grammar project report the difference between english and vietnamese noun phrase

VINH UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGESGRAMMAR PROJECT REPORT THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE NOUN PHRASE MODULE: ENGLISH GRAMMAR ENG31041 GROUP 07_ CLASS 10_ K63

VINH UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

GRAMMAR PROJECT REPORT

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE NOUN PHRASE

MODULE: ENGLISH GRAMMAR ( ENG31041)

GROUP 07_ CLASS 10_ K63 INSTRUCTOR: MA Nguyen Thi Lam Giang

Group members :

1 Tran Ha Thuong ( Leader) 225722020110173

VINH, MAY 2023

Table of Contents

A INTRODUCTION 4

B PROLOGUE 5

I Objectives 5

II Task 5

III Method 5

IV Time 5

V Place 5

C CONTENT 6

I Activities are done 6

II Bibliographic references 8

III The content has been learned 9

1 Definition 9

2 How to create a noun phrase? 10

3 How to determine the main nouns of noun phrases in English and Vietnamese 10

4 Premodifier 12

5 Post-modifier 16

6 Apposition 19

7 The function of the noun phrase 20

8 Comparison of noun phrases in Vietnamese grammar and English grammar 22

9 Common writing mistakes that students often make 22

IV Reviews about grammatical phenomena in English 23

D CONCLUSION 23

I Experiences gained 23

II Learning orientation 23

III Changes compared to the plan 23

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However, we still do not fully understand this grammatical phenomenon and would like to learn more so that we can better understand this module We believe that studying Noun Phrase will help us gain a comprehensive view of thesentence structure, as well as help us analyze and better understand the grammatical components in the sentence We also hope that, by studying Noun Phrase, we will be able to come up with more precise and coherent usage and sentence construction in writing and speaking English Therefore, we are looking forward to discovering interesting things in the process of learning aboutNoun Phrase.

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B PROLOGUE

I Objectives

- Learn about noun phrases and apply them to careers

 Requirements to meet :

- Understand the definition of noun phrases

- Understand the noun phrase function of the sentence

- Identify the constructs of noun phrases

- Know how to use noun phrases in English

- Catch common mistakes made by Vietnamese people when using noun phrases in English From there figure out how to fix it

- Applied to learning, professional activities, and practical life

(communication, )

II Task

- Define what a Noun Phrase is Then determine the orientation of the team to complete the project

- Presents the definition and structure of a noun phrase

- Analyze the grammatical functions of English noun phrases

- Learn the mistakes of Vietnamese people when using noun phrases

- Identify the directions and expected points to be explored in noun phrases

- Analyze Noun Phrase in English and apply it to the profession

- Compare noun phrases in English and Vietnamese

III Method

- Learn about documents and books written about noun phrases

( Basic English Grammar, Essential Grammar in Use Advanced Grammar

in use, A Concise Vietnamese Grammar … )

- Search for information about noun phrases through social networking sites (Facebook, youtube,…), websites …

- Learn through teacher guidance

C CONTENT

I Activities are done

Time Place Activities /

Refer to detailed outlines, projects of previous years to clearly assignspecific assignments

-Get detailed specific assignment sheet

-Team members understand their duties and roles

to learn

Refer from the detailed outline, learn

in reference books and draw out the goals, requirements

to be achieved and the content tolearn

Get a written record of goals, requirements,and content

Team members determine a specific direction to conduct the presentation

definition, structure,

Deployment via the typical onlineform is Zalo

- Get

-Get a word copy of the specific content of each

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materials from lecturers and sources from Google and Nguyen ThucHao library.

-Get references from online novels and libraries

member's research

- Gather references related to the content to be studied

Get references from online novels and libraries

Know the errors that still exist in and the rich use of words

in translation

- Prepare word report

Working in groups, division of work among members ; using word software

Complete thereport

Work in groups, divide work among members

Complete theproject reportcompletely, without grammatical errors and

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Home in the report correct word

Using Power Point software

Get a complete Power Point copy to present to theclass

Submit reports on elearning system

Submit a report

in class

Print hard copy reports, presentations with slides

Get a hard copy of the project and complete the class presentation

II Bibliographic references

- Basic English Grammar in Use

- English Grammar Books : +) Essential Grammar in Use

+) Advanced Grammar in Use

- A Concise Vietnamese Grammar

- Book "Vietnamese Grammar" (UBKHXH – 1983)

- Book "Vietnamese Grammar" – Diep Quang Ban (NXBGD, 2005)

- Book "Vietnamese Grammar" – Nguyen Tai Can (NXBĐHQGHN, 2004)

III The content has been learned

1 Definition

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Cụm danh từ làmột tập hợp danh từ với một số từ bổ nghĩa tạo thành Cụm danh từ mang

ý nghĩa cụ thể hơn, chi tiết hơn và có cấu tạo phức tạp hơn danh từ

Cụm danh từ

= Phần trước + Phần trung tâm + Phần sau

Grammarbook

https://www.grammarbook.com/

A noun phrase is group of two or more words that function as a subject, an object, or a prepositional object in a sentence The phrase is led by a noun and joined by one or more modifiers that can come before the noun or after it

Twinkl A noun phrase is a group of

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A noun phrase is a group of words that consists of a noun (or pronoun)

and other words that modify the noun Modifiers can refer to articles (a/an/the), quantifiers (some, a lot, a little), demonstratives (this, that, those), possessives (his, her, their), adjectives or adverbs

2 How to create a noun phrase?



 Here are some steps to create a noun phrase in English:

- Start with a noun - this is the main element of the phrase

- Add any adjectives - these are words that describe the noun

Example : "red apple" or "happy dog."

- Add any determiners - these are words that indicate the quantity or specificity of the noun

Example : "the apple" or "two dogs."

- Add any prepositional phrases - these are phrases that begin with a preposition and describe the relationship between the noun and other elements in the sentence

Example : "the book on the shelf" or "the cat with the green eyes".

- Add any clauses - these are groups of words that include a subject and a verb and provide additional information about the noun

Example : "the man who stole my wallet" or "the movie that I watched

adjective, an article, or a participle The modifier behind can be a

prepositional phrase, an adjective clause or a verb phrase

Ex : A beuatiful girl with short hair

=> This phrase includes adverbs before "a, beautiful", adverbs after "girl" and "with short hair", or to better understand the main noun form in a sentence, please refer to some examples:

o book/ boy/table: countable main noun

o Red wine/ a bowl of salt: uncountable main noun

o Many white men, A these thick books: plural main noun

 To determine ( Identifying the Head ) we can consider each of the following ideas

 In terms of meaning "head" tells us the phrase is something that is mentioned

Ex : a student from China => student is Head

- We can notice that : At the beginning of the noun phrase is the word that changes when the whole noun phrase becomes plural

Ex : singular plural

A slice of melon Two slices of melon

The boy in the car The boys in the car

- So the first is the noun that matches the verb when the whole noun phrase is the subject in the sentence

in a noun is to look at the meaning of the sentence and determine which word

is central to that meaning In addition, the main noun in Vietnamese can also

be determined by using the question "Who?" or "What?"

Ex :

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+) In the sentence " Cái bàn đó rất cũ ", the main noun is "Cái bàn"

+) In the sentence "Cậu bé đang đọc sách", the main noun is "Cậu bé"

4 Premodifier

4.1 Premodifier in English

- A premodifier is a word or phrase that is used before another word to limit

or add to its meaning

- Premodifiers are words that come before the noun in the noun phrase These words are typically adjectives, participles, articles, possessive nouns,possessive pronouns, and compound nouns -> determiners to modify the noun

Ex: “Spotted dogs are my favorite.”

=> In this sentence, the adjective “spotted” modifies the subject noun,

“dogs,” in the noun phrase “spotted dogs”

- There are 3 types of words before nouns: Determiner, Adjective phrase,

and Noun phrase

- Determiners include words like a/an, the, many, my, all, this, some,…

- Determiners always come before a noun and any adjective that modifies that noun

 Structure :

Predeterminer + Central determiners + Post determiners

Ex : All the three black cats



 Types Determiners:

 Predeterminers include The quantifying pronouns (all, both, ); Multipliers

(twice, double, thrice,…); Fractions (half, one-third )

 Central determiners include Articles (a/an, the); Possessive pronouns (my,

your, his, her, its, our, their); Genitive nouns; Demonstrative pronouns

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(this, that, these, those); Interrogative pronouns (what, which); Nominal relative pronouns (whatever, whichever).

 Post-determiners include Numerals (one, two, three, next, last, first,

second, ); Other quantifying pronouns (a few, another, any, each, either, every, few, more, many, )

 Functions of determiner

The function of the determiner is to identify a particular person, thing,

or event that is being referred to

- When a noun phrase functions as Premodifier in another noun phrase, it creates a Noun phrase.

- A premodifier is a grammatical term used to refer to words that are added to the beginning of another word to create a new word with a different meaning

or enhance the meaning of the original word

- The part before the noun center is mainly taken care of by the number of word determiners There is also the presence of a few modifiers that are adverbial

b) Premodifier has 3 types:

- Determinant "cái": used to emphasize things, to refer to things

Ex : Cái cậu học sinh ấy

- Quantitative determinants :

+) Word count indicates the exact number: two, five, seven,…

+) Word count indicates approximate number: vài, dăm, mươi,…

+) Words for distribution: mỗi, từng, mọi,…

Ex : Mấy cái cậu học sinh ấy

- Determinants refer to the whole meaning as: tất thảy, tất cả, hết thảy,…

Ex : Tất cả mấy cái cậu học sinh ấy

c) Location

- Premodifier has a fixed position, the "cái" determinant is always behind the quantitative determinant group, The group of determinants indicating the number is always behind the group of prefixes indicating the whole

- They share the same order of articles, number of words, and

prepositions/descriptive clauses In which the article and number of words always come before the main noun

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- There is an orderly arrangement of adjectives that modify the main noun inthe same way Specifically, adjectives that add the main and direct meaning

to the noun will stand closer to the noun



 Different :

English noun phrases Vietnamese noun phrases

- Most of the components that

add information to the

primary noun precede the

main noun

- No categorical word.

- Most of the components add information to the primary noun that comes after the main noun

- There are categorical words

5 Post-modifier.

5.1 Noun phrase Postmodifiers in English.

- Postmodifiers come after the head in a noun phrase They consist of adverb phrases, prepositional phrases, and clauses Postmodifiers give extra or specific information about the noun (e.g place, possession, identifying features) Unlike complements, they are not necessary to complete the meaning ( according Cambridge Dictionary)

- Noun phrases with postmodifier: Noun phrases can include other phrases, such as prepositional, participle, and compound phrases, as well as relative clauses The function of Postmodifier of an NP Head can be performed by several different forms, as shown below

Ex: The best thing (Head) to do (Postmodifier)

 Adjective phrases

Ex: Something (Head) cold (Postmodifier: AdjP)



 Adverb phrase

Adverb phrases as NP Postmodifiers generally denote place or direction

Ex: the way (Head) forward (Postmodifier: AdvP)

Ex: She’s got no conferences to attend

- These infinitive postmodifiers are common after indefinite pronouns and adverbs

Ex : We should think of something to do

- It is also possible to have more than one postmodifier:

Ex : A fifty-year-old CEO with a degree which he received from

Ex : The man is waving to me The man is standing in the corner

5.2 Noun phrase Postmodifiers in Vietnamese.

- The suffix is added after the root to form a new word with different meanings or to extend the meaning of the root Compared to the previous noun center, the organization behind the noun center is much more complex,with diverse structures, flexible positions, and rich meanings

- In terms of grammatical structure, the part after the center of a noun can be composed of a word, a word, or a consonant

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- In terms of parts of speech, the central suffix can be assumed by nouns, verbs, adjectives, pronouns, or certain words These words can develop into

Ex : Một quyển sách quý – Một quyển sách rất quý

- Post-modifier was taken by a clause.

Ex: Cuốn sách tôi vừa mua hôm qua.

5.2.2 In Vietnamese, you can use the following types of words as final

5.2.3 In Vietnamese, the numerals can be at the beginning or end of a noun.

- The number is related to the central noun

Ex : giường một, mâm sáu, bộ ba

- The order of things stated in the center

Ex : lớp 12, tòa 5



 Function

a) Name an object represented by a center as a feature

b) Describe the things related to the central statement:

- Ownership relationships

Ex: nhà (của) bà tôi

- Material relationships

Ex: sân (bằng) gạch

- The relationship between content and theme

Ex: quan điểm (về) triết học

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- The relationship between position and position

Ex: người dân (ở) nông thôn

- Comparative relationships

Ex: mắt (như) bồ câu

5.2.4 Compare post-modifiers in English and Vietnamese.



 Same :

- All types of words are used: adjectives, verbs, adverbs, and prepositions

as post-modifiers

- All use clauses as post-modifiers

- Both have the function of adding meaning to the central word State an object that is related to the thing mentioned in the center



 Different :

- In English, the pointing word always comes before the center word However , in Vietnamese, the pointing word always comes after the central word

Example: +) this house

Example: +) Nhà của bà tôi -> Nhà bà tôi

+) House of my grandma -> My grandma’s house

6 Apposition

a) Apposition in English Grammar

 When we use two noun phrases (NP) next to each other in a clause, and theyrefer to the same person or thing, we call this apposition

Example : The living room, the biggest room in the house, looks out on to a

beautiful garden

(The living room and the biggest room in the house are the same room.)

 The second noun phrase tells us something more about the first noun phrase (its identity or its qualities) We can also reverse the order of the phrases

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