THEORY AND APPLICATIONS OF CT IMAGING AND ANALYSIS pdf

THEORY AND APPLICATIONS OF CT IMAGING AND ANALYSIS Edited by Noriyasu Homma Theory and Applications of CT Imaging and Analysis Edited by Noriyasu Homma Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2011 InTech All chapters are Open Access articles distributed under the Creative Commons Non Commercial Share Alike Attribution 3.0 license, which permits to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt the work in any medium, so long as the original work is properly cited. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published articles. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Katarina Lovrecic Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer Martina Sirotic Image Copyright Carsten Reisinger, 2010. Used under license from Shutterstock.com First published March, 2011 Printed in India A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechweb.org Theory and Applications of CT Imaging and Analysis, Edited by Noriyasu Homma p. cm. ISBN 978-953-307-234-0 free online editions of InTech Books and Journals can be found at www.intechopen.com Part 1 Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Part 2 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Preface IX CT Image Analysis for Computer-Aided Diagnosis 1 CT Image Based Computer-Aided Lung Cancer Diagnosis 3 Noriyasu Homma Informatics and Computerized Tomography Aiding Detection and Diagnosis of Solitary Lung Cancer 15 Aristófanes Corrêa Silva, Anselmo Cardoso Paiva, Rodolfo Acatauassu Nunes and Marcelo Gattass Computer-aided Analysis and Interpretation of HRCT Images of the Lung 37 Zrimec Tatjana and Sata Busayarat Prediction Models for Malignant Pulmonary Nodules Based-on Texture Features of CT Image 63 Guo Xiuhua, Sun Tao, Wang huan and Liang Zhigang CT Image Analysis for Preoperational Planning 77 Liver Segmentation and Volume Estimation from Preoperative CT Images in Hepatic Surgical Planning: Application of a Semiautomatic Method Based on 3D Level Sets 79 Laura Fernandez-de-Manuel, Maria J. Ledesma-Carbayo, Daniel Jimenez-Carretero, Javier Pascau, Jose L. Rubio-Guivernau, Jose M. Tellado, Enrique Ramon, Manuel Desco and Andres Santos Functional Assessment of Individual Lung Lobes with MDCT Images 95 Syoji Kobashi, Kei Kuramoto and Yutaka Hata AutoCAD for Quantitative Measurement of Cervical MPR CT Images Reconstructed in ImageViewer Interface 105 Hou Lisheng, Ruan Dike, Cui Hongpeng and Bai Xuedong Contents Contents VI CT Image Analysis for Radiotherapy 125 Image Processing Methods in CT for Radiotherapy Applications 127 Boussion Nicolas, Fayad Hadi, Le Pogam Adrien, Pradier Oliver and Visvikis Dimitris CT-Image Guided Brachytherapy 143 Janusz Skowronek Advanced CT Imaging and Analysis 163 An Approach to Lumbar Vertebra Biomechanical Analysis Using the Finite Element Modeling Based on CT Images 165 Haiyun Li Novel Computational Approaches for Understanding Computed Tomography (CT) Images and Their Applications 181 Oyeon Kum Use of Pseudocolor for Detecting Otologic Structures in CT 205 Moon Suh Park, Jae Yong Byun, Seung Geun Yeo and Ho Yun Lee Advanced Neuroimaging with Computed Tomography Scanning 213 Béatrice Claise, Jean Gabrillargues, Emmanuel Chabert, Laurent Sakka, Toufik Khalil, Vivien Mendes-Martins, Viorel Achim, Jérôme Costes, Thierry Gillart and Jean-Jacques Lemaire Synchrotron Radiation Micro-CT Imaging of Bone Tissue 233 Zsolt-Andrei Peter and Françoise Peyrin CT Imaging and Analysis for Non-Medical Applications 255 Usability of CT Images of Frontal Sinus in Forensic Personal Identification 257 Ertugrul Tatlisumak, Mahmut Asirdizer and Mehmet Sunay Yavuz Enhancing Product Development through CT Images, Computer-Aided Design and Rapid Manufacturing: Present Capabilities, Main Applications and Challenges 269 Andrés Díaz Lantada and Pilar Lafont Morgado Part 3 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Part 4 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Part 5 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Pref ac e The x-ray computed tomography (CT) is well known as a useful imaging method and the invention of several pioneers such as G. Hounsfi eld and A. M. Cormack in 1970’s. This was a brilliant breakthrough as people could not see only fl uoroscopic, but tomo- graphic inside shapes of a target without cu ing it. Since that time, CT images have continuously been used for many applications, especially in medical fi elds. This book discloses recent advances and new ideas in theories and applications of CT imaging and its analysis. The book contains 16 chapters, which are classifi ed by application purposes into the following fi ve parts: Part 1: CT Image Analysis for Computer-Aided Diagnosis (Chapters 1 to 4) Part 2: CT Image Analysis for Preoperational Planning (Chapters 5 to 7) Part 3: CT Image Analysis for Radiotherapy (Chapters 8 and 9) Part 4: Advanced CT Imaging and Analysis (Chapters 10 to 14) Part 5: CT Imaging and Analysis for Non-Medical Applications (Chapters 15 and 16) Parts 1 to 4 are devoted to theories and applications of CT imaging and analysis in medical fi elds where several image processing techniques such as segmentation, reg- istration, and recognition can be used for observing important pieces of medical infor- mation such as positions and shapes of targets to diagnose and treat them accurately. Parts 1, 2, 3, and 4 provide CT imaging and analysis for computer-aided diagnosis (CAD), preoperational (surgery) planning, radiotherapy, and other advanced purpos- es, respectively. On the other hand, Part 5 is devoted to non-medical CT imaging and analysis such as for forensic and industrial applications. The 16 chapters selected in this book cover not only the major topics of CT imaging and analysis in medical fi elds, but also some advanced applications for forensic and industrial purposes. These chapters propose state-of-the-art approaches and cu ing- edge research results. I could not thank enough to the contributions of the authors. This book would not have been possible without their support. February 2011 Noriyasu Homma Cyberscience Center Tohoku Un iversit y Sendai, Japan [...]... Europe and Japan (I.Henschke & Yankelevitz, 2000) Despite some criticisms about the cost-effectiveness of the method and the lack of a control group, the works 18 Theory and Applications of CT Imaging and Analysis have been multiplying and make clear the intention of coming to a standard of effectiveness in order to reduce the mortality by lung cancer (Bellomi et al., 2006) Detection aiding software... and Applications of CT Imaging and Analysis N Homma, K Takei, and T Ishibashi (2008) Combinatorial Effect of Various Features Extraction on Computer Aided Detection of Pulmonary Nodules in X-ray CT Images, WSEAS Trans Information Science and Applications, Vol 5, Issue 7, pp 11271136 Michael Kass, Andrew Witkin, and Demetri Terzopoulos (1998) Snakes: Active Contour Models, International Journal of Computer... Extracted lung areas (a) Slice #1 (e) Extracted area #1 (b) Slice #2 (f) Extracted area #2 (c) Slice #3 (d) Slice #4 (g) Extracted area #3 (h) Extracted area #4 Fig 11 Extracted results for case 2 by the proposed active contour method (a) - (d): Original CT images (e) - (h): Extracted lung areas 12 Theory and Applications of CT Imaging and Analysis of the series, and so on The masking problem with the... In Section 3 we show the state of the art of works that do the detection and/ or diagnosis of lung nodules Section 4 exemplifies a tentative of our research team to automatically detect the lung nodule in a CT exam In Section 5 we show the application of one geostatistical measure and geometric measurements to suggest a diagnosis for the lung nodule In Section 6 we will give an ideia of how we expect CAD/CADx... necessary of non-invasive techniques that puncture or biopsy In thistechniques are still applicationto the diagnostic definitiongains occurs through the cytological and histopathological study of materials obtained via suction puncture or biopsy In this scenario, where the application of non-invasive techniques gains 16 Theory and Applications of CT Imaging and Analysis special relevance, a large number of. .. amongresult of the preventive actions scenario of reduction be 17,810 among men and people as a women Such incidence is still the result of the large consumption of tobacco in the past, and does not reflect the present more recently implemented (INCA, 2009) scenario of reduction the result of the large the people as a tobacco in preventive actions Such incidence is stillof the smoking habit by consumption ofresult... may give emphasis to the screening of lung cancer, the measurement of texture and density of the nodule, the dynamical evaluation by the volumetry and contrast impregnation and the fusion of the images obtained by CT and positron emission (PET /CT) The computerized methods for aiding detection and diagnosis, central object of this chapter, are analyzed in the next section 2.1 Tracking lung cancer through... slice selected in step (i) can be obtained from the contour initialized in step (ii) (iv) Extraction: The lung area for the current target is extracted as the inside the resulting contour obtained in step (iii) Steps (i) - (iv) are repeatedly conducted until all lung areas in all CT slices are extracted Fig 8 A mask processing to extract the lung area 10 Theory and Applications of CT Imaging and Analysis. .. benign and malignant To perform this task, this methodology was based on the steps seen in Figure 4 26 Theory and Applications of CT Imaging and Analysis The first step is the acquisition of the image, which was obtained from a patient’s chest CT exam Step 2 is the segmentation of the tri-dimensional volume of the nodule using method describe in Section 4 Right after that, the representative features of. .. Cancer Imaging Archive (NCIA), https:/ /imaging. nci.nih.gov/ncia/faces/baseDef.tiles 0 1 2 0 Informatics and Computerized Tomography Aiding Informatics and Computerized Detection and Computerized Tomography Aiding Informatics and Diagnosis of Solitary Lung Cancer Tomography Aiding Detection and Detection and DiagnosisCardoso Paiva2 , Lung Acatauassu of Solitary Lung Cancer Aristófanes CorrêaDiagnosis of . THEORY AND APPLICATIONS OF CT IMAGING AND ANALYSIS Edited by Noriyasu Homma Theory and Applications of CT Imaging and Analysis Edited by Noriyasu Homma Published. (Chapters 10 to 14) Part 5: CT Imaging and Analysis for Non-Medical Applications (Chapters 15 and 16) Parts 1 to 4 are devoted to theories and applications of CT imaging and analysis in medical fi. Gillart and Jean-Jacques Lemaire Synchrotron Radiation Micro -CT Imaging of Bone Tissue 233 Zsolt-Andrei Peter and Françoise Peyrin CT Imaging and Analysis for Non-Medical Applications 255 Usability of