En42 dịch Đại cương Đề số 1

EN42_Dịch đại cương_đề số 1 EN42_Dịch đại cương_đề số 2 EN42_Dịch đại cương_đề số 3 tham khảo, luận văn, báo cáo, tiểu luận, bài viết, bài tập lớp, bài tập, chuyên đề, nghiên cứu, kiểm tra, tự luận, bài tập kỹ năng, bài tập nhóm, EN42, dịch, dịch đại cương, EN42_dịch đại cương, EN42_Dịch đại cương_đề số 1, EN42_Dịch đại cương_đề số 2, EN42_Dịch đại cương_đề số 3

HANOI OPEN

FOR STUDENTS OF ENGLISH (No 1) Subject Code: EN42

Full name: Trần Thị Hường

Date of birth: 12/07/1990

Group: FHDN319

I Answer the following questions: (40 points)

1 What are the different definitions on translation?

The different definitions on translation:

- Translation is basically a change of form: When we speak of the form of a language, we are referring to the actual words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs, etc The forms are referred to as the surface structure of a language It is the structural part of language which is actually seen in print or heard in speech In translation the form of the source language is replaced by the form of the receptor/target language

- Translation is the expression in another language of what has been

expressed in one language: In this definition, you should preserve semantic and stylistic equivalencies You should be careful when you express the other people's ideas It is very easy to be erroneous

- Translation is the replacement of a representation of a text in one

language by a representation of an equivalent text in a second language

In this case you can understand that there must be an equivalent text in the second language You should try to find and create as many as equivalents aspossible

- Translation is rendering a written text into another language in a way

that the author intended the text You should bear in mind that it is important to understand the author's intention If you have no idea about the author's intention, you will be in the middle of the road

Translating may be defined as the process of transforming signs or representations into other signs or representations If the originals have some significance, we generally require that their images also have the same significance, or, more realistically, as nearly the same significance as we can get Keeping significance invariant is the central problem in translating between natural languages

- Translation may be defined as follows: the replacement of textual material in one language by equivalent material in another language In this definition, translation is expressed in the most general aspect The

replacement of the textual material is not really easy

- To translate means “to produce a text in a target setting for a target

purpose and target addressees in target circumstances"

One of the most important factors determining the purpose of a translation is the addressee, who is the intended receiver or audience of the target text with their culture-specific world-knowledge, their expectations and their communicative needs Every translation is directed at an intended audience

- Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message

In this aspect the reproduction of a language is put forward The natural equivalent

is paid much attention to Of course, the translator has to spend much more time on the nature of the target language

- Translation leads from a source-language text to a target-language text, which is as close an equivalent as possible and presupposes an understanding of the content and style of the original In translation the understanding of the content and style of the original is very necessary It is the key factor to render a text The presupposition is

a must for the translation process

- Translation can be conceived as an integral communicative performance, which without any extratextual additions (notes, explanations etc.) When the translation is

an end in itself, in the sense of simply seeking to extend an originally monolingual

insight into the cognitive meaning, linguistic form and communicative function of the SL text

- Translating as a code-switching operation With the more pragmatic reorientation at the beginning of the 1970s, the focus shifted from the word or phrase to the text as a unit of translation Equivalence as a basic concept or even constituent of translation was never really questioned The ideal translation would be one in which the aim in the target language is equivalence as regards the conceptual content, linguistic form and communicative function of a language text This means that the source-language content, form, style, function, etc must be preserved, or at least that the translation must seek to preserve them as far as

2 What is the nature of translation?

- Reproducing the Message

You should bear in mind that translating must aim primarily at “reproducingthe message.” To do anything else is essentially false to one’s task as a translator But to reproduce the message one must make a good many grammati cal and lexical adjustments A meaningful equivalent is "tender compassion,” and it is precise in this manner that many translations attempt to reproduce the significance of this source-language expression

- Equivalence rather than Identity

The translator must strive for equivalence rather than identity In a sense this is just another way of emphasizing the reproduction of the message rather than the conservation of the form of the utterance, but it reinforces the need for radical

alteration of a phrase such as I think or in my opinion which may be quite meaningless

- Dynamic Equivalence over Formal Correspondence

Equivalence in translation is considered mainly in terms of form and

meaning However, over the past years, translation scholars have focused more on the communicative function than on the notion of equivalence of the target text

The translator is seen as a bilingual communicator in an intercultural situation, who can competently produce utterances which are also appropriate in the given sociocultural circumstances

- A Natural Equivalent

Natural refers to three areas of the communication process: a natural

rendering should fit the whole receptor language and culture, the context of the specific message, and the receptor-language audience Therefore the translation

should bear no obvious trace of a foreign origin A natural translation would have to deal with two main areas of adaptation, that is grammar and lexicon

(The file sent will be named after each student’s name Plagiarism will lead to failure)

II Translation practice

1 Translate the following text into Vietnamese (30 points)

The two most interesting arguments in The Concept of the Corporation actually had little to do with the decentralization fad They were to dominate his work The first had to do with “empowering” workers Drucker believed in treating workers as resources rather than just as costs He was a harsh critic of the assembly-line system of production that then dominated the manufacturing sector – partly because assembly lines moved at the speed of the slowest and partly because they failed to engage the creativity of individual workers The second argument had to do with the rise of knowledge workers Drucker argued that the world is moving from an “economy of goods” to an economy of “knowledge” – and from a society dominated by an industrial proletariat to one dominated by brain workers He insisted that this had profound implications for both managers and politicians Managers had to stop treating workers like cogs in a huge inhuman machine and start treating them as brain workers In turn, politicians had to realise that knowledge, and hence education, was

Hai lập luận thú vị nhất trong khái niệm Tập đoàn thực ra không liên quan mấy đến trào lưu phân quyền Họ đã thống trị công việc của người lao động Việc đầu tiên liên quan đến việc “trao quyền” cho người lao động Drucker tin vào việc coi người lao động như nguồn tài nguyên chứ không chỉ là chi phí Ông là người chỉ trích gay gắt hệ thống sản xuất dây chuyền lắp ráp lúc bấy giờ đang thống trị lĩnh vực sản xuất - một phần vì dây chuyền lắp ráp di chuyển với tốc độ chậm nhất và một phần vì chúng không thu hút được sự sáng tạo của từng công nhân Lập luận thứ hai liên quan đến sự gia tăng của lực lượng lao động tri thức Drucker lập luận rằng thế giới đang chuyển từ “nền kinh tế hàng hóa” sang nền kinh tế “tri thức” - và

từ một xã hội do giai cấp vô sản công nghiệp thống trị sang một xã hội do những người lao động trí óc thống trị Ông nhấn mạnh rằng điều này có ý nghĩa sâu sắc đối với cả các nhà quản lý và chính trị gia Các nhà quản lý phải ngừng đối xử với công nhân như những bánh răng trong một cỗ máy khổng lồ vô nhân đạo và bắt đầu coi

họ như những người lao động trí óc Ngược lại, các chính trị gia phải nhận ra rằng kiến thức, và do đó, giáo dục, là nguồn lực quan trọng nhất đối với bất kỳ xã hội tiên tiến nào

2 Translate the following text into English (30 points)

Lúc này phải coi tất cả hàng hóa đều là thiết yếu trừ hàng cấm, tất cả đều quan trọng, theo Bộ trưởng Giao thông Vận tải Nguyễn Văn Thể Ông Nguyễn Văn Thể nêu

ý kiến trên tại cuộc họp trực tuyến cùng Bộ Công Thương, Bộ Nông nghiệp và Phát triển Nông thôn, UBND các tỉnh, thành về tạo điều kiện thuận lợi cho vận chuyển hàng hóa, nông sản, chiều 25/8 Lãnh đạo ngành giao thông nêu rõ, tất cả các tuyến đường

bộ, đường thủy đều là luồng xanh phục vụ vận chuyển hàng hóa."Các phương tiện vận chuyển hàng hóa đều được lưu thông; cấp mã QR code là để tạo ưu tiên khi qua chốt, chỉ tiền kiểm, hậu kiểm và xử lý nghiêm minh với các vi phạm", ông nói và đề nghị các chốt khi kiểm soát phải đảm bảo không xảy ra ùn tắc giao thông kéo dài, nghiêm trọng; nếu xảy ra ùn tắc phải xả chốt ngay

At this time, all goods must be considered essential except prohibited goods, all are important, according to Minister of Transport Nguyen Van The Mr Nguyen Van The said at an online meeting with the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, and the People's Committees of provinces and cities on creating favorable conditions for transporting goods and agricultural products, in the afternoon of August 25th Transport industry leaders said that all roads and waterways are green channels to serve the transportation of goods

"Vehicles transporting goods are allowed to circulate; issuing QR codes, which create priority When going through checkpoints, only pre-inspection, post-inspection and strict handling of violations," he said and suggested that checkpoints must ensure that

no prolonged or serious traffic jams occur; If a blockage occurs, the latch must be released immediately

Một số yêu cầu:

+ Sinh viên nộp file word lên hệ thống

+ Ghi rõ mã đề trong bài làm.

Chú ý:

+ Chế tài xử lý đối với bài phát hiện có sự sao chép ( VD: nếu phát hiện sao chép thì bài làm của sinh viên sẽ không được công nhận và nhận điểm 0….)

+ Giảng viên có thể trao đổi, nhận xét góp ý cho bài làm của sinh viên trên diễn đàn hoặc buổi Vclass (SV tham gia lớp Vclass đầy đủ để được giải đáp)