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--- Page 1 --- Sample Student Professor Bridges ENGL C100 Due Date Title: The Influence of Social Networks on Social Development Annotated Bibliography Kim, Sung Koo, et al. “Effect of Media Exposure on Social Development in Children.” Global Pediatric Health, vol. 10, 2023. SAGE Journals, https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X231159224. Kim and his colleagues studied the link between media exposure and social development in children. Their research shows that children with delayed social development often have a lot of contact with media from a very young age, before 2 years old and for more than 2 hours each day. The study also found that children who watch media alone without interacting with their caregivers have a higher risk of delayed social development compared to children who watch with their parents. The authors believe that early and long media exposure can take away time for interaction and communication between children and parents as well as creative play time needed for social development. The study results are reliable. I plan to use this research to support my point that too much media exposure can negatively affect children''''s social development. Although the study is limited by its small survey size and recall-based survey method, I think it provides important initial evidence about the link between uncontrolled media exposure and delayed social development in children. I will use this study along with others to show that parents and caregivers need to reasonably control media time and content, while actively engaging with their children during media use to promote healthy, well-rounded development. Al-Harrasi, Abir S., and Ali H. Al-Badi. “The Impact of Social Networking: A Study of the Influence of Smartphones on College Students”. Contemporary Issues In Education Research – Second Quarter, vol. 7, no. 2, 2014, pp. 129-135. Al-Harrasi and Al-Badi studied the influence of using social networks via smartphones on university students. The authors surveyed 179 students at universities and colleges in Oman with a 14-question online questionnaire focusing on 5 main topics: purpose of using social networks, smartphones as an access tool, issues of trust and information selection, information filtering techniques, and the impact of social networks on students. The results show that most students use smartphones to access social networks, mainly for research, entertainment and updating news. The majority spend 1-5 hours on social networks each day, trust Facebook the most, but are also concerned about information overload. They often choose the first search result or use reputable websites to filter information. Social networks have positive impacts like making learning materials more accessible, improving social skills and learning experiences. However, they also cause distraction, waste time, and make students neglect their studies. The arguments and research results in the article are very reliable. I intend to use this article to support my point that social networks via smartphones are increasingly influencing students'''' lives and studies, while making suggestions for students to effectively use social networks and limit negative impacts. This article will be used in combination with other studies to clarify how and to what extent social networks affect students in the digital age. Hui, E., Singh, S., Lin, P. K. F., & Dillon, D. (2024). ”Social media influence on emerging adults'''' prosocial behavior: A systematic review.” Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 46(4), 239-265. https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2024.2342396 Hui and colleagues argue that although there is a lot of empirical evidence about factors influencing prosocial behavior, there is limited research on the relationship between online social media factors and their psychological impact on emerging adults'''' prosocial behavior. Moreover, most experimental studies have used self-reported questionnaires or irrelevant economic games to reflect people''''s prosocial behavior rather than measuring actual prosocial behavior in real life, natural settings. Considering gaps in prior research, this systematic review aims to identify literature related to the influence of social media on emerging adults'''' prosocial behavior. The review focuses on studies observing individuals'''' prosocial behavior in real-world settings to eliminate social desirability bias and accurately determine social media''''s impact on emerging adults'''' prosocial behavior. The arguments and research presented by the authors in this article are reliable and I intend to use it to support my point that social media significantly influences emerging adults'''' prosocial behavior. Although the article only focuses on certain social media platforms, I think this helps prove my point. With constant technological development, researchers can adjust their existing experimental frameworks to better test the influence of currently popular social media platforms on prosocial behavior. I plan to use this article along with future research on this topic to support the idea that social service organizations cannot simply copy content from their offline campaigns onto online platforms. Bhadra, S., & Kumar, S. (2023). “Impact of social media on forming individual''''s prosocial behavior and related challenges among youths in college”. Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry, 39(2), 153-161. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_309_20 Bhadra & Kumar (2023) argue that engaging in social networks has helped youth develop prosocial behavior and helping tendencies. Their research shows that social networks play an important role in strengthening prosocial behavior, more than the challenges it poses for users. Social networks often facilitate information seeking and idea exchange, helping shape identity, develop aspirations and interact with friends. During the COVID-19 pandemic, social media platforms became an essential source of information and extended support. The arguments and research presented by the authors in this article are reliable, and I intend to use it to support my point that social media can promote prosocial behavior in youth. Although the article may not cover all social media platforms, I think this helps prove my point. With constant technological development, educators and organizations can adjust their current policies to better leverage the potential of social networks in promoting prosocial behavior in students. I plan to use this article along with other materials on the positive impact of social media to support the idea that organizations cannot simply copy policies from the real world into the online environment. They must “understand” their students, just as in-person instructors understand their students. Appropriate policies and programs are needed to promote the prosocial use of social networks. Bruning, P. F., Alge, B. J., & Lin, H.-C. (2020). “Social networks and social media: Understanding and managing influence vulnerability in a connected society”. Business Horizons, 63(6), 749-761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2020.07.007 Bruning and colleagues argue that although social networks and social media can bring many opportunities, they also pose risks to managers, employees and other members of society. According to the authors, increased exposure to digital platforms and technologies has amplified the forces of social influence we face, both online and offline. They propose that organizations and individuals should proactively manage their influence vulnerability to protect their independence of thought and action. The authors use concepts of social embeddedness and network commitment to outline how people become psychologically vulnerable to social influence. They also propose guidelines based on concepts of trustworthiness, network commitment, and self-management to help people reduce their influence vulnerability. The arguments and research presented by the authors in this article are very reliable and I intend to use it to support my point that individuals and organizations need to proactively manage their vulnerability to negative influence from social networks. Although the article mainly focuses on minimizing vulnerability, I think this helps prove my point that understanding and managing social influence is very important in today''''s era. With constant technological development, individuals and organizations can apply the principles proposed in this study to better protect their freedom of thought and action from unwanted social influences. I plan to use this article along with other studies on the impact of social media to support the idea that we need to be vigilant and proactive in navigating social influences in the digital age. References Al-Harrasi, A. S., & Al-Badi, A. H. (2014). The impact of social networking: A study of the influence of smartphones on college students. Contemporary Issues in Education Research – Second Quarter, 7(2), 129-135. Bhadra, S., & Kumar, S. (2023). Impact of social media on forming individual''''s prosocial behavior and related challenges among youths in college. Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry, 39(2), 153-161. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_309_20 --- Page 2 --- Bruning, P. F., Alge, B. J., & Lin, H.-C. (2020). Social networks and social media: Understanding and managing influence vulnerability in a connected society. Business Horizons, 63(6), 749-761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2020.07.007 Hui, E., Singh, S., Lin, P. K. F., & Dillon, D. (2024). Social media influence on emerging adults'''' prosocial behavior: A systematic review. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 46(4), 239-265. https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2024.2342396 Kim, S. K., Wi, D. S., & Kim, K. M. (2023). Effect of media exposure on social development in children. Global Pediatric Health, 10. https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X231159224

Sample Student

Professor Bridges

ENGL C100

Due Date

Title: The Influence of Social Networks on Social Development

Annotated Bibliography

Kim, Sung Koo, et al “Effect of Media Exposure on Social Development in Children.” Global

https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X231159224

Kim and his colleagues studied the link between media exposure and social development in children Their research shows that children with delayed social development often have a lot of contact with media from a very young age, before 2 years old and for more than 2 hours each day The study also found that children who watch media alone without interacting with their caregivers have a higher risk of delayed social development compared to children who watch with their parents The authors believe that early and long media exposure can take away time for interaction and communication between children and parents as well as creative play time needed for social development The study results are reliable I plan to use this research to support my point that too much media exposure can negatively affect children's social development Although the study is limited by its small survey size and recall-based survey method, I think it provides important initial evidence about the link between uncontrolled media exposure and delayed social development in children I will use this study along with others to show that parents and caregivers need to reasonably control media time and content, while actively engaging with their children during media use to promote healthy, well-rounded development

Al-Harrasi, Abir S., and Ali H Al-Badi “The Impact of Social Networking: A Study of the

Influence of Smartphones on College Students” Contemporary Issues In Education Research – Second Quarter, vol 7, no 2, 2014, pp 129-135.

Al-Harrasi and Al-Badi studied the influence of using social networks via smartphones on university students The authors surveyed 179 students at universities and colleges in Oman with

a 14-question online questionnaire focusing on 5 main topics: purpose of using social networks, smartphones as an access tool, issues of trust and information selection, information filtering techniques, and the impact of social networks on students The results show that most students use smartphones to access social networks, mainly for research, entertainment and updating news The majority spend 1-5 hours on social networks each day, trust Facebook the most, but are also concerned about information overload They often choose the first search result or use reputable websites to filter information Social networks have positive impacts like making learning materials more accessible, improving social skills and learning experiences However, they also cause distraction, waste time, and make students neglect their studies The arguments and research results in the article are very reliable I intend to use this article to support my point that social networks via smartphones are increasingly influencing students' lives and studies, while making suggestions for students to effectively use social networks and limit negative impacts This article will be used in combination with other studies to clarify how and to what extent social networks affect students in the digital age

Hui, E., Singh, S., Lin, P K F., & Dillon, D (2024) ”Social media influence on emerging

adults' prosocial behavior: A systematic review.” Basic and Applied Social Psychology,

46(4), 239-265 https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2024.2342396

Hui and colleagues argue that although there is a lot of empirical evidence about factors influencing prosocial behavior, there is limited research on the relationship between online social media factors and their psychological impact on emerging adults' prosocial behavior Moreover, most experimental studies have used self-reported questionnaires or irrelevant economic games

to reflect people's prosocial behavior rather than measuring actual prosocial behavior in real life, natural settings Considering gaps in prior research, this systematic review aims to identify literature related to the influence of social media on emerging adults' prosocial behavior The review focuses on studies observing individuals' prosocial behavior in real-world settings to eliminate social desirability bias and accurately determine social media's impact on emerging adults' prosocial behavior The arguments and research presented by the authors in this article are reliable and I intend to use it to support my point that social media significantly influences emerging adults' prosocial behavior Although the article only focuses on certain social media platforms, I think this helps prove my point With constant technological development, researchers can adjust their existing experimental frameworks to better test the influence of

currently popular social media platforms on prosocial behavior I plan to use this article along with future research on this topic to support the idea that social service organizations cannot simply copy content from their offline campaigns onto online platforms

Bhadra, S., & Kumar, S (2023) “Impact of social media on forming individual's prosocial

behavior and related challenges among youths in college” Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry, 39(2), 153-161 https://doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_309_20

Bhadra & Kumar (2023) argue that engaging in social networks has helped youth develop prosocial behavior and helping tendencies Their research shows that social networks play an important role in strengthening prosocial behavior, more than the challenges it poses for users Social networks often facilitate information seeking and idea exchange, helping shape identity, develop aspirations and interact with friends During the COVID-19 pandemic, social media platforms became an essential source of information and extended support The arguments and research presented by the authors in this article are reliable, and I intend to use it to support my point that social media can promote prosocial behavior in youth Although the article may not cover all social media platforms, I think this helps prove my point With constant technological development, educators and organizations can adjust their current policies to better leverage the potential of social networks in promoting prosocial behavior in students I plan to use this article along with other materials on the positive impact of social media to support the idea that organizations cannot simply copy policies from the real world into the online environment They must “understand” their students, just as in-person instructors understand their students Appropriate policies and programs are needed to promote the prosocial use of social networks Bruning, P F., Alge, B J., & Lin, H.-C (2020) “Social networks and social media:

Understanding and managing influence vulnerability in a connected society” Business Horizons, 63(6), 749-761 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2020.07.007

Bruning and colleagues argue that although social networks and social media can bring many opportunities, they also pose risks to managers, employees and other members of society According to the authors, increased exposure to digital platforms and technologies has amplified the forces of social influence we face, both online and offline They propose that organizations and individuals should proactively manage their influence vulnerability to protect their independence of thought and action The authors use concepts of social embeddedness and network commitment to outline how people become psychologically vulnerable to social

influence They also propose guidelines based on concepts of trustworthiness, network commitment, and self-management to help people reduce their influence vulnerability The arguments and research presented by the authors in this article are very reliable and I intend to use it to support my point that individuals and organizations need to proactively manage their vulnerability to negative influence from social networks Although the article mainly focuses on minimizing vulnerability, I think this helps prove my point that understanding and managing social influence is very important in today's era With constant technological development, individuals and organizations can apply the principles proposed in this study to better protect their freedom of thought and action from unwanted social influences I plan to use this article along with other studies on the impact of social media to support the idea that we need to be vigilant and proactive in navigating social influences in the digital age

References Al-Harrasi, A S., & Al-Badi, A H (2014) The impact of social networking: A study of the

influence of smartphones on college students Contemporary Issues in Education Research – Second Quarter, 7(2), 129-135.

Bhadra, S., & Kumar, S (2023) Impact of social media on forming individual's prosocial

behavior and related challenges among youths in college Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry, 39(2), 153-161 https://doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_309_20

Bruning, P F., Alge, B J., & Lin, H.-C (2020) Social networks and social media:

Understanding and managing influence vulnerability in a connected society Business Horizons, 63(6), 749-761 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2020.07.007

Hui, E., Singh, S., Lin, P K F., & Dillon, D (2024) Social media influence on emerging adults'

prosocial behavior: A systematic review Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 46(4),

239-265 https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2024.2342396

Kim, S K., Wi, D S., & Kim, K M (2023) Effect of media exposure on social development in

children Global Pediatric Health, 10 https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X231159224