ADVANCED TOPICS IN MEASUREMENTS Edited by Md. Zahurul Haq Advanced Topics in Measurements Edited by Md. Zahurul Haq Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2012 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. As for readers, this license allows users to download, copy and build upon published chapters even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Mirna Cvijic Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer InTech Design Team First published February, 2012 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechweb.org Advanced Topics in Measurements, Edited by Md. Zahurul Haq p. cm. ISBN 978-953-51-0128-4 Contents Preface IX Chapter 1 System for High Speed Measurement of Head-Related Transfer Function 1 Andrzej B. Dobrucki, Przemysław Plaskota and Piotr Pruchnicki Chapter 2 Precise Measurement System for Knee Joint Motion During the Pendulum Test Using Two Linear Accelerometers 19 Yoshitake Yamamoto, Kazuaki Jikuya, Toshimasa Kusuhara, Takao Nakamura, Hiroyuki Michinishi and Takuji Okamoto Chapter 3 XAFS Measurement System in the Soft X-Ray Region for Various Sample Conditions and Multipurpose Measurements 43 Koji Nakanishi and Toshiaki Ohta Chapter 4 Laser-Induced Damage Density Measurements of Optical Materials 61 Laurent Lamaignère Chapter 5 Fringe Pattern Demodulation Using Evolutionary Algorithms 79 L. E. Toledo, F. J. Cuevas, J. F. Jiménez Vielma and J. H. Sossa Chapter 6 Round Wood Measurement System 103 Karel Janák Chapter 7 Machine Vision Measurement Technology and Agricultural Applications 131 Abdullah Beyaz Chapter 8 Measurement System of Fine Step-Height Discrimination Capability of Human Finger’s Tactile Sense 163 Takuya Kawamura, Kazuo Tani and Hironao Yamada VI Contents Chapter 9 Overview of Novel Post-Processing Techniques to Reduce Uncertainty in Antenna Measurements 179 Manuel Sierra-Castañer, Alfonso Muñoz-Acevedo, Francisco Cano-Fácila and Sara Burgos Chapter 10 An Analysis of the Interaction of Electromagnetic and Thermal Fields with Materials Based on Fluctuations and Entropy Production 205 James Baker-Jarvis Chapter 11 Risk Performance Index and Measurement System 227 Seon-Gyoo Kim Chapter 12 Shape Optimization of Mechanical Components for Measurement Systems 243 Alexander Janushevskis, Janis Auzins, Anatoly Melnikovs and Anita Gerina-Ancane Chapter 13 Measurement and Modeling Techniques for the Fourth Generation Broadband Over Copper 263 Diogo Acatauassu, Igor Almeida, Francisco Muller, Aldebaro Klautau, Chenguang Lu, Klas Ericson and Boris Dortschy Chapter 14 Protocol Measurements in BitTorrent Environments 285 Răzvan Deaconescu Chapter 15 Wide Area Measurement Systems 303 Mohammad Shahraeini and Mohammad Hossein Javidi Chapter 16 Dynamic State Estimator Based on Wide Area Measurement System During Power System Electromechanical Transient Process 323 Xiaohui Qin, Baiqing Li and Nan Liu Chapter 17 From Conditional Probability Measurements to Global Matrix Representations on Variant Construction – A Particle Model of Intrinsic Quantum Waves for Double Path Experiments 339 Jeffrey Zheng, Christian Zheng and T.L. Kunii Chapter 18 From Local Interactive Measurements to Global Matrix Representations on Variant Construction – A Particle Model of Quantum Interactions for Double Path Experiments 371 Jeffrey Zheng, Christian Zheng and T.L. Kunii Preface “There is no such thing as an easy experiment, nor is there any substitute for careful experimentation in many areas of basic research and applied product development.” From Experimental Methods for Engineers by J. P. Holman Measurement is a multidisciplinary experimental science. Measurement systems synergistically blend science, engineering and statistical methods to provide fundamental data for research, design and development, control of processes and operations, and facilitate safe and economic performance of systems. In recent years, measuring techniques have expanded rapidly and gained maturity, through extensive research activities and hardware advancements. With individual chapters authored by eminent professionals in their respective topics, Advanced Topics in Measurements attempts to provide a comprehensive presentation on some of the key applied and advanced topics in measurements for scientists, engineers and educators. These two books illustrate the diversity of measurement systems, and provide in-depth guidance for specific practical problems and applications. I wish to express my gratitude to the authors of the chapters for their valuable and highly professional contributions. I am very grateful to Ms. Gorana Scerbe and Ms. Mirna Cvijic, publishing process managers of the present project and the editorial and production staff at InTech. Finally, I wish to acknowledge and appreciate the patience and understanding of my family. Prof. Md. Zahurul Haq, Ph.D. Department of Mechanical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh . ADVANCED TOPICS IN MEASUREMENTS Edited by Md. Zahurul Haq Advanced Topics in Measurements Edited by Md. Zahurul Haq Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9,. eminent professionals in their respective topics, Advanced Topics in Measurements attempts to provide a comprehensive presentation on some of the key applied and advanced topics in measurements for. conduct the whole Advanced Topics in Measurements 6 measurement in less than 10 minutes. Obviously, the number of measurement points can be modified. Changing the resolution in a vertical plane