on liquidation minutes and asset handover documents These records reflect the residual value and accumulated depreciation of the assets, leading to a corresponding decrease in the asset's cost Additionally, fines related to breaches of economic contracts, tax penalties, and tax arrears are documented through payment slips and debt notices This process ensures that the enterprise's expenses accurately represent compensation amounts, tax penalties, and arrears, while also increasing the cash payable to the state budget in line with tax obligations.
A CCOUNTING FOR BUSINESS RESULTS
1.6.1 Accounting for business income tax expenses
Account 8211 – Current corporate income tax expenses This account reflects the amount of corporate income tax payable on taxable income for the year and the applicable corporate tax rate.
- Quarterly, the accountant shall base on the corporate income tax return to record the temporarily payable orporate income tax(CIT) amount into the orporate income tax(CIT )expense.
When the current corporate income tax (CIT) payable for a year is less than the amount due, the accountant should document the payable CIT alongside the current CIT expense Conversely, if the temporarily payable CIT exceeds the annual payable amount, the accountant must adjust the current CIT expense by recording a reduction equal to the difference between the temporarily payable amount and the payable amount for that year.
Formula for determining business results
Gross profit =Net sale – Cost of goods sold
Profit from business activities = Gross profit + Financial income – Financial expenses – General and administrative expense
Profit from other activities = Other income – Other expense
Profit before tax = Net profit from operating activities Sales + Profit from other activities
Profit after tax CIT = Profit before tax - Expense CIT
Account 911 is essential for determining and recording an enterprise's business results within an annual accounting period It meticulously tracks the outcomes of various business activities, including production, processing, trading, service, and financial operations, ensuring detailed accountability for each activity type.
In each type of business activity, it may be necessary to make detailed accounting for each type of goods, each category, each type of business, type of service
Figure 1 7 Chart of accounting expenses for corporate income tax (Appendix 7, page 50)
Figure 1 8 Determine business result accounting process (Appendix 8, page 51)
THE STATUS OF ACCOUNTING ORGANIZATION OF REVENUE, COSTS AND DETERMINATION OF BUSINESS RESULTS AT
G ENERAL CHARACTERISTICS AFFECTING REVENUE AND COST ACCOUNTING AND
2.1.1 History of establishment and development of the Company
- Name of company: Tuan Loc Thang company limited
- Head office: Loc Thang Town, Bao Lam District, Lam Dong Province, Vietnam Tel: 08.387580360 Fax: (08) 387580361
- Tuan Loc Thang is known as a company with 100% Vietnamese investment capital, known as an investor and distributor of highly specialized auto parts, serving diverse needs of customers.
- TUAN LOC THANG Company Limited was established on April 27, 2011, with business license number 0308229554 issued by the Department of Planning and Investment of Lam Dong Province
Established in 2011, the company has quickly gained a strong foothold in the car market by prioritizing customer trust and confidence in product quality and convenience.
2.1.2 Organizational characteristics of the management apparatus at theCompany
Function and duties of each department
As the legal representative of the company, you will oversee the execution and management of business operations while solidifying the company's overarching goals Your responsibilities include signing essential documents and formulating strategic development plans to facilitate business expansion.
-Responsible for comprehensive financial management collect and provide comprehensive financial performance and economic information, strictly abide by state policies on economic and financial management, violate financial discipline.
Responsible for advising the Director and performing the following 4 tasks:
- Human resource organization, labor management organization, data on the quantity and quality of employees, human resource planning to serve the Company, and stringent maintenance of complete personnel records.
- Advise the Director on personnel matters, including recruitment and business rules.
- Overseeing and inspecting the application of salary regimes and policies, as well as social and health insurance, promotion, and salary increases.
- Administrative clerical work: assuring administrative functions such as archiving, monitoring, and synthesizing the Company's whole operation status, as well as preparing official dispatches and documents.
- Assemble essential documents for Director meetings Verify the document's legality before submitting it to the Director for approval.
The sales department plays a crucial role in advising the director on the company's business position while overseeing the purchasing and selling of items By conducting thorough market research, the department develops effective strategies to enhance business efficiency It is responsible for collecting essential market data on pricing, customer needs, and competition, which informs critical purchasing and selling decisions Additionally, the sales department manages capital, supply chains, and planned consumption of goods, creating revenue streams on a quarterly and monthly basis Furthermore, it proposes investment and development ideas aimed at expanding the sales network and distribution channels for management's review and approval.
- In charge of the company's information technology, in charge of the company's website and internet connection.
-Maintaining and repairing the company's computers so that the work is guaranteed, not delayed.
Design the company's logo and product packaging to be eye-catching and beautiful.
2.1.3 Organizational characteristics of the accounting apparatus and accounting policies applied at the Company
A CTUAL SITUATION OF REVENUE AND EXPENSE ACCOUNTING ORGANIZATION AT
2.2.1.1 Accounting vouchers and rotation of accounting vouchers
Types of vouchers and invoices that the company uses as a basis for revenue recognition:
- Economic contract between the company and the partner.
When customers require spare parts, vehicles, or repair services, they reach out to the sales department This department is tasked with providing a quotation, and upon the customer's acceptance of the price, it confirms the order quantity The sales team then prepares a purchase and sale contract, which is sent to the customer for signature and stamping, ensuring that both parties retain a copy for their records.
According to the agreement, the Company will provide the spare parts to the buyer, and both parties will verify the status of the transaction along with the key individuals involved.
- For repair services: Customers will bring the car into the Company, the sales department will receive it and transfer it to the relevant service departments.
When purchasing a vehicle, customers will receive guidance from a staff member after selecting their desired car They will need to make a deposit and complete necessary procedures while awaiting the delivery date Upon receiving the vehicle, both the storekeeper and the buyer will sign the agreement, with two copies provided to the buyer as a travel document and recorded in the buyer's accounting book The third copy is retained by the warehouse keepers for documentation in the warehouse card and is subsequently transferred to the accountant for bookkeeping and payment processing, especially if the customer has not yet completed payment.
If there are no changes to the contract, the accounting department will verify and compare delivery notes, economic contracts, and acceptance minutes before issuing a financial invoice for customer signature Contact 01 is for saving documents, Contact 02 is for sending to customers, and Contact 03 pertains to payment documentation.
Upon immediate payment by the customer, the accounting department generates a payment receipt in triplicate: one copy is retained by the accounting department, the second is provided to the payer, and the third remains in the receipt book for record-keeping purposes.
- After delivering the goods to the buyer, if the customer pays by bank transfer, the Bank will send a Credit Notice to the Company.
To record sales revenue, use Account: Account 5111 Sales revenue and Account 5113: Service sale
Other related accounts such as: 111, 112, 131, 33311
Figure 2 2 The process of accounting entries to Subsidiary ledger, Account Ledger 511
Some transactions arising at the company in 2020 are as follows:
According to VAT invoice number 0000010 dated in 2020 selling spare parts to Thượng Hải Company Limited and customers paying by bank transfer.
Based on the VAT invoice, the ex-warehousing note, the accountant shall make the general journal entry as follows:
Transaction 1: On June 30, 2020, The company sells and installs the front fork for
30,000,000, the battery for 4,000,000 and the voltronic oil change for 3,000,000 for the car of Thuong Hai company with VAT 10%
Transaction 2: On July 25, 2020, the company sell and install soft close for
19,500,000 for a car of new client with VAT 10%
Transaction 3: On July 27, 2020, the company sell Motor Mount for 8,000,000 for car of Thuong Hai company
2.2.2.1 Accounting cost of good sold
Upon reaching an agreement, both parties must sign a sale or purchase contract that outlines essential details such as the goods' specifications, agreed price, payment method, payment terms, transaction location, and transportation means.
To facilitate transactions, it is essential to have proof of complaints when necessary The company's import and export processes rely on key documents, including goods receipt notes, warehouse cards, and goods delivery notes.
At the end of each month, the accountant gathers essential documents, including good receipts, delivery notes, and internal transportation records, to compile a comprehensive report on Import, Export, and Finished Goods inventory This process is crucial for accurately determining the cost of goods sold for that month.
2.2.2.2 Principles of recording cost of goods sold
The cost of goods sold (COGS) for the company encompasses the direct costs associated with the production of goods and services, along with any additional expenses that are accounted for as reductions in COGS during the reporting period.
2.2.2.3 Account and Process of Accounting
Account: 632 “Cost of goods sold”
Figure 2 3 The process of accounting entries to the Subsidiary ledger, Account 632 Ledger
Some transaction occurred at company
Transaction 1: On June 30, 2020, Acountant recorded Cost of good sold of Font fork as 18,000,000, battery as 2,200,000 and Voltronic oil as 1,800,000
Transaction 2:On July 25, 2020, Accountant recorded Cost of good sold of soft close
Transaction 3: On July 27, 2020, Accountant recorded cost of good sold of Motor mount
- The company uses the following documents: Purchasing request, payment request, payment slip, payroll, invoices purchased from outside to serve the sales department
2.2.3.2 Account and Process of Accounting
In the context of economic transactions involving the consumption of goods and finished products, accountants utilize delivery notes and payment slips to initiate the recording process They open a monitoring book and accurately document these transactions in the General Journal, ensuring precise financial tracking and accountability.
- At the end of the month, the cost of goods sold is transferred to Account 911 to determine business results.
To record selling expenses, the company uses account 641 in accordance with regulations of the Ministry of Finance.
Figure 2 4 The process of accounting entries to the Subsidiary ledger, Account Ledger 641
Some transaction occurred at company
Upon receiving the payment proposal from the sales department, the accountant prepares a payment slip and submits it to the chief accountant and board of directors for approval Once approved, the payment slip is forwarded to the treasurer for processing.
- After that, the accountant enters the data into the General Journal, Subsidiary ledger 641
- From General Journal to Ledger Account 641
Some transaction occurred at company in 2020
Transaction 1: According to invoice number 0000388 dated April 14, 2020, the company spends 1,800,000 to renew website services, 10% VAT, pay in cash.
Transaction 2: According to voucher No 1953199 dated June 28, 2020, the company spends 1,468,526 VND for phone calls for sales staff, 10% VAT, paid in cash.
Transaction 3: According to voucher number 0000146 dated August 29, 2020, the company spends money on advertising services in newspapers for 5,000,000 VND, 10% VAT, paid in cash.
2.2.4 Accounting General and administrative expenses
The management department has the salary table and deductions for social insurance, health insurance, and trade union expenses.
Service bills purchased from outside such as Stationery, electricity, water, telephone,petrol, reception costs, internet
2.2.4.2 Account and Process of Accounting
To account for General and administrative expenses, the company uses account 642
"General and administrative expenses" in accordance with regulations of the Ministry of Finance.
Figure 2 5 The process of accounting entries to the Subsidiary ledger 642, Account Ledger 642
Transaction 1:On July 28, 2020, Accountant recorded payment for office supplies as 1,866,979 with VAT 10%
Transaction 2: On July 28, 2020, Accountant recorded payment for office rent as 35,000,000 with VAT 10%
Transaction 3: On December 30, 2020, Accountant recorded payment for salaries of staff as 1 35,265,000 VND
2.2.5 Accounting for revenue from financial activities
Some transaction occurred at company in 2020
Based on the notice No 4 dated January 25, 2020 of Agribank, the interest rate on demand deposits is 73,674 VNĐ
Based on the notice No 8 dated June 25, 2020 of Agribank, the interest rate on demand deposits is 14,280 VNĐ
A CCOUNTING IDENTIFIED BUSINESS RESULTS
The company uses the following: Sales revenue, Cost of goods sold, Selling expense , General and administrative expense
2.3.2 Account and Process of Accounting
Figure 2 6 The process of accounting entries to the Subsidiary ledger , Account 911
- The process of determining business results and quoting the accounting books to reflect the Company's business results by recording Account 911
Transfer of revenue to account 911
Carry forward cost of goods sold in the period to account 911
Transfer financial income to account 911
Transfer of selling expenses in the period to account 911
Transferring General and administrative expense
Current corporate income tax expenses= (168,975,035*20%) = 33,795,007- 30%*33,795,007 = 21,550,727
In 2020, Article 1 of Resolution No 116/2020/QH14 outlined that various entities, including enterprises, cooperative organizations, and non-business units established under Vietnamese law, are eligible for corporate income tax (CIT) reductions Specifically, the Decree states that enterprises with total revenue not exceeding VND 200 billion for the 2020 CIT calculation period can benefit from a 30% reduction in their payable CIT amount.
Determine the profit and loss of the Company in 2020 as follows:
Profit after tax = {[(Sales revenue – Deductions) – Cost of goods sold] + (Financial income – Financial expenses) – (Insurance expenses + general and administration expenses business) + (Other income – Other expenses)} - Current income tax expense
Profit after tax transfer to account 421:
Chỉ tiêu Mã số Thuyết minh 2019 2020
1 Doanh thu bán hàng và cung cấp dịch vụ 01
2 Các khoản giảm trừ doanh thu 02 0 0
3 Doanh thu thuần về bán hàng và cung cấp dịch vụ (10= 01-02) 10
5 Lợi nhuận gộp về bán hàng và cung cấp dịch vụ
6 Doanh thu hoạt động tài chính 21 670,796 167,890
- Trong đó: Chi phí lãi vay 23 0 0
9 Chi phí quản lý doanh nghiệp 26 107,153,599 227,122,223
10 Lợi nhuận thuần từ hoạt động kinh doanh
14 Tổng lợi nhuận kế toán trước thuế (50 = 30 + 40) 50 105,163,427 168,975,035
15 Chi phí thuế TNDN hiện hành 51 21,032,685 21,550,727
16 Chi phí thuế TNDN hoãn lại 52 0 0
17 Lợi nhuận sau thuế thu nhập doanh nghiệp
18 Lãi cơ bản trên cổ phiếu (*) 70 0 0
19 Lãi suy giảm trên cổ phiếu (*) 71 0 0
SOME RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FINISHING THE
A SSESS THE CURRENT STATUS OF ACCOUNTING WORK IN GENERAL AND REVENUE ,
- A team of dynamic, eager to learn, qualified workers and a capable leadership apparatus, always interested in employees in the company.
- The compact management system helps the company operate easily and quickly.
The company's accounting structure is streamlined and efficient, featuring a well-organized workflow The accounting team is composed of experienced and professional staff who demonstrate enthusiasm and creativity in their work.
The company's accountant has implemented the accounting order in line with the Ministry of Finance's standards, ensuring that accounting entries are accurate, efficient, and appropriately reflect economic transactions This approach facilitates timely data verification and comparison, enhancing the overall reliability of financial reporting.
The accounting apparatus is well-structured, featuring a division of labor tailored to the volume of accounting activities and the Company's primary accounting functions This scientific approach enhances both comparability and oversight All accounting personnel are professionally trained and regularly update their knowledge of new accounting regulations The Company employs a centralized accounting model that aligns with its current needs, ensuring effective monitoring and verification of all economic transactions.
Company, particularly those relating to consumption and results, thereby assisting management.
The Company utilizes a general journal accounting form that effectively supports its accounting organization This method seamlessly combines time-based and systematic recording, along with general and detailed accounting, facilitating efficient data checking, comparison, and reporting.
The Company's accounting document storage system is designed to ensure secure and efficient access to information, complying with scientific assurance standards Original accounting vouchers are systematically organized into various categories and collected monthly and quarterly Documents from the fiscal year are stored in designated compartments, ensuring they are readily available for audits and financial reviews.
- The company uses the accounting system in compliance with the Minister of Finance's Circular 200/2014/TT-BTC, applying it appropriately and thoroughly.
- The Company recognises revenue immediately once the goods are delivered to the buyer The sales company generates an invoice, accounts for revenue and expenses, and verifies compliance.
- Revenue is recognised strictly according to the "recognition principle" in the enterprise, and expenses are similarly consistently tracked, producing advantageous conditions for assessing the enterprise's outcomes.
The Company employs the regular declaration accounting method, which is well-suited to its business characteristics due to the high volume of daily accounting vouchers generated.
Accounting for company results involves integrating revenue and cost accounting to assess business performance This process is conducted monthly and quarterly, allowing for timely verification of accounting data By providing accurate insights into business activities, it enables managers to make informed decisions and necessary adjustments for future operations.
The financial reporting system of the Company effectively caters to the information needs of state management while also satisfying the diverse requirements of various economic organizations.
- Accounting software was used by the corporation in its accounting operations, which decreased the effort for accounting staff while ensuring total correctness of accounting information.
Besides the advantages achieved, the accounting of revenue, costs and business results at Tuan Loc Thang Co., Ltd also has the following limitations:
Limitations on revenue accounting and revenue deductions
The company's approach to trade discounts for frequent clients who make substantial purchases involves deducting the discount directly from the final invoice instead of recording it under account 5211, "trade discount." This method may seem illogical, as it prevents clear tracking of discounts Consequently, it would be more beneficial for the final invoice to explicitly display the business discount that the customer is entitled to receive.
As a result, in order to minimise data processing errors, an accountant must be designed to track this discount through account 5211.
Effective accounting for returned goods is crucial for a company's exchange policy with retail customers When defective items are sold, the company opts to exchange rather than record the returned goods, significantly influencing overall business performance.
The corporation employs the average method for calculating inventory costs on a monthly basis, which simplifies the process by requiring only a single calculation each month However, this method may lack accuracy and fail to satisfy the accounting information needs during significant events.
The company's sales contract clearly states in Article 5 that Party A, the purchaser, is required to settle debts within 30 days In the event of a late payment, Party A incurs a penalty of 0.5 percent of the outstanding amount for each day of delay Despite this, many consumers consistently pay late, complicating the collection of fines and adversely affecting the capital turnover cycle.
The company has not accounted for bad debts, despite some clients consistently making large purchases without timely payments These overdue debts need to be acknowledged and appropriately factored into the company's management expenses To mitigate financial risks, the company must carefully monitor and provision for potentially uncollectible receivables.
The Company currently does not account for inventory devaluation, which leads to a lack of awareness regarding market price declines This oversight complicates the pricing strategy and negatively affects the consumption of goods.
T HE CAUSE OF THE LIMITATIONS
Detailed accounting has not received adequate attention at the Company, and no rules for analysing business performance for each item have been established.
The Company lacks regular inspection and control of accounting practices, particularly in the auditing of revenue, costs, and business results The chief accountant has conducted audits independently, without the support of an internal auditor.
A significant factor contributing to ongoing issues in the accounting department is the lack of motivation among accountants to seek improvements in their work processes Instead of actively pursuing self-education or proposing innovative solutions, accountants tend to adhere strictly to existing practices This complacency results in less valuable information being generated for management decision-making, ultimately hindering the effectiveness of the accounting function within the company.
S OME SOLUTIONS TO COMPLETE REVENUE , COST AND RESULT ACCOUNTING
In accounting, corporations only record net sales by deducting trade discounts from invoices, which can lead to illogical financial reporting To maintain accurate revenue deduction information, accountants must track these discounts using account 5211.
Effective monitoring and management of trade discounts is essential for companies, as it provides insights into the relationship between trade discounts and total sales deductions Understanding this ratio helps assess the impact of strategic trade discounts on overall revenue By analyzing this data, managers can formulate realistic sales strategies that encourage consumption without compromising the company's profitability.
Complete the accounting of returned goods
- For goods returned to warehouse:
If a product is damaged yet remains usable, it can be sold at a discounted price or repaired, such as in the case of sanitary equipment The accountant is responsible for processing the exchange and accurately recording the revenue deduction.
+ When defective products cannot be used, the accountant will re-enter the warehouse of defective products, such as recovered junk, and record a revenue decrease.
- For goods exchanged for customers, there are two cases as follows:
Case 1: Exchange goods of the same type
Damaged products that are still usable can either be repaired or sold at a discounted price The accountant's primary role involves facilitating the exchange of these goods for the customer and accurately recording the revenue from new sales For items deemed unusable, accountants manage the recovered scrap and document the cost of new goods sold, ensuring an accurate increase in revenue is recorded.
+ The entry reflects the payment of the difference between two types of goods and the customer:
When the value of goods exchanged for a customer differs from the value of the returned items, the company documents the corresponding difference in amounts.
Method of calculating cost of goods sold
The corporation should adopt the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method for inventory cost calculation, particularly due to its focus on a limited range of products, primarily electronic goods and components The company strategically regulates imports when inventory levels drop to 10%, ensuring that the cost of items in stock closely aligns with market prices This approach enhances the economic significance of the inventory indicator on the balance sheet, reflecting a more accurate valuation of the company's assets.
This technique operates on the principle that products are bought before being shipped, with inventory value calculated based on the first-in price and continued sequentially until items are dispatched The cost of goods is promptly assessed after each shipment, ensuring accurate data recording and providing valuable insights for management and more precise company appraisal Consequently, this method addresses the limitations of the weighted average approach, offering a higher degree of accuracy.
A provision for bad debts accounts for the potential loss in value of overdue receivables, as well as those that, while not yet overdue, may be uncollectible due to the debtors' inability to pay.
- The company calculates bad debts and provisions to guarantee that revenue and expenses balance in the period.
To effectively manage potential losses from overdue debts, companies should proactively allocate funds for anticipated bad debts It's essential that receivables are supported by original documentation, including economic contracts and debt covenants, to verify and validate the existence of the debt.
The level of provisioning is regulated as follows:
- 30% of the value for overdue receivables from over 6 months to less than 1 year.
- 50% of the value for receivables that are overdue from 1 year to less than 2 years.
- 70% of the value for receivables that are overdue from 2 years to less than 3 years.
- 100% value for receivables from 3 years or more.
Using account: Account 229 – Provision for property loss,
Account 2293 – Provision for bad debts, this account keeps track of details for each object and each bad receivable that the enterprise has made provision
- Market prices, as is well known, fluctuate arbitrarily, but items purchased by businesses are not necessarily sold immediately.
Items stored for long durations can experience significant price fluctuations, leading to a net realisable value that may differ from the original price If this value exceeds the initial cost, the company gains a profit; conversely, if it falls below the original cost, the business incurs a loss To mitigate these risks, companies should proactively plan for the depreciation of their goods.
- Formula for calculating provision for devaluation of inventory
Backup level need to set up for product A = ( Quantity inventory of product A) X(‘’Original price of a unit of A’’ - ‘’Net price of a unit of good A’’ )
At the conclusion of the fiscal year, if the amount allocated for the upcoming year matches the previous year's provision balance, it is deemed unnecessary to set aside additional funds.
- If the provision for devaluation of difficult inventories for the next year is greater than the balance on account 2294, additional deductions will be made:
If the provision for devaluation of inventories that are difficult to make for the next year is smaller, the balance on account 2294 will be reversed:
T UAN L OC T HANG C O , L TD ' S IMPLEMENTATION CONDITIONS FOR IMPROVING
- The accounting job must be rigorously inspected and controlled by the company's leadership Furthermore, accounting employees must be responsible and adhere to professional ethics.
- To serve accounting task, the organisation must have financial capacity and invest in equipment, machinery, science, and technology.
- The structure of financial accounting work must adhere to legal requirements, taking into consideration the features of production and business, as well as the size of the enterprise.
Effectively assigning responsibilities among accounting staff is crucial for enhancing operational efficiency It is important to establish clear relationships between accountants within the same department, as well as across different sections, to ensure proper handling of vouchers This includes accurate data provision and thorough checks for comparability, which ultimately supports streamlined financial operations.
Accounting is essential for providing accurate insights into a company's revenue, expenses, and operational performance, enabling managers to assess the current business landscape and forecast future viability However, many businesses in our country still face challenges in effectively accounting for these elements, leading to insufficient information for decision-making To enhance economic and financial management, it is critical for companies, especially commercial organizations, to refine their accounting practices This improvement is particularly urgent for Tuan Loc Thang Co., Ltd, as it directly impacts the objectivity and compliance with regulatory requirements in their financial reporting processes.
1 Circular No 200/2014/TT-BTC dated December 22, 2014 of the Ministry of Finance
2 Financial accounting part 1, Nguyen Van Cong, Publishing House Social Labor, 2011
3 Financial accounting part 2, Nguyen Van Cong, Publishing House Social Labor, 2011
5 Sổ sách công ty TNHH Tuấn Lộc Thắng
Figure 1 1 Chart of accounting for sales and service
Figure 1 2 Accounting for revenue from financial activities
Figure 1 4 Cost of goods sold (according to periodic inventory method)
Figure 1 5 Financial expense accounting chart
Figure 1 6 General and adminstrative expense accounting process
Figure 1 7 Chart of accounting expenses for corporate income tax
Figure 1 8 Determine business result accounting process
SỔ NHẬT KÍ CHUNG Đơn vị: VNĐ
Người ghi sổ Kế toán trưởng Giám đốc
(Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên, đóng dấu)
Diễn Giải Đã ghi sổ cái
Lũy kế chuyển kì sau 834,922,525 834,922,525
Pursuant to the General Journal, the Accountant shall make the ledger account of Account 511 as follows:
TUAN LOC THANG CO., LTD
Loc Thang Town, Bao Lam District, Lam Dong Province Mẫu số S03aDN
Tel: 37580360 - Fax: 37580361 (Ban hành theo thông tư số
200/2014/TT/BTC ngày 22/12/2014 của Bộ Tài Chính)
Người ghi sổ Kế toán trưởng Giám đốc
(Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên, đóng dấu)
HOÁ ĐƠN GIÁ TRỊ GIA TĂNG Liên 3: Nội bộ Ngày 25 tháng 07 năm 2020
Ký hiệu: HQ/20PSố: 0000010 Đơn vị bán hàng: Công ty TNHH Tuấn Lộc Thắng
Mã số thuế: 5801020695 Điện thoại: 0312669565 Địa chỉ:
Số tài khoản:8012211030070-Ngân hàng Nông nghiệp và phát triển nông thôn-Lâm Đồng
Họ tên người mua hàng:
Tên đơn vị: ………… Công ty TNHH Thượng Hải ………
Mã số thuế: 5701164132 Điện thoai: Địa chỉ: ….………
Hình thức thanh toán: TM/ CK
STT Tên hàng hoá, dịch vụ Đơn vị tính Số lượng Đơn giá Thành tiền
Thuế suất GTGT: 10% Tiền thuế GTGT: 3.700.000
Tổng cộng tiền thanh toán 40.700.000
Số tiền viết bằng chữ: Bốn triệu chín trăm năm mươi nghìn đồng chăn
Người mua hàng Người bán hàng Thủ trưởng đơn vị
(Ký, ghi rõ họ tên) (Ký, ghi rõ họ tên) (Ký, đóng dấu, ghi rõ họ tên)
(Cần kiểm tra , đối chiếu khi lập, giao nhận hóa đơn)
HOÁ ĐƠN GIÁ TRỊ GIA TĂNG Liên 3 : Nội bộ Ngày 25 tháng 07 năm 2020
Ký hiệu: HQ/20P Số: 0000045 Đơn vị bán hàng: Công ty TNHH Tuấn Lộc Thắng
Mã số thuế: 5801020695 Điện thoại: 0312669565 Địa chỉ:
Số tài khoản: 8012211030070-Ngân Hàng Nông Ngiệp Và Phát Triển Nông Thôn – LĐ
Họ tên người mua hàng:
Tên đơn vị: Công Ty TNHH Thượng Hải
Mã số thuế:.5700987538 Địa chỉ:
Hình thức thanh toán: CK/TM
STT Tên hàng hoá, dịch vụ Đơn vị tính Số lượng Đơn giá Thành tiền
Thuế suất GTGT: 10% Tiền thuế GTGT: 1.950.000
Tổng cộng tiền thanh toán 21.450.000
Số tiền viết bằng chữ: Muời lăm triệu tám trăm bốn muơi nghìn đồng
Người mua hàng Người bán hàng Thủ trưởng đơn vị
(Ký, ghi rõ họ tên) (Ký, ghi rõ họ tên) (Ký, đóng dấu, ghi rõ họ tên)
(Cần kiểm tra, đối chiêu khi lập, giao nhận hóa đơn)
HOÁ ĐƠN GIÁ TRỊ GIA TĂNG Liên 3 : Nội bộ Ngày 27 tháng 07 năm 2020
HQ/20P Số: 0000054 Đơn vị bán hàng: Công ty TNHH Tuấn Lộc Thắng
Mã số thuế: 5801020695 Điện thoại: 0312669565 Địa chỉ:
Số tài khoản: 8012211030070-Ngân Hàng Nông Ngiệp Và Phát Triển Nông Thôn – LĐ
Họ tên người mua hàng:
Tên đơn vị: Công Ty TNHH Thượng Hải
Mã số thuế:.5700987538 Địa chỉ:
Hình thức thanh toán: CK/TM
STT Tên hàng hoá, dịch vụ Đơn vị tính Số lượng Đơn giá Thành tiền
1 Cao su chân máy cái 4 2.000.000 8.000.000
Thuế suất GTGT: 10% Tiền thuế GTGT: 800.000
Tổng cộng tiền thanh toán 8.800.000
Số tiền viết bằng chữ: Muời lăm triệu tám trăm bốn muơi nghìn đồng
Người mua hàng Người bán hàng Thủ trưởng đơn vị
(Ký, ghi rõ họ tên) (Ký, ghi rõ họ tên) (Ký, đóng dấu, ghi rõ họ tên)
(Cần kiểm tra, đối chiêu khi lập, giao nhận hóa đơn)
TUAN LOC THANG CO., LTD
Loc Thang Town, Bao Lam District, Lam Dong Province Mẫu số S03a-DN
(Ban hành theo thông tư số 200/2014/TT/BTC ngày 22/12/2014 của Bộ Tài Chính)
Người ghi sổ Kế toán trưởng Giám đốc
(Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên, đóng dấu)
Pursuant to the General Journal, the Accountant shall make the ledger account of Account 632 as follows:
TUAN LOC THANG CO., LTD
Loc Thang Town, Bao Lam District, Lam Dong Province
Người ghi sổ Kế toán trưởng Giám đốc
(Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên, đóng dấu)
TUAN LOC THANG CO., LTD
Loc Thang Town, Bao Lam District, Lam Dong Province Mẫu số S03a-DN
Người ghi sổ Kế toán trưởng Giám đốc
TUAN LOC THANG CO., LTD
Loc Thang Town, Bao Lam District, Lam Dong Province
Người ghi sổ Kế toán trưởng Giám đốc
TUAN LOC THANG CO., LTD
Loc Thang Town, Bao Lam District, Lam Dong Province Mẫu số S03a-DN
Người ghi sổ Kế toán trưởng Giám đốc
(Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên, đóng dấu)
TUAN LOC THANG CO., LTD Mẫu số S03a-DN
Loc Thang Town, Bao Lam District, Lam Dong Province
Người ghi sổ Kế toán trưởng Giám đốc
(Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên, đóng dấu)
TUAN LOC THANG CO., LTD Mẫu số S03a-DN
Loc Thang Town, Bao Lam District, Lam Dong Province
Người ghi sổ Kế toán trưởng Giám đốc
(Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên, đóng dấu)
TUAN LOC THANG CO., LTD
Loc Thang Town, Bao Lam District, Lam Dong Province
Người ghi sổ Kế toán trưởng Giám đốc
(Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên) (Kí, họ tên, đóng dấu)