Oracle Designer 6i: Web PL/ SQL Design and Generation docx

1-12 Applications for the Course 1-17 Practice 1—1: Browsing a Generated Application 1-18 Inputs to the Generator 2-8 Outputs from the Generator 2-9 Installing the Generated PL/SQL 2-10

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Restricted Rights Legend

Use, duplication or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions for commercial computer software and shall be deemed to be Restricted Rights software under Federal law, as set forth in subparagraph (c) (1) (ii) of DFARS 252.227-7013, Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software (October 1988) This material or any portion of it may not be copied in any form or by any means without the express prior written permission of the Worldwide Education Services group of Oracle Corporation Any other copying is a violation of copyright law and may result in civil and/or criminal penalties.

If this documentation is delivered to a U.S Government Agency not within the Department of Defense, then it is delivered with “Restricted Right,” as defined in FAR 52.227-14, Rights in Data-General, including Alternate III (June 1987) The information in this document is subject to change without notice If you find any problems in the documentation, please report them in writing to Education Products, Oracle Corporation, 500 Oracle Parkway, Box 659806, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 Oracle Corporation does not warrant that this document is error-free.

Oracle, SQL*Plus, SQL*Net, Oracle Developer, Oracle7, Oracle8, Oracle

Designer and PL/SQL are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle

Corporation.

All other products or company names are used for identification purposes only, and may be trademarks of their respective owners.

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Contents

Lesson 1: Introduction

Introduction 1-2

How to Learn About Oracle Designer 1-4

The Oracle Designer Curriculum 1-5

System Building 1-7

What are the Components for Web PL/SQL Generation? 1-10

Three-Tier Architecture 1-11

Where Does the Web PL/SQL Generator Fit In? 1-12

Applications for the Course 1-17

Practice 1—1: Browsing a Generated Application 1-18

Inputs to the Generator 2-8

Outputs from the Generator 2-9

Installing the Generated PL/SQL 2-10

Understanding the Module Structure 2-13

Practice 2—1: Generating a Simple Module 2-17

Practice 2—2: Installing and Running a Simple Module 2-18

Practice 2—3: Exploring the Module Structure 2-19

Practice 2—4: Making a Module Component Reusable 2-20

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Lesson 3: Setting Up the Generation Environment

Introduction 3-2

Preparing for Generation 3-4

Investigating the Web PL/SQL Toolkit 3-5

Using the Web PL/SQL Generator Library 3-7

Understanding the Table API 3-9

Building and Generating the Table API 3-11

Pre-Generation Check List 3-13

Practice 3—1: Generating the Table API 3-15

Practice 3—2: Investigating the Web PL/SQL Toolkit 3-16

Practice 3—3: Investigating the Generated Code 3-17

Lesson 4: Designing Web PL/SQL Modules

Introduction 4-2

Preparing for Module Design 4-4

Establishing Display Standards 4-5

Using the Application Design Transformer 4-8

Linking Table Usages in a Module Manually 4-9

Using the Default Links Utility 4-11

Creating a Module Semi-Automatically 4-13

Creating a Module Manually 4-15

Practice 4—2: Creating a Web Module Manually 4-23

Practice 4—3: Creating a Web Module from a Captured Form 4-25

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Module Component Pages: Record List 5-8

Module Component Pages: Insert Form 5-12

Item Layout Styles 5-13

Module Component Display Styles 5-14

Removing Duplicate Data from a Record List 5-17

Summarizing Data on a Record List 5-19

Practice 5—1: Adding Descriptive Information 5-22

Practice 5—2: Changing the Item Layout Style 5-23

Practice 5—3: Altering Module Component Display Styles 5-24

Practice 5—4: Summarizing Data on a Record List 5-25

Lesson 6: Implementing User Interface Standards

Introduction 6-2

Using the Toolkit in User Text 6-9

Using Custom Functions in User Text 6-10

Adding Standard Headers and Footers to Applications 6-14

Setting the Default Colors 6-15

Creating a Document Template 6-16

Mapping Document Templates to Generated Pages 6-19

Creating a Frameset 6-20

Invoking a Custom Frameset 6-24

Practice 6—1: Adding Static Text and Images 6-28

Practice 6—2: Adding Standard Headers and Footers 6-30

Practice 6—3: Formatting Column Values 6-32

Practice 6—4: Using a Style Sheet 6-33

Practice 6—5: Creating a Custom Frameset 6-35

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Lesson 7: Building More Complex Modules

Introduction 7-2

Placing the Detail Record List 7-4

Providing Master Context Information 7-8

Lists of Values 7-10

Adding a List of Values to a Module 7-12

Refining a List of Values 7-15

Controlling the Display of Lists of Values 7-19

Updating and Inserting Multiple Records 7-20

Controlling User Input 7-22

Practice 7—1: Examining a Master–Detail Module 7-26

Practice 7—2: Reducing Pages in a Master–Detail Module 7-27

Practice 7—3: Adding Contextual Information 7-29

Practice 7—4: Adding Lists of Values 7-30

Practice 7—5: Creating Multiple Row Insert Pages 7-32

Practice 7—6: Using Default Values and Calendars 7-33

Defining an Event Code Segment 8-11

Using the Logic Editor 8-12

Defining Custom Items 8-17

Deriving a Value from an SQL Expression 8-18

Deriving a Value from a Function 8-20

Embedding Java in a Web PL/SQL Application 8-22

Practice 8—1: Adding Client-Side Event Code 8-28

Practice 8—2: Adding Server-Side Named Routines and Events 8-30

Practice 8—3: Populating an Unbound Item 8-31

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Lesson 9: Security and Web PL/SQL Applications

Introduction 9-2

Security Issues 9-3

Restricting Data Access 9-4

Approaches to Security in the Server 9-7

Implementing Security Using Packages 9-10

Practice 9—2: Implementing Self-Service Security 9-18

Lesson 10: Completing Your Application

Introduction 10-2

Creating Screen Modules with No Data Usages 10-5

Defining a Module Network 10-8

Using Action Items to Control Navigation 10-12

Repeating Modules in the Network 10-14

Defining Links to External Web Pages 10-15

Generating the Module Network 10-17

Distributing a Web PL/SQL Application 10-18

Practice 10—1: Creating a Launch Page Module 10-21

Practice 10—2: Using Menu Modules to Create a Menu Structure 10-22Practice 10—3: Building an Online Help System 10-24

Practice 10—4: Creating a Module Network 10-25

Practice 10—5: Linking to a URL 10-26

Appendix A: Solutions

Practice 1—1: Solutions A-2

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Introduction

1

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Aim of the Course

This course focuses on the essential tasks of generating a fully functional Web-based application

You can run the generated applications using any Oracle Web server, howeverbecause

we have built the course using WebDB, any references to a Web server are based on this product

You learned the basic uses of Oracle Designer in First Class In this course you focus

on designing and generating Oracle Web PL/SQL modules

1-5

Course Objectives

Use Oracle Designer to:

• Design and build a complete

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Objectives

At the end of this course, you should be able to do the following:

• Browse a generated Web PL/SQL application

• Design and build a fully-functional Web PL/SQL application that satisfies a set of specifications

• Control the layout and behavior of generated applications by means of preferences and templates

• Identify the input sources for the Web PL/SQL Generator and explain the

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How to Learn About Oracle Designer

Oracle Designer is a powerful, but complex product Learning how to use it takes time Completing the First Class course was the first step, which gave you a practical, hands-on overview

First Class

The goal of First Class is to teach you the basic use of the key components of the Oracle Designer toolset The course is broad in scope, but not deep First Class stresses the default behavior of the Oracle Designer toolset

As its name suggests, First Class is the mandatory prerequisite for all the other courses

in the Oracle Designer curriculum

• Play complex pieces

Experience

• Master tools, technique, and theory

• Make music!

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The Oracle Designer Curriculum

The Oracle Designer Curriculum

In the focus courses you learn more about Oracle Designer

Oracle Designer 6i: Systems Modeling

This course emphasizes the need for thorough analysis and teaches you how to maximize the Oracle Designer analysis capabilities to implement analysis techniques

Oracle Designer 6i: Server Design and Generation

This course teaches you to use Oracle Designer to apply relational database principles and techniques to build an OLTP server model

Oracle Designer 6i: Forms Design and Generation

This course teaches you how to improve productivity and ease application

maintenance by using Oracle Designer to design and build forms applications

Oracle Designer 6i: Web PL/SQL Design and Generation

This course teaches you the essential tasks of generating a fully-functional Web-based application from start to finish

1-7

Oracle Designer Curriculum

Systems Modeling Server Design & Generation

Web PL/SQL Design &

Generation

First Class

Form Design

& Generation

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The Roadmap

The curriculum path illustrates the order in which you should take the courses The Oracle Designer curriculum is designed to bring you up to speed quickly and to maximize your productivity

Oracle Designer R2:

Forms Design and Generation

Oracle Designer Web PL/SQL Design and Generation

Managing Development Using Oracle Repository

Oracle Designer

New Features

Data Modeling and Relational Database Design

Oracle Designer Systems Modeling

Oracle Designer Forms Design and Generation

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You also know that there are tools that can help you achieve your goal of designing and building a system

How do you make it all work???

1-10

Building Systems that Work

I need a recipe that tells me

… what to do

…and a tool that automates the process.

…and how to do it

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Methods, Techniques, and CASE Tools

What Do You Do? The answer to this question is “follow a method.” A method

addresses the specific tasks required and specifies the order in which they follow, much like a recipe As you follow the method, each task is clearly outlined and you can have confidence that, after completing all the tasks, you will achieve the desired result

The Custom Development Method (CDM) is Oracle’s official method

How Do You Do It? The answer to this question is “apply techniques.” A technique

focuses on how to do each of the tasks that the method describes Each technique furthers the method by producing a specific deliverable, which then provides input to the next task

Can You Automate It? The answer to this question is “use tools.” A tool can automate the mundane, repetitive tasks that often lead to errors when performed manually Do not expect a tool to provide a magic solution; tools can only facilitate the tasks, thereby freeing up your time for more conceptual tasks

This course focuses on the Tools component and how Oracle Designer automates the creation of models that specify requirements You should remember, however, that you need more than tools to build a system successfully; you also need a method and techniques

1-11

An Approach to Building Systems

Tools

Method What do you do? How do you do it?

Can you automate it?

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System Development

System Development

When you develop a system, you perform three major tasks: analysis, design, and build Oracle Designer tools help you to take real-world system requirements and generate a working system that satisfies those requirements

Business requirements are the input to the development process The output is the application, which consists of the database and the screens, reports, and menus

The left half of the circle relates to the processes that comprise what the company does The right half relates to the information that is needed to support the processes.Dividing the circle horizontally, you can see that the upper half represents the analysis

of the business requirements, both in terms of what the company does and the

information that the business needs to hold

The lower half of the circle represents the design and build stages of the development life cycle The vertical jagged arrows that point to design and build represent the transformation of definitions from analysis to design

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What are the Components for Web PL/SQL Generation?The World Wide Web

The Internet has existed for over 30 years However, it was not easy to use until the advent of the World Wide Web The Web sits on top of the Internet, and allows the distribution and retrieval of information over the Internet in a manner that makes the mechanisms completely invisible to the end user End users, or Web clients, use Web browsers to request information from Web servers

Web Servers

There are many Web servers on the market today Some of the common ones are developed by Oracle, NCSA, Netscape, and Microsoft Web servers serve requested files to Web clients

WebDB

Oracle Web servers differ from other Web servers in that they can retrieve information dynamically from an Oracle database to send to a Web client, as well as serving traditional static files

WebDB retrieves the data from an Oracle database by executing PL/SQL procedures

in the database

1-13

The Technology We Use

Oracle Designer Web PL/SQL Generator

WebDB

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Three-Tier Architecture

Three-Tier Architecture

Client–Server

Oracle applications traditionally run in a client–server environment The database

resides on one machine, the Server, and the application code resides on separate machines, the Clients Since the application code resides on the clients, it does not

place a load on the server

Extending Client–Server with the WebDB

The introduction of the Web and the WebDB server introduces a new structure:

• Web client (Web browser)

• Web server and database client (WebDB)

• Database server (Oracle8i)

Note: The Web client communicates with WebDB using HTTP WebDB

communicates with the database server using SQL*Net

Client code created by the Web PL/SQL Generator resides as PL/SQL in the database server The PL/SQL creates HTML and JavaScript that is interpreted by the Web browser

Advantages of Three-Tier Architecture

• It is cheaper and easier to deploy and maintain applications

• It provides centralized control over deployment and maintenance

1-14

Three-Tier Architecture

Database Second tier

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Where Does the Web PL/SQL Generator Fit In?

Oracle Designer

Oracle Designer is a true and tried technology that enables analysts and designers to design and implement applications rapidly Its structured methodologies give access to the easy generation of application code (PL/SQL) that is basically algorithmic

The Web PL/SQL Generator

The Oracle Designer Web PL/SQL Generator successfully draws upon the analysis and design work that you enter into the Oracle Designer Repository to automatically and quickly generate the PL/SQL that the Web server executes

The main input to the generation process is a module design specification, which you record in the Design Editor Other inputs to the generation process include module links and preferences that determine the general look and feel of the generated

application You can customize them to suit your particular requirements

The Web PL/SQL Generator creates a set of PL/SQL packages that you can install into

an Oracle database account The generated PL/SQL packages make use of the Oracle Web PL/SQL Developer’s Toolkit and the Web PL/SQL Generator Library Package (WSGL)

The Web Server

The Oracle Web server solution serves real-time, dynamic documents by executing PL/SQL packages stored in an Oracle database These are the PL/SQL packages that the Web PL/SQL Generator creates

Requests

Web client

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What About Web Forms?

What About Web Forms?

Not all modules are suitable for deployment on the Web Ask yourself this question:

Why do I want to develop modules for the Web?

When developing an application system, one of the first things you need to decide when leaving the analysis stage of development, is what development environment you are going to use to implement your modules, for example, Oracle Forms or Microsoft Visual Basic You may want to develop Web modules that support your primary application

Transaction-Based Applications

If you require a heavy throughput, transaction-based application, perhaps

Oracle Forms is a more suitable choice For example, data capture clerks entering large amounts of data are unlikely to use Web modules to record the details

However, you may develop Web modules that allow users to view data that has been entered through the primary application Perhaps they may even want to make simple updates to the data For example, managers based at head office may want to view data

in a local store’s database

Web Forms

You can deploy Oracle Forms over the Web without modifying them

1 The Web browser downloads a Java applet from a Web server It then disconnects from the Web server

2 The applet connects to a separate application server This listener spawns a process

on the server that connects to the database and runs the forms module

Oracle Web PL/SQL

Generator

Oracle Forms Generator

Developer on the Web

Developer Web Pages

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3 The form runs on the application server The Java applet in the browser

communicates with the runform process on the server The Web server is out of the picture

The runform process on the application server maintains a database session on the database server The application server connects to the database with SQL*NET.The Forms Generator of Oracle Designer can help to develop the application

Do You Need Web Pages?

Web Forms is an Oracle Forms application that uses a Web browser to paint the screen However, you may not want to deploy a full Forms application on the Web, simply to enable customers to access some data A Web PL/SQL module that uses PL/SQL to create HTML pages is much more suitable So, if you need Web pages, use the Web PL/SQL Generator

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• Generating Web PL/SQL Modules

• Setting up the Generation Environment

• Designing Web PL/SQL Modules

Day 1

1-18

Course Agenda

• Changing the User Interface

• Implementing User Interface Standards

• Building More Complex Modules

Day 2

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Course Agenda

• Defining Application Logic

• Using the Web PL/SQL Security API

• Completing Your Application

Day 3

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Applications for the Course

Applications for the Course

The guided practices are based on a fictional video rental company named Hollywood

When you attended First Class, you used an abbreviated version of Hollywood that contained three entities: Title, Supplier, and Copy In this course you usean extended version of Hollywood that represents a complete business model

In this course, you build an e-commerce site for Hollywood This site enables

Hollywood customers to:

• Change their personal and membership details

• Browse through information about the latest titles available

• Reserve and rent titles

Of course, an enterprise like Hollywood has a number of other areas of activity, such

as accounting and marketing The Head Office deals with these areas, so they are not part of the daily operation of the e-commerce site

1-20

The Practice Application

• A fictional e-commerce site

• Customers can:

– Change membership information

– Browse through available titles

– Rent titles

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Practice 1—1: Browsing a Generated Application

Goal

The purpose of this practice is for you to browse the completed Hollywood

e-commerce site

Scenario

In this course you build an e-commerce site for Hollywood This site enables

customers to change their personal and membership details, browse through

information about available titles and rent titles You browse the completed application

to identify topics that you learn about in the course

Your Assignment

You need the following information, which your instructor has assigned to you, throughout the course:

where <nn> is the group number that your instructor has assigned to you

1 Invoke the browser and enter the URL

http://<webserver>:<port>/<agent>/rental_menu$.startup

2 When prompted, enter demo/oracle for username/password

3 Select Coming Soon!

4 How many titles are displayed?

5 Return to the main menu

6 Select Browse through Movie Titles

7 Find all movies How many times does MOVIE appear in the list of returned titles?

9 Select Maintain Personal Details

10 Log on as customer BART whose password is also BART

Note: You may need to supply the demo/oracle Web Server username/password

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Practice 1—1: Browsing a Generated Application

13 Enter the URL again and select Rent a title What happens?

14 Log on using your own ORA<nn> username and password What happens?

15 Fill in all details and log on again

16 Add a new rental Which customer name appears for the rental?

17 Add two rental items of your choice to the new rental

19 Exit Hollywood

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Practice 1—1

To perform this task Follow these steps

To find all movies

To add a new rental

title application

1 Click New

2 Accept the default Transaction Date

3 Click Insert

To add a new rental

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Generating Web PL/SQL

Modules

2

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In this lesson you learn how to generate, install, and run Web PL/SQL modules

2-2

Overview

• How do I generate and install a module?

• How do I run a module?

• What is generated?

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Objectives

At the end of this lesson you should be able to do the following:

• Install and run a Web PL/SQL module

• Explain the items that are generated by the Web PL/SQL Generator

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Setting Web PL/SQL Generator Options

Before you begin to generate your Web PL/SQL modules, you can set the generation options Select Options—>Generator Options—>Web PL/SQL.

Source Files

You may choose to use template files in your Web PL/SQL modules You can store these templates in the file system or the repository In thisarea of the dialog box, you instruct the generator to read these files from the file system or a repository folder during the generation process

Target Files

The generator saves the generated packages in the directory named in the Destination

of Generated Files field If you select the check box, the generator also uploads the generated files into the repository

Installing Generated PL/SQL Automatically

To install the generated packages automatically, select the Auto-install after

Generation check box and enter the following details:

• Application user account (and password, to save typing it for subsequent

generations)

• SQL*NET database alias or connect string

The generator automatically installs the generated package if the generation phase completes without error

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Setting Web PL/SQL Generator Options

Running Generated Applications Automatically

You can instruct the generator to run the generated application in a Web browser by specifying the following information:

• The directory path of your preferred browser

• The URL that identifies your Web application server and PL/SQL access

mechanism You do not have to add the package and startup procedure names

If the generation and installation of the module completes successfully, you can run it from the Build Actions window

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Generating a Module

You can invoke the Web PL/SQL Generator from the module diagram or the Design Navigator

Selecting a Module to Generate

1 Select the module in the Modules Tab panel of the Design Navigator

2 Open the module diagram in one of the following ways:

– Drag the diagram icon from the Modules Tab panel of the Design Navigator onto the Design Editor window

– Highlight the diagram name in the Design Navigator and use File—>Open—>

Invoking the Web PL/SQL Generator

Once you have selected the module that you want to generate, you invoke the

generator in one of the following ways:

• Right-click on the module name and select Generate from the menu

• Click on the generator icon on the toolbar

• Select Generate—>Generate Module from the menu

2-5

Generating Modules

Generate Tools Options Generate Module

Generate Module As

Generate Table API

Generate Database from Server Model

Generate Database Administration Objects

Include Module Network?

Start Options Cancel Help

Generate Web PL/SQL

Module

Post Generation Commit Revert Browse/Edit mode

MEM0010

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The Generate Web PL/SQL Dialog

The Generate Web PL/SQL Dialog

The Generate Web PL/SQL dialog box displays the name of the module that you chose for generation

• Select the check box to generate the chosen module and all its child modules in the same run You can generate all the modules in your application by generating the root or Launchpad module and selecting the Include Module Network? check box

• Enter the password of the application user account into the Installation user password field, if you chose to auto-install your generated Web PL/SQL module and you did not enter the password into the Options dialog

• Select the appropriate postgeneration option:

– Commit updates repository objects when generation is complete

– Revert does not update repository objects with the property settings used during generation

– Browse/Edit mode activates postprocessing mode, in which you can choose how to process proposed repository changes

• Click the Start button to start the generation

You can follow the progress of the module generation process in the Message

Window It displays warnings and errors from the Web PL/SQL Generator

2-6

Include Module Network?

Start Options Cancel Help

Generate Web PL/SQL

Module

Post Generation Commit Revert Browse/Edit mode

Generator Dialog Box

Select to generate

entire module

network

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Inputs to the Generator

During generation, the Web PL/SQL Generator reads information from the repository

Generator preferences

Module network

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Outputs from the Generator

Outputs from the Generator

The generator creates several packages They are written to files and you can also choose to install them automatically into the database

Module Package

The generator creates a package for the module The name of this package is the module implementation name with a dollar sign ($) suffix, for example, PERSONAL$

Module Component Packages

The generator creates two packages for each module component The names of the packages are formed by concatenating the name of the module package with the implementation name of the module component, for example, PERSONAL$CUS_MC and PERSONAL$JS$CUS_MC The procedures within these packages provide the functionality for the pages required

Files

The generator creates the following files:

• A .pks file containing the package specifications

• A .pkb file containing the package bodies

• A .sql file that runs the .pks and pkb files during automatic installationThe filenames are of the form CVW<Module_Implementation_Name>.XXX If you generate more than one module, the filename prefix uses the implementation name of the root module on that run

• Module component packages

.PKS and PKB files

.SQL file

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Installing the Generated PL/SQL

If you have selected the Auto-install after Generation check box, the PL/SQL is installed automatically after a successful generation

Installing a Module Immediately After Generation

1 Click on the List Actions icon in the Message Window toolbar

2 Select Install Generated packages in user

2 Connect to the user account

3 Execute the module installation script CVW<implementation_name>.SQL to install the pks and pkb files (Alternatively, you can choose to install the pks and pkb files separately.)

Checking the Installation

The installation process creates a log file (cvwsgin.log) in <ORACLE_HOME>\bin.You can examine it to find out if the installation process encountered any errors

Help

View package body

• Double-click to install

Installing the Application

• Select auto-install after generation

or

• Install manually from SQL file

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Running a Module

Running a Module

If the Web PL/SQL module is successfully installed, you can run it in a Web browser

Running the Application After Generation

1 Click on the List Actions icon in the Message Window

2 When the Build Action dialog box opens, select Run generated application

3 Click the Run button to invoke the Startup procedure in the module package:

Help

View package body

Running the Application

• Double-click to run

– Invokes the browser – Navigates to the module URL

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Running the Application Manually

Invoke your browser and enter the full URL:

http://<webserver>:<port>/<agent>/<implementation_name>$.startup

2-11

http://myServer/myAgent/customers$.startup

Web server myServer

PL/SQL agent name

myAgent

module implementation name customers$

Running a Module Manually

entry procedure

startup

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