Advanced Topics in Mass Transfer Part 2 pot

[...]... 640: 1- 32 Wilson, G & McHugh, P (20 05) Unsteady numerical simulation of the mass transfer within a reciprocating paddle electroplating cell, J.Electrochem Soc 1 52( 6): 356–365 18 60 Mass Transfer Advanced Topics in Mass Transfer Wu, B Q., Liu, Z., Keigler, A & Harrell, J (20 05) Diffusion boundary layer studies in an industrial wafer plating cell, journal of the Electrochemical Society 1 52( 5): 27 2 27 6 4... (permalloy) static wafers (Tzanavaras & Cohen, 1995) Hereby no moving parts pass through the solution, but the 2 44 Mass Transfer Advanced Topics in Mass Transfer solution itself is pumped through small openings causing jet mixing in the system An improvement of this system was investigated The mixing and transport processes are described for each stirring system Firstly, the paddle system characteristics are... transfer In gas, mass transfer can occur through the following two mechanisms: (1) convection which typically occurs in the gas bulk and (2) molecular diffusion which is the dominant near interfaces In many cases, the rate of convective mass transfer can be relatively easily enhanced by blowing a gas into the media bulk or by applying some other method of increasing the forced convection Therefore, the main... the following equation (Heuter & Bolt, 1966) 2 R= 1⎛ 1⎞ 2 2π d ⎜ m − ⎟ sin 4⎝ m⎠ 2 2 1⎛ 1⎞ 2 d 1 + ⎜ m − ⎟ sin 2 4⎝ m⎠ 2 (6) Here, d is the plate thickness, 2 is the length of sound wave in medium 2, m is the ratio of acoustic impedances of the media 1 and 2 The acoustic impedance is a key parameter in understanding the behaviour of sound wave when incident on a surface Generally, acoustic impedance... supply energy directly to the interfaces and, thus, to influence the interfacial mass transfer rates Attractiveness of ultrasonics is associated with the following features of sound First, sound waves have the ability to propagate through homogeneous elastic mediums including gas without significant losses, and thus to effectively transfer the 62 Advanced Topics in Mass Transfer acoustic energy from... Controlled Mixing and Transport Comb-Like and Random Jet Jet Array Stirring Systems Controlled Mixing and Transport in in Comb-Like and Random Array Stirring Systems 15 57 Fig 11 J vs K for the jet array system 6 Conclusion In the microelectronics industry, the paddle-cell is widely used for enhancing mass transfer in diffusion controlled plating of alloys In this paper two alternative stirring sytems,... Reactor having multiple electrodes and/or enclosed reciprocating paddles, and associated methods US patent No 20 05000817A1, Semitool, Inc Ollivier, A., Muhr, L., Delbos, S., Grand, P P., Matlosz, M & Chassaing, E (20 09) Copper–nickel codeposition as a model for mass- transfer characterization in copper-indium-selenium thin-film production, Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 39( 12) : 23 37 23 44 Powers,... layer in such systems The following findings are based on the experimental results obtained from (Delbos et al., 20 09b;a), which also describe the experimental details of their experiments, which will not be repeated here The operating conditions of the jet systems are described in table 4 Fig 8 Definition diagram of a jet array, showing the single jet discharges and their merging  12 54 Mass Transfer Advanced. .. those of mass transfer In the mass transfer controlling regime, any enhancement of the mass transfer rate should raise productivity of the above-mentioned processes, that in turn provides an option to reduce the energy consumption and production cost Another important point to note is that inadequate control of mass transfer between different regions of the reactors or furnaces often results in a local... deviation σCu 14 56 Mass Transfer Advanced Topics in Mass Transfer Fig 9 Measured deposition current is plotted as a function of the geometric deposition current JC decreases when K increases, indicating that the homogeneity of the electrodeposited layer increases when K increases Random injection generates more homogeneous deposition, high values of distance nozzle-to-cathode, initial velocity, and . composition is the same as in similar experiments performed in a jet firing array system (Delbos et al., 20 09a). 46 Advanced Topics in Mass Transfer Controlled Mixing and Transport in Comb-Like and Random. no moving parts pass through the solution, but the 3 2 Mass Transfer solution itself is pumped through small openings causing jet mixing in the system. An improvement of this system was investigated. The. cathode. Measurement u w u RMS w RMS σ 4 .2 % 13 .2 % 4.1 % 7.1 % Table 2. Uncertainty of LDV measurements in the modular comb electrolyser. 48 Advanced Topics in Mass Transfer